JP4474547B2 - Permanent magnet movable electric machine - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a permanent magnet movable electric machine such as a permanent magnet rotary movable electric machine or a permanent magnet horizontal movable electric machine.

A conventional permanent magnet movable electric machine, for example, a permanent magnet rotating electric machine, includes a permanent magnet rotor 01 and a cylindrical stator 02 as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, and the permanent magnet rotor 01 rotates on a rotating shaft 06. An even number of permanent magnets 03 and 04 are arranged on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core 07 and the radially oriented arrangement (FIG. 4), that is, the magnetization directions 012 and 013 (arrows) are defined as the axial direction 07 of the rotary shaft 06. The magnetic poles are formed by being fixedly arranged alternately in the opposite axis direction 08. The cylindrical stator 02 has a stator core 011 arranged around the permanent magnet rotor 01, a tooth portion 010 provided on the inner periphery of the stator core 011, and a fixed coil 05 attached to the tooth portion 010. is there. This is a synchronous machine that generates a moving magnetic pole by passing an electric current through the fixed coil 05, and obtains rotational power by the attractive force of the moving magnetic pole by the permanent magnets 03 and 04 and the fixed coil 05. It has the feature of being able to drive.
nothing special.

According to the conventional permanent magnet rotating electrical machine described above, the arrangement of the permanent magnets is easy and the productivity can be improved. However, a high magnetic flux density is difficult to obtain and is not very effective for increasing the torque.

  In the present invention, a plurality of permanent magnets are arranged with their same magnetization directions facing each other in a relative movable direction via a gap. As a result, a strong magnetic field higher than the residual magnetization is generated in the gap. By applying this magnet arrangement in the circumferential direction of the permanent magnet rotor, a large magnet torque can be obtained, and the characteristic features thereof are as follows (1) and (2).

(1) The movable main body and the fixed main body are arranged so as to face each other and relatively movable, and an even number of first permanent magnets (10a, 10b) are arranged on one of the main bodies with the magnetization direction (12) opposite to the facing direction. In a permanent magnet movable electric machine in which the winding tooth portion (21) of the moving magnetic pole is fixedly arranged in the relative movable direction (x) facing the opposite side of the other body in a fixed direction relative to the direction. ,
The gap between the second permanent magnets (11a, 11b) at predetermined intervals is obtained by alternately reversing the magnetization direction in units of adjacent pairs (10a, 10b) of the first permanent magnets and alternately in the relative movable direction (x). (17a, 17b), and the gaps (17a, 17b) between the second permanent magnets are located on the surface in the facing direction (y) of the other main body of the first permanent magnets (10a, 10b). A permanent magnet movable electric machine characterized by being formed of the same magnetic pole of a first permanent magnet (10a, 10b) and a second permanent magnet (11a, 11b) at a central position .
(2) both side end surfaces in a direction (z) perpendicular to the relative movable direction (x) of the first permanent magnet (10a, 10b) and the facing direction (y) of the other main body; and a first permanent The relative movable direction of the pair of second permanent magnets (11a, 11b) located on the surface in the facing direction (y) of the magnet (10a, 10b) with respect to the other main body via the gap (17a, 17b) (x) and a third permanent magnet that abuts and holds the magnetic poles on both end faces in the direction (z) perpendicular to the facing direction (y) of the other main body is arranged in the relative movable direction, and the second permanent magnet The gap (17a, 17b) between the magnets (11a, 11b) is formed by the same magnetic pole of the first permanent magnet (10a, 10b), the second permanent magnet (11a, 11b), and the third permanent magnet (18a, 18b). permanent magnet movable electrical machine according to (1), characterized in that the.

The permanent magnet movable electric machine according to the present invention has the above-described configuration (1), and obtains a high magnetic flux density and greatly improves the magnet torque characteristics while suppressing an increase in the iron core volume accompanying the increase in torque.
That is, each of the second permanent magnets arranged in the direction of relative rotational movement of the surface facing the fixed body of the first electromagnet magnetic pole is arranged so that the same magnetic poles are connected to each other through an appropriate gap in the direction of relative rotational movement. By arranging the air gaps to face each other and aligning the position of the air gap with the surface center in the opposite direction of the other main body of the same magnetic pole of the first electromagnet magnetic pole, the air gap is stronger than the residual magnetization. A permanent magnet movable electric machine such as a permanent magnet rotary movable electric machine or a permanent magnet horizontal movable electric machine that can generate a magnetic field and obtain a high magnetic flux density and has a large magnet torque can be obtained.
Further, by adding the configuration of (2) to the configuration of (1) above, that is, by forming the gap with the same magnetic poles of the first permanent magnet, the second permanent magnet, and the third permanent magnet, In addition, a very high magnetic field can be generated and a high magnetic flux density can be obtained with high stability.

In the permanent magnet movable electric machine of the present invention, the movable main body refers to a rotary main body such as a permanent magnet rotor of a permanent magnet rotary movable electric machine, a permanent magnet horizontal movable electric machine such as a track traveling main body of a linear motor car facility, and the like. Means a cylindrical stator core of the permanent magnet rotating movable electric machine, a traveling track of the linear motor car facility, and the like. However, in a linear motor car facility, the reverse relationship can be established.
Therefore, the best mode as a permanent magnet rotating electric machine is as follows (3), (4), (5), (6).

(3) The movable main body is a permanent magnet rotor, the fixed main body is a cylindrical rotor core, and the permanent magnet rotor has an even number of first permanent magnets whose magnetization directions are opposite to the axial direction of the rotation axis and the opposite axis direction. In the permanent magnet rotating movable electric machine, the rotor core is composed of a cylindrical stator core having winding teeth arranged around the permanent magnet rotor. The second permanent magnets are arranged at predetermined intervals for each pair of adjacent units of the first permanent magnet and the magnetization direction is alternately arranged in the outer circumferential direction, and each gap between the second permanent magnets has a first pole of the same magnetic pole. A permanent magnet rotating electric machine at the center of the permanent magnet.

(4) The movable body is a track traveling body and the fixed body is a traveling track facing the track traveling body. The traveling track has a first permanent magnet in its longitudinal direction and its magnetization direction facing the track traveling body. In the permanent magnet traveling movable electric machine, the track traveling main body is arranged with winding teeth arranged in the traveling direction alternately and alternately on the opposite side to the side, and a pair of adjacent units of the first permanent magnet on the traveling track Permanent magnets in which the second permanent magnets are arranged at predetermined intervals by alternately reversing the magnetization direction in the orbital longitudinal direction, and the air gap of the second permanent magnet is at the center position of the first permanent magnet having the same magnetic pole. Traveling movable electric machine.

(5) The movable body is a track traveling body, the fixed body is a traveling track (粂) facing the traveling body, the winding teeth are arranged in the traveling direction on the traveling track, In a permanent magnet traveling movable electric machine in which a first permanent magnet is fixedly arranged in a direction so that its magnetization direction is alternately directed to the opposite side to the opposite side of traveling start, a pair of adjacent units of the first permanent magnet of the track traveling body Permanent magnets in which the second permanent magnets are arranged at predetermined intervals by alternately reversing the magnetization direction in the orbital longitudinal direction, and the air gap of the second permanent magnet is at the center position of the first permanent magnet having the same magnetic pole. Traveling movable electric machine.

(6) The both side end surfaces of the first permanent magnet and the both side end surface portions of the pair of second permanent magnets located on the outer surface of the first permanent magnet via the gap are in contact with each other, and the predetermined gap portion The permanent magnet movable electric machine according to any one of (3) to (5), wherein the first permanent magnet, the second permanent magnet, and the third permanent magnet are formed of the same magnetic pole.
Each permanent magnet in the present invention may be formed as a single piece or may be divided into a plurality of pieces.

One embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIGS.
This example is an example of the permanent magnet rotating movable electric machine of the embodiment (3) of the feature (1).
1 and 2, the permanent magnet rotary electric machine is formed by fixedly arranging a permanent magnet rotor 1 and a cylindrical rotor 2.
The permanent magnet rotor 1 has a rotor core 18 fixed to a rotary shaft 17 and is composed of an even number of first permanent magnets 10a and 10b and second permanent magnets 11a and 11b on the outer peripheral surface of the rotor core 18.
The even number of first permanent magnets 10a and 10b are fixedly arranged such that the magnetization direction 12 is alternately directed to the rotation axis 13 : the anti-axis direction 15, that is , the facing direction (y) of the other main body and the opposite axial direction. To do. The even number of second permanent magnets 11a, 11b are arranged in units of adjacent pairs 10a, 10b of the first permanent magnets, and the magnetization direction 16 is alternated in the circumferential direction of the first permanent magnets, that is, in the relative movable direction (x). The gap portion 17a of the second permanent magnets 11a and 11b is set to the center position of the first permanent magnet 10a having the same magnetic pole, and the gap portion 17b is set to the center position of the first permanent magnet 10b having the same magnetic pole. . Thus, the gaps (17a, 17b) between the second permanent magnets are formed by being surrounded by the same magnetic poles of the first permanent magnets (10a, 10b) and the second permanent magnets (11a, 11b).
In the rotor 2, a cylindrical stator core 22 is arranged around the permanent magnet rotor 1, teeth 21 are arranged and fixed on the inner periphery of the stator core 22, and a coil 23 is wound around the teeth 21. Is.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the relationship between the magnetic poles S and N of each permanent magnet shown in FIG.
In this way, the permanent magnet rotor 1 has three permanent magnets 10a for each pole in the circumferential direction 4, that is, in the relative movable direction (x), with respect to the magnetic poles of the first permanent magnets 10a and 10b and the second permanent magnets 11a and 11b. By alternately configuring the magnetic pole N of 11a, 11b and the magnetic pole S of 10b, 11a, 11b , and arranging the magnetic poles S, N of the permanent magnet so that the same poles face each other , that is, repel each other , Larger magnet torque can be obtained with a higher magnetic flux density than in the case of a single magnetic pole of one permanent magnet per pole in the relative movable direction (x) . Thereby, the increase in the iron core volume accompanying high torque can be suppressed small.

FIG. 4 shows Example 2 in which (6) is added to Embodiment (3) of the feature (2). In the second embodiment, third permanent magnets 18a and 18b are arranged in the first embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, and the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and detailed description thereof is omitted. To do.
As shown in the figure, the third permanent magnets 18a and 18b are a pair of both sides in the direction (z) perpendicular to the relative movable direction (x) of the first permanent magnets 10a and 10b and the facing direction (y) of the other main body. Thus, a pair of first permanent magnets 10a, 10b and a pair of first permanent magnets 10a, 10b located on the surface in the facing direction (y) of the other main body via the gaps 17a, 17b. The gap portions 17a are formed by abutting and sandwiching both end surfaces of the two permanent magnets 11a and 11b in the direction (z) perpendicular to the relative movable direction (x) and the facing direction (y) of the other main body with magnetic poles. Is surrounded by the same magnetic pole N of the first permanent magnet 10a, the second permanent magnets 11a, 11b and the third permanent magnet 18a, and the gap 17b is formed with the first permanent magnet 10b, the second permanent magnets 11a, 11b and the third permanent magnet 10a. It is enclosed by the same magnetic pole S of the permanent magnet 18b.
As a result, in each of the gaps 17a and 17b, an ultrahigh magnetic field that is further higher than that of the first embodiment can be generated, and a high magnetic flux density can be obtained with high stability.
In the figure, 19a and 19b are third permanent magnet holding rings, and 20a is a rotor core fixing ring.

Example 3 is an example in which the movable body of the permanent magnet movable electric machine is a track traveling body, the fixed body is a traveling track (粂) facing the track traveling body, and permanent magnets are arranged on the traveling track. This is an example of arranging permanent magnets, each not shown, but the arrangement of the first permanent magnets 10a and 10b and the second permanent magnet is the arrangement of the circumferential direction of the permanent magnet rotor 1 in the running direction of the running track. Or it changes to the run direction arrangement | sequence of a track running main body.

As described above, the permanent magnet movable electric machine of the present invention obtains a high magnetic flux density and greatly improves the magnet torque characteristics while suppressing an increase in the iron core volume accompanying the increase in torque. That is, the second permanent magnet disposed on a surface of the first electromagnet poles, arranged facing the same magnetic poles thereof poles through an appropriate gap portion in the relative movement direction, moreover the position of the gap portion first A second permanent magnet array is formed by concentrating on the center of the same magnetic pole of one electromagnet magnetic pole, and further, both sides of a pair of second permanent magnets forming gaps, that is, both sides in a direction perpendicular to the relative movable direction and the magnetization direction By disposing the third permanent magnet on the end face , a strong magnetic field higher than the residual magnetization can be generated in the gap portion to obtain a high magnetic flux density, and a permanent magnet rotary movable electric machine or a permanent magnet horizontal movable electric machine having a large magnet torque. The permanent magnet movable electric machine such as the above has the excellent effect that can be obtained.
1. Miniaturization of motor or reduction of heat generation from motor.
(General motors, micro-motors for watches or artificial hearts, robot actuators)
2. High-efficiency motors assuming constant speed operation (energy-saving drives for fans, pumps, machine tools, etc., air conditioner drives)
3. Small stepping motor (clock, artificial heart, instrument micromotor)
4. Large torque linear motor (Semiconductor manufacturing equipment or high-speed high-precision actuator for vacuum actuator)
5. Large capacity magnetic levitation actuator 6, low speed large torque motor 7 for DD motor, low speed large torque motor 8 for electric vehicle, small or large torque linear motor car

It is a cross-sectional explanatory drawing which shows the permanent-magnet rotary movable electric machine of Example 1 of this invention. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional explanatory view showing an excerpt of the permanent magnet rotor of FIG. 1. It is explanatory drawing which displayed the relationship of the magnetic poles S and N of each permanent magnet shown in FIG. It is a three-dimensional explanatory drawing which shows the principal part of the permanent magnet rotary movable electric machine of Example 2 of this invention. It is a cross-sectional explanatory drawing which shows the conventional permanent magnet rotation movable electric machine. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional explanatory view showing an excerpt of the permanent magnet rotor of FIG. 2.

1 Permanent magnet rotor 2 Cylindrical rotor core 4 Circumferential direction
10a, 10b 1st permanent magnet
11a, 11b Second permanent magnet
12 Magnetization direction
13 Rotating axis
14 Axial direction
15 Anti-axis direction
16 Magnetization direction
17a, 17b Cavity
18a, 18b 3rd permanent magnet
21 Winding teeth
22 Cylindrical stator core

Claims (2)

The movable body and the fixed body are placed facing each other so that they can move relative to each other, and an even number of first permanent magnets (10a, 10b) are alternately placed on one of the bodies in the direction opposite to the facing direction. In the permanent magnet movable electric machine in which the winding tooth portion (21) of the moving magnetic pole is fixedly arranged in the direction of relative movement on the other side in the direction of relative movement (x) toward the other body,
The gap between the second permanent magnets (11a, 11b) at predetermined intervals is obtained by alternately reversing the magnetization direction in units of adjacent pairs (10a, 10b) of the first permanent magnets and alternately in the relative movable direction (x). (17a, 17b), and the gaps (17a, 17b) between the second permanent magnets are located on the surface in the facing direction (y) of the other main body of the first permanent magnets (10a, 10b). A permanent magnet movable electric machine characterized by being formed of the same magnetic pole of a first permanent magnet (10a, 10b) and a second permanent magnet (11a, 11b) at a central position . Both end faces of the first permanent magnet (10a, 10b) in the direction (z) orthogonal to the relative movable direction (x) and the facing direction (y) of the other main body, and the first permanent magnet (10a, The relative movable direction (x) of the pair of second permanent magnets (11a, 11b) located on the surface in the facing direction (y) of the other body of 10b) via the gaps (17a, 17b) Arranging third permanent magnets in contact with and holding magnetic poles on both end faces in a direction (z) perpendicular to the facing direction (y) to the other main body in the relative movable direction, the second permanent magnets (11a, 11b) is formed by the same magnetic poles of the first permanent magnet (10a, 10b), the second permanent magnet (11a, 11b) and the third permanent magnet (18a, 18b). The permanent magnet movable electric machine according to claim 1.

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