JP4475017B2 - Elevator hoisting machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an elevator hoisting machine.

  In a conventional elevator hoisting machine, a driving device such as a motor and a sheave that transmits driving force to a rope are arranged side by side on the same axis, and further a braking device that is arranged on the sheave and includes a brake disk or the like is arranged. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1). Conventionally, when a large external force such as an earthquake is applied to the rope wrapped around the sheave, the rope is prevented from coming off from the groove on the outer peripheral surface of the sheave with a predetermined distance from the rope to prevent the flat plate from coming off. A mechanism is provided separately.

  Also, in a hoisting machine composed of a driving device, a sheave, and a braking device, a drum type braking device is disposed on the inner ring side of the rotor of the rotating electrical machine in order to shorten the axial dimension. (For example, refer to Patent Document 2).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-230593 (2nd page, FIG. 5) Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2003-201081 (pages 1-6, FIGS. 1-4)

  In Patent Documents 1 and 2, since the components of the hoisting machine are arranged side by side in the axial direction, the overall size in the axial direction is large, and a large space is required for incorporation into the elevator hoistway. . Also, there is a problem that the number of parts is increased by that amount to prevent the rope from slipping off and the apparatus itself is structurally complicated.

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and reduces the size in the axial direction when constructing a hoisting machine composed of a driving device, a sheave, and a braking device, while detaching a dedicated rope. An object of the present invention is to obtain an elevator hoisting machine that does not require a stopping member.

  The invention relates to a sheave that is driven by a rotating electric machine and wrapped around an elevator car lifting rope on the outer peripheral surface, and has at least an outer peripheral edge extending outwardly from the outer peripheral surface of the sheave fixed to both side surfaces of the sheave. A pair of brake discs, and a braking portion disposed between the pair of brake discs and having a pair of brake shoes pressed against the inner surface of the brake disc, wherein the braking portion comprises the brake A predetermined gap is always maintained between the inner surface of the disk and the outer peripheral surface of the sheave, and the predetermined gap is made smaller than the diameter of the rope.

  The invention relates to a sheave that is driven by a rotating electric machine and wrapped around an elevator car lifting rope on the outer peripheral surface, and has at least an outer peripheral edge extending outwardly from the outer peripheral surface of the sheave fixed to both side surfaces of the sheave. A pair of brake discs, and a braking portion disposed between the pair of brake discs and having a pair of brake shoes pressed against the inner surface of the brake disc, wherein the braking portion comprises the brake Since a predetermined gap is always maintained between the inner surface of the disk and the outer peripheral surface of the sheave, and the predetermined gap is made smaller than the diameter of the rope, the axial dimension of the hoisting machine comprising the driving device, the sheave, and the braking device And an elevator hoisting machine that does not require a member for preventing the rope from slipping off can be obtained.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a side view showing a configuration of a hoistway in which an elevator hoist according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention is installed, and FIG. 2 is a top view of the hoistway.
In the hoistway 1, the car 2 moves up and down a predetermined path. Both ends of the rope 4 are fixed to rope stops 3 a and 3 b provided on the support beam 3 fixed in the hoistway 1 above the operation range of the car 2. The rope 4 is wound around the car suspension 5 disposed on the lower surface of the car 2 from the rope stopper 3 a, and is wound around the car pulley 6 fixed to the lower side of the support beam 3. It is wound around a sheave 8 which is a part of a braking device 7 constituting a hoisting machine disposed on the lower surface, wound around a counterweight pulley 9 fixed on the upper side of the support beam 3, and fixed on the upper side of the counterweight 10. It is wound around the counterweight-side suspension wheel 11 that has been made. The counterweight 10 ascends and descends in the hoistway 1 in parallel with the car 2 to balance the weight with the car 2.

  A driving device 12 made of, for example, a rotating electric machine that constitutes the hoisting machine can transmit a driving force to the sheave 8. When the sheave 8 is rotated, the rope 4 moves due to the frictional force between the sheave 8 and the rope 4. By doing so, it becomes possible to move the balance 10 and the weight 10 up and down. When the car 2 is raised, the counterweight 10 is lowered, and when the car 2 is lowered, the counterweight 10 is raised.

  The car 2 in the hoistway 1 occupies more than half of the hoistway 1 when viewed from the hoistway side of the car 2, and a counterweight 10 is arranged on the left back side when viewed from the hoistway side of the car 2. A hoisting machine is provided. The rope 4 supporting the counterweight 10 is wound on the sheave 8 of the braking device 7 on a horizontal straight line, and the drive device 12 of the hoisting machine is disposed on the right side of the sheave 8. Therefore, shortening the dimension in the rotational axis direction of the sheave 8 constituting the hoisting machine contributes to the miniaturization of the entire elevator.

FIG. 3 is a front view of the elevator hoist according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the same.
The housing 13 rotatably supports the shaft 14 on a pair of opposing support legs. The sheave 8 has a substantially cylindrical shape, and an inner diameter side thereof is fixed to the shaft 14. The pair of brake disks 15 are fixed to the sheave 8, and the braking portion 16 is slidably supported on a shaft 17 disposed in the housing 13 in parallel with the shaft 14. The shaft 17 passes through holes provided in the order of the housing 13, the slow washer 30, the braking portion 16, and the housing 13, and is fixed by bolts 29. Further, the braking portion 16 is disposed in the vicinity of the winding start portion of the rope 4 of the sheave 8 so as to face the rope.

  A driving force due to a frictional force is transmitted to the rope 4 by a groove portion formed on the outer peripheral surface of the sheave 8. In order to rotatably support the shaft 14 on the housing 13, a bearing 24 is provided between the housing 13 and the shaft 14. Although not shown, one end of the shaft 14 is connected to the drive device 12 made of a rotating electrical machine, and the rotational torque from the drive device 12 is transmitted to the shaft 14. A pair of brake discs 15 are fixed to both side portions of the sheave 8. The brake disc 15 has an outer diameter larger than the diameter of the sheave 8, and the outer peripheral edge portion of the sheave 8 is fixed to the sheave 8. It extends outward.

A brake portion 16 attached to the housing 13 is disposed between the pair of brake disks 15.
The brake portion 16 is wound around a shaft 17, an iron core 18 that is supported so as to be slidable in the axial direction of the shaft 17, and an annular recess formed on the surface of the iron core 18 facing one brake disk 15. A coil 19 that generates a magnetic field in the axial direction of the shaft 17 when current flows, a spring 20 having one end fixed to the surface of the same iron core 18, a flat iron core 21 fixed to the other end of the spring 20, A brake that generates frictional force by abutting against the inner surfaces of the pair of brake discs 15, which is fixed to the surface of the flat iron core 21 facing the brake disc 15 and the surface of the iron core 18 facing the other brake disc 15. It consists of shoes 22 and 23.

And this braking part 16 is arrange | positioned so that the iron core part may oppose the rope 4 wound around the sheave 8 by predetermined spacing. The predetermined distance is set so that the distance between the braking portion 16 and the outer peripheral surface of the sheave 8 is equal to or less than the diameter of the rope 4 in order to fulfill the function of preventing the rope 4 from coming off.
In addition, the gap between each brake disk 15 and the braking portion 16 is set to be equal to or smaller than the diameter of the rope 4 when each brake shoe is not in contact with the brake disk. Therefore, the pair of brake discs 15 and the braking portion 16 can constitute a function of a member for preventing slippage, which is necessary in the prior art.

Next, the operation of the braking unit 16 will be described.
FIG. 4 shows a state at the time of non-braking, and shows a case where a current is applied to the coil 19. A magnetic flux is generated by applying an electric current to the coil 19. At that time, since the magnetic path is composed of the iron core 18, the flat iron core 21, and the gap between them, the flat iron core 21 is attracted to the iron core 18 side against the repulsive force of the spring 20, and a pair of brakes There is a gap between the disk 15 and the brake shoes 22 and 23.

  FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the hoist corresponding to FIG. 4 and shows a state during braking. Since no current is applied to the coil 19 during braking, the spring 20 extends, and the brake shoe 22 and the brake shoe 23 are brought into pressure contact with the pair of brake discs 15 by the spring pressure.

When no current is applied to the coil 19, the flat iron core 21 is not attracted to the iron core 19, and the spring 20 extends to bring the brake shoe 23 into contact with one brake disk 15. However, since the spring 20 does not reach the natural length, the iron core 18 slidable in the axial direction of the shaft 17 is then moved in the direction of the other brake disk 15, and the brake shoe 22 fixed to the iron core 18 is braked. Abuts against the disk 15.
Even if the brake shoe 22, the brake shoe 23 and the pair of brake discs 15 come into contact with each other, the spring 20 has not yet reached the natural length, so that the brake shoes 22, 23 are pressed against the pair of brake discs 15 from the inner side. The frictional force is applied. This frictional force is approximately determined by a multiplier of the friction coefficient and the spring force when the brake shoes 22 and 23 and the brake disk 15 are brought into contact with each other. At that time, the slow washer 30 is reduced from the natural length by the movement of the iron core 18.

  Next, to release the braking state, when a current is reapplied to the coil 19, the flat iron core 21 is immediately attracted toward the iron core 18, and the brake shoe 23 is separated from one brake disc 15. Immediately after the current is applied to the motor, the slow washer 30 moves back to its natural length and moves the iron core 18 so that the brake shoe 22 on the iron core 18 side and the brake disk 15 are prevented from being dragged in contact. be able to. Even when the brake shoe 22 and the brake disc 15 are in contact with each other when the sheave 8 is rotated, the spring force does not act, so the amount of the drag is not a problem.

  As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the sheave 8 that is rotationally driven by the rotating electric machine and has the elevator car lifting rope 4 wound around the outer circumferential surface, and at least the outer peripheral edge fixed to both side surfaces of the sheave 8. A pair of brake discs 15 whose portions extend outward from the outer peripheral surface of the sheave 8, and a pair of brakes that are disposed between the pair of brake discs 15 and are pressed against the inner side surface of the brake disc 15 The brake unit 16 includes shoes 22 and 23, and the brake unit 16 always maintains a predetermined gap between the inner surface of the brake disk 15 and the outer peripheral surface of the sheave 8, and the predetermined gap is used as the diameter of the rope 4. Since it has been made smaller, the axial dimension of the hoisting machine comprising the drive device 12, the sheave 8, and the braking device can be shortened to obtain an elevator hoisting machine that does not require a slip-off preventing member. Can.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
In the second embodiment, the rotating electrical machine that constitutes a part of the drive device 12 in the first embodiment is disposed on the inner peripheral side of the sheave 8, so that the elevator can be wound further in the axial dimension. It was a machine.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of an elevator hoist according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a view corresponding to FIG. 4 of the first embodiment, and shows a non-braking state in which a current is applied to the coil 19.

A configuration different from the first embodiment will be described.
In the present embodiment, the shaft 14 is fixed to a pair of support legs of the housing 13. The sheave 8 is rotatably supported on the shaft 14, and a bearing 24 is disposed between the shaft 14 and the sheave 8 in order to support the sheave 8 so as to be rotatable.

A magnet 25 that functions as a rotor of a rotating electrical machine is disposed on the outer wall of a cylindrical recess that is formed inside the outer peripheral surface of the sheave 8 and is coaxial with the outer peripheral surface of the sheave 8. Further, a stator 26 as a stator is fixed around the shaft 14 facing the concave groove portion, and the stator 26 is formed so that a magnet 25 and a tooth 27 made of a laminated steel plate are opposed to each other with a predetermined gap. A coil 28 is wound around the teeth 27. The magnet 25 and the stator 26 can function as a rotating electric machine, and a magnetic field generated by energization of the coil 28 is attracted and repelled by the magnet 25 so that the sheave 8 fixing the magnet 25 is rotated. Torque can be transmitted.
Since the function of the driving device 12 is ensured by the rotating electrical machine constituted by the magnet 25 and the stator 26, both ends of the shaft 14 are not connected to the driving device 12. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the function as a hoisting machine is achieved even without the drive device 12 separately.
FIG. 7 shows the state of each part during braking, but the operation of the braking part 16 is the same as in the first embodiment.

  From the above, in the present embodiment, the axial dimension of the hoisting machine can be further shortened by incorporating the drive device 12 inside the sheave.

  Although the magnet 25 is used as the configuration of the rotating electrical machine, a switched reluctance motor or an induction machine may be employed as the rotating electrical machine, and in that case, the magnet 25 may be omitted.

It is a side view which shows the structure of the hoistway where the elevator hoisting machine concerning Embodiment 1 of this invention was installed. It is a top view which shows the structure of the hoistway where the elevator hoisting machine concerning Embodiment 1 of this invention was installed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a front view of an elevator hoist according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. It is sectional drawing at the time of the non-braking of the elevator hoisting machine concerning Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is sectional drawing at the time of the braking of the elevator hoisting machine concerning Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is sectional drawing at the time of the non-braking of the elevator hoisting machine concerning Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is sectional drawing at the time of braking of the elevator hoisting machine concerning Embodiment 2 of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hoistway, 2 cages, 3 support beams, 3a-3b rope stopper, 4 ropes, 5 car suspension vehicles, 6 cage side pulleys, 7 braking devices, 8 sheaves, 9 counterweight side pulleys, 10 counterweights, 11 counterweights Weight side suspension wheel, 12 Drive unit, 13 Housing, 14 shaft, 15 Brake disc, 16 Braking part, 17 shaft, 18 Iron core, 19 Coil, 20 Spring, 21 Iron core, 22 Brake shoe, 23 Brake shoe, 24 Bearing, 25 Magnets, 26 stators, 27 teeth, 28 coils, 29 bolts, 30 slow washers.

Claims (3)

A sheave that is driven by a rotating electrical machine and wrapped around an elevator car lifting rope on the outer peripheral surface, and a pair of brakes that are fixed to both side surfaces of the sheave and that have at least an outer peripheral edge extending outwardly from the outer peripheral surface of the sheave. A disc and a braking portion disposed between the pair of brake discs and having a pair of brake shoes pressed against the inner side surface of the brake disc, wherein the braking unit is an inner side surface of the brake disc An elevator hoisting machine characterized in that a predetermined gap is always maintained between the rope and the rope, and the predetermined gap is smaller than the diameter of the rope. The elevator hoisting machine according to claim 1, wherein the braking unit is disposed to face the vicinity of a winding start portion of the rope. The rotating electrical machine includes a mover provided on an outer wall portion of a cylindrical recess that is formed inside the outer peripheral surface of the sheave and is coaxial with the outer peripheral surface of the sheave, and a stator provided on the inner side of the mover. The elevator hoist according to claim 1.

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