JP4458238B2 - Permanent magnet synchronous linear motor - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a permanent magnet type synchronous linear motor.

Conventionally, a permanent magnet type synchronous linear motor is known as a linear motor used for table feed of a machine tool, a stepper drive mechanism, and the like. In the permanent magnet type synchronous linear motor, cogging thrust is generated by the end effect at both ends of the armature core when the armature is advanced in the longitudinal direction of the field. Since this cogging thrust affects the machining accuracy of machine tools and steppers, reducing it is a major issue for this type of linear motor.
Thus, as a cogging thrust reduction measure, an armature core with auxiliary teeth at both ends has been proposed (for example, Patent Document 1). The auxiliary teeth are teeth that are disposed at both ends of the armature core having the main teeth and the slots and are shorter than the main teeth. When the combination of the length and width of the main teeth and the auxiliary teeth is optimized, the resultant force of the cogging thrust acting on the main teeth and the cogging thrust acting on the auxiliary teeth can be reduced to zero.
International Publication No. 01/080408

However, the conventional technique has a problem that it is not easy to optimize the dimension and shape of the auxiliary teeth with respect to the dimension and shape of the main teeth. That is, in designing, the cogging thrust is minimized by using design values such as the shape and size of the main teeth, the magnetic air gap length between the field and the armature, and representative values of the magnetic characteristics of the permanent magnet used for the field. The shape and dimensions of the auxiliary teeth are determined. However, the actually manufactured motor has dimensional variations and errors when punching the armature core, gap size errors when combining the field and armature, dimensional variations when assembling the permanent magnet fixed to the field yoke, Due to errors, variations in magnetic properties of magnetic members such as armature cores, field yokes, and permanent magnets, and differences from representative values, the dimensional condition that causes the cogging thrust to become almost zero shifts, and the cogging thrust increases. This problem can be alleviated by repeated design and manufacture based on actual measurement of actual machine dimensions and evaluation of cogging thrust. However, dimensional variations and errors during assembly, variations in magnetic characteristics of magnetic members, and differences from typical values. Cannot be solved easily because they vary from one case to the next.
The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and provides a permanent magnet type synchronous linear motor capable of reducing the cogging thrust even if the actual machine shape and the actual magnetic characteristics of the magnetic member deviate from the design values. It is for the purpose.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a field yoke in which a plurality of permanent magnets constituting a field pole are arranged in a straight line so that the polarities are alternately different, a magnet array of the permanent magnets, and a magnetic array winding in the permanent magnet synchronous linear motor having an arrangement with armature to face with a gap, the armature, the armature core having a main teeth and slots, the coils into the slots of the armature core The main winding
Auxiliary teeth disposed at the end of the armature core and shorter than the main teeth,
And an auxiliary winding in which a coil is wound around the auxiliary tooth, and the main winding and the auxiliary winding are connected to different power sources.

  According to the present invention, even when the actual machine geometry and the magnetic characteristics of the magnetic member deviate from the design values and the cogging thrust becomes large, a predetermined current is supplied to the auxiliary winding based on the evaluation of the actual machine. By adjusting the electromagnetic force acting between the teeth and the field, the cogging thrust that counteracts the cogging thrust acting on the main teeth can be generated in the auxiliary teeth, and the cogging thrust can be almost zero, so a linear motor was applied. This has the effect of improving the accuracy of machine tools and the like.

  Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a side sectional view of a permanent magnet type synchronous linear motor showing an embodiment of the present invention, and shows an example of an 8-pole 9-slot motor. In the figure, 1 is a field, and 2 is an armature. The field 1 is a flat field yoke 11 in which a plurality of permanent magnets 12 are alternately arranged to have different polarities. The armature 2 is attached so as to face the magnetic pole surface of the permanent magnet 12 of the field 1 via a predetermined magnetic gap. The armature 2 is obtained by winding a main winding 22 and an auxiliary winding 23 around an armature core 21. The armature core 21 is formed by punching a magnetic steel sheet into a comb-like shape, forming a main tooth 25 that forms a slot 24, further forming auxiliary teeth 26 at both ends, and connecting the main teeth 25 and the auxiliary teeth 26 with a yoke portion 27. The connected ones are stacked and fixed. The main winding 22 is wound around the main teeth 25 and the auxiliary winding 23 is wound around the auxiliary teeth 26.

  Similarly to the prior art, the length Ht of the main teeth 25 and the length of the auxiliary teeth 26 are set so that the cogging thrust F1 acting on the main teeth 25 and the cogging thrust F2 acting on the auxiliary teeth 26 satisfy F1 + F2≈0. The length Hd is set in the range of 0 <Hd <Ht, and the teeth width Bd of the auxiliary teeth 26 and the teeth width Bt of the main teeth 25 are set in the range of Bd <Bt.

  The auxiliary winding 23 is connected to a power source different from the main winding 22 and can be controlled independently of the main winding 22. By adjusting the current supplied to the auxiliary winding 23, the electromagnetic force acting between the auxiliary tooth 26 and the field 1 is adjusted, and the force to cancel the cogging thrust F1 acting on the main tooth 25 is applied to the auxiliary tooth 26. And the cogging thrust can be made almost zero. As described above, even if the shape dimension of the auxiliary teeth 26 is determined so that the cogging thrust is minimized at the time of designing, the actually manufactured motor has a dimensional variation and error when the armature core is punched, and the field and electric machine. Error in gap dimensions when combining the elements, dimensional variations and errors when fixing and assembling the permanent magnet to the field yoke, variations in magnetic characteristics of magnetic members such as armature core, field yoke and permanent magnet, and typical values Due to a difference or the like, a dimensional condition that minimizes the cogging thrust is shifted, and the cogging thrust is increased. However, since these differences are generally small, the cogging thrust is greatly reduced even if the current flowing through the auxiliary winding 23 is small.

  In the present embodiment, the case where the slot shape is an open slot is shown, but other shapes such as a semi-open slot may be used. In addition, the field and the armature have been described by using an example in which the armature and the armature are opposed to each other. However, instead of a magnetic flux penetrating type in which two rows of fields are arranged on both sides of the armature via magnetic gaps It doesn't matter. Moreover, although the structure which arrange | positioned the auxiliary | assistant tooth | gear at the both ends of the armature core was shown, you may arrange | position an auxiliary | assistant tooth only to one side of an armature core. Alternatively, the auxiliary teeth may be separated from the armature core and screwed to the armature core so that the height and pitch of the auxiliary teeth with respect to the armature core can be freely adjusted. In the present embodiment, the field 1 is a stator, the armature 2 is a mover, and the armature 2 travels in the longitudinal direction of the field 1, but the armature 2 is fixed. The present invention can also be applied to a linear motor of a type that uses a child, the field 1 as a mover, and the field 1 travels in the longitudinal direction of the armature 2.

  The present invention is useful as a permanent magnet type synchronous linear motor.

It is a sectional side view of the permanent magnet type | mold synchronous linear motor which shows the Example of this invention.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Field, 2 Armature, 11 Field yoke 12 Permanent magnet 21 Armature core 22 Main winding, 23 Auxiliary winding, 24 slots, 25 Main teeth, 26 Auxiliary teeth

Claims (1)

A field yoke that is arranged in a straight line a plurality of permanent magnets polarity constituting the differently field pole alternately, the placed armature so as to face through the magnet array and the magnetic air gap of the permanent magnet In the provided permanent magnet type synchronous linear motor,
The armature is
An armature core having main teeth and slots;
A main winding in which a coil is wound around a slot of the armature core;
Auxiliary teeth disposed at the end of the armature core and shorter than the main teeth,
An auxiliary winding in which a coil is wound around the auxiliary teeth;
With
A permanent magnet synchronous linear motor, wherein the main winding and the auxiliary winding are connected to different power sources.

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