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JP4431668B2 - Modular artificial bone - Google Patents

Modular artificial bone Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4431668B2
JP4431668B2 JP2000046450A JP2000046450A JP4431668B2 JP 4431668 B2 JP4431668 B2 JP 4431668B2 JP 2000046450 A JP2000046450 A JP 2000046450A JP 2000046450 A JP2000046450 A JP 2000046450A JP 4431668 B2 JP4431668 B2 JP 4431668B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
module
artificial bone
modules
bone
living
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JP2000046450A
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JP2001231797A (en
Inventor
順三 田中
正紀 菊池
俊之 生駒
邦博 太田
能周 横山
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
TAMACHI INDUSTRIES CO., LTD.
Japan Science and Technology Agency
National Institute for Materials Science
National Institute of Japan Science and Technology Agency
Original Assignee
TAMACHI INDUSTRIES CO., LTD.
Japan Science and Technology Agency
National Institute for Materials Science
National Institute of Japan Science and Technology Agency
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Publication of JP2001231797A publication Critical patent/JP2001231797A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/28Bones
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61FFILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F2/00Filters implantable into blood vessels; Prostheses, i.e. artificial substitutes or replacements for parts of the body; Appliances for connecting them with the body; Devices providing patency to, or preventing collapsing of, tubular structures of the body, e.g. stents
    • A61F2/02Prostheses implantable into the body
    • A61F2/30Joints
    • A61F2002/30001Additional features of subject-matter classified in A61F2/28, A61F2/30 and subgroups thereof

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Orthopedic Medicine & Surgery (AREA)
  • Cardiology (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Transplantation (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
  • Prostheses (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、生体において、骨の異常あるいは折損などによって、欠落した部分を補完するモジュール化人工骨に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
骨の異常あるいは折損などの場合、一般的には、異常のある部分の骨を除去し、その失った部分を、例えば、生体に適合していると言われるセラミックス、ステンレス、チタン合金、あるいはチタン合金にアパタイトをコーティングしたものなどを埋め込み、補完する。これらは人工骨と称される。
【0003】
これらの素材は加工が難しいので、各部位専用に形状をあらかじめ想定し、機械加工工場で生産される。従って、従来の人工骨は、想定した部位以外の他の部位に共用することはほとんど出来ない。
【0004】
また、手術現場では形状加工が難しいため、メーカーが需要動向を推測して予め生産した標準品の中から、適当な人工骨を大きさにより選定する。そして、該人工骨を埋め込み、周囲を同種の物質であてて補完し、ネジ、セメントなどで固定する。
【0005】
即ち、従来は、サイズを選択することしか出来ない既製品の人工骨であり、かつ、本来必要な修正をすることが難しい金属やセラミックスのような、内部が密で、剛性が生体より高い人工骨を、体内に挿入し、そのまま使いつづけることが主流である。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来抱えている問題は、これら従来の人工骨が、加工性の悪い素材であり、適切な大きさや形状への変更が難しいことにある。まして、手術現場では、従来の人工骨に対して、不具合部分の修正は不可能である。従って、生体を切開してしまってから、選定した人工骨が不適切と思われても、そのまま使用せざるを得ないことも起こり得た。
【0007】
また、従来の人工骨が、生体に対して経年的に不具合を生じることがあった。その原因としては幾つか考えられるが、大きく分けて二つにその原因を分けることが出来る。
【0008】
第一に、生体骨と人工骨とに、強度や柔軟性の差があり、外部からその近辺に力が掛かった時、不自然な力学的集中応力が掛かり、生体に負担を掛け、炎症あるいは痛みを与える可能性が有る。まして、人工骨が不適切な大きさや形状であれば、不必要な力学的集中応力が発生する心配が増大する。
【0009】
第二に、従来の人工骨の問題として、生体とのなじみの問題がある。従来の人工骨の内部は、均一で密なため、生命活動はしていない。即ち、血管あるいは各種細胞は、人工骨の内部に入ることが出来ないので、生体組織と人工骨の境界面でさまざまな問題を起こす。その対策として、実際の生体骨と似た性質を持つアパタイトを、人工骨の表面にコーティングし、生体との親和性を高める方法も取られている。しかしながら、その被覆層は薄く、血管や生体組織が被覆層の内部に入り込む状態ではないため、親和性の改善にはなっても、生体の骨組織との一体化は難しかった。
【0010】
本発明は、補完したい形状、寸法を得やすく、生体に負担が掛からず、生体の骨組織と一体化しやすい人工骨部材を提供することを目的とする。
【0011】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明のモジュール化人工骨は、生体における硬組織または軟骨組織の欠損部分に置き換える人工骨であって、複数の棒状モジュールを束ねて、一体に固定する。
【0012】
前記モジュールは、周囲に1つ以上の環状溝を備え、軸方向に対し直交方向の管状空間が形成されるとよい。
【0013】
前記モジュールの断面形状が、角を丸めた多角形であり、モジュールとモジュールの間に、軸方向の管状空間が形成されるとよい。
【0014】
少なくとも1本分のモジュール欠損部があって、該欠損部が、軸方向の管状空間であるとよい。
【0015】
前記モジュールが、生体用金属、生体活性セラミックス、生体不活性セラミックス、高分子素材、または、それらからなる群より選ばれる2種以上の複合体から作られていることが望ましい。
【0016】
生体用金属には、チタン、ステンレス、チタン合金などの腐食性のない金属が挙げられる。
【0017】
生体活性セラミックスには、HAP(ハイドロキシアパタイト)、TCP(リン酸三カルシウム)などのリン酸系素材、A−W.Glass、Bio.Glassなどのシリカ系素材が挙げられる。
【0018】
生体不活性セラミックスには、アルミナ、ジルコニア、カーボンなどが挙げられる。
【0019】
高分子素材には、高分子ポリエチレンなどの非分解性素材、あるいはポリ乳酸、ポリグリコール酸、コラーゲンなどの生分解性素材が挙げられる。
【0020】
複合体としては、アパタイトとコラーゲンの複合体など、上記素材の2種以上の組合せからなる複合体が挙げられる。
【0021】
モジュールの固定方法としては、手術用糸あるいは金属バンド、ネジなどでくくる。
【0022】
また、生体骨への結合部材としては、手術用糸、チタン材、各種セラミックスなどが考えられる。特に、モジュールに生体吸収性部材を使用する場合は、生体吸収性糸を用いることが好ましい。
【0023】
また、各モジュールは、六角形を代表とする適当な断面形状、寸法を用い、前記環状溝のほか、表面を曲面にしたり、穴、しわなどを設ける。単独で使用してもよい。
【0024】
従って、束ねて固定する時、あるいは単独使用時に、血管および細胞が浸入、あるいは定着しやすい人工骨となる。
【0025】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明を、図面を参照して説明する。図1は、本発明のモジュール化人工骨の一実施例の断面図である。図2は、モジュール化人工骨を構成する二本のモジュールを並べた一部の拡大側面図である。図3は、図2のIII−III断面図である。
【0026】
本発明のモジュール化人工骨は、1つ以上の環状溝3aを備えた棒状のモジュール3を束ね、一体に固定する。
【0027】
このように、比較的小さなモジュール3を作成しておき、緊急の手術現場では、特別な装置や器具、材料を用意せずに、前記モジュール3を好ましい形状、寸法に束ねて、一体に固定し、モジュール化人工骨を作成する。モジュール3の数を加減することにより、治療したい患部に最適な形状や寸法に変更することが出来る。
【0028】
モジュール3の各側面は互いにできるだけ広く接触して、支え合うことが必要であり、断面がハニカム構造状となるように、それぞれのモジュールの断面は六角形が好ましい。さらに、六角形よりも角数が多く円に近い多角形や、凹みのある星形などでもよい。
【0029】
さらに、一体に束ねたモジュール3の中央の一本を抜くことにより、本来、骨髄液の通る髄液穴2を整形することが出来る。
【0030】
同時に、図3に断面図を示したように、このモジュール3の軸方向に直角な断面において、角を取ることにより、モジュール3を束ねた際に、軸方向に平行な細い管状穴5(図1参照)を作ることが出来る。生体骨でもこれと同様の穴が存在し、ハーバース管と呼ばれ、主に栄養分を供給する重要な機能を果たす。
【0031】
また、図2に拡大した側面図を示したように、各モジュール3に対し、軸方向に直角に、環状溝3aを設けることにより、軸に直角方向へ、管状あるいは微細な隙間4を網状に作ることが出来る。生体骨でもこれと同様の管が存在し、ボルクマン管と称し、主に血管の通る隙間である。生体骨に本来備わった必要な器官であるこのボルクマン管を、本発明により自在に作ることが可能であり、骨髄液、栄養、血液が潤沢に供給されるため、骨細胞の自由な成長を妨げることなく、自然治癒に近い形で、人工骨の目的を果たすことが出来る。
【0032】
本発明では、モジュール各々のサイズを小さくした時、束ねて一体に固定したモジュールとモジュールの間に、生体の好む複雑なパイプ状の空間や、軸方向の穴を有する断面形状を作ることが出来るので、生体の血管や細胞が活発に成長し入り込み、モジュールとモジュールのバインダーとしての好ましい現象を誘発させることが可能となる。従って、モジュール各々を、骨細胞のような生体細胞がくるみ込むため、時間とともに自然治癒に近い状況をもたらすことが出来る。特に、金属と違い、体内にもともと有る素材の一部であるアパタイトのような、生体との親和性を持つ材料で作成したモジュールは、新たに発生、成長した生体骨の中にほとんど取り込まれ、従来の生体と同等の機能を持つことが可能となる。
【0033】
更に言えば、近年注目されているコラーゲンとアパタイトの複合材を、本発明のモジュールに適用すれば、各モジュール間の間隙に、血管や細胞が活発に入り込むため、各細胞の活動する面積を多く取れる。従って、同時多発的に、破骨細胞の働きにより前記複合材を溶解し、そこに正常な骨芽細胞の活性が促され、時間とともに、生体自体が、甦生させた自分の骨として、欠落部を速やかに補完する作用が充分に期待できる。
【0034】
このようなコラーゲンとアパタイトの複合材を、従来のように単体で挿入するよりも、本発明のようにモジュール化し、生体が好む寸法および形状にし、束ねて一体に固定して埋め込むことにより、血管や細胞が活動する場をより多く提供できるため、治癒効率が高く、速やかに自然治癒とまったく同等な成果をあげることが出来る。
【0035】
(実施例)
図4、5に基づき、本発明の実施例を説明する。図4は、本発明のモジュール化人工骨を、生体骨の間に補完した状態を示す側面図である。図5は、図4のV−V断面図である。
【0036】
モジュール3の代表的断面形状は六角形であり、対面寸法は3mm程度が使用しやすい。長さは欠損部に合わせるが、10mmから30mmの間が実際的な長さである。必要な太さのモジュール化人工骨を得るには、適当な本数のモジュール3を束ねる。例えば、図5に示したように18本のモジュール3を束ねることにより、対辺直径約14.2mmの太さのモジュール化人工骨を作り出す。あるいは、図1に示したように30本の前記と同じモジュール3を一体に束ねることにより、対辺直径約20mmの太さのモジュール化人工骨を作り出すことができる。特に、中央の一本を抜くことにより、本来、骨髄液の通る髄液穴2を形成する。
【0037】
同時に、モジュール3の軸方向に直角な断面の角を取ることにより、束ねた際に、軸方向に平行な細い管状穴5を作ることが出来る。また、図2に示したように、側面を曲面にしたり、あるいはしわを設けることにより、軸に直角方向へ管状の間隙あるいは微細な網状の隙間4を作ることが出来る。
【0038】
組み立てられたモジュール化人工骨は、生体骨8の間に埋め込む。モジュール化人工骨の装着直後は、生体骨8との間に、当然、間隙があり、分離している状態なので、一時的に支え6を施す。図示した実施例では、2つの支え6で挟み込み、固定する。支え6は、モジュール3よりもやや長く、両端にネジ穴を備えた例えばチタンの板状部材を使用する。固定方法は、両端のネジ穴に通したネジ7で生体骨8に固定する。
【0039】
時間とともに、目的の効果、即ち治癒したと判断できる経過日数であるおよそ3ヶ月を過ぎた辺りから、レントゲン検査を行う。レントゲン検査により、モジュール化人工骨の周囲の石灰化が進んだと判断されれば、支え6を段階的に緩め、治療部分に一部ストレスが掛かるように調節する。最終的には、強度が確保される段階で、前記支え6を取り外すことが出来るようになる。
【0040】
実際に、ビーグル犬での実験において、アパタイトおよびコラーゲンを材料としたモジュールを束ねて固定したモジュール化人工骨により、顕著な治癒効果を確認している。
【0041】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、補完したい形状、寸法を得やすく、生体に負担が掛からず、生体の骨組織と一体化しやすいモジュール化人工骨を提供することが可能となる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本発明のモジュール化人工骨の一実施例を示す断面図である。
【図2】 モジュール化人工骨を構成する二本のモジュールを並べた拡大側面図である。
【図3】 図2のIII−III断面図である。
【図4】 本発明のモジュール化人工骨を、生体骨の間に補完した状態を示す側面図である。
【図5】 図4のV−V断面図である。
【符号の説明】
1 糸
2 髄液穴
3 モジュール
3a 環状溝
4 ボルクマン管
5 ハーバース管
6 支え
7 ネジ
8 生体骨
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a modular artificial bone that complements a missing portion in a living body due to bone abnormality or fracture.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the case of bone abnormality or fracture, generally, bones with abnormal parts are removed, and the lost parts are, for example, ceramics, stainless steel, titanium alloys, or titanium that are said to be compatible with living bodies. It is supplemented by embedding an apatite-coated alloy. These are called artificial bones.
[0003]
Since these materials are difficult to machine, they are produced in a machining factory, assuming a specific shape for each part. Therefore, the conventional artificial bone can hardly be shared with other parts other than the assumed part.
[0004]
In addition, since shape processing is difficult at the surgical site, an appropriate artificial bone is selected according to size from standard products produced in advance by a manufacturer estimating demand trends. Then, the artificial bone is embedded, and the periphery is complemented with the same kind of material, and fixed with screws, cement, or the like.
[0005]
In other words, conventional artificial bones that can only be selected in size, and have a dense interior and higher rigidity than living organisms, such as metals and ceramics, which are difficult to make necessary corrections. The mainstream is to insert bones into the body and continue to use them as they are.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The conventional problem is that these conventional artificial bones are materials with poor processability, and it is difficult to change them to appropriate sizes and shapes. In addition, at the surgical site, it is impossible to correct a defective portion with respect to a conventional artificial bone. Therefore, even if the selected artificial bone is deemed inappropriate after the living body has been incised, it may have to be used as it is.
[0007]
In addition, conventional artificial bones sometimes have problems with living bodies over time. There are several possible causes, but it can be roughly divided into two.
[0008]
First, there are differences in strength and flexibility between living bones and artificial bones. When force is applied to the vicinity from the outside, unnatural mechanical concentration stress is applied, placing a burden on the living body, causing inflammation or May cause pain. Furthermore, if the artificial bone has an inappropriate size or shape, there is an increased concern about unnecessary mechanical concentration stress.
[0009]
Secondly, as a problem of the conventional artificial bone, there is a problem of familiarity with a living body. Since the inside of the conventional artificial bone is uniform and dense, no life activity is performed. That is, blood vessels or various cells cannot enter the artificial bone, causing various problems at the interface between the living tissue and the artificial bone. As a countermeasure, a method of increasing the affinity with the living body by coating the surface of the artificial bone with apatite having properties similar to those of an actual living bone has been taken. However, since the coating layer is thin and blood vessels and biological tissues are not in a state of entering the coating layer, it is difficult to integrate with the bone tissue of the living body even if the affinity is improved.
[0010]
An object of the present invention is to provide an artificial bone member that is easy to obtain a shape and size to be complemented, does not place a burden on a living body, and is easily integrated with a bone tissue of the living body.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The modular artificial bone of the present invention is an artificial bone which is replaced with a hard tissue or cartilage tissue defect in a living body, and a plurality of rod-like modules are bundled and fixed together.
[0012]
The module may include one or more annular grooves around the periphery, and a tubular space perpendicular to the axial direction may be formed.
[0013]
The cross-sectional shape of the module may be a polygon with rounded corners, and an axial tubular space may be formed between the modules.
[0014]
It is preferable that there is at least one module defect portion, and the defect portion is an axial tubular space.
[0015]
It is desirable that the module is made of two or more kinds of composites selected from biometals, bioactive ceramics, bioinert ceramics, polymer materials, or a group consisting of these.
[0016]
Non-corrosive metals such as titanium, stainless steel, titanium alloys, etc. can be mentioned as biomedical metals.
[0017]
Examples of bioactive ceramics include phosphate-based materials such as HAP ( hydroxyapatite ) and TCP (tricalcium phosphate), AW . Glass, Bio. Examples thereof include silica-based materials such as Glass.
[0018]
Bioinert ceramics include alumina, zirconia, carbon and the like.
[0019]
Examples of the polymer material include non-degradable materials such as polymer polyethylene, and biodegradable materials such as polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, and collagen.
[0020]
Examples of the complex include a complex composed of a combination of two or more of the above materials, such as a complex of apatite and collagen.
[0021]
As a method for fixing the module, a surgical thread, a metal band, a screw or the like is used.
[0022]
Moreover, as a connecting member to the living bone, surgical thread, titanium material, various ceramics, and the like are conceivable. In particular, when a bioabsorbable member is used for the module, it is preferable to use a bioabsorbable thread.
[0023]
Each module has an appropriate cross-sectional shape and dimensions typified by a hexagon, and has a curved surface, holes, wrinkles, etc. in addition to the annular groove. It may be used alone.
[0024]
Therefore, an artificial bone in which blood vessels and cells can easily enter or settle when bundled and fixed or used alone.
[0025]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of one embodiment of the modular artificial bone of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged side view of a part of two modules constituting a modular artificial bone. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG.
[0026]
In the modular artificial bone of the present invention, a rod-like module 3 having one or more annular grooves 3a is bundled and fixed integrally.
[0027]
In this way, a relatively small module 3 is prepared, and in an emergency operation site, the module 3 is bundled into a preferable shape and size and fixed together without preparing special devices, instruments and materials. Create a modular artificial bone. By adjusting the number of modules 3, it is possible to change the shape and size to be optimal for the affected area to be treated.
[0028]
Each side surface of the module 3 needs to be in contact with and support each other as widely as possible, and the cross section of each module is preferably hexagonal so that the cross section has a honeycomb structure. Furthermore, it may be a polygon having more corners than a hexagon and close to a circle, or a star with a dent.
[0029]
Furthermore, the cerebrospinal fluid hole 2 through which the bone marrow fluid originally passes can be shaped by removing the central one of the modules 3 bundled together.
[0030]
At the same time, as shown in the cross-sectional view of FIG. 3, the module 3 is bundled by bundling the cross-section perpendicular to the axial direction of the module 3 so that when the modules 3 are bundled, the thin tubular holes 5 parallel to the axial direction (see FIG. 1). A similar hole exists in living bones, called the Habers tube, and plays an important role in supplying nutrients.
[0031]
Further, as shown in the enlarged side view in FIG. 2, by providing an annular groove 3a perpendicular to the axial direction for each module 3, a tubular or fine gap 4 is formed in a net shape in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction. I can make it. Similar bones exist in living bones, which are called Volkmann tubes, and are mainly gaps through which blood vessels pass. This Borkman tube, which is a necessary organ inherent in living bones, can be made freely according to the present invention, and since bone marrow fluid, nutrients, and blood are supplied in abundantly, it prevents free growth of bone cells. The purpose of the artificial bone can be achieved in a form close to natural healing.
[0032]
In the present invention, when the size of each module is reduced, a complex pipe-like space preferred by the living body or a cross-sectional shape having an axial hole can be created between the modules that are bundled and fixed together. Therefore, the blood vessels and cells of the living body can actively grow and enter, and it is possible to induce a preferable phenomenon as a module and a module binder. Accordingly, since each of the modules is wrapped with living cells such as bone cells, it is possible to bring about a situation close to natural healing over time. In particular, unlike metals, modules made of materials that have an affinity with the living body, such as apatite, which is part of the body's original material, are almost taken into newly generated and grown living bones. It becomes possible to have a function equivalent to a conventional living body.
[0033]
Furthermore, if a composite material of collagen and apatite, which has been attracting attention in recent years, is applied to the module of the present invention, blood vessels and cells actively enter the gaps between the modules, so that the active area of each cell is increased. I can take it. Therefore, simultaneously, the above-mentioned composite material is dissolved by the action of osteoclasts, and the activity of normal osteoblasts is promoted there, and over time, the living body itself grows as its own bone, It can be expected to fully complement the above.
[0034]
Such a collagen and apatite composite material is modularized as in the present invention rather than being inserted as a single body as in the prior art, and is sized and shaped as desired by a living body, and is bundled and fixed and integrated into a blood vessel. Since more places where cells and cells are active can be provided, the healing efficiency is high, and it is possible to achieve the same results as natural healing promptly.
[0035]
(Example)
An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4 is a side view showing a state in which the modular artificial bone of the present invention is complemented between living bones. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VV in FIG.
[0036]
A typical cross-sectional shape of the module 3 is a hexagonal shape, and a face size of about 3 mm is easy to use. The length is matched to the defect, but a practical length is between 10 mm and 30 mm. In order to obtain a modular artificial bone having a necessary thickness, an appropriate number of modules 3 are bundled. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, 18 modules 3 are bundled to create a modular artificial bone having a thickness of opposite side diameter of about 14.2 mm. Alternatively, as shown in FIG. 1, by modularly bundling 30 same modules 3 as described above, it is possible to create a modular artificial bone having a thickness of the opposite side diameter of about 20 mm. In particular, the cerebrospinal fluid hole 2 through which the bone marrow fluid originally passes is formed by removing one from the center.
[0037]
At the same time, by taking the angle of the cross section perpendicular to the axial direction of the module 3, a thin tubular hole 5 parallel to the axial direction can be formed when bundled. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, a tubular gap or a fine mesh-like gap 4 can be formed in a direction perpendicular to the axis by making the side surface a curved surface or providing wrinkles.
[0038]
The assembled modular artificial bone is embedded between the living bones 8. Immediately after the installation of the modular artificial bone, there is naturally a gap between the living bone 8 and it is separated, so the support 6 is temporarily provided. In the illustrated embodiment, the two supports 6 are sandwiched and fixed. The support 6 is slightly longer than the module 3 and uses, for example, a titanium plate-like member having screw holes at both ends. The fixing method is to fix to the living bone 8 with screws 7 passed through screw holes at both ends.
[0039]
The X-ray examination is performed from about 3 months, which is the number of days that can be determined to have been cured over time. If it is determined by the X-ray examination that the calcification around the modular artificial bone has progressed, the support 6 is loosened step by step and adjusted so that some stress is applied to the treatment portion. Finally, the support 6 can be removed when the strength is ensured.
[0040]
In fact, in a beagle dog experiment, a remarkable healing effect has been confirmed by using a modular artificial bone in which modules made of apatite and collagen are bundled and fixed.
[0041]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, it becomes possible to provide the modular artificial bone which is easy to obtain the shape and dimension to complement, does not burden a living body, and is easy to integrate with the bone tissue of a living body.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a modular artificial bone of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged side view in which two modules constituting a modular artificial bone are arranged.
3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a side view showing a state in which the modular artificial bone of the present invention is complemented between living bones.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line VV in FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Thread 2 Cerebrospinal fluid hole 3 Module 3a Annular groove 4 Volkmann tube 5 Habers tube 6 Support 7 Screw 8 Living bone

Claims (2)

生体における硬組織または軟骨組織の欠損部分に置き換える人工骨であって、複数の棒状モジュールを束ねて、一体に固定して得られ、前記モジュールは、生体活性セラミックス、生分解性高分子素材、または、生体活性セラミックスおよび生分解性高分子素材の複合体から作られており、前記モジュールの周囲に1つ以上の環状溝を備え、該環状溝により該モジュールの長さ方向に対して直角方向に、管状または網状の隙間からなるボルクマン管様の空間が形成され、かつ、前記モジュールの断面形状が、角を丸めた多角形であり、相隣接するモジュール間に該モジュールの軸方向に平行な細い管状孔からなるハーバース管様の空間が形成されていることを特徴とするモジュール化人工骨。An artificial bone to be replaced with a hard tissue or a cartilage tissue defect in a living body , obtained by bundling a plurality of rod-like modules and fixing them together, the module being a bioactive ceramic, a biodegradable polymer material, or , Which is made of a composite of bioactive ceramics and biodegradable polymer material, and has one or more annular grooves around the module, and perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the module by the annular grooves And a Volkmann tube-like space formed of a tubular or net- like gap is formed , and the cross-sectional shape of the module is a polygon with rounded corners, and the thin modules parallel to the axial direction of the module between adjacent modules A modular artificial bone characterized in that a Habers tube-like space composed of tubular holes is formed . 中央部において、全長にわたり少なくとも1本分のモジュール欠損部があって、該欠損部により長さ方向に伸長する髄液穴様空間が形成されていることを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のモジュール化人工骨。 In the central part, there is a module defect of at least one roll over the entire length, and a space of cerebrospinal fluid hole like is formed to extend in the longitudinal direction by該欠loss section, to claim 1 The modular artificial bone described .
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JPS5576644A (en) * 1978-12-04 1980-06-09 Kyoto Ceramic Flexible ceramic living body inplant portion material
JP2706467B2 (en) * 1988-05-27 1998-01-28 住友大阪セメント株式会社 Artificial bone structure for bone transplantation
US4961740B1 (en) * 1988-10-17 1997-01-14 Surgical Dynamics Inc V-thread fusion cage and method of fusing a bone joint
US5492697A (en) * 1990-03-05 1996-02-20 Board Of Regents, Univ. Of Texas System Biodegradable implant for fracture nonunions
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DE69307299T2 (en) * 1992-02-14 1997-04-30 Board of Regents, the University of Texas System, Austin, Tex. MULTI-PHASE, BIODEGRADABLE IMPLANT / CARRIER AND METHOD FOR THE PRODUCTION THEREOF
US5282861A (en) * 1992-03-11 1994-02-01 Ultramet Open cell tantalum structures for cancellous bone implants and cell and tissue receptors
JP2599283Y2 (en) * 1992-07-10 1999-08-30 克成 西原 Osteosynthesis material
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