JP4448590B2 - All-position welding head for tube butt welding - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a butt welding of fixed tubes, and more particularly to an all-position automatic welding head that is suitable for welding with a narrow gap between an adjacent tube and a member to be welded and is suitable for one-round all-position welding.
[0002]
[Prior art]
An all-position automatic welding head consisting of a welding power source, welding head, control device, and cooling water pump, especially in an automatic TIG welding head, the welding head is clamped to a fixed tube, and a torch is inserted into the weld along the tube periphery. The welding is performed while adjusting the arc length by rotating the torch while moving the torch up and down at the same time. For this reason, a torch position adjusting mechanism is required for the welding head.
[0003]
Even when trying to apply a conventional welding head to a very narrow welded part in which the interval between adjacent tubes is 17 mm by butt welding of a fixed tube having multiple rows on a plane such as a boiler panel, As shown in FIG. 4 (showing a conventional plug-in welding head), a feed screw 28 attached in parallel with a torch up-and-down motion motor 26 attached to a rotating ring 25 is rotated, and a slide block 29 is rotated. Because the mechanism moves the torch 30 up and down (moving in and away from the tube 21), the size of the torch up-and-down mechanism 31 is larger than the adjacent tube gap and may pass through the gap. Can not.
[0004]
In the conventional cylindrical half split type welding head shown in FIG. 5, the welding head main body rotates to rotate the torch 30. For this reason, the rotation motor 32, the wire feeding motor 33, and the vertical motor 34 having a diameter larger than the gap between adjacent tubes all rotate, and therefore cannot pass through the gap and cannot be applied.
[0005]
For this reason, it is not possible to apply a full-round automatic welding head to a welded part such as a boiler panel where the gap is very narrow. An apparatus to be used (Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 3-35488) was applied, or work was performed by manual welding.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above-described half-circumferential automatic welding apparatus, it is necessary to detach the welding apparatus at least four times to perform welding at one place, and it is also necessary to move the welding head. On the other hand, in manual welding, the quality of the welded part depends on the skill of the operator, and the workability is poor, so that there are problems such as easy occurrence of welding defects such as blow holes and poor fusion. Furthermore, the welding work by manual welding requires a lot of man-hours because one person to be welded works from both sides of the boiler panel. For this reason, a one-round all-position automatic welding apparatus has been required.
[0007]
However, all-position automatic welding heads require a torch up-and-down mechanism to cope with arc length adjustment and multi-layer welding, but a compact torch and torch up-and-down mechanism that can pass through a narrow gap has not been developed. It was.
[0008]
The present invention has been made in order to solve the above-described conventional problems, and provides a small automatic welding apparatus capable of performing one-round all-position welding with a narrow gap between workpieces such as boiler panels. By applying automatic welding to the welded parts that have been constructed by conventional manual welding, the purpose is to improve product quality and stabilize the quality, and to reduce the number of welding operations.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention employs the following configuration.
[0010]
A welding head comprising a welding torch, a ring for torch rotation, a ring for torch up and down, a filler wire feeding mechanism, a welding head body, and a clamping mechanism,
The clamp mechanism is attached to the welding head body provided in the welding head, and the welding head is clamped to the welded tube by gripping the welded tube with the clamp mechanism,
Wherein the welding head body, mounted rotating motor for rotating the torch rotating ring, the vertical motion motor for rotating the torch up-down ring, feed motor for feeding a wire, a,
Furthermore, the welding head body is attached with a rotary encoder and a vertical encoder connected to the rotary motor and the vertical motor via gears, respectively.
The welding torch is provided with a non-consumable electrode that generates an arc by rotating around the welded portion of the welded tube,
It said torch rotating ring and the torch up-down ring is a pre-Symbol rotating motor and the vertical motion motor via respective rotation transmitting means as a rotation driving source is rotated controlled in any rotational speed,
The torch rotating ring and the torch up-and-down ring are arranged concentrically, and the rotation axes of both the rings are aligned with the center axis of the welded tube,
The welding torch is rotated by the torch rotating ring via a torch base, and is moved toward and away from the welded tube by the torch up and down ring,
Before Symbol the shaft with the shaft is attached to the torch block is inserted into the groove provided in the torch up and down ring, non-consumable of the welding torch by the rotational speed difference of the torch up-down ring and the torch rotation ring An all-position welding head for tube butt welding that moves an electrode in a contact / separation direction with respect to a welding location of a tube to be welded.
[0011]
In the all-position welding head for tube butt welding,
The welding head body is provided with a rotation motor for rotating the torch rotation ring, an upper / lower motor for rotating the torch up / down ring, the clamp mechanism, and a feeding motor for feeding the wire,
The torch rotation ring and the torch vertical ring are all-position welding heads for tube butt welding that rotate at an arbitrary number of rotations through respective rotation transmission means using the rotation motor and the vertical motor as rotation drive sources. .
[0012]
In the all-position welding head for tube butt welding,
A shaft is attached to the torch base and the shaft is inserted into a groove provided in the torch up-and-down ring, and the welding torch is welded to the welded tube by a difference in rotational speed between the torch rotating ring and the torch up-and-down ring. All-position welding head for tube butt welding that moves in the contact and separation direction.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An all-position automatic welding head according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, and 3. FIG. 1 is a view showing a structure of an automatic welding head capable of welding in one full-round position according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a front view and a side view showing a torch and a torch vertical mechanism of the welding head. FIG. 3 is a view showing the appearance of the welding head, the arrangement of the motor encoders, and the clamping mechanism.
[0014]
Here, 1 is a ring for rotating the torch, 2 is a ring for moving up and down the torch, 3 is a welding head body, 4 is a shaft, 5 is a motor for moving up and down the torch, 6 is a motor for rotating the torch, 7 and 8 are gears, and 9 is a torch. Rotation position detection encoder, 10 is a torch vertical ring rotation position detection encoder, 11 is a torch, 12 is a non-consumable electrode, 13 is a set screw, 14 is a torch base, 15 is a groove, 16 is a shaft, 17 is a discharge port, Reference numeral 19 denotes a clamp mechanism, 20 denotes a wire feeding mechanism, 21 denotes a tube, 22 denotes a hand knob, 23 denotes a block, and 24 denotes a screw.
[0015]
As shown in FIG. 3, the welding head in the present embodiment has a structure in which the welding head can be fixed to a welded tube 21 (abbreviated as a tube). The welding head includes a welding head body 3 (abbreviated as a body), welding. Torch 11 (abbreviated as torch), welding head clamp mechanism 19 (abbreviated as clamp mechanism), torch rotating ring 1 (abbreviated as rotating ring), torch up / down ring 2 (abbreviated as up / down ring), filler wire (wire and (Abbreviated) comprises a feeding mechanism 20, a rotary encoder 9, and a vertical encoder 10.
[0016]
The rotating ring 1 and the upper and lower rings 2 are arranged concentrically so that the rotation axes of the two rings coincide with the central axis of the tube 21.
[0017]
The welding head is clamped to the tube 21 by rotating the screw 24 by the hand knob 22 attached to the side surface of the welding head and pressing the block 23 against the tube 21.
[0018]
As shown in FIG. 1, a rotation encoder 9 and a vertical encoder 10 are attached to the body 3 via gears 8 a and 8 b on a rotary motor 6 and a vertical motor 5. The rotating ring 1 and the upper and lower rings 2 are structured to transmit the driving force of the motors 5 and 6 by gears 7a and 7b attached in parallel to the same shaft.
[0019]
The gears 7a and 7b have a structure capable of independent rotation, and the gear 7a is directly connected to the vertical motor 5 so that the vertical ring 2 can be driven. The gear 7b is directly connected to the rotation motor 6 and has a structure capable of driving the rotation ring 1. A vertical encoder 10 is attached to the gear 7a via a gear 8a, and a rotary encoder 9 is attached to the gear 7b via a gear 8b. The rotary ring 1 and the vertical ring 2 are capable of precise rotational position control. It has a possible structure.
[0020]
In this way, the body is equipped with a clamp mechanism, a torch rotation motor, a torch up / down motor, a rotation encoder, an up / down encoder, a wire feeding motor, and a wire reel. Two spur gears (referred to as gears) are attached to the shaft attached to the body, and one gear can be rotated by a rotation motor. The other gear has a structure that can be rotated by a vertical motor, as shown in FIG. 2, the shape of the torch 11 is a small arc shape, and this welding apparatus applies TIG welding. Therefore, the torch 11 is provided with a shield gas discharge port 17 around the fixed position of the non-consumable electrode 12. By attaching a gas lens 18 such as a metal mesh to the discharge port 17, the shield gas can be discharged uniformly around the arc, and a stable arc can be formed.
[0021]
Further, in order to reduce the thickness of the torch 11, the non-consumable electrode 12 is fixed from the side of the torch 11 with a set screw 13, and cooling water is used to prevent the torch 11 from being deformed or melted by the radiant heat of the arc. Is circulating.
[0022]
As shown in FIG. 2, the torch 11 is connected to the rotating ring 1 via the torch base 14 and other rotation transmitting means, so that the torch 11 is connected to the welded portion of the tube 21 by the rotation of the rotating ring 1. Rotate around to generate an arc at the weld.
[0023]
To move the torch 11 up and down, a shaft 16 is attached to an arc-shaped torch base 14 attached to the torch 11 and inserted into an arc-shaped groove 15 provided in the up-and-down ring 2.
[0024]
When the rotary ring 1 and the vertical ring 2 are rotating at the same rotational speed, the vertical position of the torch 11 does not change because the position of the shaft 16 with respect to the groove 15 of the vertical ring does not change.
[0025]
However, if the rotation speed of the upper and lower rings 2 is smaller than the rotation speed of the rotation ring 1, the shaft 16 moves to the right in the drawing in the groove 15 which is processed by being inclined. For this reason, the torch 11 moves in a direction away from the tube 21 with the attachment position of the torch base 14 as the center.
[0026]
On the contrary, if the rotation speed of the upper and lower rings 12 becomes larger than the rotation speed of the rotation ring 1, the shaft 16 moves in the groove 15 to the left with respect to the drawing. For this reason, the torch 11 moves in the direction approaching the tube 21 around the attachment position of the torch base 14.
[0027]
In the present embodiment, in the rotating ring 1 and the vertical ring 2 having the same rotational speed rotating at the welding speed, the rotational speed of the vertical ring 2 is increased or decreased without changing the rotational speed of the rotational ring 1. The torch 11 is moved up and down.
[0028]
Although this embodiment employs TIG welding, it is possible to reduce the size of the automatic welding head of another welding method such as GMA welding with the same structure.
[0029]
As described above, the embodiments of the present invention include the following configuration examples and those that exhibit functions or actions.
[0030]
In an automatic welding head that uses a clamp mechanism to hold a welding head on an object to be welded and performs one-round all-position welding while rotating the torch, the structure of the welding head is a U-shape as shown in FIG. The horseshoe-shaped rings of the rotation ring 1 and the upper and lower rings 2 are arranged concentrically around the central axis of the tube to be welded, and the two rings are structured to be able to rotate independently.
[0031]
The upper and lower rings 2 and the rotating ring 1 have three shafts 4a, 4b and 4c attached to the body 3 and two gears 7a and 7b attached to the upper and lower motors 5 and 6 respectively. By adopting such a structure, the motors 5 and 6 can be separately driven via the gears 7a and 7b.
[0032]
As shown in FIG. 2, the torch 11 has an arc shape and the non-consumable electrode 12 is fixed with a set screw 13. The torch 11 is attached to the end of the torch base 14, and the torch base 14 is configured to be movable in an arc shape around the opposite end of the torch 11 attachment side.
[0033]
An arc-shaped groove 15 is inclined and machined on the end face of the upper and lower rings 2, and a shaft 16 attached to the torch base 14 is inserted into the groove 15, and the rotational speed difference between the rotating ring 1 and the upper and lower rings 2 is different. When this occurs, the torch 11 has a structure in which the torch 11 moves in an arc around the mounting shaft of the torch base 14.
[0034]
According to the present invention, the rotation motor, the wire feeding motor, and the vertical motor can all be fixed to the body, and the torch rotating portion and the torch position adjusting portion are also welded portions having a gap of about 17 mm. It can be rotated without interfering with adjacent tubes, and automatic welding of one round of a welded portion with a narrow gap such as a tube butt welded portion of a boiler panel is possible, thereby improving quality by reducing the defect rate. In addition to eliminating variations in quality due to the skill of the operator, the number of welding operations can be reduced.
[0035]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, an automatic welding head that can be applied to a welded portion with a narrow gap can be manufactured, so that the number of welding operations can be reduced by about half compared to the conventional method, and the welded portion can be reduced. There is an effect of quality stabilization and quality improvement.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a view showing a structure of an automatic welding head capable of welding in one full-round posture according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 2A and 2B are a front view and a side view showing a torch and a torch up-and-down mechanism of the welding head according to the present embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the appearance of the welding head of the present embodiment, the arrangement of each motor encoder, and a clamping mechanism.
FIG. 4 is a front view of a conventional plug-in welding head and a schematic view showing a torch up-and-down mechanism.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a side view and a front view of a cylindrical half-type welding head.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rotating ring 2 Vertical ring 3 Body 4 Shaft 5 Vertical motor 6 Rotating motor 7, 8 Gear 9 Rotating encoder 10 Vertical encoder 11 Torch 12 Non-consumable electrode 13 Set screw 14 Torch base 15 Groove 16 Shaft 17 Discharge Exit 19 Clamp mechanism 20 Wire feed mechanism 21 Tube 22 Hand knob 23 Block 24 Screw

Claims (1)

A welding head comprising a welding torch, a ring for torch rotation, a ring for torch up and down, a filler wire feeding mechanism, a welding head body, and a clamping mechanism,
The clamp mechanism is attached to the welding head body provided in the welding head, and the welding head is clamped to the welded tube by gripping the welded tube with the clamp mechanism,
Wherein the welding head body, mounted rotating motor for rotating the torch rotating ring, the vertical motion motor for rotating the torch up-down ring, feed motor for feeding a wire, a,
Furthermore, the welding head body is attached with a rotary encoder and a vertical encoder connected to the rotary motor and the vertical motor via gears, respectively.
The welding torch is provided with a non-consumable electrode that generates an arc by rotating around the welded portion of the welded tube,
It said torch rotating ring and the torch up-down ring is a pre-Symbol rotating motor and the vertical motion motor via respective rotation transmitting means as a rotation driving source is rotated controlled in any rotational speed,
The torch rotating ring and the torch up-and-down ring are arranged concentrically, and the rotation axes of both the rings are aligned with the center axis of the welded tube,
The welding torch is rotated by the torch rotating ring via a torch base, and is moved toward and away from the welded tube by the torch up and down ring,
Before Symbol the shaft with the shaft is attached to the torch block is inserted into the groove provided in the torch up and down ring, non-consumable of the welding torch by the rotational speed difference of the torch up-down ring and the torch rotation ring An all-position welding head for tube butt welding, characterized in that the electrode is moved in the contact / separation direction with respect to the welding location of the welded tube.

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