JP4439791B2 - Plastic light weight injection material, manufacturing method thereof, and filling method thereof - Google Patents
Plastic light weight injection material, manufacturing method thereof, and filling method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4439791B2 JP4439791B2 JP2002182213A JP2002182213A JP4439791B2 JP 4439791 B2 JP4439791 B2 JP 4439791B2 JP 2002182213 A JP2002182213 A JP 2002182213A JP 2002182213 A JP2002182213 A JP 2002182213A JP 4439791 B2 JP4439791 B2 JP 4439791B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- injection material
- water
- cement
- foaming agent
- plastic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 title claims description 89
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 title claims description 89
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 84
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims description 45
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title description 11
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 title description 9
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000004088 foaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 10
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- -1 etc. Substances 0.000 description 22
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 20
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 17
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 17
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 17
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 10
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 8
- HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetradecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCO HLZKNKRTKFSKGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 6
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCO LQZZUXJYWNFBMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229940043348 myristyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 4
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 4
- POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butoxyethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCO POAOYUHQDCAZBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dodecane Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCC SNRUBQQJIBEYMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052783 alkali metal Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001204 arachidyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000005644 linolenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000005645 linoleyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000002960 margaryl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001196 nonadecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000001117 oleyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])/C([H])=C([H])\C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000002958 pentadecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 3
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000002889 tridecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000002948 undecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium chloride Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Cl-].[Cl-] TWRXJAOTZQYOKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000282320 Panthera leo Species 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propene Chemical compound CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical group [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052784 alkaline earth metal Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000001342 alkaline earth metals Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000008051 alkyl sulfates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Al](Cl)Cl VSCWAEJMTAWNJL-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229910052790 beryllium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N beryllium atom Chemical compound [Be] ATBAMAFKBVZNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011400 blast furnace cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052792 caesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N caesium atom Chemical compound [Cs] TVFDJXOCXUVLDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002734 clay mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCO MWKFXSUHUHTGQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 2
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- BTFJIXJJCSYFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N icosan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BTFJIXJJCSYFAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO GLDOVTGHNKAZLK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052705 radium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- HCWPIIXVSYCSAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N radium atom Chemical compound [Ra] HCWPIIXVSYCSAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052701 rubidium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N rubidium atom Chemical compound [Rb] IGLNJRXAVVLDKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N strontium atom Chemical compound [Sr] CIOAGBVUUVVLOB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011701 zinc Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCO OAYXUHPQHDHDDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HHAPGMVKBLELOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methylpropoxy)ethanol Chemical compound CC(C)COCCO HHAPGMVKBLELOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium cation Chemical compound [Ca+2] BHPQYMZQTOCNFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K Citrate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920000388 Polyphosphate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfobutanedioic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004996 alkyl benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000005215 alkyl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940045714 alkyl sulfonate alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000008052 alkyl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000029936 alkylation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005804 alkylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960000892 attapulgite Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001424 calcium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Al]=O.[O-][Al]=O XFWJKVMFIVXPKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007942 carboxylates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、可塑性軽量注入材及びその製造方法、並びにその充填工法に関し、特に土木構造物の空洞充填、軽量盛土及び埋立て等に用い、所望する限定的な場所に注入固化できる可塑性軽量注入材及びその製造方法、並びにその充填工法に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、トンネル等の土木構造物や埋立てや盛り土等に注入される注入材としては、セメントミルクやセメントエアミルク等のセメント系注入材が知られており、これらの注入材は、例えば空洞部等の充填を所望する箇所に注入されて、固化する。
【０００３】
しかし、注入部に注入材を導入する場合、充填しようとする箇所の空洞部に地下水や流水等の液体が存在すると、地下水や流水によって、注入した注入材が希釈化されてしまうことがある。
また、注入部を限定して注入材を区間注入する場合に、通常のセメントミルク系注入材では、かかる注入区間以外の周辺部位へ注入材の逸脱が発生してしまい、限定注入が困難である。
【０００４】
このような希釈化や周辺部への逸脱を防止するために、注入材をゲル化して、地下水や流水に希釈化されることなく、また、その形状維持性によって周辺部に逸脱することのない性状の注入材が求められており、セメントミルクやセメントエアミルク等に水ガラス系薬剤やアルミニウム塩類を添加して注入材にこのような性状を付与することが行われている。
【０００５】
上記水ガラス系薬剤を添加した注入材は、地下水や流水等の水によって水ガラスの未反応のナトリウムイオンが溶出してしまうため耐久性に劣り、また高アルカリ性となるため汚染が問題となる。
また、アルミニウム塩類を添加した注入材は、アルミニウムが高価であるため、これを添加した注入材も高価なものとなり、また未反応陰イオンが溶出してしまうため耐久性に劣り、さらに陰イオンによる地下水等の汚染が問題となる。
【０００６】
これらの問題に対して、特開平１１−３１０７７９号公報には、可塑性注入材をセメントミルク又はセメントエアミルクと、ベントナイト泥水とを攪拌混合して得られる可塑性注入材が開示されている。
また、特開２０００−５４７９４号公報には、セメント、ベントナイト及び水又はセメント、ベントナイト、水に、気泡を含有する注入材料が開示されている。
【０００７】
しかし、上記公報の注入材に用いられている可塑材であるベントナイト等の粘土鉱物は、水に対する膨潤性が高く、泥水を調製するのにかなりの水を要し、軽量材、例えば気泡や発泡ビーズ等を混入するための十分な体積が確保できないため注入材の軽量化を図ることが困難である。
【０００８】
また、上記注入材を得るためには、ベントナイト中の成分がセメントから溶出したカルシウム成分と容易に反応して膨潤しなくなることを防止するため、予めベントナイト泥水と、セメントミルクとを別個に調製して、十分にベントナイトが膨潤した後にセメントミルクと混合する製造方法により調製されており、セメントミルクとベントナイト泥水の２液を別個に製造する必要があることから、このための製造機械等の製造系列が２系列必要となり、製造コストが高価なものとなる。
【０００９】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、軽量であり、かつ耐久性に優れ、瞬時にゲル化することができ、しかも地下水や流水の影響を受けず、限定注入や水中打設が容易にできる可塑性軽量注入材を提供することである。ここで、地下水や流水に希釈化されることなく、ゲル化した凝集体の状態になり、その形状付与性に起因して、周囲への逸脱が生じがたい性状となることを、「可塑性」と称するものとする。
【００１０】
本発明の目的は、上記可塑性軽量注入材を簡便にかつ経済的に製造する可塑性軽量注入材の製造方法を提供することである。
また、本発明の他の目的は、上記可塑性軽量注入材を所望する限定場所に注入して効果的に使用できる可塑性軽量注入材の充填工法を提供することである。
【００１１】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、起泡剤液から得られた気泡を、セメントを含む硬化液と攪拌混合し、フロー値及び密度を調整することにより得られた可塑性軽量注入材が、上記目的を達成できることを見出し、本発明に到達した。
【００１２】
可塑性軽量注入材は、セメント及び混練水を含む硬化液に、界面活性剤と可塑剤とを含む起泡剤でかつ、該起泡剤中の濃度が０．００５〜１０重量％である起泡剤を発泡させて得られた気泡を、可塑性軽量注入材の容積に対して３０〜８５％の量で混合して得られたものであって、フロー値が８０〜１５０ｍｍでかつ密度が０．３〜１．２ｇ／ｃｍ３である。
また、可塑性軽量注入材は、上記可塑性軽量注入材において、起泡剤中の界面活性剤の濃度が０．０１〜４０重量％であることを特徴とする。
【００１３】
更に、可塑性軽量注入材は、上記可塑性軽量注入材において、セメント及び混練水を含む硬化液が、更に骨材を含む。
また更に、可塑性軽量注入材は、上記可塑性軽量注入材において、固体と混練水と気泡との混入割合が、体積比で１：０．４：１〜１：４：１５である。
【００１４】
請求項１記載の可塑性軽量注入材の製造方法は、セメント及び混練水を含む硬化液と、界面活性剤及び可塑剤を含む起泡剤でかつ、該起泡剤中の可塑剤は炭素数８〜２０の直鎖または分岐の飽和または不飽和の一級および二級の一価アルコールでありその濃度が０．００５〜１０重量％である起泡剤を発泡させて得られた気泡とを別個に調製し、次いで該気泡が、得られる可塑性軽量注入材の容積に対して３０〜８５％の量となるように両者を混合攪拌し、瞬時にゲル化させることにより、フロー値が８０〜１５０ｍｍでかつ密度が０．３〜１．２ｇ／ｃｍ３とすることを特徴とする。
請求項２記載の可塑性軽量注入材の製造方法は、請求項１記載の可塑性軽量注入材の製造方法において、前記硬化液は、セメントと骨材と混練水とを混合攪拌することにより製造することを特徴とする。
【００１５】
可塑性軽量注入材の充填方法は、セメント及び混練水を含む硬化液と、界面活性剤と可塑剤とを含む起泡剤でかつ、該起泡剤中の可塑剤の濃度が０．００５〜１０重量％である起泡剤を発泡させて得られた気泡とを別個に調製し、次いで該気泡が、得られる可塑性軽量注入材の容積に対して３０〜８５％の量となるように両者の混合攪拌を、注入現場箇所でおこない、瞬時にゲル化させて得られたフロー値が８０〜１５０ｍｍでかつ密度が０．３〜１．２ｇ／ｃｍ３である可塑性軽量注入材を注入箇所へ充填する。
【００１６】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に、本発明を好適例を挙げて説明するが、これらに限定されるものではない。
本発明の可塑性軽量注入材は、セメントを含む硬化液に、起泡剤液を発泡させて得られた気泡を混合することにより得られる。
即ち、本発明の可塑性軽量注入材は、セメントを含む硬化液を調製し、これとは別個に起泡剤を調製し、当該起泡剤を発泡させて気泡を得、セメントを含む硬化液と気泡とを混合して、瞬時にゲル化させるものである。
【００１７】
当該可塑性軽量注入材のフロー値は、日本道路公団規格「エアモルタル及びエアミルクの試験方法（JHSA３１３−１９９２）」のコンシステンシー試験方法のシリンダー法に準拠して測定された値であって、内径８ｃｍ、高さ８ｃｍのシリンダーに試料を入れて、引き抜き後の試料底面の直径を測定した値で表して、８０〜１５０ｍｍ、好適には８０〜１２０ｍｍ、密度が０．３〜１．２ｇ/ｃｍ３であることが、可塑性軽量注入材の注入を現場箇所でおこない、瞬時にゲル化させて、限定注入を可能とする有効な可塑性を、注入材が得るために必要である。特にフロー値が８０〜１２０ｍｍでは、可塑性注入材として最適である上、流水等が存在する場所でも材料分離性が少なく、より有効である。
【００１８】
セメントを含む硬化液とは、例えば、セメントと混練水とを混合して得られたセメントミルク、セメントと骨材と混練水とを含むことにより得られたモルタル等が挙げられ、当該硬化液中でカルシウムイオンが溶出して、その液自体で硬化性を有するものであれば、特に限定されず、任意のものが使用できる。
骨材としては、その種類についての制約は特になく、通常の砂（川砂、山砂、海砂、砕石粉末砂等で、粒径が５ｍｍ以下のもの）、混和材（高炉スラグ微粉末、フライアッシュ、シリカフューム等）石灰石、粘土鉱物（ベントナイト、カオリン、アタパルジャイト等）砕石、珪砂、軽量骨材(パーライト、シラスバルーン等)、現地発生土などが挙げられる。
従って、粘性土等の現地発生土を含む被処理土泥水の水量を調節しセメントを配合して調製して得られる流動化処理土やベントナイト泥水にセメントを配合したもの等も当該硬化液に該当する。
混練水としては、水道水、地下水、海水などが挙げることができる。
【００１９】
本発明に用いることのできるセメントとしては、普通、早強、白色、耐硫酸、中庸熱、低熱等の各種ポルトランドセメント、前記ポルトランドセメントの少なくとも１種と高炉スラグ、フライアッシュ等の少なくとも１種が混合された混合セメント、ジェットセメント、アルミナセメント等の特殊セメント、及びセメント系固化材等がある。
【００２０】
セメントを含む硬化液には、必要に応じて、各種セメント混和剤を併用することも可能である。これらのセメント混和剤は、得られる注入材の可塑性に影響を及ぼすことがないものであれば使用することができる。
具体的には、公知のセメント分散剤(リグニン系、メラミン系、ナフタリン系等)、硬化遅延剤(ポリリン酸塩、クエン酸塩等)、硬化促進剤(塩化カルシウム等)、収縮低減剤(低級アルコール等)、撥水剤(高級脂肪酸等)、急結剤(アルミン酸カルシウム等)、高炉スラグ、シリカフューム、石膏、火山灰等の種々のものを挙げることができる。
例えば、減水剤等の混和剤の添加によって、セメントを含む硬化液中の単位水量を減らすことや、含有されるセメント量の調整が可能となることにより、高強度及び軽量化の配合設定の範囲を拡大することが可能である。
【００２１】
また、本発明に用いる起泡剤は、界面活性剤と可塑剤とを含むものである。
かかる起泡剤中の可塑剤の濃度は、使用時において、０．００１〜２０重量％、好適には０．００５〜１０重量％、特に好適には０．０１〜１重量％で、界面活性剤の濃度は０．０１〜４０重量％、好適には０．１〜２０重量％、特に好適には０．５〜５重量％であることが、期待する可塑性を有する注入材が得られる点で望ましい。
ここで、使用時とは、起泡剤を調製し、得られた起泡剤を、例えば１〜２００倍に希釈して、気泡を発泡させる直前の濃度を示すものとする。
【００２２】
起泡剤に使用される界面活性剤としては、アニオン界面活性剤、両性界面活性剤、カチオン界面活性剤及び非イオン界面活性剤を用いることができ、炭化水素系界面活性剤のみならず蛋白質系界面活性剤も使用され、これらの界面活性剤の１種あるいは２種以上で使用することができる。
【００２３】
好適に使用できる界面活性剤は、アニオン界面活性剤であり、ここで、アニオン界面活性剤とは、水中で解離して生じるアニオンが水溶液の表面に吸着されて、その表面張力を低下させる作用を有するもので泡を生成するために必要な成分である。例えばRCOONa等のカルボン酸塩、ROSO3Na等の硫酸エステル塩、RSO3Na等のスルホン酸塩、ROPO(OＮa)2等のリン酸エステル塩等、公知のアニオン界面活性剤が使用できる。
具体的には、上記アニオン界面活性剤には、アルキル硫酸塩、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテル硫酸塩等のエステル塩、アルキルベンゼンスルホン酸及びその塩、アルキルスルホン酸塩、スルホコハク酸塩、Ｎ−アシルアルキルタウリン塩、アルファオレフィンスルホン酸塩等のスルホン酸塩、ポリオキシエチレンアルキルエーテルカルボン酸塩、脂肪酸塩等のカルボン酸塩等がある。
【００２４】
特に好適には、本発明における界面活性剤成分は、一般式（１）
【化１】
【化２】
【化３】
【００２５】
一般式（１）におけるＲで表わされる炭素数８〜５０の脂肪族炭化水素基は、飽和または不飽和の直鎖または分岐のアルキル基である。たとえば、オクチル基、ノニル基、デシル基、ウンデシル基、ドデシル基、トリデシル基、テトラデシル基、ペンタデシル基、ヘキサデシル基、ヘプタデシル基、オクタデシル基、ノナデシル基、エイコシル基、オレイル基、リノレイル基、リノレニル基等が挙げられる。これらのうち、炭素数８〜２０のアルキル基が起泡力の観点から好ましく、特に好ましいのはドデシル基である。
【００２６】
Ｍは水素、亜鉛または、アルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属で、たとえばリチウム、ナトリウム、カリウム、ルビジウム、セシウム、ベリリウム、マグネシウム、カルシウム、ストロンチウム、バリウム、ラジウム等が挙げられる。これらのうち、水素、亜鉛、ナトリウム、カリウム、マグネシウム、カルシウム、バリウムが好ましく、特に好ましいのは、ナトリウム、カリウム、マグネシウム、カルシウムである。
【００２７】
一般式（１）で表わされるアルキルベンゼンスルホン酸塩の製造方法は、アルキル基が分岐型のものは、例えば、プロピレンをリン酸触媒を用いて重合させプロピレンテトラマー（４量体）とした後、このテトラマーをフッ化水素、硫酸、塩化アルミニウムを触媒としてベンゼンと反応(アルキレーシヨン)させてドデシルベンゼンとし、これに接触法ＳＯ３ガスを吹き込みスルホン化する方法が採用できる。一方、アルキル基が直鎖型のものは、例えば、直鎖パラフィン塩素化物を熱分解してｎ―オレフィンと塩化水素ガスとし、ｎ―オレフィンでベンゼンをアルキル化して直鎖アルキルベンゼンとし、これに接触法ＳＯ３ガスを吹き込みスルホン化する方法が採用できる。
【００２８】
一般式（２）におけるＲ１で表わされる炭素数８〜３０の脂肪族炭化水素基は、飽和または不飽和の直鎖または分岐の炭化水素基である。たとえば、オクチル基、ノニル基、デシル基、ウンデシル基、ドデシル基、トリデシル基、テトラデシル基、ペンタデシル基、ヘキサデシル基、ヘプタデシル基、オクタデシル基、ノナデシル基、エイコシル基、オレイル基、リノレイル基、リノレニル基等が挙げられる。これらのうち、炭素数８〜２０の炭化水素基が起泡力の観点から好ましく、特に好ましいのはテトラデシル基である。
【００２９】
ｎはメチレン基の平均モル数を示し、０〜５の範囲である。付加モル数が５を超えると気泡モルタルの非吸水性や非透水性が悪くなる。
【００３０】
また、Ｚはアルカリ金属、アルカリ土類金属で、たとえばリチウム、ナトリウム、カリウム、ルビジウム、セシウム、ベリリウム、マグネシウム、カルシウム、ストロンチウム、バリウム、ラジウムおよびこれらの２種類以上の混合物が挙げられる。これらのうち、ナトリウム、カリウム、マグネシウム、カルシウム、バリウムが好ましく、特に好ましいの、ナトリウム、カリウム、カルシウムである。一般式（２）で表わされるアルファオレフィンスルホン酸塩は、アルファオレフィンのスルホン化により製造できるが、通常はアルケニルスルホン酸塩とヒドロキシアルカンスルホン酸塩の混合物として得られるため、市販品としてもこれらの混合物として入手できる。
【００３１】
一般式（３）におけるＲ２で表わされる炭素数８〜２０の脂肪族炭化水素基は、飽和または不飽和の直鎖または分岐のアルキル基である。たとえば、オクチル基、ノニル基、デシル基、ウンデシル基、ドデシル基、トリデシル基、テトラデシル基、ペンタデシル基、ヘキサデシル基、ヘプタデシル基、オクタデシル基、ノナデシル基、エイコシル基、オレイル基、リノレイル基、リノレニル基等が挙げられる。これらのうち、炭素数１０〜１６のアルキル基が好ましく、特に好ましいのはドデシル基である。炭素数８未満でも２０を超えても起泡力が低下して所望の比重の硬化体を得ることができない。なお、Ａは、水素またはメチル基である。
【００３２】
ｍはエチレンオキサイドまたはプロピレンオキサイドの平均モル数を示し、０と１の間の数、好適には０と１を含まない０〜１の間の数である。平均モル数が１以上であると気泡モルタルの非吸水性や非透水性が悪くなる。
【００３３】
Ｘはアルキル硫酸エステルの対イオンを表し、例えばアルカリ金属(リチウム、ナトリウム、カリウム等)、アンモニウム、アミンカチオン(アルキルアミン、アルカノールアミン等)およびこれらの２種類以上の混合物が挙げられる。
一般式（３）で示される化合物は炭素数８〜２０の脂肪族アルコールに必要によりアルキレンオキシドを付加し、常法により硫酸化し、アルカリ、アンモニア、アルキルアミンおよびアルカノールアミンで中和することにより得られる。
【００３４】
一方、起泡剤中に含まれる可塑剤は、炭素数８〜２０の直鎖または分岐の飽和または不飽和の一級および二級の一価アルコールである。
【００３５】
上記炭素数８〜２０の直鎖または分岐の天然または合成の飽和または不飽和の一級および二級の一価アルコールとしては、例えばオクチルアルコール、デシルアルコール、ラウリルアルコール(ドデシルアルコール)、ミリスチルアルコール、セチルアルコール、ステアリルアルコール、エイコシルアルコールおよびこれらの２種類以上の混合物が挙げられる。これらのうち、好ましいものはラウリルアルコール、ミリスチルアルコールおよびセチルアルコールである。
【００３６】
また、本発明の起泡剤には必要に応じて、水溶性無機金属塩、水溶性有機溶媒、減水剤、分散剤などを併用しても良い。特に水溶性有機溶媒は気泡を滑らかにし、セメントミルク中の粗泡の発生を抑制する作用がある。
【００３７】
水溶性無機金属塩としては、例えば、ナトリウム塩(硫酸ナトリウム、塩化ナトリウム等)、カリウム塩(硫酸カリウム、塩化カリウム等)、マグネシウム塩(硫酸マグネシウム、塩化マグネシウム等)、カルシウム塩(硫酸カルシウム、塩化カルシウム等)等で、これらの１種または２種以上の混合物が挙げられる。これらのうち、好ましいものは硫酸マグネシウムや硫酸ナトリウムである。水溶性無機金属塩の添加量は、上記界面活性剤成分と可塑剤との合計１００重量部に対して通常０〜５０重量部、好ましくは０．０１〜１０重量部である。
【００３８】
水溶性有機溶媒としては起泡性を阻害しないもの。例えばセロソルブ系溶剤（メチルセロソルブ、エチルセロソルブ、ブチルセロソルブ等）、カルビトール類(エチルカルビトール、ブチルカルビトール等)、エチレンオキシドの付加モル数が３〜１０のポリオキシエチレン低級アルキルエーテル、ジオール類(エチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコール等)およびこれらの２種類以上の混合物が挙げられる。これらのうち、好ましくはセロソルブ系溶剤およびジオール類であり、ブチルセロソルブ、イソブチルセロソルブ及び、エチレングリコール、ジエチレングリコールである。水溶性有機溶媒の添加量は、上記界面活性剤成分と可塑剤との合計１００重量部に対して通常０〜１００重量部、好ましくは５〜７０重量部である。
【００３９】
減水剤としては起泡性を阻害しないもので、例えば、ポリカルボン酸系、リグニン系、スルファミン系、ナフタレンスルホン酸系、アルキル硫酸エステル塩等が挙げられる。好ましくはボリカルボン酸系である。減水剤の添加量は、セメント１００重量部に対して通常０〜１０重量部、好ましくは０.１〜２重量部である。
【００４０】
分散剤としては起泡性を阻害しないもので、例えば、ナフタレンスルホン酸系、アルキルナフタレンスルホン酸系、ポリカルボン酸系、ポリスチレンスルホン酸系、アルキルアミン型、アルキルフェノール型等が挙げられる。好ましくはポリカルボン酸系である。分散剤の添加量は、セメント１００重量部に対して通常０〜１０重量部、好ましくは０.１〜２重量部である。
【００４１】
次いで、本発明の起泡剤を発泡させて得られた気泡を、セメント及び混練水を含有する硬化液と混合して可塑性注入材を調製するにあたり、起泡剤をあらかじめ水溶性有機溶媒等を使用して水溶液の形としていてもよく、その希釈倍率は1〜２００倍程度である。起泡剤を希釈すると否とに拘らず、発泡させる直前の可塑剤の使用時の濃度は、前述したように０．００１〜２０重量％、好適には０．００５〜１０重量％、特に好適には０．０１〜２重量％で、界面活性剤の濃度は０．０１〜４０重量％、好適には０．１〜２０重量％、特に好適には０．５〜５重量％である。
【００４２】
また、発泡倍率は、１〜２００倍、好適には１５〜１００倍とすることが、本発明の可塑性軽量注入材の可塑性を発現させるために望ましい。好適な、使用時における起泡剤中に含有される可塑剤成分濃度と発泡倍率との関係を図1に示す。
気泡を発泡させるためには、本発明の界面活性剤成分と可塑剤成分を配合して、必要に応じて、水溶性有機溶媒等を使用して水溶液の形として、発泡装置やミキサー等を用いて発泡させる通常の方法を使用することができる。
【００４３】
かかる起泡剤液により発泡された気泡を、当該気泡の混入量が本発明の可塑性軽量注入材の容積に対して、３０〜８５％、好ましくは４０〜６０％となるように混合されることが望ましい。
気泡が上記範囲より多くなると、得られる可塑性軽量注入材中のセメント量が少なくなり、硬化性が悪くなる。一方、上記範囲より小さくなると、混入した気泡が材料から分離してしまう材料分離性が生じ好ましくない。
かかる気泡の混入量は、硬化液の種類等によって、変化させることができる。
【００４４】
本発明の可塑性軽量注入材は、上記セメントを含む硬化液と、起泡剤を発泡させて得られた気泡とを別個に調製し、次いで両者を混合攪拌することにより得られ、瞬時にゲル化させる機能を有する。
このように、上記セメントを含む硬化液と気泡とを別個に調製して混合攪拌することが重要であり、このような調製方法を用いることによって、ミキサー等の製造系列を削減することが可能となり、製造コストの高騰が抑制できる。
【００４５】
このようにして得られた可塑性軽量注入材は、その中に含有される固体と混練水と気泡との混入割合が、体積比で１：０．４：１〜１：４：１５、好適には、１：０．５：１．５〜１：２．５：１５であること望ましい。
これは、セメントミルクおよびモルタルの圧送性、気泡を混合した時の注入材の良好な可塑性状等の点から好ましいからである。
【００４６】
上記本発明の可塑性軽量注入材の充填注入は、現場箇所でおこない、瞬時にゲル化させて得られた可塑性軽量注入材を所望する注入箇所へ充填することにより、耐久性に優れ、瞬時にゲル化することができ、しかも地下水や流水の影響を受けず、限定注入や水中打設が容易にできる。
【００４７】
【実施例】
本発明を次の実施例により説明するが、これらに限定されるものではない。
実施例１〜４、比較例１〜４
１）硬化液の調製
セメント(住友大阪セメント株式会社製高炉セメントＢ種 密度３.０５ｇ／ｃｍ3)、砂（密度２.６５ｇ／ｃｍ3、５ｍｍ以下に篩をかけたもの）、及び混練水とを表１に示す割合で配合して、ハンドミキサー（商品名：ＵＭ−１５、日立工機株式会社製）で2分間混練して、硬化液を調製した。
【００４８】
２）起泡剤の調製
界面活性剤成分としてアルファオレフィンスルホン酸ナトリウム（商品名；「リポランLB-440」、ライオン株式会社製）６６部と、可塑剤成分としてミリスチルアルコール（商品名；「カルコール４０」、花王株式会社製）４部とを、水溶性有機溶媒であるブチルセロソルブ２０部に溶解させて混合し、起泡剤を調製した。得られた表１に示す量の起泡剤に、希釈水を表１に示す量で配合して、２０倍に希釈し、特殊発泡機（商品名：株式会社エステック製）にて発泡倍率を２５倍にして気泡を発泡させた。
【００４９】
３）注入材の調製
上記１）で得られた硬化液に、上記２）で得られた気泡を、表１に示す気泡量となるように配合し、ハンドミキサー（商品名：ＵＭ−１５、日立工機株式会社製）を用いて攪拌混合して、それぞれ注入材を得た。
得られた各注入材中の固体：混練水：気泡の体積比は、表１に示す。
【００５０】
【試験例】
得られた注入材について、以下の試験に供した。
１）フロー値
日本道路公団規格「エアモルタル及びエアミルクの試験方法（JHSA３１３−１９９２）」のコンシステンシー試験方法のシリンダー法に準拠して、内径８ｃｍ、高さ８ｃｍのシリンダーに、上記実施例１〜４及び比較例１〜４で得られた各注入材試料を入れて、引き抜き後の試料底面の直径を測定し、その結果を表１に示す。
【００５１】
２）密度
内容量１０００ｃｍ3の計量用カップに上記実施例１〜４及び比較例１〜４で得られた各注入材を充填し、１０００ｃｍ3当りの重量を計測して、密度を測定し、その結果を表１に示す。
【００５２】
【表１】
【００５３】
実施例５〜１１、比較例５〜６
１）硬化液の調製
セメントミルクは、セメント(住友大阪セメント株式会社製高炉セメントＢ種密度３.０５ｇ／ｃｍ3)と水とを表２に示す割合で配合して、ハンドミキサー（商品名：ＵＭ−１５、日立工機株式会社製）で２分間混練して調製した。一方、モルタルは、上記セメントと砂（密度２.６５ｇ／ｃｍ3）と水とを表２に示す割合で配合して、ハンドミキサー（商品名：ＵＭ−１５、日立工機株式会社製）で2分間混練して調製した。
【００５４】
２）起泡剤の調製
界面活性剤成分としてアルファオレフィンスルホン酸ナトリウム（商品名；「リポランLB-440」、ライオン株式会社製）と、可塑剤成分としてミリスチルアルコール（商品名；「カルコール４０」、花王株式会社製）とを、発泡時の濃度がそれぞれ表３に示す濃度となるように配合し、起泡剤を調製した。特殊発泡機（株式会社エステック製）にて発泡倍率を２５倍にして気泡を発泡させた。
【００５５】
３）注入材の調製
上記１）で得られた硬化液に、上記２）で得られた気泡を、表２に示す気泡量で混入させ、ハンドミキサー（商品名：ＵＭ−１５、日立工機株式会社製）を用いて攪拌混合して、それぞれ注入材を得た。
得られた注入材（エアモルタルとエアミルク）中の固体：混練水：気泡の体積比は、表２の欄外に示す。
【００５６】
【表２】
【試験例】
得られた注入材について、以下の試験に供した。
１）フロー値
フロー値は、上記実施例１と同様にして測定し、その結果を表３に示す。
◎ ８０〜１２０ｍｍ
○ １２０超〜１４０ｍｍ
△ １４０超〜１５０ｍｍ
× １５０ｍｍ超
【００５８】
【表３】
【発明の効果】
本発明の可塑性軽量注入材は、軽量であり、かつ耐久性に優れ、瞬時にゲル化することができ、しかも地下水や流水の影響を受けず、限定注入や水中打設を容易にすることができる。
また、本発明の可塑性軽量注入材の製造方法は、上記可塑性軽量注入材を簡便にかつ経済的に製造することができる。
更に、本発明の可塑性軽量注入材の充填方法は、迅速な限定注入や水中打設を効果的に実施することができるものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の可塑性軽量注入材に含まれる可塑剤成分と発泡倍率との関係を表した図。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a plastic light weight injection material, a manufacturing method thereof, and a filling method thereof, and more particularly, to a plastic light weight injection material that can be used for filling a cavity of a civil engineering structure, light weight embankment, landfill, etc. And its manufacturing method and its filling method.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, cement-based injection materials such as cement milk and cement air milk have been known as injection materials to be injected into civil engineering structures such as tunnels, landfills, and embankments. It is injected into a place where it is desired to fill and solidifies.
[0003]
However, when an injection material is introduced into the injection part, if a liquid such as ground water or running water is present in the cavity of the portion to be filled, the injected injection material may be diluted by the ground water or running water.
In addition, when the injection material is sectionally injected with the injection portion limited, a normal cement milk-based injection material causes a deviation of the injection material to a peripheral portion other than the injection section, and thus limited injection is difficult. .
[0004]
In order to prevent such dilution and deviation to the peripheral part, the injection material is gelled and is not diluted into groundwater or running water, and it does not deviate to the peripheral part due to its shape maintenance. There is a demand for an injection material having a property, and a water glass chemical or aluminum salt is added to cement milk or cement air milk to impart such a property to the injection material.
[0005]
The injection material to which the above water glass chemical is added has poor durability because unreacted sodium ions in the water glass are eluted by water such as ground water and running water, and becomes highly alkaline, so that contamination becomes a problem.
Moreover, since the injection material to which aluminum salts are added is expensive in aluminum, the injection material to which aluminum is added is also expensive, and unreacted anions are eluted, resulting in poor durability, and further due to anions. Contamination of groundwater becomes a problem.
[0006]
To solve these problems, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-310779 discloses a plastic injection material obtained by stirring and mixing a plastic injection material with cement milk or cement air milk and bentonite mud water.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-54794 discloses an injection material containing bubbles in cement, bentonite and water or cement, bentonite and water.
[0007]
However, clay minerals such as bentonite, which is a plastic material used in the injection material of the above publication, are highly swellable with respect to water and require a considerable amount of water to prepare muddy water, such as lightweight materials such as bubbles and foam. Since a sufficient volume for mixing beads and the like cannot be secured, it is difficult to reduce the weight of the injection material.
[0008]
In addition, in order to obtain the above-mentioned injection material, bentonite mud water and cement milk are separately prepared in advance in order to prevent the components in bentonite from easily reacting with the calcium component eluted from the cement and not to swell. In addition, it is prepared by a manufacturing method in which bentonite is sufficiently swollen and then mixed with cement milk, and it is necessary to separately manufacture two liquids of cement milk and bentonite mud water. Are required, and the manufacturing cost is expensive.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is a plastic lightweight injection material that is lightweight, excellent in durability, can be instantly gelled, and is not affected by groundwater or flowing water, and can be easily injected in a limited manner or underwater. Is to provide. Here, without being diluted into groundwater or running water, it becomes a gelled aggregate state, and due to its shape imparting property, it becomes a property that hardly deviates to the surroundings, `` plasticity '' Shall be referred to as
[0010]
An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a plastic light weight injection material, which can be produced easily and economically.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a filling method for a plastic light weight injection material that can be used effectively by injecting the plastic light weight injection material into a desired limited place.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The inventors of the present invention can achieve the above-mentioned object by a plastic lightweight injection material obtained by stirring and mixing bubbles obtained from a foaming agent solution with a hardening solution containing cement and adjusting a flow value and density. And reached the present invention.
[0012]
Yes plastic lightweight injection material, a curing solution containing cement and mixing water, and a foaming agent comprising a surfactant and a plasticizer, causing the concentration in the standing foams is 0.005 wt% Bubbles obtained by foaming a foaming agent were obtained by mixing in an amount of 30 to 85% with respect to the volume of the plastic light weight injection material, and the flow value was 80 to 150 mm and the density was 0. .3~1.2g / cm Ru 3 der.
Also, plastic lightweight injection material, in the plastic lightweight injection material, the concentration of the surfactant in the foaming agent, characterized in that 0.01 to 40 wt%.
[0013]
Furthermore, plastic lightweight injection material, in the plastic lightweight injection material, curing solution containing cement and mixing water further including the aggregate.
Furthermore, thermoplastic lightweight injection material, in the plastic lightweight injection material, the mixing rate of the solid and kneading water and bubbles, in a volume ratio of 1: 0.4: 1 to 1: 4:
[0014]
The method for producing a plastic lightweight injection material according to
The method for producing a plastic light weight injection material according to
[0015]
Filling method of the variable plastic lightweight injection material, a curing solution containing cement and mixing water, and a foaming agent comprising a surfactant and a plasticizer, the concentration of plasticizer in the standing foams 0.005 The foam obtained by foaming a foaming agent of 10% by weight is prepared separately, and then both the foams are in an amount of 30 to 85% with respect to the volume of the resulting plastic lightweight injection material. Is mixed and stirred at the injection site, and a plastic light weight injection material having a flow value of 80 to 150 mm and a density of 0.3 to 1.2 g / cm 3 obtained by instantaneous gelation is supplied to the injection site. you filling.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to preferred examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
The plastic lightweight injection material of the present invention is obtained by mixing bubbles obtained by foaming a foaming agent liquid into a hardening liquid containing cement.
That is, the plastic light weight injection material of the present invention is prepared by preparing a hardening liquid containing cement, separately preparing a foaming agent, foaming the foaming agent to obtain bubbles, and a hardening liquid containing cement. Bubbles are mixed and instantly gelled.
[0017]
The flow value of the plastic light weight injection material is a value measured in accordance with the cylinder method of the consistency test method of the Japan Highway Public Corporation Standard “Test Method for Air Mortar and Air Milk (JHSA 313-1992)”, and has an inner diameter of 8 cm. The sample is put into a cylinder having a height of 8 cm, and the diameter of the bottom surface of the sample after being drawn is measured, and is expressed as 80 to 150 mm, preferably 80 to 120 mm, and the density is 0.3 to 1.2 g / cm 3. It is necessary for the injection material to obtain an effective plasticity that enables limited injection by injecting the plastic light weight injection material at the site and gelling instantaneously. In particular, when the flow value is 80 to 120 mm, it is optimal as a plastic injection material, and it is more effective because it has less material separability even in locations where running water or the like exists.
[0018]
Examples of the hardening liquid containing cement include cement milk obtained by mixing cement and kneaded water, and mortar obtained by containing cement, aggregate, and kneaded water. As long as calcium ions are eluted and the liquid itself has curability, any one can be used.
There are no particular restrictions on the type of aggregate, ordinary sand (river sand, mountain sand, sea sand, crushed stone powder, etc., particle size of 5 mm or less), admixture (blast furnace slag fine powder, fly Ash, silica fume, etc.) Limestone, clay minerals (bentonite, kaolin, attapulgite, etc.) crushed stone, quartz sand, lightweight aggregates (perlite, shirasu balloon, etc.), locally generated soil, and the like.
Therefore, fluidized soil obtained by adjusting the amount of treated mud water including locally generated soil such as cohesive soil and blending it with cement or bentonite mud blended with cement, etc. also fall under this hardening liquid. To do.
Examples of the kneaded water include tap water, groundwater, seawater and the like.
[0019]
As the cement that can be used in the present invention, various portland cements such as normal, early strength, white color, sulfuric acid resistance, moderate heat, low heat, etc., at least one of the portland cements and at least one of blast furnace slag, fly ash, etc. There are mixed cement, special cement such as jet cement, alumina cement, and cement-based solidified material.
[0020]
Various cement admixtures can be used in combination with the hardening liquid containing cement as necessary. These cement admixtures can be used as long as they do not affect the plasticity of the obtained injection material.
Specifically, known cement dispersants (lignin, melamine, naphthalene, etc.), cure retarders (polyphosphate, citrate, etc.), cure accelerators (calcium chloride, etc.), shrinkage reducing agents (lower Alcohol etc.), water repellent (higher fatty acid etc.), quick setting agent (calcium aluminate etc.), blast furnace slag, silica fume, gypsum, volcanic ash and the like.
For example, by adding an admixture such as a water reducing agent, the unit water content in the hardening liquid containing cement can be reduced, and the amount of cement contained can be adjusted. Can be expanded.
[0021]
Moreover, the foaming agent used for this invention contains surfactant and a plasticizer.
The concentration of the plasticizer in the foaming agent is 0.001 to 20% by weight, preferably 0.005 to 10% by weight, particularly preferably 0.01 to 1% by weight, in use. The concentration of the agent is 0.01 to 40% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 20% by weight, and particularly preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight, so that an injection material having the expected plasticity can be obtained. Is desirable.
Here, the term “in use” refers to a concentration immediately before foaming bubbles by preparing a foaming agent and diluting the obtained foaming agent, for example, 1 to 200 times.
[0022]
As the surfactant used in the foaming agent, anionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, cationic surfactants and nonionic surfactants can be used, and not only hydrocarbon surfactants but also protein-based surfactants. Surfactants are also used, and one or more of these surfactants can be used.
[0023]
A surfactant that can be suitably used is an anionic surfactant. Here, an anionic surfactant is an anion generated by dissociation in water and adsorbed on the surface of an aqueous solution to reduce its surface tension. It is a necessary ingredient for producing foam. For example, known anionic surfactants such as carboxylate salts such as RCOONa, sulfate ester salts such as ROSO 3 Na, sulfonate salts such as RSO 3 Na, and phosphate ester salts such as ROPO (ONa) 2 can be used.
Specifically, the anionic surfactants include alkyl sulfates, ester salts such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfates, alkylbenzene sulfonic acids and salts thereof, alkyl sulfonates, sulfosuccinates, N-acyl alkyl taurines. Salts, sulfonates such as alpha olefin sulfonates, carboxylates such as polyoxyethylene alkyl ether carboxylates and fatty acid salts.
[0024]
Particularly preferably, the surfactant component in the present invention has the general formula (1).
[Chemical 1]
[Chemical formula 2]
[Chemical 3]
[0025]
The aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 8 to 50 carbon atoms represented by R in the general formula (1) is a saturated or unsaturated linear or branched alkyl group. For example, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, nonadecyl, eicosyl, oleyl, linoleyl, linolenyl, etc. Is mentioned. Among these, an alkyl group having 8 to 20 carbon atoms is preferable from the viewpoint of foaming power, and a dodecyl group is particularly preferable.
[0026]
M is hydrogen, zinc, or an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, and examples thereof include lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, and radium. Of these, hydrogen, zinc, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, and barium are preferable, and sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium are particularly preferable.
[0027]
In the production method of the alkylbenzene sulfonate represented by the general formula (1), when the alkyl group is branched, propylene tetramer (tetramer) is obtained by polymerizing propylene using a phosphoric acid catalyst. The tetramer can be reacted with benzene (alkylation) using hydrogen fluoride, sulfuric acid, and aluminum chloride as a catalyst to form dodecylbenzene, and a contact method SO 3 gas is blown into the sulfonated method. On the other hand, when the alkyl group is linear, for example, the linear paraffin chlorinated product is thermally decomposed into n-olefin and hydrogen chloride gas, and benzene is alkylated with n-olefin to form linear alkylbenzene, which comes into contact A method of sulfonating by blowing SO 3 gas can be employed.
[0028]
The C8-30 aliphatic hydrocarbon group represented by R1 in the general formula (2) is a saturated or unsaturated linear or branched hydrocarbon group. For example, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, nonadecyl, eicosyl, oleyl, linoleyl, linolenyl, etc. Is mentioned. Among these, a hydrocarbon group having 8 to 20 carbon atoms is preferable from the viewpoint of foaming power, and a tetradecyl group is particularly preferable.
[0029]
n shows the average number of moles of a methylene group, and is the range of 0-5. If the number of added moles exceeds 5, the non-water-absorbing property or water-impermeable property of the bubble mortar becomes worse.
[0030]
Z is an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, and examples thereof include lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium, cesium, beryllium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, radium, and mixtures of two or more thereof. Of these, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, and barium are preferable, and sodium, potassium, and calcium are particularly preferable. Although the alpha olefin sulfonate represented by the general formula (2) can be produced by sulfonation of an alpha olefin, it is usually obtained as a mixture of an alkenyl sulfonate and a hydroxyalkane sulfonate. Available as a mixture.
[0031]
The C8-20 aliphatic hydrocarbon group represented by R2 in the general formula (3) is a saturated or unsaturated linear or branched alkyl group. For example, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, nonadecyl, eicosyl, oleyl, linoleyl, linolenyl, etc. Is mentioned. Of these, an alkyl group having 10 to 16 carbon atoms is preferable, and a dodecyl group is particularly preferable. If the number of carbon atoms is less than 8 or exceeds 20, the foaming power is reduced and a cured product having a desired specific gravity cannot be obtained. A is hydrogen or a methyl group.
[0032]
m represents the average number of moles of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide, and is a number between 0 and 1, preferably between 0 and 1 not including 0 and 1. When the average number of moles is 1 or more, the non-water-absorbing property or water-impermeable property of the bubble mortar is deteriorated.
[0033]
X represents a counter ion of an alkyl sulfate, and examples thereof include alkali metals (lithium, sodium, potassium, etc.), ammonium, amine cations (alkylamine, alkanolamine, etc.), and mixtures of two or more of these.
The compound represented by the general formula (3) is obtained by adding an alkylene oxide to an aliphatic alcohol having 8 to 20 carbon atoms as necessary, sulfating by a conventional method, and neutralizing with an alkali, ammonia, alkylamine and alkanolamine. It is done.
[0034]
On the other hand, the plasticizer contained in the foaming agent is a primary and secondary monohydric alcohols, linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated 8 to 20 carbon atoms.
[0035]
Examples of the linear or branched natural or synthetic primary or secondary monohydric alcohol having 8 to 20 carbon atoms include octyl alcohol, decyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol (dodecyl alcohol), myristyl alcohol, cetyl. alcohol, stearyl alcohol, eicosyl alcohol Contact and mixtures of two or more thereof. Among these, preferred are Ru Oh lauryl alcohol, myristyl alcohol and cetyl alcohol.
[0036]
Further, the foaming agent of the present invention may be used in combination with a water-soluble inorganic metal salt, a water-soluble organic solvent, a water reducing agent, a dispersing agent, and the like, if necessary. In particular, the water-soluble organic solvent has an effect of smoothing bubbles and suppressing the generation of coarse bubbles in cement milk.
[0037]
Examples of water-soluble inorganic metal salts include sodium salts (sodium sulfate, sodium chloride, etc.), potassium salts (potassium sulfate, potassium chloride, etc.), magnesium salts (magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride, etc.), calcium salts (calcium sulfate, chloride). And a mixture of two or more of them. Of these, preferred are magnesium sulfate and sodium sulfate. The addition amount of the water-soluble inorganic metal salt is usually 0 to 50 parts by weight, preferably 0.01 to 10 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight as a total of the surfactant component and the plasticizer.
[0038]
A water-soluble organic solvent that does not impair foamability. For example, cellosolve solvents (methyl cellosolve, ethyl cellosolve, butyl cellosolve, etc.), carbitols (ethyl carbitol, butyl carbitol, etc.), polyoxyethylene lower alkyl ethers with 3 to 10 additions of ethylene oxide, diols (ethylene Glycol, diethylene glycol, etc.) and mixtures of two or more thereof. Of these, cellosolve solvents and diols are preferred, and butyl cellosolve, isobutyl cellosolve, ethylene glycol, and diethylene glycol. The addition amount of the water-soluble organic solvent is usually 0 to 100 parts by weight, preferably 5 to 70 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the total of the surfactant component and the plasticizer.
[0039]
Examples of water reducing agents are those that do not inhibit foaming properties, and examples thereof include polycarboxylic acid-based, lignin-based, sulfamine-based, naphthalene sulfonic acid-based, alkyl sulfate esters and the like. Polycarboxylic acid type is preferable. The addition amount of the water reducing agent is usually 0 to 10 parts by weight, preferably 0.1 to 2 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of cement.
[0040]
The dispersant does not inhibit foaming properties, and examples thereof include naphthalene sulfonic acid type, alkyl naphthalene sulfonic acid type, polycarboxylic acid type, polystyrene sulfonic acid type, alkyl amine type, and alkyl phenol type. A polycarboxylic acid type is preferred. The amount of the dispersant added is usually 0 to 10 parts by weight, preferably 0.1 to 2 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of cement.
[0041]
Next, when the foam obtained by foaming the foaming agent of the present invention is mixed with a hardening liquid containing cement and kneaded water to prepare a plastic injection material, the foaming agent is preliminarily mixed with a water-soluble organic solvent or the like. It may be used in the form of an aqueous solution, and the dilution ratio is about 1 to 200 times. Regardless of whether or not the foaming agent is diluted, the concentration at the time of use of the plasticizer immediately before foaming is 0.001 to 20% by weight, preferably 0.005 to 10% by weight, particularly preferably as described above. The concentration of the surfactant is 0.01 to 40% by weight, preferably 0.1 to 20% by weight, particularly preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight.
[0042]
The expansion ratio is preferably 1 to 200 times, and more preferably 15 to 100 times, in order to develop the plasticity of the plastic lightweight injection material of the present invention. FIG. 1 shows a preferred relationship between the concentration of the plasticizer component contained in the foaming agent during use and the expansion ratio.
In order to foam the bubbles, the surfactant component and the plasticizer component of the present invention are blended, and if necessary, using a water-soluble organic solvent or the like as an aqueous solution form, using a foaming device or a mixer Conventional methods of foaming can be used.
[0043]
The bubbles foamed by the foaming agent liquid are mixed so that the amount of the bubbles mixed is 30 to 85%, preferably 40 to 60%, with respect to the volume of the plastic lightweight injection material of the present invention. Is desirable.
When there are more bubbles than the above range, the amount of cement in the obtained plastic light weight injection material is reduced, and the curability is deteriorated. On the other hand, if it is smaller than the above range, the material separation property that the mixed bubbles separate from the material is generated, which is not preferable.
The amount of bubbles mixed in can be changed depending on the type of the curable liquid.
[0044]
The plastic lightweight injecting material of the present invention is obtained by separately preparing a hardening liquid containing the above cement and bubbles obtained by foaming a foaming agent, and then mixing and stirring the both to instantly gel. It has a function to make it.
As described above, it is important to separately prepare and mix and stir the hardening liquid containing the cement and air bubbles, and by using such a preparation method, it is possible to reduce the manufacturing series of mixers and the like. The increase in manufacturing cost can be suppressed.
[0045]
The plastic lightweight injection material thus obtained has a mixing ratio of solid, kneaded water, and bubbles contained therein of 1: 0.4: 1 to 1: 4: 15, preferably in a volume ratio. Is preferably 1: 0.5: 1.5 to 1: 2.5: 15.
This is because it is preferable from the viewpoints of pumpability of cement milk and mortar, good plasticity of the injection material when bubbles are mixed, and the like.
[0046]
The filling and injection of the plastic light weight injection material of the present invention is performed at the site, and the plastic light weight injection material obtained by instant gelation is filled into the desired injection point, so that it has excellent durability and instantaneous gel. In addition, it is not affected by groundwater or running water, and limited injection and underwater placement can be easily performed.
[0047]
【Example】
The invention is illustrated by the following examples without however being limited thereto.
Examples 1-4, Comparative Examples 1-4
1) Preparation of hardening liquid Cement (Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co., Ltd. Blast Furnace Cement Class B density 3.05 g / cm 3 ), sand (density 2.65 g / cm 3 , sieved to 5 mm or less), and kneaded water Were mixed at a ratio shown in Table 1 and kneaded for 2 minutes with a hand mixer (trade name: UM-15, manufactured by Hitachi Koki Co., Ltd.) to prepare a curable liquid.
[0048]
2) Preparation of foaming agent 66 parts of sodium alpha olefin sulfonate (trade name; “Lipolane LB-440”, manufactured by Lion Corporation) as a surfactant component, and myristyl alcohol (trade name; “Calcor 40” as a plasticizer component) 4 parts of Kao Corporation) was dissolved in 20 parts of butyl cellosolve, which is a water-soluble organic solvent, and mixed to prepare a foaming agent. In the obtained foaming agent in the amount shown in Table 1, dilution water is blended in the amount shown in Table 1, diluted 20 times, and the foaming ratio is adjusted with a special foaming machine (trade name: manufactured by STEC Co., Ltd.). The bubbles were foamed 25 times.
[0049]
3) Preparation of injection material In the curable liquid obtained in 1) above, the bubbles obtained in 2) above were blended so as to have the amount of bubbles shown in Table 1, and a hand mixer (trade name: UM-15, The mixture was agitated and mixed using Hitachi Koki Co., Ltd. to obtain an injection material.
Table 1 shows the volume ratio of solid: kneading water: bubbles in each of the obtained injection materials.
[0050]
[Test example]
About the obtained injection material, it used for the following tests.
1) Flow value In accordance with the cylinder method of the consistency test method of the Japan Highway Public Corporation Standard “Test Method for Air Mortar and Air Milk (JHSA 313-1992)”, the above Examples 1 to 4 and each of the injection material samples obtained in Comparative Examples 1 to 4, the diameter of the bottom surface of the sample after drawing was measured, and the results are shown in Table 1.
[0051]
2) Fill each measuring material obtained in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4 into a measuring cup with a density content of 1000 cm 3 , measure the weight per 1000 cm 3 , and measure the density. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0052]
[Table 1]
[0053]
Examples 5-11, Comparative Examples 5-6
1) Preparation of hardening liquid Cement milk is a hand mixer (trade name: Trade name: Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co., Ltd., blast furnace cement B type density 3.05 g / cm 3 ) and water mixed at a ratio shown in Table 2. UM-15, manufactured by Hitachi Koki Co., Ltd.) for 2 minutes. On the other hand, the mortar is prepared by blending the cement, sand (density 2.65 g / cm 3 ) and water in the proportions shown in Table 2, and using a hand mixer (trade name: UM-15, manufactured by Hitachi Koki Co., Ltd.). It was prepared by kneading for 2 minutes.
[0054]
2) Preparation of foaming agent Sodium alpha olefin sulfonate (trade name; “Lipolane LB-440”, manufactured by Lion Corporation) as a surfactant component, and myristyl alcohol (trade name; “Calcor 40”) as a plasticizer component, Kao Co., Ltd.) were blended so that the foaming concentrations were as shown in Table 3, respectively, to prepare foaming agents. Bubbles were foamed with a special foaming machine (manufactured by STEC Co., Ltd.) with an expansion ratio of 25 times.
[0055]
3) Preparation of injection material The air bubbles obtained in 2) above were mixed with the curable liquid obtained in 1) above in the amount of air bubbles shown in Table 2, and a hand mixer (trade name: UM-15, Hitachi Koki). The mixture was stirred and mixed to obtain an injection material.
The volume ratio of solid: kneading water: bubbles in the obtained injection material (air mortar and air milk) is shown in the column of Table 2.
[0056]
[Table 2]
[Test example]
About the obtained injection material, it used for the following tests.
1) Flow value The flow value was measured in the same manner as in Example 1, and the results are shown in Table 3.
◎ 80-120mm
○ Over 120 ~ 140mm
△ 140 to 150mm
× Over 150mm 【0058】
[Table 3]
【The invention's effect】
The plastic lightweight injection material of the present invention is lightweight and excellent in durability, can be instantly gelled, and is not affected by groundwater or running water, and facilitates limited injection and underwater placement. it can.
Moreover, the manufacturing method of the plastic lightweight injection material of this invention can manufacture the said plastic lightweight injection material simply and economically.
Furthermore, the filling method of the plastic lightweight injection material of the present invention can effectively carry out rapid limited injection and underwater placing.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a relationship between a plasticizer component contained in a plastic light weight injection material of the present invention and an expansion ratio.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2002182213A JP4439791B2 (en) | 2002-06-21 | 2002-06-21 | Plastic light weight injection material, manufacturing method thereof, and filling method thereof |
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| JP2002182213A JP4439791B2 (en) | 2002-06-21 | 2002-06-21 | Plastic light weight injection material, manufacturing method thereof, and filling method thereof |
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| JP2006027584A Division JP4603989B2 (en) | 2006-02-03 | 2006-02-03 | Plastic lightweight injection material and its filling method |
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| JP4439791B2 true JP4439791B2 (en) | 2010-03-24 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012102505A (en) * | 2010-11-09 | 2012-05-31 | Haikibutsu Saishigenka Kenkyukai | Noise reduction panel structure |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2007051023A (en) * | 2005-08-18 | 2007-03-01 | Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co Ltd | Bubble-containing cement-based material and method for forming cavities using the same |
| JP4536702B2 (en) * | 2006-11-08 | 2010-09-01 | 独立行政法人農業・食品産業技術総合研究機構 | Waterway repair method |
| JP5495102B2 (en) * | 2009-09-30 | 2014-05-21 | 住友大阪セメント株式会社 | Air mortar and air milk |
| JP6048856B2 (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-12-21 | 住友大阪セメント株式会社 | Air milk, air mortar, manufacturing method thereof, and construction method using them |
| JP6078936B1 (en) * | 2016-04-12 | 2017-02-15 | 三興コロイド化学株式会社 | Foaming agent for foam mortar |
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2002
- 2002-06-21 JP JP2002182213A patent/JP4439791B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2012102505A (en) * | 2010-11-09 | 2012-05-31 | Haikibutsu Saishigenka Kenkyukai | Noise reduction panel structure |
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