JP4408276B2 - 耐水性石膏製品の添加剤 - Google Patents
耐水性石膏製品の添加剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP4408276B2 JP4408276B2 JP2005501042A JP2005501042A JP4408276B2 JP 4408276 B2 JP4408276 B2 JP 4408276B2 JP 2005501042 A JP2005501042 A JP 2005501042A JP 2005501042 A JP2005501042 A JP 2005501042A JP 4408276 B2 JP4408276 B2 JP 4408276B2
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- Prior art keywords
- starch
- emulsion
- wax
- mixture
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 title claims description 95
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 95
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 75
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title description 14
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 88
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 55
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 49
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 49
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 229920000417 polynaphthalene Polymers 0.000 claims description 17
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000005078 molybdenum compound Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000002752 molybdenum compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 14
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 10
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical class OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdate Chemical class [O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004368 Modified starch Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- CDMADVZSLOHIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N disodium;3,7-dioxido-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3,5,7-tetraborabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane;decahydrate Chemical group O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Na+].[Na+].O1B([O-])OB2OB([O-])OB1O2 CDMADVZSLOHIFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001612 Hydroxyethyl starch Polymers 0.000 claims 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 229940050526 hydroxyethylstarch Drugs 0.000 claims 2
- 239000001254 oxidized starch Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 235000013808 oxidized starch Nutrition 0.000 claims 2
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 65
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 31
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 25
- -1 Polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 23
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 15
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- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- SJHPCNCNNSSLPL-CSKARUKUSA-N (4e)-4-(ethoxymethylidene)-2-phenyl-1,3-oxazol-5-one Chemical compound O1C(=O)C(=C/OCC)\N=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 SJHPCNCNNSSLPL-CSKARUKUSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 4
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- 238000007127 saponification reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 SRSXLGNVWSONIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940092714 benzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 3
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 3
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920005552 sodium lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIRNGVVZBINFMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-allylphenol Chemical class OC1=CC=CC=C1CC=C QIRNGVVZBINFMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008346 aqueous phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001112 coagulating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000008120 corn starch Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940021019 disal Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000417 fungicide Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N furosemide Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(S(=O)(=O)N)=CC(C(O)=O)=C1NCC1=CC=CO1 ZZUFCTLCJUWOSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000265 homogenisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
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- MODMKKOKHKJFHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;dioxido(dioxo)molybdenum Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O MODMKKOKHKJFHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229940087248 metasol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000693 micelle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000012170 montan wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000011684 sodium molybdate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000015393 sodium molybdate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium molybdate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O TVXXNOYZHKPKGW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- NFMWFGXCDDYTEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimagnesium;diborate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] NFMWFGXCDDYTEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trisodium borate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BSVBQGMMJUBVOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229910000406 trisodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000019801 trisodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- WCOXQTXVACYMLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-bis(12-hydroxyoctadecanoyloxy)propyl 12-hydroxyoctadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)CCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCC(OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)CCCCCC)COC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC(O)CCCCCC WCOXQTXVACYMLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000000378 Caryota urens Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000283153 Cetacea Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000000163 Cycas revoluta Species 0.000 description 1
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- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004166 Lanolin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010103 Metroxylon rumphii Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- OTRAYOBSWCVTIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N OB(O)O.OB(O)O.OB(O)O.OB(O)O.OB(O)O.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N Chemical compound OB(O)O.OB(O)O.OB(O)O.OB(O)O.OB(O)O.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N.N OTRAYOBSWCVTIN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HOGKWLXRMABQDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N OB(O)OB(O)O.N.N.N.N Chemical compound OB(O)OB(O)O.N.N.N.N HOGKWLXRMABQDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108010013296 Sericins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229920001800 Shellac Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WOVADLWDGDABII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ba].[Mo] Chemical compound [Ba].[Mo] WOVADLWDGDABII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FZQSLXQPHPOTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [K+].[K+].O1B([O-])OB2OB([O-])OB1O2 Chemical compound [K+].[K+].O1B([O-])OB2OB([O-])OB1O2 FZQSLXQPHPOTHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QGAVSDVURUSLQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium heptamolybdate Chemical compound N.N.N.N.N.N.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo].[Mo] QGAVSDVURUSLQK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P ammonium molybdate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O APUPEJJSWDHEBO-UHFFFAOYSA-P 0.000 description 1
- 239000011609 ammonium molybdate Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUFUCDNVOXXQQC-UHFFFAOYSA-L azane;hydroxy-(hydroxy(dioxo)molybdenio)oxy-dioxomolybdenum Chemical compound N.N.O[Mo](=O)(=O)O[Mo](O)(=O)=O XUFUCDNVOXXQQC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000013871 bee wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012166 beeswax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- BIOOACNPATUQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(dioxo)molybdenum Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O BIOOACNPATUQFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004204 candelilla wax Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 150000004683 dihydrates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PSHMSSXLYVAENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dilithium;[oxido(oxoboranyloxy)boranyl]oxy-oxoboranyloxyborinate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].O=BOB([O-])OB([O-])OB=O PSHMSSXLYVAENJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- IUJAMGNYPWYUPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N hentriacontane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC IUJAMGNYPWYUPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019388 lanolin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NMHMDUCCVHOJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N lithium molybdate Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O NMHMDUCCVHOJQI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid group Chemical group C(\C=C/C(=O)O)(=O)O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- VLAPMBHFAWRUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-L molybdic acid Chemical compound O[Mo](O)(=O)=O VLAPMBHFAWRUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- PYUBPZNJWXUSID-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentadecapotassium;pentaborate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] PYUBPZNJWXUSID-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013874 shellac Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004208 shellac Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N shellac Chemical compound OCCCCCC(O)C(O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O.C1C23[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC2[C@](C)(CO)[C@@H]1C(C(O)=O)=C[C@@H]3O ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940113147 shellac Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940024463 silicone emollient and protective product Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000344 soap Substances 0.000 description 1
- RWVGQQGBQSJDQV-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;3-[[4-[(e)-[4-(4-ethoxyanilino)phenyl]-[4-[ethyl-[(3-sulfonatophenyl)methyl]azaniumylidene]-2-methylcyclohexa-2,5-dien-1-ylidene]methyl]-n-ethyl-3-methylanilino]methyl]benzenesulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC(OCC)=CC=C1NC1=CC=C(C(=C2C(=CC(C=C2)=[N+](CC)CC=2C=C(C=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C)C=2C(=CC(=CC=2)N(CC)CC=2C=C(C=CC=2)S([O-])(=O)=O)C)C=C1 RWVGQQGBQSJDQV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
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- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000010512 thermal transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002411 thermogravimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000004580 weight loss Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08B—POLYSACCHARIDES; DERIVATIVES THEREOF
- C08B31/00—Preparation of derivatives of starch
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/38—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
- C04B24/24—Macromolecular compounds
- C04B24/38—Polysaccharides or derivatives thereof
- C04B24/383—Cellulose or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/14—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing calcium sulfate cements
-
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Description
エマルションは、ある容器内のろうと界面活性剤(「ろう混合物」)と、他の容器内の水と複合剤(ホウ酸化合物、モリブデン酸化合物、または、モリブンデン化合物)とコーンスターチ(「水混合物」)とを加熱することによって調製した。双方の混合物をそれぞれ混ぜながら約185°F(85℃)に加熱した。次に、ろう混合物を水混合物に混ぜながら注いだ。そして、得られた混合物を均質化装置に入れた。均質化しながら、ミセルの直径が約0.6ミクロンから約1.8ミクロンに分布させることが好ましい。しかしながら、ミセルの直径を約0.5ミクロンから約2.5ミクロンに分布させてもよい。この均質化の水準は、例えば、約2,000から約4,000psigで、二穴均質化装置(dual orifice homogenizer)を用いて達成してもよい。
親水性/疎水性の比(「HLB」)の値は、化合物の水への溶解性と関連がある。低いHLB値を有する乳化剤は油に溶ける傾向にあり、高いHLB値を有する乳化剤は水に溶ける傾向にある。典型的には、水に溶けるまたは水に混ざる乳化剤は、ここで述べた代表的な油/水のエマルションを製造するために、油やろうを可溶化するために、または、多少の洗浄性を得るために使用される。したがって、HLB値は、乳化剤または乳化系の特性を評価したり選択したりするために使用できる。
試料は、石膏50グラム、水35.97グラム、および、明細書記載のエマルション1.92グラムを混合して作製した。対照物は、エマルションを添加しなかった。石膏、水、および、添加していたらエマルションを一緒に混ぜて1分間放置した。そして、この混合物を更に30秒間混ぜた。2回目の混合の後、試料の流動性試験を行った。
上記によって混合された試料を平らな面に注ぎ、最終的なパティ(patty)の直径を測定した。パティの直径は、試料の流動性の指標である。直径が大きければ大きいほど、試料の流動性は大きくなる。
起泡試験は、ろうエマルションの石膏スラリー内の泡の安定性への影響を評価するために用いられる。この試験では、市販の起泡剤0.60グラムと、ろうエマルション2グラムを計量する。起泡剤とエマルションを、100グラムの水と共に、ミキサーに入れる。混合物は、20秒間混ぜられる。この混合工程が終わると、泡が直ちに混合カップからあふれ出て空の150mlビーカに流れ込む。余分な泡は、ビーカから取り去られる。混合カップに残っている泡は、離される。泡の密度は、150mlビーカ内の泡の重量を測定することによって決定される。混合を止めてから2分経過した後、混合カップ内に残った泡に含まれる液体は、排出され捨てられる。きれいな空の150mlビーカは、残った泡で満たされあふれ出て、余分な泡は取り去られる。2回目の泡の密度は、上述のようにして決定される。本発明のエマルションでは、泡の密度は適切で、20秒間のものの測定では、150ml当たり約40から約65グラムに分布し、2分間のものの測定では、150ml当たり約10から約45グラムに分布した。
流動性試験で作製したパティを、110°Fで少なくとも24時間乾燥させた。この時間が終わると、パティの重量を測定し、その重量を記録した。次に、乾燥したパティを2時間水に浸した。2時間の浸漬後のパティの重量を測定し、その湿重量を記録した。そして、残留水分の百分率を、これらの異なる2種類の重量に基づいて算出した。
本発明の混合物では、様々な出所の石膏が使用できる。しかし、石膏試料を水和するのに必要な水の量は、試料の純度に応じて多様である。
エマルションは、少なくとも一種のろうと、アルキルフェノールと、ポリナフタレンスルホン酸塩と、デンプン複合体とを混合し均質化して形成することができる。以下の表1は、本実施の形態によって製造されたエマルションの例を示す。石膏/エマルション混合物と石膏製品の試験結果も示されている。全ての混合物および均質化物は、上述のように製造され、上述のように試験された。
エマルションは、二種類のろう、共通の界面活性剤、アルキルフェノール、および、デンプン複合体を混合し均質化することによって形成できる。以下の表3は、本実施の形態に基づいて製造されたエマルションの例を示す。石膏/エマルション混合物と石膏製品の試験結果も示されている。全ての混合物および均質化物は、上述のように製造され、上述のように試験された。
エマルションは、一種類のろう、二種類の界面活性剤の系、アルキルフェノール、および、デンプン複合体を混合し均質化することによって形成できる。以下の表4は、本実施の形態に基づいて製造されたエマルションの例を示す。石膏/エマルション混合物と石膏製品の試験結果も示されている。全ての混合物および均質化物は、上述のように製造され、上述のように試験された。
Claims (17)
- 石膏製品に耐水性を与えるのに有用なエマルションであって、
少なくとも一種類のろうと、
アルキルフェノールと、
ポリナフタレンスルホン酸と、
アルカリ金属の水酸化物と、
水と、
デンプンと、ホウ酸化合物、モリブデン酸化合物、および、モリブデン化合物からなる群から選択される複合剤との複合体であるデンプン複合体と、
を有することを特徴とするエマルション。 - 前記アルカリ金属の水酸化物は、水酸化ナトリウムおよび水酸化カリウムからなる群から選択されることを特徴とする請求項1記載のエマルション。
- 前記アルキルフェノールは、C24からC34のメチレンが結合したアルキルフェノールであることを特徴とする請求項1記載のエマルション。
- 前記複合剤は、テトラホウ酸ナトリウム十水和物であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載のエマルション。
- 前記デンプンは、変性されていないデンプン、酸で変性されたデンプン、ヒドロキシエチルデンプン、酸化デンプン、および、陽イオンデンプンからなる群から選択されることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載のエマルション。
- 前記デンプンは、酸で変性されたデンプンであることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載のエマルション。
- 前記デンプンに対する前記複合剤の重量比は、約1:4から約1:20であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至3のいずれか1項に記載のエマルション。
- 石膏製品に耐水性を与えるのに有用なエマルションの製造方法であって、
(a)少なくとも一種類のろうと、アルキルフェノールを混合して第1の混合物を得る工程と、
(b)ポリナフタレンスルホン酸と、アルカリ金属の水酸化物と、水と、デンプンと、ホウ酸化合物、モリブデン酸化合物、および、モリブデン化合物からなる群から選択される複合剤との複合体であるデンプン複合体とを混合して第2の混合物を得る工程と、
(c)前記第1の混合物と前記第2の混合物とを混合して混合物を得る工程と、
(d)前記混合物を均質化する工程と、
を有することを特徴とするエマルションの製造方法。 - 前記アルカリ金属の水酸化物は、水酸化ナトリウムおよび水酸化カリウムからなる群から選択されることを特徴とする請求項8記載の方法。
- 前記(a)工程と前記(b)工程とは、更に、前記第1の混合物と前記第2の混合物とを、約185°Fから約195°Fの温度範囲に加熱する工程を有することを特徴とする請求項8記載の方法。
- 前記(d)工程は、少なくとも3500psiの圧力下で行われることを特徴とする請求項9記載の方法。
- 前記アルキルフェノールは、C24からC34のメチレンが結合したアルキルフェノールであることを特徴とする請求項8記載の方法。
- 前記複合剤は、テトラホウ酸ナトリウム十水和物であることを特徴とする請求項8乃至12のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記デンプンは、変性されていないデンプン、酸で変性されたデンプン、ヒドロキシエチルデンプン、酸化デンプン、および、陽イオンデンプンからなる群から選択されることを特徴とする請求項8乃至12のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記デンプンは、酸で変性されたデンプンであることを特徴とする請求項8乃至12のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 前記デンプンに対する前記複合剤の重量比は、約1:4から約1:20であることを特徴とする請求項8乃至12のいずれか1項に記載の方法。
- 石膏製品に耐水性を与えるのに有用なエマルションであって、
エマルションの総重量に対して約25%から約40%の重量の少なくとも一種類のろうと、
エマルションの総重量に対して約2.5%から約4.5%の重量のケン化性のろうと、
エマルションの総重量に対して約0.25%から約10.0%の重量のアルキルフェノールと、
エマルションの総重量に対して約0.25%から約5.0%の重量のポリナフタレンスルホン酸と、
エマルションの総重量に対して約55%から約65%の重量の水と、
エマルションの総重量に対して約0.5%から約1.5%の重量のアルカリ金属の水酸化物と、
エマルションの総重量に対して約1.5%から約3.5%の重量のデンプン複合体と、
を有し、
前記デンプン複合体は、デンプンと、ホウ酸化合物、モリブデン酸化合物、および、モリブデン化合物からなる群から選択される複合剤と、を備え、
前記デンプンと前記複合剤は、約4:1から約20:1の重量比を有することを特徴とするエマルション。
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-
2003
- 2003-06-05 CN CNB038214237A patent/CN100430453C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-06-05 JP JP2005501042A patent/JP4408276B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2003-06-05 EP EP03736867A patent/EP1549723B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-06-05 WO PCT/US2003/017771 patent/WO2004033581A1/en active Application Filing
- 2003-06-05 BR BRPI0315220-0A patent/BR0315220B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2003-06-05 AT AT03736867T patent/ATE535586T1/de active
- 2003-06-05 US US10/525,917 patent/US7473713B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2003-10-09 AR ARP030103690A patent/AR044194A1/es active IP Right Grant
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CN1681901A (zh) | 2005-10-12 |
EP1549723A1 (en) | 2005-07-06 |
CN100430453C (zh) | 2008-11-05 |
WO2004033581A1 (en) | 2004-04-22 |
ATE535586T1 (de) | 2011-12-15 |
BR0315220B1 (pt) | 2014-07-29 |
US7473713B2 (en) | 2009-01-06 |
EP1549723B1 (en) | 2011-11-30 |
EP1549723A4 (en) | 2007-09-19 |
BR0315220A (pt) | 2005-08-23 |
AR044194A1 (es) | 2005-09-07 |
JP2006502958A (ja) | 2006-01-26 |
US20050250858A1 (en) | 2005-11-10 |
AU2003237413A1 (en) | 2004-05-04 |
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