JP4385104B2 - Steep wave suppression device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a steep wave suppressing device. More particularly, the present invention relates to a steep wave suppressing device for grounding a steep wave voltage by dielectric breakdown between electrodes.

  As a steep wave suppression device, for example, there is a high voltage zinc oxide lightning arrester provided in a power transmission system. As shown in FIG. 11, the zinc oxide lightning arrester 104 includes a plurality of characteristic elements 105 arranged in series, and a zinc oxide element is used as the characteristic element 105. The lightning arrester 104 is normally installed in parallel to the power system and has high insulation properties. However, when an abnormal voltage is generated due to a lightning strike or the like, the resistance of the characteristic element 105 decreases, so that current can be led to the ground. it can. The zinc oxide lightning arrester 104 is used for a high voltage power transmission system, for example, a high voltage such as 275,000 volts or 500,000 volts.

  As another type of lightning arrester, there is a lightning arrester using a discharge gap as shown in FIG. The lightning arrester 101 includes a gap 102 and a characteristic element 103. In the lightning arrester 101, when an abnormal voltage is generated due to a lightning strike or the like, dielectric breakdown occurs in the gap 102, and current can be guided to the ground. The lightning arrester 101 is in a sealed space.

  As a low-voltage steep wave suppression device, for example, a communication protector (semiconductor lightning arrester) using a semiconductor lightning surge protection element is known. Since this communication protector uses a semiconductor element, it is used for a low voltage of 200 V or less, for example.

"Picture and Power Technology" Ohmsha, December 25, 1991, pages 147-148

  However, the zinc oxide lightning arrester 104 has a problem that a leakage current flows in the characteristic element 105 even in a normal time when no abnormal voltage is generated. The occurrence of this leakage current causes a loss of electric power, and there is a risk that the relay relationship used in related facilities and the like, partial discharge measurement, etc. may be impaired, and the characteristic element 105 itself deteriorates due to heat generation. There is.

  On the other hand, the operation of the lightning arrester 101 having the gap 102 is unstable. That is, in order to cause dielectric breakdown in the gap 102, it is necessary that electrons exist in the gap 102, but in the lightning arrester 101, since the gap 102 is provided in the sealed space, the existence probability of electrons tends to be small. For this reason, a large overvoltage is required to cause dielectric breakdown, and the voltage at which dielectric breakdown starts varies. For this reason, the operation as a lightning arrester becomes unstable.

  In addition, since the communication protector uses a semiconductor element, its use is limited to a low voltage of 200 V or less. Moreover, since a semiconductor element is used, it is more expensive than the gap type. For this reason, when an element becomes inoperable due to an overvoltage pulse or the like, an expensive semiconductor element must be replaced, which is uneconomical. Furthermore, if there is no means to detect even if the communication protector is broken, it is difficult to tell whether the communication protector is broken, and when an overvoltage pulse (lightning surge, inverter surge, etc.) is received. Or regular inspection is required.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a steep wave suppressing device that can operate reliably with a wide range of usable voltage from high voltage to low voltage. It is another object of the present invention to provide a steep wave suppressing device that can prevent the occurrence of leakage current during normal times. It is another object of the present invention to provide an inexpensive steep wave suppressing device that can be automatically restored even if it is once activated.

  In order to achieve such an object, the invention described in claim 1 is a steep wave suppressing device for suppressing a steep wave voltage that has entered a circuit. A main electrode system composed of first and second main electrodes arranged in parallel on the power supply side, and a main electrode on the ground side of the main electrode system with a space narrower than the space between the first and second main electrodes A main trigger electrode disposed opposite to the main electrode system, a pulse generator that is provided in series with the power supply on the power supply side of the main electrode system, and generates a pulse voltage higher than the steep wave voltage by intrusion of the steep wave voltage, and pulse generation A sub-trigger electrode system that generates dielectric breakdown between the electrodes when a pulse voltage is applied from the detector, and leads the main trigger electrode to the low-potential-side electrode of the sub-trigger electrode system when dielectric breakdown occurs in the sub-trigger electrode system. A conductor that raises the potential of the main trigger electrode to cause a dielectric breakdown with the main electrode on the ground side of the main electrode system by increasing the potential of the main trigger electrode. It causes dielectric breakdown between the second main electrodes. Note that one of the first and second main electrodes of the main electrode system is the main electrode on the ground side.

  Therefore, when a steep wave voltage enters the circuit, a pulse voltage higher than the steep wave voltage is generated in the pulse generator and applied between the electrodes constituting the sub-trigger electrode system. Thereby, dielectric breakdown (first-stage dielectric breakdown) occurs in the sub-trigger electrode system, and the potential of the electrode on the low potential side of the sub-trigger electrode system rises. As a result, the potential of the main trigger electrode also rises, and dielectric breakdown (second-stage dielectric breakdown) occurs between the main electrode system and the main electrode on the ground side. Since initial electrons are generated by the second-stage dielectric breakdown, the second-stage dielectric breakdown becomes a trigger to cause dielectric breakdown between the first and second main electrodes of the main electrode system without delay. The steep wave voltage that has entered the circuit due to dielectric breakdown between the first and second main electrodes of the main electrode system is suppressed.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a steep wave suppressing device that suppresses a steep wave voltage that has entered a circuit. The main electrode system composed of the first and second main electrodes installed and the main electrode on the ground side of the main electrode system are arranged opposite to each other with a space narrower than the space between the first and second main electrodes. A main trigger electrode, a pulse generator that is provided in series with the power supply on the power supply side of the main electrode system, and generates a pulse voltage higher than the steep wave voltage by the intrusion of the steep wave voltage, and the pulse voltage to the main trigger electrode The pulse generator includes a primary winding and a secondary winding disposed in a state of being electrically insulated from the primary winding, the primary winding being a power source. Connected in series with the secondary side Line is connected via a conductor to the main trigger electrodes, causing dielectric breakdown between the main electrodes on the ground side of the main electrode system by increasing the potential of the main trigger electrodes, the first and the breakdown as a trigger This causes dielectric breakdown between the two main electrodes. Note that one of the first and second main electrodes of the main electrode system is the main electrode on the ground side.

  Therefore, when a steep wave voltage enters the circuit, a pulse voltage higher than the steep wave voltage is generated in the pulse generator and applied to the main trigger electrode. As a result, the potential of the main trigger electrode rises and dielectric breakdown occurs between the main electrode system and the main electrode on the ground side. Since initial electrons are generated by this dielectric breakdown, this dielectric breakdown becomes a trigger to cause dielectric breakdown between the first and second main electrodes of the main electrode system without delay. The steep wave voltage that has entered the circuit due to dielectric breakdown between the first and second main electrodes of the main electrode system is suppressed.

  Thus, according to the steep wave suppressing device of the first aspect, the first and second stage breakdowns can be quickly generated by the intrusion of the steep wave voltage, and the second stage breakdown is a trigger. Thus, dielectric breakdown can be generated between the first and second main electrodes of the main electrode system, and therefore, the dielectric breakdown of the main electrode system can be generated promptly and stably with a high discharge probability. For this reason, a steep wave voltage can be suppressed quickly and reliably. Further, since the steep wave voltage is suppressed by the dielectric breakdown of the main electrode system, it can be used for a wide range of voltages from a low voltage to a high voltage. Furthermore, since no current flows unless dielectric breakdown of the main electrode system occurs, generation of leakage current can be prevented. Further, when the steep wave voltage disappears, the dielectric breakdown disappears and the insulation is automatically restored, so that the return operation is unnecessary. Also, the safety is higher due to the existence of the insulating gap between the electrodes of the sub trigger electrode system.

Further, according to the steep wave suppressing device according to claim 2, dielectric breakdown can be quickly generated between the main trigger electrode and the main electrode on the ground side of the main electrode system due to intrusion of the steep wave voltage. Since breakdown can be a trigger to cause dielectric breakdown between the first and second main electrodes of the main electrode system, the breakdown of the main electrode system can be generated quickly and stably with a high discharge probability. Can do. For this reason, a steep wave voltage can be suppressed quickly and reliably. Further, since the steep wave voltage is suppressed by the dielectric breakdown of the main electrode system, it can be used for a wide range of voltages from a low voltage to a high voltage. Furthermore, since no current flows unless dielectric breakdown of the main electrode system occurs, generation of leakage current can be prevented. Further, when the steep wave voltage disappears, the dielectric breakdown disappears and the insulation is automatically restored, so that the return operation is unnecessary. In addition, since the secondary winding of the pulse generator, the main trigger electrode, and the conductor connecting them are not connected in the entire circuit configuration, the ground electrode (second main electrode) of the pulse generator and the main electrode system is not connected. The impedance with the electrode) is infinite. Therefore, even if a small noise containing a high frequency component flows into the primary winding of the pulse generator, no voltage is applied to the conductor unless dielectric breakdown occurs between the electrodes of the sub trigger electrode system. The main trigger electrode is not affected and the safety can be further improved. In addition, by separating the impedance between the pulse generator and the ground electrode by making the impedance infinite, a high voltage can be safely used as the voltage applied to the electrodes of the sub-trigger electrode system. That is, it can be safely operated even at a high voltage. In addition, electricity can be prevented from flowing through the conductor, and since it is disconnected on the circuit and does not become a resistor, a pulse voltage is generated only when a steep wave voltage enters without affecting the commercial power supply or load. It is possible to reliably generate a dielectric breakdown between the main electrodes by using the steep wave voltage.

  Hereinafter, the configuration of the present invention will be described in detail based on the best mode shown in the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a steep wave suppressing device to which the present invention is applied. The steep wave suppressing device is a steep wave suppressing device that suppresses the voltage of the steep wave voltage 3 that has entered the circuit 1. The steep wave suppressing device is disposed opposite to the power supply voltage with an interval that does not cause dielectric breakdown and is more powerful than the load 20. The main electrode system 13 including the first and second main electrodes 16 and 6 installed in parallel on the side, and the main electrode system with a space narrower than the space between the first and second main electrodes 16 and 6 The main trigger electrode 5 disposed opposite to the main electrode 13 on the ground side (second main electrode in this embodiment) 6 and the power source 27 are provided in series with the power source 27 side of the main electrode system 13, and a steep wave is provided. A pulse generator 10 that generates a pulse voltage higher than the steep wave voltage 3 by the penetration of the voltage 3, and a sub-trigger electrode system that generates a dielectric breakdown between the electrodes 8 and 9 when a high voltage pulse is applied from the pulse generator 10 12, the difference Butoriga electrode system 1 Of by conduction between electrode 4 and the main trigger electrodes 5 on the low potential side with the coated conductor 7 for raising the potential of the main trigger electrodes 5 when the breakdown has occurred in the sub-trigger electrode system 12, the main trigger electrode 5 A dielectric breakdown occurs between the main electrode system 13 and the main electrode 6 on the ground side of the main electrode system 13 due to an increase in potential, and a dielectric breakdown occurs between the first and second main electrodes 16 and 6 using this dielectric breakdown as a trigger. It is. In the present embodiment, the sub-trigger electrode system 12 is composed of the electrodes 8 and 9 disposed opposite to each other and the electrode 4 disposed between the electrodes 8 and 9. The electrode 4 is a low potential side electrode.

  The circuit 1 is, for example, a power system circuit, and the steep wave voltage 3 is, for example, a lightning surge voltage. However, the circuit 1 is not limited to a power system circuit. The steep wave voltage 3 is not limited to the lightning surge voltage, and may be an impulse voltage, a surge voltage, an inverter surge voltage, a pulse voltage, or the like other than the lightning surge.

The electrode 8 and the main trigger electrode 5 of the sub trigger electrode system 12 are needle electrodes, for example. The electrodes 9 and 4 of the sub trigger electrode system 12 are, for example, rod electrodes. Furthermore, the first and second main electrodes 16 and 6 of the main electrode system 13 are spherical electrodes. However, the present invention is not limited to these, and each electrode may be, for example, a rod electrode, a tip, an electrode having a sharp tip, a protrusion, a line electrode, a spherical electrode, or the like. The main electrode 16, 6 and the main trigger electrodes 5 of the main electrode system 13 is disposed, for example housed in the casing 14 in the sealed space 32 may be pressurized with an insulating gas e.g. SF ₆ or the like. When pressurizing, the lightning arrester body (the casing 14 containing the main electrode system 13 and the main trigger electrode 5) can be made compact.

  Similarly to the lightning arrester main body, the inside of the casing that houses the sub-trigger electrode system 12 may be pressurized with an insulating gas. In this case, the casing that houses the sub-trigger electrode system 12 can be made compact. Further, the main electrode system 13, the sub trigger electrode system 12, and the main trigger electrode 5 may be accommodated in the same casing and pressurized with the insulating gas in the casing. In this case, the casing may be made compact. it can. That is, the entire steep wave suppressing device can be made compact.

  The gap length between the electrodes 8 and 9 of the sub-trigger electrode system 12 is normally set to a length that does not cause dielectric breakdown at such a voltage and causes dielectric breakdown at a pulsed high voltage applied by the pulse generator 10. Has been. In addition, the gap length between the main trigger electrode 5 and the electrode 6 of the main electrode system 13 is set to a length that causes dielectric breakdown when the potential of the main trigger electrode 5 rises due to dielectric breakdown of the sub trigger electrode system 12. Has been. If the first-stage dielectric breakdown can be generated in the sub-trigger electrode system 12 and the second-stage dielectric breakdown can be generated between the main trigger electrode 5 and the electrode 6, the electrode 8 and 9 can be The gap length may be shorter than the gap length between the electrodes 5 and 6, or vice versa.

  The electrode 4 and the main trigger electrode 5 of the sub-trigger electrode system 12 are in a physical and electrical connection state by a conductor 7.

  The pulse generator 10 is shown in FIGS. The pulse generator 10 is, for example, a cylindrical air-core pulse generator, and includes a primary side winding 17 in which a conductive foil is bent into a cylindrical shape, and a secondary side winding 18 disposed inside the primary side winding 17. ing. The primary winding 17 is, for example, a soft aluminum foil, and is interposed on the power supply 27 side with respect to the load 20. The secondary winding 18 is a coil in which, for example, enameled wire is wound a predetermined number of times, and both ends 18 a and 18 a are connected to the first electrode 8 and the second electrode 9. The primary winding 17 and the secondary winding 18 are insulated by an insulating paper 19. When a current flows through the primary winding 17, a voltage higher than that voltage can be output from the secondary winding 18. The primary winding 17 may be a conductive plate such as a copper plate.

  The cylindrical air-core pulse generator 10 can easily generate a pulse width at a high voltage (higher than the power supply voltage) by using a cylindrical single-turn coil (primary winding 17) and a solenoid coil (secondary winding 18). Can generate a damped vibration wave of the order of μS. The cylindrical air-core pulse generator 10 is also characterized in that there is no loss due to frequency (such as iron loss) because the structure is air-centered.

  The operating principle of the cylindrical air-core pulse generator 10 is based on Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, and thus has a characteristic of reacting to a steep wave or impulse having a short pulse width. Further, it is possible to generate an arbitrary voltage by changing the number of windings of the primary side winding 17 and the secondary side winding 18 and the thickness of the enamel wire used for the secondary side winding 18. There are also features.

  The pulse generator 10 can generate a pulse voltage capable of causing dielectric breakdown (first-stage dielectric breakdown) between the electrodes 8 and 9 of the sub-trigger electrode system 12.

  As the pulse generator 10, for example, the use of a cylindrical pulse generator disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-313217 is suitable.

  The conductor 7 that connects the electrode 4 of the sub trigger electrode system 12 and the main trigger electrode 5 is, for example, a covered electric wire. One of the features of this steep wave suppressing device is that the conductor 7 is not connected in the entire circuit configuration. Therefore, the impedance between the pulse generator 10 and the ground electrode (second main electrode 6) is infinite. Therefore, even if a small noise containing a high frequency component flows into the primary winding 17 of the pulse generator 10, a voltage is applied to the conductor 7 if no dielectric breakdown occurs between the electrodes 8 and 9 of the sub trigger electrode system 12. It will not be done. For this reason, the main trigger electrode 5 is not affected, and the safety can be further improved. In addition, by separating the impedance between the pulse generator 10 and the ground electrode by making the impedance infinite, it is possible to safely use a high voltage as the voltage applied to the electrodes 8 and 9 of the sub-trigger electrode system 12. It becomes possible. That is, it can be safely operated even at a high voltage. Furthermore, it is possible to prevent electricity from flowing through the conductor 7, and since it is separated on the circuit and does not become a resistance, the pulse voltage is applied only when the steep wave voltage 3 enters without affecting the commercial power source or the load 20 and the like. It is possible to generate the dielectric breakdown between the main electrodes 16 and 6 reliably by using the steep wave voltage 3 generated.

  Note that, for example, a commercial frequency power supply 27 is connected to the circuit 1. However, when power is supplied from the power supply 27, the first trigger dielectric breakdown does not occur in the sub-trigger electrode system 12, and a surge caused by a lightning strike or the like. A high-voltage, high-frequency pulse generated in the pulse generator 10 due to the intrusion of the steep wave voltage 3 such as a voltage or an inverter surge voltage is applied between the electrodes 8 and 9 to cause a first stage dielectric breakdown. That is, when a high pulsed voltage (a voltage higher than that of the power source) is applied by the pulse generator 10, the first stage dielectric breakdown occurs, and the voltage normally applied to the circuit 1, for example, the voltage of the power source 27 causes dielectric breakdown. Absent.

  In addition, since the electrode 4 and the main trigger electrode 5 of the sub trigger electrode system 12 are physically and electrically connected by the conductor 7, the electrodes 4 and 5 can be separated from each other. In other words, the first-stage dielectric breakdown portion that becomes a sub-trigger by using the steep wave voltage 3 and the main electrode system 13 that has a large capacity can be installed separately, for example, on the ground and on a steel tower. So it can be used safely even when high voltage is applied.

  As shown in FIG. 4, when the steep wave voltage 3 that has entered the circuit 1 due to a lightning strike, switching operation, or the like flows into the primary winding 17 of the pulse generator 10, a magnetic flux is generated according to Ampere's law. When this magnetic flux interlinks with the secondary winding 18, a large voltage is generated at the output end according to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction. When this voltage is applied to the electrodes 8 and 9 of the sub-trigger electrode system 12 connected to the output terminal, a first stage dielectric breakdown 28 occurs, and the dielectric breakdown 28 increases the potential of the electrode 4. The potential of the main trigger electrode 5 also rises, and a dielectric breakdown (second-stage dielectric breakdown 29) occurs between the main trigger electrode 5 and the second main electrode 6 (dielectric breakdown time occurs on the order of nanoseconds). ). This second-stage dielectric breakdown 29 becomes a trigger to cause a dielectric breakdown between the main electrodes 16 and 6 to cause a short circuit, so that an overvoltage pulse voltage (steep wave voltage 3) that enters the circuit 1 and flows to the load 20 is suppressed.

  Due to the second-stage dielectric breakdown 29, initial electrons 30, ions, and discharge deterioration products (hereinafter referred to as initial electrons 30) are generated between the main electrodes 16 and 6. For this reason, the discharge probability (probability of occurrence of dielectric breakdown 31) increases, and it becomes possible to reduce the overvoltage and cause dielectric breakdown. Therefore, the steep wave voltage 3 that has entered the circuit 1 can be reduced and the influence on the load 20 can be suppressed. In addition, since the initial electrons 30 and the like are generated, even if the main electrodes 16 and 6 are provided in the sealed space 32, the dielectric breakdown (discharge) 31 can be quickly generated, and the variation in the discharge start voltage, that is, the standard Deviation can be reduced.

  Further, since the steep wave voltage 3 can be reduced and suppressed, it is possible to cope with intrusion of a lightning surge voltage, an inverter surge voltage, or the like as the steep wave voltage 3.

  In addition, by adjusting the position of the electrode 4 with respect to the electrodes 8 and 9 of the sub-trigger electrode system 12, the potential of the electrode 4 when the first stage dielectric breakdown occurs between the electrodes 8 and 9 can be adjusted. . Thereby, the electric potential of the main trigger electrode 5 can be adjusted, and the discharge probability that causes the second-stage dielectric breakdown can be adjusted.

  For example, when the pulsed high voltage applied by the pulse generator 10 is relatively low (when the overvoltage is small), the electrode 4 is brought close to the electrode 8, for example, to share the discharge resistance between the electrodes 9 and 8. The potential of the electrode 4 can be increased by increasing the voltage. As a result, the potential of the main trigger electrode 5 can be raised to an appropriate value to increase the potential difference with the electrode 6, and even if the pulsed high voltage applied by the pulse generator 10 is a small overvoltage. Even in this case, it is possible to reliably generate the second stage dielectric breakdown by increasing the discharge probability.

  On the other hand, when the pulsed high voltage applied by the pulse generator 10 is relatively high (when the overvoltage is large) or the like, the electrode 4 is moved away from the electrode 8, for example, to share the discharge resistance between the electrodes 9 and 8. The potential of the electrode 4 can be lowered by reducing the voltage. As a result, the potential of the main trigger electrode 5 can be prevented from becoming excessive and the potential difference with the electrode 6 can be reduced. Even if the pulsed high voltage applied by the pulse generator 10 is a large overvoltage. Even in this case, it is possible to reliably generate the second stage dielectric breakdown. Moreover, the burning of the main trigger electrode 5 and the main electrode 6 can be reduced.

  In addition, since the pulse generator 10 outputs a voltage higher than the voltage of the primary winding 17 from the secondary winding 18 in a pulsed manner, the first stage dielectric breakdown 28, A second-stage dielectric breakdown 29 can be generated. That is, since the second stage breakdown 29 can be generated with a high pulse voltage, the breakdown 31 in the main electrodes 16 and 6 can be reliably caused.

  Furthermore, by adjusting the gap length between the electrodes 8 and 9 of the sub-trigger electrode system 12, the voltage causing the first stage dielectric breakdown 28 can be adjusted, and the position of the electrode 4 can be adjusted. By adjusting the gap length between the electrodes 8 and 4, the potential of the main trigger electrode 5 can be adjusted, and further, the gap length between the main trigger electrode 5 and the electrode 6 of the main electrode system 13 is adjusted. As a result, the voltage causing the second-stage dielectric breakdown 29 serving as a trigger, that is, the steep wave suppressing device is activated, and the dielectric breakdown probability between the main electrodes 16 and 6 can be adjusted. That is, it is possible to adjust the steep wave voltage 3 (operating voltage) that suppresses the dielectric breakdown between the main electrodes 16 and 6.

  In this steep wave suppressing device, the steep wave voltage 3 that has entered the circuit 1 is suppressed by dielectric breakdown between the main electrodes 16 and 6 of the main electrode system 13, so that the steep wave voltage 3 does not enter during normal times when the steep wave voltage 3 does not enter. The insulation between the electrodes 16 and 6 is maintained. For this reason, generation | occurrence | production of the leakage current in normal time can be prevented reliably.

  In addition, since the steep wave voltage 3 that has entered the circuit 1 due to dielectric breakdown between the main electrodes 16 and 6 is suppressed, the gap length is adjusted and / or the pressure is adjusted (by an insulating gas or the like) so that the pressure is low, high, or extra high. Any of the circuits using any of the above can be applied.

  Moreover, since expensive parts such as semiconductor elements are not used, the manufacturing cost is low, and when the steep wave voltage disappears, the dielectric breakdown disappears and the insulation is automatically restored, so that the return operation is unnecessary. . For this reason, it can be used any number of times.

  In addition, since the dielectric breakdown is caused between the main electrodes 16 and 6 by using the second stage dielectric breakdown between the main trigger electrode 5 and the main electrode 6 as a trigger, the dielectric breakdown causing the dielectric breakdown between the main electrodes 16 and 6 is caused. Variations in the starting voltage can be suppressed, and the operation can be stabilized.

  Next, a second embodiment of the steep wave suppressing device to which the present invention is applied will be described. Note that differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described, and description of common points will be omitted. Further, the same members will be described with the same reference numerals.

  FIG. 5 shows a second embodiment of the steep wave suppressing device. The steep wave suppression device suppresses the steep wave voltage 3 that has entered the circuit 1, and is disposed opposite to the power supply 27 with an interval that does not cause dielectric breakdown with the power supply voltage, and is installed in parallel to the power supply 27 side of the load 20. The main electrode system 13 composed of the first and second main electrodes 16 and 6 and the ground side of the main electrode system 13 with a space narrower than the space between the first and second main electrodes 16 and 6. The main trigger electrode 5 disposed opposite to the main electrode (second main electrode in the present embodiment) 6 is provided in series with the power source 27 on the power source 27 side of the main electrode system 13, and the steep wave voltage 3 is intruded. A pulse generator 10 for generating a pulse voltage higher than the steep wave voltage 3 and a conductor 7 for guiding the pulse voltage to the main trigger electrode 5 to increase the potential are provided. The main electrode system is increased by increasing the potential of the main trigger electrode 5. 13 grounding mains Causing dielectric breakdown between 6 is causing a dielectric breakdown between the first and second main electrodes 16, 6 this breakdown as a trigger.

  When the steep wave voltage 3 enters the circuit 1, the pulse voltage generated by the pulse generator 10 is applied to the main trigger electrode 5 by the conductor 7. As a result, the potential of the main trigger electrode 5 rises and dielectric breakdown occurs between the main trigger electrode 5 and the second main electrode 6. This dielectric breakdown serves as a trigger, and dielectric breakdown occurs between the main electrodes 16 and 6, and the overvoltage pulse voltage (steep wave voltage 3) that enters the circuit 1 and flows to the load 20 can be suppressed.

  The steep wave suppressing device of FIG. 5 has a simplified structure and can be manufactured at a lower cost than the steep wave suppressing device of FIG. 1 because the sub-trigger electrode system 12 is omitted. Further, since the first stage dielectric breakdown is omitted, dielectric breakdown can be generated between the main electrodes 16 and 6 as quickly as that, and the responsiveness is high. Further, the overvoltage that causes dielectric breakdown between the main electrodes 16 and 6 is reduced, and the dielectric breakdown start voltage can be lowered.

  The steep wave suppressing device of FIG. 1 has one more insulating gap (gap of the sub trigger electrode system 12) compared to the steep wave suppressing device of FIG. And safer.

  The above-described embodiment is an example of a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but is not limited thereto, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. For example, in the first embodiment described above, the electrode 4 of the sub-trigger electrode system 12 and the main trigger electrode 5 are physically and electrically connected by the conductor 7, but insulation is provided between these electrodes 4 and 5. One or two or more gaps through which electricity can be conducted by destruction may be provided (dashed connection). That is, the conductor 7 is divided into a plurality of parts and a gap 34 is provided between them (FIG. 6), or a gap is provided between the conductor 7 and the electrode 4 or the main trigger electrode 5, and the sub-layer is broken by the first stage dielectric breakdown. When the potential of the electrode 4 of the trigger electrode system 12 rises, the electrode 4 of the sub trigger electrode system 12 and the main trigger electrode 5 may be made conductive by causing dielectric breakdown in the gap of the conductor 7. In other words, when the first stage dielectric breakdown occurs, the electrode 4 of the sub trigger electrode system 12 and the main trigger electrode 5 may be electrically connected. By doing in this way, in the state where the steep wave voltage 3 is not flowing, the insulation separation between the electrode 4 of the sub trigger electrode system 12 and the main trigger electrode 5 can be further ensured. The same applies to the conductor 7 of the second embodiment shown in FIG.

  Furthermore, in the first embodiment described above, the sub-trigger electrode system 12 is composed of the three electrodes 4, 8, and 9, but the sub-trigger electrode system 12 is not necessarily composed of the three electrodes 4, 8, and 9. You may make it comprise from two electrodes or four or more electrodes, without being required. FIG. 13 shows an example in which the sub trigger electrode system 12 is composed of two electrodes 4 and 8. Also in this case, when a high pulse voltage is applied to the electrode 8 of the sub-trigger electrode system 12 by the pulse generator 10, a first-stage dielectric breakdown occurs between the electrodes 8 and 4 of the sub-trigger electrode system 12. The potential of the main trigger electrode 5 rises, and a second-stage dielectric breakdown can be generated between the electrodes 5 and 6. In the steep wave suppressing device of FIG. 13, the configuration is simplified and the number of parts can be reduced by the amount of the sub-trigger electrode system 12 less than that of the steep wave suppressing device of FIG.

  In addition, when the steep wave suppressing device of the present invention is used as a lightning arrester, it is preferable to use it together with a conventional semiconductor lightning arrester (semiconductor lightning arrester using a semiconductor lightning surge protection element). In this case, it is more effective to provide the steep wave suppressing device of the present invention on the power supply 27 side than the semiconductor lightning arrester. When installed on the power supply 27 side of the conventional semiconductor lightning arrester, the pulsed high voltage was suppressed by the lightning arrester (steep wave suppression device) of the present invention, and suppressed by the conventional semiconductor lightning arrester (low voltage and good performance). Later surge voltage can be further suppressed. Since the surge voltage has a high speed of about 100 μs, it cannot be suppressed by a semiconductor lightning arrester using a semiconductor element. In addition, as a semiconductor type lightning arrester, the semiconductor lightning surge protection element currently disclosed by Unexamined-Japanese-Patent No. 5-326937 can be used, for example.

  Further, a high resistance can be connected in series to the main electrodes 16 and 6 in order to reduce the burnout of the main electrode systems 16 and 6.

  Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the case where the present invention is applied to a lightning arrester (steep wave suppression device) mainly for lightning surges has been described. However, the present invention is not particularly limited thereto, and is intended for low surge voltages such as inverter surges. You can also

  With respect to the steep wave suppressing device of FIG. 1, the relationship between the gap length d3 in the main electrodes 16 and 6 and the dielectric breakdown voltage was examined, and an experiment was performed to obtain the maximum gap length at the input voltage of 2.53 [kV] from the result. Ten measurements were taken for each parameter. A resistor having an arbitrary value assuming a load was connected to the resistor R1. This experimental apparatus is shown in FIG. In FIG. 7, “DSA” is a digital signal analyzer (DSA: oscilloscope). Reference numeral 35 is a probe, reference numeral 36 is ground, reference numeral d1 is a gap length between the main trigger electrode 5 and the main electrode 6, and reference numeral d2 is one of the electrodes 8 and 9 of the sub-trigger electrode system 12 closer to the electrode 4. This is the gap length between the electrode 4 (for example, the electrode 8) and the electrode 4.

  FIG. 8 shows the relationship between the gap length d3 and the breakdown voltage in the main electrodes 16 and 6, and the transition of the number of breakdowns. As is apparent from FIG. 8, the gap length d3 of the main electrodes 16 and 6 has caused dielectric breakdown to a distance of 1.5 [mm], and the steep wave suppressing device has a considerably large gap length. I found it working. Moreover, it was confirmed that dielectric breakdown 10 times out of 10 experiments was up to 0.7 [mm], and this gap length was the maximum gap length of the main electrodes 16 and 6 when 2.53 [kV] was applied. It turns out that. In addition, the dielectric breakdown voltage caused a dielectric breakdown at a position close to the peak value regardless of the change in the gap length d3, and had a similar value. This is considered that the dielectric breakdown voltage in the main trigger electrode system (the main trigger electrode 5 and the second main electrode 6) is 90% to 100% of the peak value of the steep wave pulse voltage. Therefore, even if the gap length d3 of the main electrodes 16 and 6 is changed, the breakdown voltage becomes substantially the same value, and it is considered that the gap length d3 of the main electrodes 16 and 6 was not affected.

  With respect to the steep wave suppressing device of FIG. 1 and the steep wave suppressing device of FIG. 5, the dielectric breakdown characteristics of the main electrodes 16 and 6 when the input voltage is changed from 1.5 [kV] to 4.0 [kV] are examined. The experiment was conducted. The apparatus shown in FIG. 7 was used as the experimental apparatus for the steep wave suppressing apparatus shown in FIG. 1, and the apparatus shown in FIG. 9 was used as the experimental apparatus for the steep wave suppressing apparatus shown in FIG. A resistor having an arbitrary value assuming a load was connected to the resistor R1. In FIG. 9, “DSA” is a digital signal analyzer (DSA: oscilloscope).

  FIG. 10 shows the dielectric breakdown characteristics of the main electrodes 16 and 6 with respect to the input voltage. As is clear from FIG. 10, it was found that the steep wave suppressing device of the present invention suppresses a voltage of 10 [%] to 20 [%] with respect to the input voltage. However, the voltage reduction rate of the steep wave suppression device of FIG. 1 was smaller than that of the steep wave suppression device of FIG. In the steep wave suppression device of FIG. 1, the trigger electrode is also multistage (the stage of the sub-trigger electrode system 12 and the stage of the main trigger electrode 5 and the main electrode 6). In addition, it is considered that it takes more time than the steep wave suppressing device of FIG. However, since the pulse generator 10 used this time is one type, it is considered that this problem can be improved if the pulse generator 10 capable of generating a larger voltage is used.

1 is a circuit diagram showing a first embodiment of a steep wave suppressing device to which the present invention is applied. It is the schematic block diagram which looked at the cylindrical air-core pulse generator from the side. It is a perspective view of the state where a schematic structure of a cylindrical air core pulse generator was shown and the primary side coil was partly removed. It is a circuit diagram which shows the action | operation of the steep wave suppression apparatus of FIG. It is a circuit diagram which shows 2nd Embodiment of the steep wave suppression apparatus to which this invention is applied. It is a circuit diagram which shows 3rd Embodiment of the steep wave suppression apparatus to which this invention is applied. It is a circuit diagram which shows the experimental apparatus of the steep wave suppression apparatus of FIG. It is a figure which shows transition of the relationship between the gap length in a main electrode, and a dielectric breakdown voltage, and the frequency | count of discharge. It is a circuit diagram which shows the experimental apparatus of the steep wave suppression apparatus of FIG. It is a figure which shows the dielectric breakdown characteristic in the main electrode with respect to input voltage. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the conventional zinc oxide type lightning arrester. It is a schematic block diagram which shows the lightning arrester which has the conventional gap. It is a circuit diagram which shows 4th Embodiment of the steep wave suppression apparatus to which this invention is applied.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Circuit 3 Steep-wave voltage 4 Electrode on the low potential side of the sub trigger electrode system 5 Main trigger electrode 6 Second main electrode of the main electrode system (main electrode on the ground side)
7 Conductor 10 Pulse generator 12 Sub-trigger electrode system 13 Main electrode system 16 First main electrode 20 of main electrode system Load 27 Power supply

Claims (2)

In a steep wave suppressing device that suppresses a steep wave voltage that has entered a circuit, the first and second main devices are arranged opposite to each other with an interval that does not cause dielectric breakdown with the power supply voltage and are arranged in parallel to the power supply side with respect to the load. A main electrode system composed of electrodes, a main trigger electrode disposed opposite to the main electrode on the ground side of the main electrode system at an interval narrower than an interval between the first and second main electrodes, and the main electrode A pulse generator that is provided in series with the power supply on the power supply side of the system and generates a pulse voltage higher than the steep wave voltage due to intrusion of the steep wave voltage, and a pulse voltage is applied from the pulse generator A sub-trigger electrode system that causes dielectric breakdown in the sub-trigger electrode system, and when the dielectric breakdown occurs in the sub-trigger electrode system, the low-potential side electrode of the sub-trigger electrode system and the main trigger electrode are electrically connected. A conductor for increasing the potential of the trigger electrode, and causing a dielectric breakdown with the main electrode on the ground side of the main electrode system by increasing the potential of the main trigger electrode; A steep wave suppressing device that causes dielectric breakdown between the second main electrodes. In a steep wave suppressing device that suppresses a steep wave voltage that has entered a circuit, the first and second main devices are arranged opposite to each other with an interval that does not cause dielectric breakdown with the power supply voltage and are arranged in parallel to the power supply side with respect to the load. A main electrode system composed of electrodes, a main trigger electrode disposed opposite to the main electrode on the ground side of the main electrode system at an interval narrower than an interval between the first and second main electrodes, and the main electrode A pulse generator provided in series with a power supply on the power supply side of the system, and generating a pulse voltage higher than the steep wave voltage by intrusion of the steep wave voltage; and introducing the pulse voltage to the main trigger electrode to generate a potential. A conductor to be raised, and the pulse generator includes a primary winding and a secondary winding disposed in a state of being electrically insulated from the primary winding, the primary winding being the power source Connected in series with Are both connected the secondary winding via the conductor to the main trigger electrodes, causing dielectric breakdown between the main electrodes on the ground side of the main electrode system by increasing the potential of the main trigger electrodes, A steep wave suppression device that causes dielectric breakdown to occur between the first and second main electrodes by using the dielectric breakdown as a trigger.

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