JP4556395B2 - Content identification method and content identification system - Google Patents

Description

The present invention is, for example, to the content created by individual (electronic information), by superimposing the specific additional information as a watermark by the electronic watermark technique relates identifiable content identification method and a content identification system content.

  Due to the rapid development of digital signal processing technology, music data, video data such as still images and videos are handled as digital signals, and are recorded and used on a minidisc MD (registered trademark), DVD (Digital Versatile Disc) or the like. It is like that. On the other hand, with the progress of communication technology and information processing technology, the spread of communication networks including the Internet is also remarkable. Due to the dramatic improvement in communication speed and terminal device performance in recent years, such communication networks are not limited to use forms such as mail transfer between individuals and news distribution, but also in the digital format as described above. The music data, video data or computer program data can be distributed.

  By the way, since the quality of such digital music data and video data does not deteriorate even after copying, there is a risk that unauthorized copying ignoring copyright and the like will be performed one after another. Therefore, it is important to create a mechanism for appropriately controlling the use of data in the data distribution via the network as described above and appropriately returning the profit based on the use of the data to the right holder.

  Therefore, such electronic information, for example, music information or video information recorded on a recording medium such as a magneto-optical disk, is copied illegally by superimposing a watermark (water mark) using digital watermark technology. In order to thoroughly prevent so-called piracy, various methods for protecting the copyright have been proposed. This method embeds a watermark as noise in a copyrighted work by digital watermark processing. As a method of embedding a watermark, for example, there is a method of embedding by spread spectrum, or a method of embedding in an area having a frequency band of 15 kHz or more in music information, for example. The first watermark embedded by the former method is resistant to compression. Further, the second watermark embedded by the latter method is deleted when the copyrighted work data is compressed. If it is not known in advance that the second watermark is embedded, it is not known whether or not the original work data was compressed, and the second watermark is erased when the work data is compressed. There is a possibility that. A method of managing electronic works using this fact is described in Patent Document 1 below.

  In the technique described in Patent Document 1, in an information recording medium in which an electronic work that generates a copyright is recorded as an information signal, the information signal of the electronic work includes an addition of management information of the electronic work. As information, the first watermark and the second watermark are embedded. For example, information indicating the presence or absence of the second watermark is entered in the first watermark. In this way, if it is known in advance that the second watermark is embedded, the second watermark disappears due to compression, so that the compression history is known and the information signal of the electronic work is illegally copied or compressed. It can be seen that was made.

  Further, in Patent Document 2 below, a content provider that distributes content superimposes copyright information for certifying that the content data to be distributed is its own content as watermark information (digital watermark information), In addition, copyright information management is performed by superimposing watermark information in which a prohibition bit for prohibiting copying via an analog interface is embedded, compressing the content data, and distributing the encrypted content key A technique for performing the above is disclosed.

  By the way, the MD (first generation MD) that is currently popular is a small-diameter optical disk having a diameter of approximately 64 mm and having a storage capacity that enables recording of, for example, a musical sound signal for 74 minutes or more. There are two types of small-diameter optical discs: a read-only type in which data is recorded by pits and a recording / reproduction type in which data is recorded by a magneto-optical recording (MO) method and can be reproduced. The following description relates to a recording / reproducing small-diameter optical disk (hereinafter referred to as a magneto-optical disk). In order to increase the recording capacity of this magneto-optical disk, the track pitch, the recording wavelength of the recording laser beam, the NA of the objective lens, and the like have been improved.

  In recent years, next-generation MDs having higher recording capacities than the first-generation MDs are being developed. In this case, the conventional medium (disk or cartridge) is left as it is, and the modulation method, logical structure, etc. are changed to double the user area and the recording capacity is increased to, for example, 300 MB (hereinafter referred to as the next generation MD1). ) Has been proposed. The physical specifications of the next generation MD1 are the same as those of the first generation MD, the track pitch is 1.6 μm, the laser wavelength λ is λ = 780 nm, and the aperture ratio of the optical head is NA = 0.45. is there. As a recording method, a groove recording method is adopted. The address system uses ADIP. As described above, the configuration of the optical system, the ADIP address reading method, and the servo processing in the disk drive device are the same as those of the conventional mini disk.

  In addition, the MD (next generation MD2) having a further increased recording capacity compared to the next generation MD1, narrows the track pitch to 1.25 μm while maintaining the compatibility of the outer shape and the optical system, and, for example, from the groove to the domain wall. It is going to be developed by detecting a recording mark by movement detection (Domain Wall Displacement Detection: DWDD).

JP 2002-330278 A JP 2001-332023 A

  The next-generation MD1 and the next-generation MD2 described above can be duplicated and have an increased recording capacity. Therefore, if illegal copying is performed between disks, the damage is enormous.

  As described above, when the Internet becomes widespread and an individual can obtain a large-capacity medium such as the next-generation MD2 at a low price, the amount of electronic information that the individual shoots or records increases. For example, such electronic information may be disclosed on a personal homepage, but it may not be desired for others to use it without permission. Therefore, an effective method for identifying electronic information such as the above is desired.

The present invention has such a proposed in view of the conventional circumstances, using the information processing equipment which can easily impart specific additional information, for example the copyright information on the content, It is an object of the present invention to provide a content identification method and a content identification system that can identify content to which unique identification information is assigned.

Also, the content identification method according to the present invention is a content identification method for identifying content to which unique identification information is added, in which a storage means storing unique device identification information for identifying the device itself and a recording medium itself are provided. Reading means for reading the medium identification information from a recording medium on which unique medium identification information for identification is recorded, reading the device identification information from the storage means, and the medium identification information and the device identification information for the content. An information processing apparatus having additional information adding means for embedding additional information encrypted with one of the encryption keys and the other encrypted, and recording means for recording the content with the additional information added to the data recording area. On the other hand, a content generation step of embedding additional information as the unique identification information, content to be identified, Is input to the recording medium itself to the information processing apparatus itself for recording data on a specific medium identification information and said recording medium to a unique device identification information and the identification information extraction means, the identification information extracting means, on the recording medium itself Using either one of the unique medium identification information and the device identification information unique to the information processing device itself, the additional information added to the target content is decrypted , and the unique identification information is obtained from the target content. The additional information extracting step for extracting the medium identification information and the apparatus identification information, and the identification information determining means extract the identification information unique to the recording medium itself, the apparatus identification information unique to the information processing apparatus itself, and the additional information extraction. An identification information determination step for determining whether or not the medium identification information and the device identification information extracted in the step match.

The content identification system according to the present invention is a content identification system for identifying content to which unique identification information is added, and an information processing apparatus for recording content and content for identifying content to which unique identification information is added The information processing device includes: a storage unit storing unique device identification information for identifying the device itself; and a recording medium storing the unique medium identification information for identifying the recording medium itself. Reading means for reading the identification information and reading the device identification information from the storage means, and for the content, additional information obtained by encrypting one of the medium identification information and the device identification information as an encryption key and the other Additional information adding means for embedding and recording means for recording the content with the additional information added to the data recording area. The content identification device receives the content to be identified, the medium identification information unique to the recording medium itself, and the device identification information unique to the information processing apparatus itself that records data on the recording medium. Using either the medium identification information unique to the medium itself or the device identification information unique to the information processing apparatus itself, the additional information added to the target content is decrypted , and the unique content is decoded from the target content. Identification information extraction means for extracting medium identification information and apparatus identification information as identification information, medium identification information unique to the recording medium itself, apparatus identification information unique to the information processing apparatus itself, and the identification information extraction means Identification information determination means for determining whether or not the extracted medium identification information and apparatus identification information match.
In the present invention, additional information based on device identification information unique to the device and identification information unique to the medium can be embedded as identification information unique to the content. If used, identification information unique to content that can be used for copyright management, for example, can be easily given.
In addition, for example, it has an imaging unit, and the content may be video data captured by the imaging unit or a recording unit, and the content may be audio data input by the recording unit. Well, it is possible to give unique identification information to electronic data photographed or recorded by an individual.
Further, the recording medium has a first area in which a track on which data is recorded is formed, and a second area provided on the inner peripheral side from the first area, and the medium is provided in the second area. Where the identification information can be recorded in a radial manner, so that the reading process is not complicated and the area for recording the medium identification information unique to the disc does not hinder the increase in recording capacity, etc. Can be provided.
In the present invention, the medium identification information and the device identification information are extracted from the unique identification information of the content to be identified, and whether or not it matches the medium identification information and the device identification information from the user or the like who wants to identify them. By the determination, when they match, it can be identified that the recording apparatus uses the recording apparatus.

  In the present invention, when content is recorded on a recording medium having medium identification information by a recording device having apparatus identification information, additional information is automatically embedded as identification information unique to the content. This content is effective for certifying the copyright when the copyright holder of the content is used in a manner not intended by the copyright owner.

  According to the present invention, the medium identification information is read from the recording medium on which the unique medium identification information for identifying the recording medium itself is recorded, the apparatus identification information capable of identifying the apparatus itself is read, and the medium identification information for the content is read. Further, by embedding and recording additional information based on the device identification information, unique identification information can be given to the content itself. Then, if it is determined whether or not the unique identification information added to such content matches the medium identification information and the device identification information of a set consisting of a certain recording medium and recording device, the content to be identified is determined. If the identification information unique to the content can be used as copyright information, the copyright holder can be easily determined.

  Hereinafter, specific embodiments to which the present invention is applied will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, in order to protect the copyright of electronic information (hereinafter referred to as content) that the user has personally photographed or recorded, the present invention is recorded with copyright information added to the content. The present invention is applied to an information processing apparatus capable of performing the above and a copyright owner determination system for determining a copyright owner of content to which copyright information is assigned.

  Here, identification information unique to the content itself is used as copyright information, but it may also be used for identification for other purposes such as content management.

  The information processing apparatus according to the present embodiment uses the next generation D2 as a recording medium (hereinafter referred to as a disk) having unique identification information (hereinafter referred to as UID). A description will be given of a recording apparatus capable of recording content that is a user's work. The UID of the next-generation MD2 is information recorded at the time of manufacturing the disc, is unique information for specifying each disc, and is unique identification information. This UID can be used not only to protect the copyright of the magneto-optical disk as described in this embodiment, but also to prevent data tampering. Here, the overall configuration of the copyright holder determination system in the present embodiment will be described first, and then the next generation MD2 having a UID will be described in detail.

  Here, the next-generation MD2 will be described as an example of a medium having a UID. However, a medium having a UID is not limited to the next-generation MD2, for example, a recording medium called a MD having a UID, for example, UMD or HiMD1.5, It can also be applied to other media such as MO. In addition, the service is not limited to a medium having a special UID, and a similar service can be provided using information unique to the medium such as a serial number.

(1) Content Identification System FIG. 1 is a block diagram schematically showing a copyright holder determination system in the present embodiment. The copyright holder determination system according to the present embodiment, for example, when a content that seems to be a user's copyrighted work is found where the user does not permit it, This is a copyright owner determination system for determining whether or not a product is an object.

  As described above, even if a user's personal copyrighted work, for example, video data such as photographs or videos, recording data such as audio or played music, etc. is published on HP, for example, other users copy it without permission. Or may not want to be diverted. In such a case, if the copyright is proved in this system, it is possible to insist that other users divert without permission.

  For this reason, as shown in FIG. 1, a copyright holder determination system 101 has at least the right to be used by a user, and a recording device 102 as an information processing device that records content that is a copyrighted work of the user. And a copyright holder as a content identification device that determines whether the copyright of the target content is the copyrighted work of the user who claims the right. And a determination device 103.

  The recording device 102 stores a storage unit 111 in which a device UID that is unique device identification information is stored, and a UID that is identification information unique to a medium (hereinafter referred to as a disk UID) for content that is a user's work. A watermark encoder 113 that embeds additional information based on the disk UID and the device UID from the disk 112 such as the next-generation MD2 having the user copyright information, and a recording unit 114 that records the content with the copyright information added thereto. Have

  Here, image data captured by the imaging device 115 or the like will be described as an example of content that is a user's copyrighted work. The imaging device 115 and the recording device 102 are connected by a transmission path such as a USB (Universal Serial Bus: registered trademark) cable, for example, so that the recording device 102 functions as an external storage device of the imaging device 115. Alternatively, the recording apparatus 102 may be provided as an imaging unit.

  An image projected by the user with the imaging device 115 is input to the watermark encoder 113 as content. The watermark encoder 113 inserts additional information as copyright information into the content as a watermark by a known method using the device UID and the disc UID.

  As described above, a technique for embedding other data (additional information) as copyright information in an image, sound, text data, or the like is also referred to as data hiding, digital watermarking, or the like. In the present embodiment, the embedded watermark is copyright information for assuring that it is a user's copyrighted work, so that no deterioration occurs due to processing such as filtering or data compression on data and data. For example, it is necessary to devise such as changing the way of embedding data or repeatedly embedding.

  Methods for embedding watermarks include inserting additional information into the lower bits of the signal and higher-order coefficients during compression, inserting additional information so as not to affect the content using the masking effect, and spread spectrum There are known a method in which the spectrum of the additional information is dispersed using the method and superimposed on the content data, a method of inserting the first peak in the predetermined range, the second peak, or the vicinity thereof.

  This watermark may be authenticated and removed on the playback side, but can be played back by inserting it into the content so that there is no audiovisual problem even if playback / decoding is performed with the watermark embedded. Those which do not have to be removed on the side are preferred. Furthermore, it may be repeatedly inserted into the original content data so that it can be detected no matter which part of the data is reproduced.

  Here, in the present embodiment, copyright information to be given as a watermark is generated from the device UID and the media UID. For example, the disc UID is inserted as the second watermark with respect to the content data in which the device UID is inserted as the first watermark. Alternatively, any one of the device UID and the disk UID may be used as the encryption key, and the encrypted one of the other may be added as the watermark.

  The device UID is identification information unique to the device and is stored in a predetermined storage unit 111. When content is supplied, the watermark encoder 113 reads the content by a control unit (not shown). Be controlled. This device UID can be, for example, a manufacturing number or a manufacturing code combined with a manufacturer code and / or a category code of a recording / reproducing device.

  In the case of the next-generation MD2, which is also referred to as UMD3 or HiMD3, which will be described later, the disk UID is recorded in the form of a barcode in the mirror area BCA further on the inner periphery side of the lead-in area. In the case of the next generation MD1, which is also referred to as UMD1 or HiMD1, a 17PP signal is uniquely specified on the recording / reproducing apparatus side as a Disc ID in a DDT (Disc description table) with a 17PP signal. An identification number is recorded in a random number. When the content is supplied, the control unit controls to read the disk UID from the UID storage unit 117 such as a mirror area or DDT.

  The watermark encoder 113 generates additional information to be inserted as a watermark using these device UID and disc UID, and embeds this in the content. Alternatively, the device UID and the disk UID may be embedded as a watermark as they are.

  As a specific method of inserting a watermark, in addition to the methods described in Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2 described above, for example, regarding watermark insertion for copyright protection for an image, DC in the wavelet transform region is used. There is a method in which a watermark is inserted into the component area, and at this time, the high frequency dependence of the image in the DC component area defined in the watermark insertion area is calculated, and the watermark is inserted in the order of the pixels having the highest high frequency dependence. (Kaihei 15-169207). As a result, the watermark inserted even in an external attack such as compression can maintain robustness, and image quality deterioration due to insertion of the watermark in the DC component region can be minimized.

  Alternatively, there is a method of inserting watermark data as copyright information into the lower bits of data (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 14-057997). At this time, the noise component is put in a place where there is no problem in the sense of hearing so as not to be affected by the insertion of the watermark in the content.

  FIG. 2 is a block diagram illustrating an example of a watermark encoder. Content data is supplied to the input terminal 121. Watermark data is supplied to the input terminal 122 as additional information indicating copyright information. The watermark data can be any data as long as the watermark data is extracted by a watermark decoder, which will be described later, and can be restored to the device UID and media UID from the extracted watermark data. Also good.

  The watermark data from the input terminal 122 is supplied to the randomizer 123. The randomizer 123 converts the watermark data into white noise. The output of the randomizer 123 is supplied to the subtraction circuit 124a and also supplied to the addition circuit 124b.

  The content data from the input terminal 121 is supplied to the subtraction circuit 124c. The output of the subtraction circuit 126c is supplied to the subtraction circuit 124a and also supplied to the subtraction circuit 124d. The output of the subtraction circuit 124 a is supplied to the quantization circuit 125. The output of the quantization circuit 125 is supplied to the addition circuit 125.

  In the adder circuit 124b, the output of the quantization circuit 125 and the output of the randomizer 123 are added. The output of the adder circuit 124b is output from the output terminal 126 and supplied to the subtractor circuit 124d. In the subtracting circuit 124d, the output of the adding circuit 124c is subtracted from the output of the adding circuit 124b.

  The output of the subtracting circuit 124d is supplied to the noise shape filter 127. The output of the noise shape filter 127 is supplied to the subtraction circuit 124c. The subtracting circuit 124c subtracts the output of the noise shape filter 127 from the data from the input terminal 121.

  The watermark encoder 113 configured as described above inserts watermark data into the lower bits of the data. The noise component is put in a place where there is no problem in hearing so as not to be affected by the insertion of the watermark data into the content data.

  That is, in FIG. 2, the data from the input terminal 121 is quantized by the quantization circuit 125 through the subtraction circuits 124c and 124a and output to the addition circuit 124b. In the adder circuit 124b, the watermark data from the randomizer 123 is inserted into the lower bits of the data output from the quantization circuit 125.

  Further, the watermark data is subtracted from the content data from the input terminal 121 by the subtracting circuit 124 a provided in the preceding stage of the quantization circuit 125. As a result, the influence of the watermark data being inserted into the content data in the adder circuit 124b subsequent to the quantization circuit 125 is eliminated.

  In the subtracting circuit 124d, the output data of the subtracting circuit 124c is subtracted from the data in which the watermark data is inserted into the content data in the adding circuit 124b. The subtracting circuit 124d subtracts the data before the watermark data is subtracted from the output data from the quantizing circuit 125, and the noise component accompanying the quantization is extracted. This noise component is moved to a place where there is no problem with hearing by the noise shape filter 127, supplied to the subtraction circuit 124c, and subtracted from the content data input from the input terminal 121.

  Note that the watermark may be one in which the watermark information is spread spectrum and superimposed on the content data, or the peak value of the signal is detected so as not to affect the content data. Any watermark may be used, such as one for inserting a mark, one for inserting watermark information into the lower bits of the content, or one for inserting watermark information into a higher-order coefficient during compression.

  Returning to FIG. 1, the recording unit 114 records the content in which the watermark is inserted by the watermark encoder 113 in the recording area 116 of the disc 112. A detailed description of the recording apparatus 102 will be described later.

  Further, the recording device 102 can be connected to the communication control device 106 by a USB cable or the like, and transmitted from the communication control device 106 to another user via the network 107 or posted on its own HP. Can do.

  The copyright determination device 103 as a decoding device that decodes a watermark is, for example, a PC installed in a court, a copyright certification organization, or the like or owned by an individual. With this copyright determination device, the user can prove that the copyright holder of a certain content is the user himself / herself. For example, when a normal PC is used as a copyright determination apparatus, a decoding program may be distributed free of charge or for a fee.

  The copyright determination device 103 receives a target content to be copyrighted and inputs a watermark decoder 131 that extracts the device UID and the media UID from the additional information as copyright information embedded in the target content. The recording device 135 in which the user who claims the copyright reads the disc UID from the UID recording unit 134 of the disc 133 such as the next generation MD2 that has the right to use at least, and the user who claims the copyright has the right to use at least And a copyright owner determination unit 132 that determines whether or not the claimant is the copyright owner of the target content.

  FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an example of a watermark decoder that decodes the information of the watermark inserted by the watermark encoder shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, target content data that is a target of copyright owner determination is supplied to the input terminal 141, and this is supplied to the quantization circuit 142. The output of the quantization circuit 142 is output from the output terminal 143 and also supplied to the lower bit extraction circuit 144.

  The lower bit extraction circuit 144 extracts the watermark data inserted in the lower bits of the target content data. The watermark data is supplied to the reverse randomizer 145. The reverse randomizer 145 performs processing corresponding to the randomizer 123 in the watermark encoder shown in FIG. That is, the inverse randomizer 145 returns the randomized watermark data to the original state, and the watermark data is obtained. This is output from the output terminal 146 to the copyright determination unit 132.

  Returning to FIG. 1, the copyright owner determination unit 132 extracts the device UID and the disk UID from the watermark data. Then, it is determined whether or not the extracted disk UID and device UID match the disk UID and device UID of the claimant's disk 133 and the recording device 135 that records data on the disk 133, respectively.

  Here, for example, as described above, when the watermark data is, for example, the device UID encrypted or processed using the disk UID as a key, the watermark is read using the disk UID read from the disk 133. And the result obtained may be compared with the device UID read from the recording device 135.

  If the device UID and disc UID as copyright information extracted from the target content match the device 133 UID and disc UID read from the disc 133 and recording device 135 that the rights claimant has permission to use, the target content is It will be proved as the copyrighted work of the claimant. The copyright holder determination unit 132 outputs this result.

  Next, the copyright owner determination method in the present embodiment will be described. 4 and 5 are flowcharts illustrating processing methods in the recording apparatus and the copyright determination apparatus.

  Here, a case where an image captured by the user with an imaging device (camera) is input as content will be described.

  As shown in FIG. 4, first, an image from a camera is input to the recording apparatus 102 (step S1). When an image is input, the watermark encoder 13 of the recording / reproducing device 102 first reads out the device UID and the media UID (step S2), and processes the device UID and the media UID to obtain a watermark. As described above, the device UID and the media UID may be inserted into the content by different methods. In such a case, the device UID and the media UID may be individually processed or used as they are. Good.

  Then, the watermark is added by processing or inserting the device UID and media UID as they are into the image data (step S3). Thus, the recording unit 114 records the image data to which the watermark is added as copyright information in the recording area of the disc (step S4).

  In this way, for the content that is a personal work of the user, the copyright information indicating that the device UID and the disk UID are individual identification information on the recording device and the disk owned by the user and that the work is the work of the user. For example, when this content is posted on the user's own HP, it is used in a manner that is not intended by the user, such as being copied and used for a purpose that is not intended by the user. If the content is posted on the stolen server 105 shown in FIG. 1 or the like that the user does not permit, the following method is used to confirm that the user who has found the content is his / her copyrighted work. Can judge and prove.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 5, in a copyright determination device 103 as a copyright owner determination device, first, a user who wants to determine the copyright holder or a copyright management organization prepares the target content. When a copyright determination apparatus is installed in the copyright owner determination server, the target content is sent to the copyright owner determination server via the network. In addition, when placed in a copyright management organization or the like, the target content may be supplied from a recording medium or the like. Also, the copyright holder determination software having the functions of the watermark decoder 131 and the copyright holder determination unit 132 described above may be installed in a personal PC or the like, and the user himself / herself may perform the copyright holder determination.

  In this way, the target content prepared by the user or the like is input to the copyright determination apparatus 103. The watermark decoder 131 of the copyright determination apparatus 103 performs processing for extracting the watermark from the input target content (step S11), and sends it to the copyright holder determination unit 132.

  On the other hand, the copyright determination unit 132 reads the device UID and the disk UID from the recording device 135 and the disk 133 owned by the user who is the right claimer who claims the copyright, respectively. Note that the recording device 133 and the disc 135 are not necessarily owned by the user who claims the copyright. For example, when the recording device 133 and the disc 135 are shared within the family, the recording device 133 and the disc 135 have at least the right to use the recording device 133 and the disc 135. Needless to say.

  Also, at least the device UID can be output only when a secure relationship with the copyright determination device can be maintained. For example, when the risk of losing a recording device is lower than losing a disc, the recording device is usually more expensive than a disc, and the device UID of the recording device is more important for the claimant Because there is.

  Further, when the copyright determination device 103 is, for example, a copyright owner determination server operated by a copyright management organization, the user reads, for example, the device UID and the disk UID with a PC and encrypts the copyright determination device. You may make it transmit with respect to 103. FIG.

  The copyright determination unit 132 extracts the device UID and the disc UID from the watermark from the watermark decoder 131, compares the device UID and the disc UID from the recording device 33 and the disc 135 owned by the user who claims the right, It is determined whether or not they match. Here, if they match, it is proved that the target content is the copyrighted work of the user who claims the right, that is, the user is the copyright holder (step S14).

  For example, when the copyright determination apparatus 103 is installed in a copyright management organization, a certificate or the like for certifying the copyright may be issued. In addition, when a user discovers content posted on a personal device such as home without obtaining the consent of the user, determines the copyright holder, and confirms that it is his own copyrighted work, For example, you may notify the publisher who has posted this.

  On the other hand, if the device UID and disc UID extracted from the content do not match the device UID and disc UID from the rights claimant, it is determined that the content is not the copyrighted work of the user who claims the copyright. . Here, for example, when the device UID and the media UID cannot be extracted from the content, it may be notified that the copyright determination is impossible. Also, in the case where only the device UID is matched, for example, by losing the disc used when the user claiming the right creates the target content, the copyright holder may be recognized as well. Good.

  In the present embodiment, content data is recorded when a content that is a personal work such as audio data recorded by a user with a recorder or video data shot by a video camera or a digital still camera is recorded on a disc. This content is used where the user does not intend by assigning the additional data generated from the device UID of the recording device that the user has the right to use and the disc UID of the disc as copyright information. In such a case, it can be proved by using its own recording device and disc that it is its own work.

  That is, whether or not the content is a copyrighted work by reading out the device UID and the disk UID from at least the recording device and the disk having the right to use, extracting the device UID and the disk UID from the content, and comparing the two. Can be determined.

  Recently, with the development of various information processing devices and networks, users can easily exchange digital data, and there are increasing opportunities to publish on personal HPs. On the other hand, in proportion to the fact that digital data can be easily handled, there is a greater risk that data that is such a personal work will be used without permission. For example, there is a case where it is desired to publish on personal HP, but it is not intended to be used without permission. In such a case, if copyright information is given to the content in advance by the recording apparatus of this embodiment, it is convenient that the right can be easily proved. In addition, it is possible to insist that the content is the result of determination by an authentication group or the like, or to warn the other party.

  In this embodiment, since the device UID and the disk UID as copyright information are assigned as watermarks, the watermarks can be extracted even after editing or changing the resolution, for example. Can be.

  Further, as will be described later, the disk in the present embodiment is a next-generation MD2 having an extremely large capacity, and has a unique UID in advance at the time of manufacture. Since the UID previously attached to the disc is used in this way, copyright management can be performed very easily.

(2) Next generation MD2
Next, the next-generation MD2 and its UID will be described in detail as a specific example of a disk with a UID used in a content identification system such as the above-mentioned copyright holder determination system. The next-generation MD2 described below is also called UMD3 or HiMD3, and is a recording medium capable of high-density recording while being compatible with conventional MDs. The recording medium with unique identification information that can be used to identify the medium suitable for use in the right holder determination system is not limited to the next-generation MD2, and the unique identification information is recorded in a non-rewritable manner. Any medium having a recordable area may be used.

  The next-generation MD2 has a diameter of about 64 mm, for example, a conventional small-diameter optical disc (hereinafter referred to as a first disc) called a mini-disc MD (registered trademark) having a storage capacity capable of recording music signals for 74 minutes or longer. Unlike the generation MD), the outer shape and the optical system are compatible with the first generation MD, but the track pitch is narrowed to 1.25 μm and, for example, the domain wall displacement detection (DWDD from the groove) ) To dramatically increase the capacity.

  There are two types of mini-discs: a read-only type in which data is recorded by pits and a recording / reproduction type in which data is recorded by the magneto-optical recording (MO) method and can be reproduced. The description relates to a recording / reproducing small-diameter optical disk (hereinafter referred to as a magneto-optical disk).

  The first generation MD (conventional MD) employs groove recording at a track pitch of 1.6 μm and an EFM (8-14 conversion) modulation method as a modulation method for recording data. The physical format of the first generation MD is defined as follows. The track pitch is 1.6 μm and the bit length is 0.59 μm / bit. The laser wavelength λ is λ = 780 nm, and the aperture ratio of the optical head is NA = 0.45. As a recording system, a groove recording system that uses grooves (grooves on the disk board surface) as tracks for recording and reproduction is adopted. The address system employs a system using a wobbled groove in which a single spiral groove is formed on the disk surface and wobbles as address information are formed on both sides of the groove. In this specification, the absolute address recorded by wobbling is also referred to as ADIP (Address in Pregroove).

  Furthermore, the first generation MD uses ACIRC (Advanced Cross Interleave Reed-Solomon Code) as an error correction method. In addition, a convolution type is adopted for data interleaving. As a result, the data redundancy is 46.3%.

  The data detection method in the first generation MD is a bit-by-bit method, and CLV (Constant Linear Verocity) is adopted as the disk drive method. The linear velocity of CLV is 1.2 m / s.

  The standard data rate at the time of recording and reproduction is 133 kB / s, and the recording capacity is 164 MB (140 MB in MD-DATA). The minimum data rewrite unit (cluster) is composed of 36 sectors including 32 main sectors and 4 link sectors.

  In contrast to the first generation MD, the recording capacity is increased by improving the track pitch, the recording wavelength of the recording laser beam, the NA of the objective lens, and the like as the next generation MD1 and the recording medium in the present embodiment. Next generation MD2.

  The next-generation MD1 is an MD in which the user area and the like are doubled by changing the modulation method and the logical structure without changing the conventional medium (disk and cartridge), and the recording capacity is increased to, for example, 300 MB. The physical specifications of the recording medium in the next generation MD1 are the same as those in the first generation MD, the track pitch is 1.6 μm, the laser wavelength λ is λ = 780 nm, and the aperture ratio of the optical head is NA = 0. .45. As a recording method, a groove recording method is adopted. The address system uses ADIP. Thus, the configuration of the optical system, the ADIP address reading method, and the servo processing in the disk drive device are the same as those in the first generation MD.

  Since the next generation MD1 and the next generation MD2 in the present embodiment can be duplicated and the recording capacity is increased, if illegal copying is performed between the disks, the damage will be enormous.

  Therefore, in the next-generation MD1, an identification number for uniquely identifying one disc from a large number of discs is recorded as a Disc ID in a DDT (Disc description table). This is recorded as a random number with a 17PP signal at the time of formatting on the recording / reproducing apparatus side.

  On the other hand, in the magneto-optical disk which is going to increase the recording capacity like the next generation MD2 as the recording medium of the present embodiment, an address is allocated to an area for recording an identification number such as the disk ID. If it is provided in the area, the recording area is prevented from increasing, and in order to prevent the reading mechanism and processing from becoming complicated, a radial unique ID is recorded in the mirror area at the time of manufacture.

  FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a next generation MD2 (200) which is a specific example of the recording medium in the present invention. Prepits are not used to increase the density. Therefore, the next generation MD2 does not have a PTOC area due to pre-pits. In the next generation MD2, a UID area for recording a UID is provided in the inner peripheral area of the inner lead-in area of the recordable area. This UID area is recorded by a recording method different from the DWDD method applied to the next generation MD2.

  The UID of the next generation MD2 is unique identification information. This UID is information recorded at the time of manufacturing the disc, and is unique information for specifying each disc. As described above, information for protecting the copyright of the magneto-optical disc and data falsification are provided. In addition to being used as information for checking or information that is the basis of other non-public information, it can also be used for providing various other services such as a prize service.

  The UID recording area is originally a mirror area. That is, neither grooves nor pits are formed. For example, a 200 μm × 1 μm long mark is written in the mirror area by MO recording. When the mark is written for one round, the optical head for writing for one round is sent over the PLL without any particular tracking. Then, the above long and narrow marks are written at the same place at 200 μm so that there is no gap. As a result, UID marks are formed radially like a barcode. Since the UID is recorded using a wide mark as described above, it can be reproduced by non-tracking.

  As described above, the next-generation MD2 for recording the UID in the mirror area is a recording medium to which a high-density recording technique such as a domain wall displacement detection (DWDD) method is applied. The physical format is different from the generation MD and the next generation MD1. The next generation MD2 has a track pitch of 1.25 μm and a bit length of 0.16 μm / bit, and is densified in the line direction.

  Further, in order to be compatible with the first generation MD and the next generation MD1, the optical system, the reading method, the servo processing, etc. are in accordance with the conventional standards, the laser wavelength λ is λ = 780 nm, and the aperture ratio of the optical head is , NA = 0.45. The recording method is a groove recording method, and the address method is a method using ADIP. The outer shape of the housing is also the same as that of the first generation MD and the next generation MD1.

  However, when reading the track pitch and the linear density (bit length) narrower than the conventional one using an optical system equivalent to the first generation MD and the next generation MD1, it is possible to remove from the detrack margin, land and groove. It is necessary to eliminate constraints on crosstalk, wobble crosstalk, focus leakage, CT signals, and the like. Therefore, the next generation MD2 is characterized in that the groove depth, inclination, width and the like of the groove are changed. Specifically, the groove depth of the groove is determined to be 160 nm to 180 nm, the inclination is 60 ° to 70 °, and the width is 600 nm to 800 nm.

  Further, the next generation MD2 is an RLL (1-7) PP modulation system (RLL: Run Length Limited, PP: Parity preserve / Prohibit rmtr (repeated minimum transition runlength)) suitable for high-density recording as a modulation system for recording data. Is adopted. Further, as an error correction method, an RS-LDC (Reed Solomon-Long Distance Code) method with BIS (Burst Indicator Subcode) having higher correction capability is used. Data interleaving is a block-complete type. As a result, the data redundancy becomes 20.50%. As a data detection method, a Viterbi decoding method based on PR (1, -1) ML is used. A cluster which is the minimum data rewrite unit is composed of 16 sectors and 64 kB.

  Further, a ZCAV (Zone CAV) system is used as the disk drive system, and the linear velocity is set to 2.0 m / s. According to the ZCAV system, CAV playback is performed in the same zone. However, in the recording / playback apparatus, the spindle motor is controlled in the conventional manner and the disk is rotated by CLV.

FIG. 7 shows a zone zone format of the magneto-optical disk 200 such as the next generation MD2 driven by the ZCAV system. In the magneto-optical disk 200, the magneto-optical disk is divided into 28 zones from zone Z ₀ to zone Z ₂₇ . The wobble wave number (phase) is matched between adjacent tracks in the zone. For example, in FIG. 8 showing the zone Z ₁ and the zone Z ₂ in an enlarged manner, the wave number (phase) of the wobble is matched so as to be surrounded by the region A ₁ in the zone Z ₁ . And to match the wobble wave number (phase) as enclosed in the area A ₁ even in Zone Z _2. FIG. 9 shows taken out wobble in the area A ₁ and the area A _2. The wave numbers are consistent. This is to make the wave number of the carrier of ADIP the same. As a result, in phase and out phase can be matched on average. Note that the wave numbers (phases) of the wobbles do not have to coincide between the adjacent zones Z ₁ and Z ₂ so as to be surrounded by the region A ₃ .

  By adopting the ZCAV method, the standard data rate at the time of recording / reproducing is 9.8 MB / s. In the next generation MD2, the total recording capacity can be reduced to 1 GB by adopting the DWDD method and the ZCAV driving method.

  In this way, since the next-generation MD2 has a UID recorded in a non-rewritable state in advance, if this is used, identification information unique to the content can be easily added, and the above-mentioned work can be used using this. An authority certification system can be provided.

(3) Recording / reproducing apparatus for next-generation MD2 A recording / reproducing apparatus for recording / reproducing an information signal for such a next-generation MD2 will be described with reference to FIG. This recording / reproducing apparatus includes a configuration for executing RLL (1-7) PP modulation / RS-LDC encoding for next-generation MD2 recording. In addition, it has a configuration for performing RLL (1-7) demodulation and RS-LDC decoding based on data detection using PR (1, -1) ML and Viterbi decoding for the reproduction of next-generation MD2.

  In this recording / reproducing apparatus, the loaded next-generation MD2 (200) is rotationally driven by the spindle motor 401 by the ZCAV method described above. At the time of recording / reproduction, the next-generation MD2 (200) is irradiated with laser light from the optical head 402.

  The optical head 402 performs a high level laser output for heating the recording track to the Curie temperature during recording, and a relatively low level laser output for detecting data from reflected light by the magnetic Kerr effect during reproduction. Do. For this reason, the optical head 402 is equipped with an optical system including a laser diode as a laser output means, a polarization beam splitter, an objective lens, and the like, and a detector for detecting reflected light. The objective lens provided in the optical head 402 is held so as to be displaceable in the radial direction of the disk and in the direction of contacting and separating from the disk, for example, by a biaxial mechanism.

  A magnetic head 403 is disposed at a position facing the optical head 402 across the next generation MD2. The magnetic head 403 applies a magnetic field modulated by the recording data to the next generation MD2. Although not shown, a sled motor and a sled mechanism are provided for moving the entire optical head 402 and the magnetic head 403 in the disk radial direction.

  In this recording / reproducing apparatus, a recording processing system, a reproducing processing system, a servo system, and the like are provided in addition to a recording / reproducing head system using an optical head 402, a magnetic head 403, and a disk rotation driving system using a spindle motor 401. As a recording processing system, there is provided a part for performing RLL (1-7) PP modulation and RS-LDC encoding at the time of recording on the next generation MD2.

  Further, as a reproduction processing system, RLL (1-7 based on data detection using demodulation (PR (1, -1) ML and Viterbi decoding) corresponding to RLL (1-7) PP modulation at the time of reproduction of next-generation MD2 ) Demodulation), and a part for performing RS-LDC decoding.

  Information (photocurrent obtained by detecting the laser reflected light with a photodetector) detected by the laser irradiation of the optical head 402 to the next generation MD 2 as laser light is supplied to the RF amplifier 404. The RF amplifier 404 performs current-voltage conversion, amplification, matrix calculation, and the like on the input detection information, and performs reproduction RF signal, tracking error signal TE, focus error signal FE, groove information (next generation MD2) as reproduction information. (ADIP information recorded by track wobbling).

  At the time of reproduction of the next generation MD2, the reproduction RF signal obtained by the RF amplifier is transmitted through the A / D conversion circuit 405, the equalizer 406, the PLL circuit 407, the PRML circuit 408, and the RLL (1-7) PP demodulation unit 409 and The signal is processed by the RS-LDC decoder 410. The reproduction RF signal is obtained by the RLL (1-7) PP demodulation unit 409 to obtain reproduction data as an RLL (1-7) code string by data detection using PR (1, -1) ML and Viterbi decoding. RLL (1-7) demodulation processing is performed on the RLL (1-7) code string. Further, the RS-LDC decoder 410 performs error correction and deinterleaving processing. The demodulated data is output to the data buffer 415 as reproduction data from the next generation MD2.

  The tracking error signal TE and the focus error signal FE output from the RF amplifier 404 are supplied to the servo circuit 411, the groove information is supplied to the ADIP decoder 413, and the MO signal read from the UID is supplied to the UID decoder 420. The

  The ADIP decoder 413 extracts a wobble component by band-limiting the groove information with a bandpass filter, and then performs FM demodulation and biphase demodulation to extract an ADIP address. The extracted ADIP address, which is absolute address information on the disk, is supplied to the system controller 414 as a next generation MD2 address.

  As described later, the UID decoder 420 detects the UID from the read MO signal and supplies the detected UID to the system controller 414.

  The system controller 414 executes predetermined control processing based on the ADIP address. The groove information is returned to the servo circuit 411 for spindle servo control.

  The servo circuit 411 generates a spindle error signal for ZCAV servo control, for example, based on an error signal obtained by integrating the phase error with the reproduction clock (PLL clock at the time of decoding) with respect to the groove information.

  The servo circuit 411 also performs various servo control signals based on the spindle error signal, the tracking error signal supplied from the RF amplifier 404 as described above, the focus error signal, the track jump command from the system controller 414, the access command, etc. (Tracking control signal, focus control signal, thread control signal, spindle control signal, etc.) are generated and output to the motor driver 412. That is, various servo control signals are generated by performing necessary processing such as phase compensation processing, gain processing, and target value setting processing on the servo error signal and command.

  The motor driver 412 generates a predetermined servo drive signal based on the servo control signal supplied from the servo circuit 411. The servo drive signal here includes a biaxial drive signal (two types of focus direction and tracking direction) for driving the biaxial mechanism, a sled motor drive signal for driving the sled mechanism, and a spindle motor drive signal for driving the spindle motor 401. It becomes. With such a servo drive signal, focus control, tracking control for the next generation MD2, and ZCAV control for the spindle motor 401 are performed.

  When a recording operation is performed on the next-generation MD2, high-density data or normal ATRAC compressed data from an audio processing unit is supplied from a memory transfer controller (not shown).

  The RS-LCD encoder 416 and the RLL (1-7) PP modulation unit 417 function during recording on the next-generation MD2. In this case, the high-density data is subjected to interleave and RS-LDC error correction code addition by the RS-LCD encoder 416, and then RLL (1-7) PP modulation section 417 performs RLL (1-7) modulation. Is done.

  The recording data modulated into the RLL (1-7) code string is supplied to the magnetic head driver 418, and the magnetic head 403 applies the magnetic field based on the modulation data to the next generation MD2, and the data is recorded. .

  The laser driver / APC 419 causes the laser diode to perform a laser emission operation during reproduction and recording as described above, but also performs a so-called APC (Automatic Lazer Power Control) operation. Specifically, although not shown, a detector for laser power monitoring is provided in the optical head 402, and this monitor signal is fed back to the laser driver / APC 419. The laser driver / APC 419 compares the current laser power obtained as the monitor signal with a preset laser power and reflects the error in the laser drive signal, thereby outputting the laser power output from the laser diode. Is controlled to be stabilized at the set value. Here, as the laser power, values as the reproduction laser power and the recording laser power are set in a register in the laser driver / APC 419 by the system controller 414.

  The system controller 414 controls each component so that the above operations (laser drive, access, various servos, data writing, and data reading operations) are executed.

Next, the ADIP decoder 413 will be described in more detail. In the above description, the next-generation MD2 recording / reproducing apparatus has the UID decoder 420. However, the UID writing pattern has the same format as ADIP, that is, FM modulation, biphase modulation, and 3-bit correction BCH code. By using (Bose-Chaudhuri-Hocquenghem code), the recording / reproducing apparatus can decode the UID using the decoder 413 for ADIP address, and the UID reproduction dedicated circuit can be dispensed with.

  FIG. 11 is a block diagram showing the ADIP decoder 413. When the ADFG (ADIPFM) is supplied from the RF amplifier 404 via the input terminal 501, the FV converter 503 in the FM demodulator 502 converts the frequency into a voltage signal. The voltage signal is filtered by the filter 504, binarized by the comparator 505, and FMDT is supplied to the phase comparator 506, the sync detection circuit 509, and the biphase decoder 510.

  The FMDT comparator output from the phase comparator 506 is used as a synchronous clock FMCK by a PLL constituted by a loop filter 507 and a VCO 508. The synchronous clock FMCK is supplied to the phase comparator 506, the sync detector 509, and the biphase decoder 510.

  The sync detection circuit 509 detects the sync sync from FMDT in accordance with the synchronous clock FMCK and supplies the sync sync to the timing control circuit 511. The timing control circuit 511 generates a sector pulse XADSY and supplies it to the system controller 414. In addition, the timing control circuit 511 supplies window information Window to the sync detection circuit 509.

  The biphase decoding circuit 510 biphase decodes the FMDT based on the synchronous clock FMCK and supplies the NRZ data to the BCH decoder 512 and the CRC decoder 513. In the case of this embodiment, the BCH decoder 512 and the CRC decoder 513 are connected in parallel, and the outputs from the respective decoders are switched using the changeover switches 514 and 515, whereby the UID address error ADER, the cluster position number, The sector number (used as rotation information) is extracted. The UID data is also taken out from the BCH decoder 512 and the CRC decoder 513 through the changeover of these changeover switches 514 and 515.

(4) UID
Next, FIG. 12 is a diagram showing a data format of the next generation MD2. The innermost circumference is a mirror area (BCA: Burst Cutting Area), and a wobble ADIP groove area is provided on the outer circumference. The UID is recorded by forming a barcode-like pattern radially in the mirror area.

  The wobble ADIP groove area is provided with a lead-in area from the inner periphery side, a data recordable area as a data recording area, and a lead-out area. ing.

  In the lead-in area, preformatted management information called P-TOP is recorded. The data recordable area includes a power calibration area (PCA), a control area, a recordable data area, and a lead-out power calibration area PCA. Is provided.

  The above-mentioned UMD1.5 is similar in that it has a BCA in which the UID is recorded on the innermost circumference, but P-TOC is recorded in the lead-in area instead of P-TOP. P-TOC is a pit area by embossed pits, and the basic area position and the like are managed.

  Next, the format of the UID will be described. FIG. 13 is a diagram illustrating a format of a UID. As shown in FIG. 13, the UID has a sync area in the first column and a data area in the second column. In the sync area, a 1-byte synchronization signal is recorded, and in the data area, 4-byte data is recorded in each row. In the data area, the first line is the preamble (pre-amble), the next 4 × n lines (1 ≦ n ≦ 12) is the information area, the next four lines are the ECC area, and the last one is the portamble. It has become. The sync area also has a synchronization signal in the next row after the last row in the data area.

  FIGS. 14A to 14C are a diagram showing a UID record block, a diagram showing a format of a UID code, and a diagram schematically showing an arrangement order of the UID record blocks.

In FIG. 14A, the RBP relative position (Relative byte position) RBP corresponds to I _{0 to} I _16n-5 shown in FIG. That _is, the _{RBP0 (I 0) ~RBP1 (I} 1), is recorded UID code each 1 byte, the RBP2 _{(I 2),} the version number is recorded in one byte, the RBP3 _{(I 3)} is The data length is recorded in 1 byte, and record data is recorded in RBP (I ₄ ) to RBP _{4 m + 3} (I _{4m + 3} ).

  As shown in FIG. 14B, the UID code is composed of a 4-bit disc type ID (Disc Type ID) set according to the disc type and an application-specific UID (Application UID). Further, as shown in FIG. 14C, these record blocks RB are arranged for each application UID, for example, in ascending order of application UID.

FIG. 15 is a block diagram showing an example of the UID decoder (UID detection circuit) 420 shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 15, the UID decoder 420 includes a high pass filter (1 ^st order High pass filter) 301 to which the MO signal from the RF amplifier 404 is input and a low pass filter (1 ^st order Low pass filter) to which this output is supplied. ) 302, a peak hold circuit 303 with a time constant τ = 1 ms, a bottom hold circuit 304 with a time constant τ = 1 ms, and a peak hold circuit 303 and a bottom hold, respectively, for detecting the peak position and bottom position of the output signal of the low-pass filter 302 A resistor 305a and 305b for adding a resistor R to the output of the circuit 304; a comparator 306 for comparing a value obtained by adding the outputs of the peak hold circuit 303 and the bottom hold circuit 304 with the output signal from the low-pass filter 302; Have

  That is, the MO signal from which the UID has been read is 1/2 of the difference between the peak position detected by the peak hold circuit 303 and the bottom position detected by the bottom hold circuit 304, that is, 1 of the amplitude difference of the MO signal. A comparator 306 having a threshold of / 2 is binarized by being compared with the output of the low-pass filter 102.

  Further, the so-called cutoff frequency (turnover frequency) fc (−3 dB) of the high-pass filter 301 and the low-pass filter 302 in the UID decoder 420 can be set to 1 KHz and 5 MHz, respectively.

  Next, a method for reading such a UID will be described. FIG. 16 is a flowchart showing a processing procedure performed by the system controller 414 of the recording / reproducing apparatus when reading the UID.

  First, in step S31, the optical pickup 402 is moved to the inner periphery of the disc. Since the ADIP address is formed up to the PDPT, it can be accessed by the address. Thereafter, the optical head 402 reaches the UID recording area by further shaking the optical head 402 to the inner circumference. Here, a detection switch may be provided to mechanically detect the arrival of the optical head 402 in the UID recording area.

  In step S32, the ADFG signal read from the RF amplifier 404 to the UID decoder 420 is switched from push-pull to RF signal. The ADFG signal is a comparator output of an ADIP wobble signal. The wobble is detected from the push-pull signal, but since the UID is written in MO, the ADFG signal may be detected as the RF signal when reading the UID.

  In step S33, the UID decoder 420 reads out the BCH information and code and stores them in the memory. If all the BCHs are OK and the EDC is OK in step S34, the reading is finished and the process ends. In step S34, if there is an error and it is determined NO, the process proceeds to step S35, and erasure correction is performed using the flag of the BCH information stored in the memory in step S33.

  Next, if EDC is normal and OK in step S36, reading of the UID is completed, and if EDC is not normal, the process proceeds to step S37 to move the pickup a little and retry.

(5) Another Example of Recording / Reproducing Device Next, a recording / reproducing device that can handle both a conventional MD (first generation) and a next-generation MD will be described. Here, the next generation MD1 and the next generation MD2 are also called UMD or HiMD1,3. In addition, similar to the next-generation MDs 1 and 2, there is a so-called UMD1.5 (hereinafter referred to as the next-generation MD 1.5) as a next-generation MD that has been increased in density in accordance with the MD method. The next generation MD1.5 has U-TOC and P-TOC, and is described as “UMD” or the like in the U-TOC, and “1.5” is described in the mirror area BCA as in the next generation MD2. . Here, as described above, this next-generation MD1.5 can also be suitably used as the medium having the UID described in the copyright holder determination system in the present embodiment. The recording / reproducing apparatus described below is a recording and generating apparatus that can handle all of the first generation MD and the next generation MD.

  FIG. 17 shows a configuration of a recording / reproducing apparatus 11 for recording / reproducing a conventional MD (first generation MD), a next generation MD1, and a next generation MD2. The recording / reproducing apparatus 11 discriminates between the next generation MD1, 1.5, and 2 types. Further, the first generation MD and the next generation MD2 may be distinguished.

  The recording / reproducing apparatus 11 is configured to execute EFM modulation and ACIRC encoding for recording the first generation MD, particularly as a recording processing system, in order to record and reproduce the first generation MD, the next generation MD1, and the next generation MD2. And a configuration for executing RLL (1-7) PP modulation / RS-LDC encoding for the recording of the next generation MD1 and the next generation MD2. In addition, the playback processing system is configured to execute EFM demodulation and ACIRC decoding for playback of the first generation MD, and PR (1, 2, 1) ML, PR (1) for playback of the next generation MD1 and next generation MD2. , -1) It is characteristic that it has a configuration for executing RLL (1-7) demodulation and RS-LDC decoding based on data detection using ML and Viterbi decoding.

  The recording / reproducing apparatus 11 rotationally drives the loaded disk 90 by the spindle motor 21 by the CLV method or the ZCAV method. At the time of recording and reproduction, laser light is irradiated from the optical head 22 to the disk 90.

  The optical head 22 performs a high level laser output for heating the recording track to the Curie temperature during recording, and a relatively low level laser output for detecting data from reflected light by the magnetic Kerr effect during reproduction. Do. For this reason, the optical head 22 is equipped with a laser diode as a laser output means, an optical system including a polarization beam splitter, an objective lens, and the like, and a detector for detecting reflected light. The objective lens provided in the optical head 22 is held so as to be displaceable in the radial direction of the disk and in the direction of contacting and separating from the disk by, for example, a biaxial mechanism. The optical head 22 is provided with a photodetector PD for supplying a light reception signal A and a light reception signal B to a built-in disk discrimination device. Further, the objective lens or the entire optical head 22 is moved from the inner periphery to the outer periphery at a constant speed, which is necessary to determine the traveling direction when disc is discriminated. The received light signals A and B can be detected at a speed that overcomes the amount of movement due to eccentricity.

  In this specific example, in order to obtain the maximum reproduction characteristics for the first generation MD, the next generation MD1, and the next generation MD2 having different physical specifications on the medium surface, Is provided with a phase compensation plate. This phase compensator can optimize the bit error rate during reading.

  A magnetic head 23 is disposed at a position facing the optical head 22 across the disk 90. The magnetic head 23 applies a magnetic field modulated by the recording data to the disk 90. Although not shown, a sled motor and a sled mechanism are provided for moving the entire optical head 22 and the magnetic head 23 in the disk radial direction. The sled motor and sled mechanism move the optical head 22 from the inner circumference to the outer circumference when the built-in disc discrimination device discriminates the disc.

  The recording / reproducing apparatus 11 includes a recording processing system, a reproducing processing system, a servo system, and the like in addition to a recording / reproducing head system using the optical head 22 and the magnetic head 23 and a disk rotation driving system using the spindle motor 21. The recording processing system includes a part for performing EFM modulation and ACIRC encoding at the time of recording on the first generation MD, and a part for performing RLL (1-7) PP modulation and RS-LDC encoding at the time of recording on the next generation MD1 and next generation MD2. Is provided.

  In addition, as a reproduction processing system, a part that performs demodulation and ACIRC decoding corresponding to EFM modulation at the time of reproduction of the first generation MD, and RLL (1-7) PP modulation at the time of reproduction of the next generation MD1 and the next generation MD2 A part for performing demodulation (RLL (1-7) demodulation based on data detection using PR (1, 2, 1) ML and Viterbi decoding) and RS-LDC decoding is provided.

  Information detected as reflected light by the laser irradiation of the optical head 22 on the disk 90 (photocurrent obtained by detecting the laser reflected light with a photodetector) is supplied to the RF amplifier 24. The RF amplifier 24 performs current-voltage conversion, amplification, matrix calculation, and the like on the input detection information, and performs reproduction RF signal, tracking error signal TE, focus error signal FE, groove information (on the disc 90) as reproduction information. (ADIP information recorded by track wobbling) and the like are extracted.

  The RF amplifier 24 incorporates a tracking error signal calculator, a pull-in signal calculator, a comparator, and a comparator that constitute a disk discrimination device.

  During reproduction of the first generation MD, the reproduced RF signal obtained by the RF amplifier is processed by the EFM demodulator 27 and the ACIRC decoder 28 via the comparator 25 and the PLL circuit 26. The reproduced RF signal is binarized by the EFM demodulator 27 to form an EFM signal sequence, EFM demodulated, and further subjected to error correction and deinterleave processing by the ACIRC decoder 28. If it is audio data, it will be in the state of ATRAC compression data at this time. At this time, the first generation MD signal side of the selector 29 is selected, and the demodulated ATRAC compressed data is output to the data buffer 30 as reproduction data from the disc 90. In this case, the compressed data is supplied to an audio processing unit (not shown).

  On the other hand, at the time of reproduction of the next generation MD1 or the next generation MD2, the reproduction RF signal obtained by the RF amplifier passes through the A / D conversion circuit 31, the equalizer 32, the PLL circuit 33, and the PRML circuit 34 to RLL (1-7 The signal is processed by the PP demodulator 35 and the RS-LDC decoder 36. The reproduction RF signal is obtained by the RLL (1-7) PP demodulator 35 by obtaining reproduction data as an RLL (1-7) code string by data detection using PR (1, 2, 1) ML and Viterbi decoding. The RLL (1-7) demodulation process is performed on the RLL (1-7) code string. Further, the RS-LDC decoder 36 performs error correction and deinterleave processing.

  In this case, the selector 29 selects the next generation MD1 or next generation MD2 side, and the demodulated data is output to the data buffer 30 as reproduction data from the disk 90. At this time, the demodulated data is supplied to a memory transfer controller (not shown).

  The tracking error signal TE and the focus error signal FE output from the RF amplifier 24 are supplied to the servo circuit 37, and the groove information is read out from the ADIP decoder 38 to the ADIP decoder 38 for the next generation MD1.5 and the next generation MD2. The MO signal is supplied to the UID decoder 50.

  The ADIP decoder (demodulating unit) 38 limits the band of the groove information by a bandpass filter and extracts a wobble component, and then performs FM demodulation and biphase demodulation to extract an ADIP address. The extracted ADIP address, which is absolute address information on the disc, is passed through the MD address decoder 39 in the case of the first generation MD and the next generation MD1, and the next generation MD2 address in the case of the next generation MD2. The data is supplied to the system controller 41 via the decoder 40.

  As described above, the UID decoder 50 supplies the UID information obtained by decoding the MO signal to the system controller 41.

  The system controller 41 executes a predetermined control process based on each ADIP address. The groove information is returned to the servo circuit 37 for spindle servo control.

  Further, the system controller 41 has a function of a D flip-flop discriminating circuit constituting the disc discriminating device. Then, the system controller 41 determines the type of the MD based on the determination result of the D flip-flop determination circuit.

  The servo circuit 37, for example, based on an error signal obtained by integrating the phase error with the reproduction clock (PLL clock at the time of decoding) with respect to the groove information, the spindle error for the CLV servo control and the ZCAV servo control described above. Generate a signal.

  Further, the servo circuit 37 receives various servo control signals based on the spindle error signal, the tracking error signal and the focus error signal supplied from the RF amplifier 24 as described above, or the track jump command and access command from the system controller 41. (Tracking control signal, focus control signal, thread control signal, spindle control signal, etc.) are generated and output to the motor driver 42. That is, various servo control signals are generated by performing necessary processing such as phase compensation processing, gain processing, and target value setting processing on the servo error signal and command.

  The motor driver 42 generates a predetermined servo drive signal based on the servo control signal supplied from the servo circuit 37. The servo drive signal here includes a biaxial drive signal (two types of focus direction and tracking direction) for driving the biaxial mechanism, a sled motor drive signal for driving the sled mechanism, and a spindle motor drive signal for driving the spindle motor 21. It becomes. By such servo drive signals, focus control and tracking control for the disk 90 and CLV control or ZCAV control for the spindle motor 21 are performed.

  When discriminating the magneto-optical disc, the disc discriminating device controls the servo circuit 37 and the motor driver 42 with the system controller 41 to turn on the focus of the laser beam by the objective lens of the optical head 22. The tracking servo is not applied. As for the sled servo, the optical head 22 is moved at a speed from the inner periphery to the outer periphery.

  When a recording operation is performed on the disk 90, normal ATRAC compressed data from an audio processing unit that processes high-density data or audio data is supplied from a memory transfer controller (not shown).

  At the time of recording for the first generation MD, the selector 43 is connected to the first generation MD side, and the ACIRC encoder 44 and the EFM modulation unit 45 function. In this case, if it is an audio signal, the compressed data from the audio processing unit 19 to be described later is subjected to interleaving and error correction code addition by the ACIRC encoder 44 and then EFM modulated by the EFM modulation unit 45. The EFM modulation data is supplied to the magnetic head driver 46 via the selector 43, and the magnetic head 23 applies a magnetic field based on the EFM modulation data to the disk 90 to record the modulated data.

  At the time of recording on the next generation MD1 and the next generation MD2, the selector 43 is connected to the next generation MD1 / next generation MD2 side, and the RS-LCD encoder 47 and the RLL (1-7) PP modulation section 48 function. In this case, the high-density data sent from the memory transfer controller that controls transmission / reception of reproduction data and recording data is subjected to interleaving and RS-LDC error correction code addition by the RS-LCD encoder 47, and then RLL ( 1-7) RLL (1-7) modulation is performed by the PP modulator 48.

  The recording data modulated into the RLL (1-7) code string is supplied to the magnetic head driver 46 via the selector 43, and the magnetic head 23 applies the magnetic field to the disk 90 based on the modulation data. Is recorded.

  The laser driver / APC 49 causes the laser diode to perform a laser emission operation during reproduction and recording as described above, but also performs a so-called APC (Automatic Laser Power Control) operation. Specifically, although not shown, a detector for laser power monitoring is provided in the optical head 22, and this monitor signal is fed back to the laser driver / APC 49. The laser driver / APC 49 compares the current laser power obtained as the monitor signal with a preset laser power and reflects the error in the laser drive signal, thereby outputting the laser power output from the laser diode. Is controlled to be stabilized at the set value. Here, as the laser power, values as the reproduction laser power and the recording laser power are set by the system controller 41 in a register in the laser driver / APC 49.

  Based on an instruction from the outside, the system controller 41 controls each component so that the above operations (access, various servos, data writing, and data reading) are executed. In addition, each part enclosed with the dashed-dotted line in FIG. 17 can also be comprised as a circuit of 1 chip | tip.

  There are various disc type discriminating methods such as disc reflectivity, phase difference due to groove depth, U-TOC content, P-TOC content, ADIP address structure, and BCA discriminating elements. There are methods to show.

  Both the first generation MD and the next generation MD1 have P-TOC and U-TOP as the lead-in area from the inner periphery side. In the P-TOC, the basic area position and the like are managed, and the data area The track to be recorded is managed by the U-TOC. Here, the ASCII code such as “MINI” is recorded in the U-TOC area in the first generation MD, and the UMD or the like is recorded in the U-TOC area in the next generation MD1, so that A determination can be made.

  Further, the next generation MD1.5 described above has a mirror area BCA on the inner periphery of the lead-in area composed of P-TOC and U-TOC, like the next generation MD2. In these mirror areas BCA, information as to whether it is the next generation MD1.5 or the next generation MD2 is recorded, so that the disc type can be determined.

  Further, unlike the next generation MD1.5, the next generation MD2 records management information called P-TOP instead of P-TOC and U-TOC in the lead-in area. Therefore, for example, the disc type of the next generation MD1.5 and the next generation MD2 can be determined based on whether or not the U-TOC exists.

It is a block diagram which shows typically the content identification system (copyright holder determination system) which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a block diagram which shows an example of the watermark encoder in the said copyright determination system. It is a block diagram which shows an example of the decoder of the watermark which decodes the information of the watermark inserted by the said watermark encoder. It is a flowchart which shows the processing method in the recording device of the said copyright determination system. It is a flowchart which shows the processing method in the copyright determination apparatus of the said copyright determination system. It is a figure which shows the specific example of the magneto-optical disc which can be used suitably for this Embodiment by which the UID recording area was provided in the mirror part. It is a figure which shows zone division of the said magneto-optical disc. It is a figure which shows roughly the wave number of the wobble within the zone of the said magneto-optical disc. It is a figure which shows a mode that the wave number of the wobble between adjacent tracks in the said magneto-optical disk was made the same. It is a block diagram of the recording / reproducing apparatus which records / reproduces an information signal with respect to next generation MD2. It is a block diagram which shows the detailed structure of the ADIP decoder in the said recording / reproducing apparatus. It is a figure which shows the data format of next generation MD2. It is a figure which shows the format of UID in the said next generation MD2. (A) thru | or (c) is a figure which each shows a UID record block, a figure which shows the format of a UID code | cord | chord, and a figure which shows the arrangement | sequence order of a UID record block typically. It is a block diagram which shows an example of a UID decoder (UID detection circuit). It is a flowchart which shows the process sequence in the optical disk recording / reproducing apparatus side when reading the said UID. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the recording / reproducing apparatus for recording / reproducing a minidisc (1st generation MD), next generation MD1, and next generation MD2.

Explanation of symbols

101 copyright holder determination system, 102 recording device, 103 copyright holder determination device, 111 storage unit, 112, 136 disc, 113 watermark encoder, 114 recording unit, 115 imaging device, 116 recording area, 117, 134 UID storage unit 131 watermark decoder, 132 copyright holder determination unit, 133 disc, 135 recording device, 136 storage unit

Claims (6)

In a content identification method for identifying content to which unique identification information is added,
The medium identification information is read from a storage means storing unique apparatus identification information for identifying the apparatus itself and a recording medium recorded with unique medium identification information for identifying the recording medium itself, and the apparatus identification is read from the storage means. A reading means for reading information; an additional information adding means for embedding additional information obtained by encrypting one of the medium identification information and the apparatus identification information with the encryption key and the other of the content identification information; A content generation step of embedding the additional information as the unique identification information in the content by an information processing apparatus having a recording unit for recording the content to which the additional information is added;
Content to be identified, medium identification information unique to the recording medium itself, and device identification information unique to the information processing apparatus itself that records data on the recording medium are input to the identification information extraction means , and the identification information extraction means but using either the unique device identification information unique medium identification information and said information processing apparatus itself to said recording medium itself, and decodes the additional information added to the target content, the target content Additional information extraction step of extracting the medium identification information and the device identification information as the unique identification information from,
Whether the identification information determination means matches the identification information unique to the recording medium itself and the device identification information unique to the information processing device itself with the medium identification information and device identification information extracted in the additional information extraction step. A content identification method comprising: an identification information determination step of determining whether or not. A content identification system for identifying content to which unique identification information is added,
An information processing apparatus for recording content;
A content identification device for identifying content to which unique identification information is added,
The information processing apparatus
Storage means for storing unique device identification information for identifying the device itself;
Reading means for reading the medium identification information from a recording medium in which unique medium identification information for identifying the recording medium itself is recorded, and reading the device identification information from the storage means;
Additional information adding means for embedding additional information in which either one of the medium identification information and the device identification information is an encryption key and the other is encrypted for the content;
Recording means for recording the content with the additional information added thereto in a data recording area;
The content identification device is
The content to be identified, the medium identification information unique to the recording medium itself, and the device identification information unique to the information processing apparatus itself for recording data on the recording medium are input, and the medium identification information unique to the recording medium itself and using either the unique device identification information to the information processing apparatus itself, it decodes the additional information added to the target content, and medium identification information as the unique identification information from the target content Identification information extraction means for extracting device identification information;
Identification for determining whether the medium identification information unique to the recording medium itself and the device identification information unique to the information processing apparatus itself match the medium identification information and the apparatus identification information extracted by the identification information extracting means. A content identification system comprising: information determination means. The recording medium has a first area in which a track on which data is recorded is formed, and a second area provided on the inner peripheral side from the first area,
The content identification system according to claim 2, wherein the medium identification information is recorded radially in the second area. Having imaging means;
The content identification system according to claim 2, wherein the content is video data imaged by the imaging means. Have recording means,
The content identification system according to claim 2, wherein the content is audio data input by the recording means. Having communication means with external equipment,
The content identification system according to claim 2, wherein the content is input via the communication means and is at least one of the image captured by the imaging device and the content recorded by the recording device.

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