JP4366454B2 - Headlight - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a headlamp for an automobile, for example, and relates to a headlamp in which a predetermined low beam light distribution pattern and a high beam light distribution pattern are respectively obtained by full-surface reflection light distribution on a reflecting surface. It is related with the headlamp with which the visibility of the pedestrian of the shoulder of the self-propelled lane by a low beam is improved, without negatively affecting the light distribution pattern of this, and the light distribution pattern of a high beam.
[0002]
In the present specification, “front” refers to the forward direction of the automobile as viewed from the driver side. Further, in this specification and the drawings, the symbol “L” indicates the left side when looking forward from the driver side, and the symbol “R” indicates the right side when looking forward from the driver side. Further, the symbol “U” indicates the upper side when the front is viewed from the driver side, and the symbol “D” indicates the lower side when the front is viewed from the driver side. The symbol “HH” indicates a horizontal line (horizontal axis), and the symbol “V-V” indicates a vertical line (vertical axis).
[0003]
[Prior art]
Hereinafter, this type of headlamp will be described with reference to FIGS. The headlight shown in the figure is mounted on the left side of the left-passage vehicle (the left side when looking forward from the driver side and the right side when looking at the front side of the vehicle from the front). Is. In addition, the headlamps mounted on the right-hand traffic class vehicle are opposite to the illustrated headlamps. Furthermore, the headlamp mounted on the right side of the automobile is substantially symmetrical with the headlamp shown in the figure.
[0004]
In this headlamp, a lamp chamber 3 is defined by a lamp housing 1 and a lens (outer lens) 2. In the lamp chamber 3, a reflector 4 separate from the lamp housing 1 is rotatable in the vertical direction and / or the horizontal direction by a pivot mechanism (not shown) and an optical axis adjusting device (not shown). Has been placed. The reflector 4 has a reflecting surface 40 composed of a composite reflecting surface. The reflection surface 40, that is, the composite reflection surface is composed of a plurality of reflection surface segments (not shown) that are divided into a plurality of vertical and horizontal directions, and is referred to as a so-called free-form surface. This free-form surface is described, for example, in JP-A-9-306220.
Although this composite reflecting surface does not have a single focal point in a strict sense, the difference in focal length between the plurality of rotary paraboloids forming the composite reflecting surface is small and almost the same. Strictly speaking, the focus F shown in the figure is a pseudo focus, but in the present specification, this is referred to as a focus F. Similarly, although the optical axis ZZ shown in the figure is strictly a pseudo optical axis, it will be referred to as an optical axis in this specification.
[0005]
A light source bulb 5 is detachably attached to the reflector 4 described above. The light source bulb 5 is a light source bulb without a light shielding hood, in which a low beam filament 51 and a high beam filament 52 are arranged in a glass tube 50, and a black tube is provided at the tip of the glass tube 50, for example. A coating film 54 (which blocks direct light from the low beam filament 51 and the high beam filament 52 from reaching the lens 2) is provided.
The low beam filament 51 described above is substantially parallel to the optical axis ZZ of the reflecting surface 40 and is located in front of the focal point F of the reflecting surface 40. Further, the high beam filament 52 is substantially parallel to the optical axis ZZ, and is further obliquely below the focal point F than the low beam filament 51 (lower left for the left-hand traffic segment, lower right for the right-hand traffic segment). ) Or below.
[0006]
In the figure, 6 is a shade. The shade 6 is fixed to the reflector 4 and covers the front of the light source bulb 5, and direct light from the low beam filament 51 and the high beam filament 52 is applied to the ineffective portion 42 and the lens 2 of the reflector 4. It is a thing that cuts off from reaching. Reference numeral 60 denotes a rubber cap. The rubber cap 60 is detachably attached in a watertight manner between the base of the light source bulb 5 and the rear opening of the lamp housing 1 by an attachment cap 61, and keeps the interior of the lamp chamber 3 watertight.
[0007]
And in the above-mentioned headlamp using the reflector 4 of the reflecting surface 40 composed of the above-described composite reflecting surface and the light source bulb 5 composed of the above-mentioned low-beam filament 51 and high-beam filament 52, When the filament 51 is turned on, the light from the low beam filament 51 is reflected over the entire reflection surface 40, and the reflected light is irradiated to the outside through the lens 2 with a predetermined low beam light distribution pattern LP shown in FIG. The On the other hand, when the high beam filament 52 is turned on, the light from the high beam filament 52 is reflected over the entire reflecting surface 40, and the reflected light passes through the lens 2 to the outside, and a predetermined high beam distribution pattern shown in FIG. Irradiated with HP. In this way, the predetermined low beam light distribution pattern LP and the predetermined high beam light distribution pattern HP are controlled and formed by the total reflection light distribution on the reflecting surface 40.
As a headlamp using the reflection surface 40 of the composite reflection surface and the light source bulb 5 described above, for example, there is one described in JP-A-8-329703.
[0008]
The predetermined low beam light distribution pattern LP and the predetermined high beam light distribution pattern HP described above are the European light distribution standard ECEReg. Or a light distribution pattern conforming to a light distribution standard such as FMVSS of the North American light distribution standard (for example, Japanese type approval standard).
[0009]
In the above-described low beam light distribution pattern LP, light distribution standardization is performed so as to limit dazzling light. As a result, the light distribution pattern LP of the low beam described above has a light and dark boundary line 71 that is taken into consideration for the oncoming vehicle 7 and the pedestrian 70 on the left shoulder as shown in FIG. That is, the light / dark boundary line 71 includes a horizontal line portion 72 located between the right end and substantially the center and slightly below the horizontal line HL-HR so as not to give glare to the oncoming vehicle 7, and the left shoulder. A mildly inclined portion 73 that is gently inclined from the central horizontal line portion 72, for example, 15 ° to the upper left, and the gently inclined portion thereof so that the left shoulder pedestrian 70 can be visually recognized without giving dazzling light to the pedestrian 70. 73 and an inclined portion 74 which returns to the horizontal line portion 72 after being inclined downwardly to the lower left. Further, there is no standard regarding the maximum luminous intensity value in the low beam light distribution pattern LP.
[0010]
On the other hand, in the above-described high beam light distribution pattern HP, the maximum light intensity value and the maximum light intensity band are standardized. As a result, the above-described high beam light distribution pattern HP has a hot zone (maximum luminous intensity band including the maximum luminous intensity point) at the center as shown in FIG. Here, the European light distribution standard ECEReg. The maximum luminous intensity value at 48 to 240 lx (1lx = 625 cd, measured on a screen 25 m away), and the luminous intensity value at the intersection HV of the horizontal line HL-HR and the vertical line VU-VD is , 80% or more of the maximum luminous intensity value (authentication).
[0011]
In the above-mentioned headlamp, the visibility of a pedestrian on the shoulder of a self-propelled lane by a low beam can be improved without negatively affecting the predetermined low beam distribution pattern LP and the high beam distribution pattern HP. is important. In order to improve the visibility of the pedestrian on the shoulder of the self-propelled lane by this low beam, it is necessary to distribute the light with an emphasis on the zone where the visibility of the shoulder pedestrian is improved.
Next, conditions for improving the visibility of a pedestrian on the shoulder of a self-propelled lane by a low beam, that is, the above-described zone will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 to 12.
[0012]
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a relative positional relationship between the own vehicle 75 and the pedestrian 70 and the obstacle 76. In FIG. 9, the width of the oncoming lane 77 and the self-propelled lane 78 is 3.5 m, respectively, and the width of the left road shoulder 79 is 1 m. The own vehicle 75 is located approximately at the center of the self-propelled lane 78, the pedestrian 70 is outside the left shoulder 79 in consideration of jumping, and the obstacle 76 is 1 from the center line (shown by a broken line) of the self-propelled lane 78. Place each on a line parallel to the center line separated by .75 m.
[0013]
FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram showing each visual point on the screen by the above-mentioned headlamp mounted on the left side of the automobile. Each visual point in FIG. 10 is calculated under the following conditions. That is, in a pedestrian who is 170 cm tall, the height of the visual recognition point on the waist is 95 cm, the height of the visual recognition point on the knee is 50 cm, and the height of the visual recognition point on the shoe is 10 cm. Moreover, the height of the visual recognition point of the obstacle is 10. Further, when the host vehicle 75 is a sedan vehicle, the headlight mounting height is 65 cm and the headlight mounting width is 100 cm. When the host vehicle 75 is a minivan vehicle, the headlight mounting height is 75 cm. The mounting width of the headlamp is 120 cm.
[0014]
FIG. 11 is a point plot on the screen of a sedan car, and FIG. 12 is a point plot on the screen of a minivan car. In addition, the visual recognition point L in FIG.11 and FIG.12 shows the visual recognition point of the shoe part ahead 20m, and does not mean "left side". Similarly, the visual recognition point Z indicates a visual recognition point of an obstacle ahead of 40 m and does not mean an “optical axis”.
As is apparent from FIGS. 11 and 12, the pedestrian 70 on the left shoulder 79 is illuminated mainly by the headlight mounted on the left side of the automobile in the left-hand traffic section. H-2L, 0.5D-2L for points excluding points A, D, G, and J, which are inevitably surely distributed in light and dark boundary line 71, based on the calculation result of the visual point. By distributing light with emphasis on the zone 8 (shown by a broken line) surrounded by 2D-7L and H-7L, the visibility of the roadside pedestrian 70 can be improved.
[0015]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
And in the above-mentioned headlamp, European light distribution standard ECEReg. Alternatively, a light distribution design is made so as to be compatible with a light distribution standard such as FMVSS of the North American light distribution standard (for example, Japanese type approval standard). In this light distribution standard, as described above, although there is no standard regarding the maximum light intensity value of the low beam light distribution pattern LP, the maximum light intensity value of the high beam light distribution pattern HP and the points that define the coefficient light intensity value thereof There are standards such as maximum luminous intensity band.
[0016]
On the other hand, the above-mentioned headlamp is formed by controlling the predetermined low beam light distribution pattern LP and the predetermined high beam light distribution pattern HP, respectively, by the reflection light distribution on the entire reflecting surface 40. 40 in the same portion (in the case of the left-hand traffic section, as shown in FIG. 13, the maximum luminous intensity band forming portion 85 indicated by the thick line in the third quadrant 83 of the reflecting surface 40), the maximum of the low beam light distribution pattern LP The light intensity band and the maximum light intensity band of the high beam light distribution pattern HP are simultaneously controlled and distributed. In FIG. 13, reference numerals 81, 82, 83, and 84 indicate the first quadrant, the second quadrant, the third quadrant, and the fourth quadrant when the reflector 4 is viewed from the front, and the reference T <b> 1 indicates a dimension of about 20 mm. The same portion 85 described above has a fan shape with a central angle θ of around 20 °.
[0017]
Therefore, in the above-described headlamp, the maximum luminous intensity band of the low beam light distribution pattern LP (patterns 1, 2, and 3 in FIG. 14A) is the maximum luminous intensity band of the high beam light distribution pattern HP (FIG. 14 (B), the light distribution conforms to the light distribution standard conformity of the patterns 1, 2, 3). 14A and 14B are reflected light emission patterns corresponding to the blocks 1, 2, and 3 of the maximum luminous intensity band forming portion 85 of the reflecting surface 40 in FIG. Reference numeral 8 denotes the above-mentioned road shoulder pedestrian visibility improving zone.
[0018]
Here, in order to improve the visibility of the shoulder pedestrian 70, the patterns 1, 2, and 3 controlled by the maximum light intensity zone forming portion 85 are arranged with emphasis on the shoulder pedestrian visibility improving zone 8. When light is emitted, there is a problem in that the basic light distribution performance of each of the low beam distribution pattern LP and the high beam distribution pattern HP is negatively affected as follows.
[0019]
For example, as shown in FIG. 15, the patterns 1, 2, and 3 whose light distribution is controlled in the maximum luminous intensity band forming portion 85 (see FIG. 13) are moved to the left, and the emphasis is placed on the road pedestrian visibility improving zone 8. In the low beam distribution pattern LP, as shown in (A), the light at the visual recognition point Z of the obstacle ahead of 40 m is lost, while in the high beam distribution pattern HP, (B ), The maximum luminous intensity band and the maximum luminous intensity point MAX are on the left, and the luminous intensity value of the intersection HV between the horizontal line HL-HR and the vertical line VU-VD is standard (80% or more of the maximum luminous intensity value (authentication) )) Is difficult to satisfy.
[0020]
Further, as shown in FIG. 16, in FIG. 15, the patterns 1 and 2 that are subjected to light distribution control in the maximum luminous intensity band forming portion 85 (see FIG. 13) are further lowered to the road shoulder pedestrian visibility improving zone 8. When light is distributed with emphasis, in the light distribution pattern LP of the low beam, as shown in FIG. 15A, the gently inclined portion 73 of the light / dark boundary 71 described earlier with reference to FIG. In the high beam light distribution pattern HP, as shown in FIG. 15B , the maximum luminous intensity band is further lowered downward, and the luminous intensity value of the intersection HV between the horizontal line HL-HR and the vertical line VU-VD is specified ( Satisfying 80% or more of the maximum luminous intensity value (authentication) becomes more severe.
[0021]
An object of the present invention is to provide a headlamp that improves the visibility of pedestrians on the shoulder of a self-propelled lane by a low beam without negatively affecting a predetermined low beam light distribution pattern and a high beam light distribution pattern. There is.
[0022]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention provides a method for visually confirming a shoulder pedestrian adjacent above a portion of the reflecting surface that forms a maximum luminous intensity band in the predetermined low beam distribution pattern and the high beam distribution pattern. Reflective surface segment for improving performance is provided ,
Of the reflecting surface segments for improving the visibility of the roadside pedestrian, a portion of the horizontal line that is parallel to the horizontal portion of the light / dark boundary line is formed by the portion closest to the horizontal line passing through the center of the reflector, and the roadside walking A light distribution pattern having a shape inclined to the lower left is formed by a portion above the nearest portion of the reflective surface segment for improving human visibility .
[0023]
As a result, the headlamp of the present invention reflects a part of the light from the light source bulb to the shoulder side of the self-propelled lane by the reflecting surface segment for improving the visibility of the shoulder pedestrian independent of the maximum luminous intensity zone forming part. The visibility of the pedestrian on the shoulder of the self-propelled lane by the low beam is improved without negatively affecting the predetermined low beam light distribution pattern and the high beam light distribution pattern.
[0024]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a headlamp of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 3. In the figure, the same reference numerals as those in FIGS. 4 to 16 denote the same components. The illustrated headlamp is mounted on the left side of the left-hand traffic classification vehicle. In addition, the headlamps mounted on the right-hand traffic class vehicle are opposite to the illustrated headlamps. Furthermore, the headlamp mounted on the right side of the automobile is substantially symmetrical with the headlamp shown in the figure.
[0025]
The headlamp of the present invention in this embodiment forms a maximum luminous intensity band in a predetermined low beam light distribution pattern LP and high beam light distribution pattern HP on the reflecting surface 40 of the reflector 4 as shown in FIG. parts (parts indicated by thick lines in the figure 1) road shoulder pedestrian visibility improving reflecting surface segments it adjacent the upper (the portion indicated by hatching in FIG. 1) 85 86 is provided Yes.
In the present embodiment, the road surface pedestrian visibility improving reflecting surface segment 86 is below the horizontal line HL-HR to the lower side of the third quadrant 83 to a predetermined distance T2 (in this example, the maximum value is 5 mm). It consists of a side portion and an upper portion up to a predetermined distance T3 (in this example, the maximum value is 8 mm) on the second quadrant 82 side above the horizontal line HL-HR, and is independent of the maximum luminous intensity band forming portion 85 It constitutes a reflective surface.
[0026]
The reflection pattern of the reflected light in the portion 5 mm above and below the horizontal line HL-HR in the reflective surface segment 86 for improving the visibility of the roadside pedestrian is as shown in FIG. A horizontally elongated pattern 87 substantially parallel to 72 is obtained. In addition, the reflected light emission pattern in the portion having a width from the horizontal line HL-HR to the upper 5 mm to 8 mm in the reflective surface segment 86 for improving the visibility of the shoulder pedestrian is as shown in FIG. 2 (B). A pattern 88 having an inclined shape is obtained. Therefore, the pattern obtained by the reflecting surface segment 86 for improving the shoulder pedestrian visibility is a combination of the above-described pattern 87 and the pattern 88 and has a shape along the zone 8 for improving the pedestrian visibility.
[0027]
Since the headlamp of the present invention in this embodiment is configured as described above, when the low-beam filament 51 is turned on, as shown in FIG. The pattern 89 of the maximum luminous intensity zone that has been subjected to the control light distribution is shaped along the road pedestrian visibility improving zone 8 with the blocks A, B, and C of the reflective surface segment 86 for improving the visibility of the shoulder pedestrian on the reflective surface 40. Since the patterns A, B, and C that are controlled and distributed are added, the visibility of the shoulder pedestrian 70 is improved without the light of the visual recognition point of the 40-m forward obstacle Z being lost.
[0028]
Further, when the high beam filament 52 is turned on, as shown in FIG. 3B, the shoulder walking of the reflecting surface 40 is performed on the pattern 89 of the maximum luminous intensity band controlled and distributed by the maximum luminous intensity band forming portion 85 of the reflecting surface 40. Since the patterns A, B, and C that are controlled by the blocks A, B, and C of the reflective surface segment 86 for improving the visibility of the person in the shape of the road pedestrian visibility improving zone 8 are added, the horizontal line HL-HR And the vertical line VU-VD at the intersection HV is almost the maximum luminous intensity, and the standard (80% or more of the maximum luminous intensity value (authentication)) can be easily satisfied.
[0029]
As described above, the headlamp of the present invention in this embodiment self-propels part of the light from the light source bulb 5 by the reflecting surface segment 86 for improving the shoulder pedestrian visibility independent of the maximum luminous intensity zone forming portion 85. Since the light is reflected on the shoulder side of the lane, the visibility of the pedestrian 70 on the shoulder of the self-propelled lane by the low beam is improved without negatively affecting the predetermined low beam light distribution pattern LP and the high beam light distribution pattern HP. .
[0030]
In the above-described embodiment, the predetermined low-beam light distribution pattern LP and the high-beam light distribution pattern HP are controlled and formed by the total reflection light distribution on the reflection surface 40. It may also be one having a diffusion optical element group (so-called diffusion system prism element group) or the like.
In the above-described embodiment, the lamp housing 1 and the reflector 4 having the reflecting surface 40 have been described as separate examples. However, the headlamp according to the present invention may be one in which the lamp housing and the reflector are integrated. Applicable.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above, the headlamp of the present invention uses the reflecting surface segment for improving the shoulder pedestrian visibility independent of the maximum light intensity zone forming portion, and part of the light from the light source bulb is on the shoulder side of the self-propelled lane. Therefore, the visibility of the pedestrian on the shoulder of the self-propelled lane by the low beam is improved without negatively affecting the predetermined light distribution pattern of the low beam and the light distribution pattern of the high beam.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view of a reflecting surface of a reflector showing an embodiment of a headlamp of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows an exit pattern of a reflecting surface segment for improving the visibility of a shoulder pedestrian by a low beam, (A) is a pattern image diagram in a portion with a width of 5 mm above and below, and (B) is a portion with a width of 5 to 8 mm above (A). It is the pattern image figure which added.
3A is an image diagram of a light distribution pattern of a low beam controlled in a maximum light intensity band forming portion, and FIG. 3B is an image diagram of a light distribution pattern of a high beam controlled in a maximum light intensity band forming portion.
FIG. 4 is a front view showing a conventional headlamp, in a state where a reflecting surface and a shade of a reflector are seen through through a lens.
5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VV in FIG.
6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line VI-VI in FIG.
FIG. 7 is an image diagram of a light distribution pattern of a low beam.
FIG. 8 is an image diagram of a light distribution pattern of a high beam.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram showing a relative positional relationship between the own vehicle, a pedestrian, and an obstacle.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory view showing each visual point on the screen by the above-mentioned headlamp mounted on the left side of the automobile.
FIG. 11 is a point plot diagram on a screen in a sedan vehicle.
FIG. 12 is a point plot diagram on a screen in a minivan vehicle.
FIG. 13 is a front view of a reflection surface of a conventional headlamp.
14A is an image diagram of a low beam light distribution pattern controlled in the maximum luminous intensity band forming portion, and FIG. 14B is an image diagram of a high beam light distribution pattern controlled in the maximum luminous intensity band forming portion.
FIG. 15 shows a pattern in which light distribution control is performed at the maximum luminous intensity zone forming portion and the light distribution is performed with emphasis on the shoulder pedestrian visibility improving zone, and (A) is a low beam light distribution pattern. (B) is an image diagram of a high beam light distribution pattern.
FIG. 16 shows a pattern in which light distribution control is further performed downward in the maximum luminous intensity zone forming portion and light distribution is performed with emphasis on the shoulder pedestrian visibility improving zone, and (A) is a low beam light distribution. An image diagram of the pattern, (B) is an image diagram of the light distribution pattern of the high beam.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Lamp housing, 2 ... Lens, 3 ... Lamp room, 4 ... Reflector for headlamps, 40 ... Reflecting surface comprised of compound reflecting surfaces (so-called free curved surface), 5 ... Light source bulb, 51 ... Low beam filament, 52 ... Filament for high beam, 6 ... Shade, 70 ... Road shoulder pedestrian, 71 ... Light / dark boundary line, 72 ... Horizontal line portion, 73 ... Slightly inclined portion, 8 ... Zone for improving shoulder pedestrian visibility, 85 ... Maximum luminous intensity zone formation Portion 86: Reflective segment for improving roadside pedestrian visibility, 89: Maximum luminous intensity band, LP: Low beam distribution pattern, HP: High beam distribution pattern, HZ: Hot zone, F: Focus, ZZ ... Optical axis, HH ... Horizontal line (horizontal axis), VV ... Vertical line (vertical axis), U ... Upper side, D ... Lower side, L ... Left side, R ... Right side.

Claims (1)

A lamp housing is defined by a lamp housing and a lens, a light source bulb and a reflector are arranged in the lamp chamber, and the light source bulb has a low beam filament arranged above the high beam filament, The reflector has a reflecting surface composed of a composite reflecting surface, and when the low beam filament is turned on, a predetermined low beam light distribution pattern is formed by the total reflection light distribution on the reflecting surface, When the high beam filament is lit, a headlight in which a predetermined high beam light distribution pattern is formed by the total reflection light distribution on the reflection surface,
Of the reflecting surface, a portion from the horizon to a predetermined distance above and below the portion forming the maximum luminous intensity band in the predetermined low beam distribution pattern and the high beam distribution pattern is visually recognized by a shoulder pedestrian. Only the reflective surface segment for improving performance is provided.
Of the reflecting surface segments for improving the visibility of roadside pedestrians, a horizontally elongated light distribution pattern is formed in the vicinity of the horizontal line passing through the approximate center of the light source and parallel to the horizontal part of the light / dark boundary line, and the light distribution pattern forming part A light distribution pattern having a shape inclined to the lower left is formed by the upper part of, and this is combined to distribute the light.
The predetermined low beam light distribution pattern by reflecting a part of the light from the light source bulb to the shoulder side of the self-propelled lane by the reflecting surface segment for improving the visibility of the shoulder pedestrian independent of the maximum luminous intensity band forming portion. and without adversely affecting the light distribution pattern of the high beam, the headlamp, wherein the Turkey roadside visibility of pedestrians in the free-running lane by the low beam is improved.

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