JP4352262B2 - Impact testing machine - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an impact tester, and more particularly, to an impact tester of a type in which a carriage is caused to travel and collide with a wall body and an impact load is applied to a specimen between the carriage and the wall body.

For example, a pendulum type collision tester and a barrier type (cart type) collision tester are conventionally known as tests for evaluating the collision characteristics of each part of a vehicle body (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1).
As schematically shown in FIG. 2, the pendulum type collision tester is configured to attach a specimen W to a carriage 21 and cause the pendulum 22 to collide with the specimen W, and the carriage 21 is caused by the collision of the pendulum 22. Although the vehicle travels, the travel energy is received by the stopper 23 and absorbed.

On the other hand, as schematically shown in FIG. 3, the barrier type (trolley type) collision test machine attaches the specimen W to the cart 31 and pulls the cart 31 at a high speed by the winch 32 to collide with the reaction force wall 33. It is a method.
Kobe Steel Making Technique vol. 52, no. 3 (November 2002)

  By the way, among the conventional collision test machines as described above, the pendulum type collision test machine requires a large pendulum 21 and a large space for the swing, and there is a problem that the apparatus as a whole becomes large. .

  In addition, the barrier type (trolley type) collision tester does not have the above-mentioned problems spatially, but the reaction wall 33 needs to withstand the energy at the time of the collision of the carriage 31. Therefore, a large mass and size are required. It is necessary to fix the reaction wall 33 to the foundation, and there is a problem that not only the installation area including the foundation is increased, but also a large vibration is transmitted to the surroundings at the time of collision.

  The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and has the same function as a conventional barrier type (trolley type) collision tester, while being able to effectively divert the energy of a collision with a wall. There is no need to provide a large reaction wall, and the challenge is to provide an impact tester that can reduce the size of the equipment and reduce the installation area, while at the same time suppressing the transmission of vibrations to the surroundings. It is said.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the impact tester of the present invention is held by any of these by accelerating the carriage with the acceleration device and traveling toward the wall, and the carriage collides with the wall. In the impact testing machine that applies impact load to the test specimen, the accelerator and the carriage are mounted on the test bench, the wall is integrally formed on the test bench, and the test bench is fixed to the foundation. It is characterized by being mounted so as to be movable in the traveling direction of the carriage with respect to the base that has been made (claim 1).

  Here, in this invention, the structure (Claim 2) by which the damper for relieving the impact to the moving direction of the said test stand is interposed between the said test stand and a base is employ | adopted suitably. be able to.

  In the present invention, it is desirable that the acceleration device is a hydraulic cylinder.

  The present invention does not assume that the wall colliding with the carriage is fixed to the foundation, but is configured to be fixed on a movable test bench with respect to the base so that the reaction force due to the collision is not transmitted to the foundation. This makes it possible to significantly reduce the mass and dimensions of the reaction wall as compared with the conventional cart type. The base is also sufficient with a relatively small mass and size.

  That is, the wall body that collides with the carriage and the acceleration device that accelerates the carriage are mounted on a common test bench together with the carriage, and the test bench is arranged to be movable in the acceleration direction of the carriage with respect to the base. In this configuration, when the trolley is accelerated by the acceleration device, the test table moves in the direction opposite to the acceleration direction of the trolley due to the reaction force. When the carriage collides with the wall, the reaction moves in the direction of acceleration of the carriage, that is, the direction opposite to the above, and ideally these cancel each other, and the movement of the carriage stops. The reaction force due to the acceleration of the carriage and the collision with the wall of the carriage moves the test bench and is not transmitted to the foundation, thus eliminating the need for large foundation work as in the past and reducing the installation area, Vibrations at the time of collision are hardly transmitted to the surroundings.

  Here, when comparing the energy efficiency between the case where the carriage collides with the reaction force wall fixed as in the conventional case and the case where the carriage collides against the wall body fixed on the movable test bench, the mass of the test bench is calculated. By making it sufficiently larger than the mass of the carriage, it can be made almost equal as will be described later.

  Further, as in the invention according to claim 2, by interposing a damper between the test table and the base, the movement amount of the test table can be suppressed and a compact device configuration can be realized.

  If the acceleration device is a hydraulic cylinder as in the invention according to claim 3, there is an advantage that it can be made to collide with the wall body at a high speed under a short approach.

  According to the present invention, since the carriage, its acceleration device, and the wall with which the carriage collides are arranged on the test table movable with respect to the base, the reaction force during acceleration of the carriage and the wall of the carriage Impact test that causes the reaction force at the time of collision to move the test table in opposite directions, and these reaction forces are not transmitted to the foundation, so that the carriage collides with the reaction force wall fixed to the conventional foundation Compared with the machine, the foundation work can be simplified and the installation area of the apparatus as a whole can be reduced, and at the same time, the transmission of vibration due to a collision to the surroundings can be suppressed.

  According to the invention of claim 2, since the damper is interposed between the base and the test table, the amount of movement of the test table can be reduced, and the apparatus can be made more compact. .

  Furthermore, according to the invention according to claim 3, the test stand can be accelerated by the hydraulic cylinder, and the cart can be accelerated at a high speed under a short run. This can reduce the size of the test stand. Thus, the apparatus can be further downsized.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of an embodiment of the present invention, and is a diagram illustrating a schematic diagram showing a mechanical configuration and a block diagram showing a system configuration.

  A test table 2 is placed on a base 1 fixed to the foundation G via a plurality of rollers 2a. As a result, the test table 2 moves on the base 1 in the left-right direction in the drawing, that is, a carriage 8 described later. It can move in the same direction as the direction.

  Vertical stoppers 1a and 1b are respectively fixed to the front and rear ends of the test stand 2 of the base 1 between the stoppers 1a and 1b and the front and rear ends of the test stand 2 in the movement direction. Dampers 3a and 3b are provided, respectively.

  A wall body 4 is fixed vertically on the test table 2, and a specimen W is mounted on the wall body 4 via a load cell 5. On the test stand 2, an adjustment stand 6 that can adjust the distance to the wall body 4 by the position adjustment mechanism 6 a is disposed. On the adjustment stand 6, an acceleration device 7 and a carriage 8 are placed. ing. The carriage 8 is movable in the left-right direction in the drawing along a guide 6 b provided on the upper surface of the adjustment stand 6. An impact jig 8a is attached to the carriage 8.

  The acceleration device 7 uses the hydraulic cylinder 7a as an actuator, and can drive the carriage 8 in the direction toward the wall body 4 along the guide 6b by driving the hydraulic cylinder 7a. The hydraulic cylinder 7a is driven and controlled by a hydraulic circuit mainly including a hydraulic source 7b, an oil tank 7c, an accumulator 7d, and a servo valve 7e. That is, by controlling the valve opening degree of the servo valve 7e by a control signal from the control device 9, the flow rate of hydraulic oil flowing into and out of the hydraulic cylinder 7a from the hydraulic source 7b is controlled, and is preset in the control device 9. The carriage 8 is accelerated by controlling the hydraulic cylinder 7a under the existing speed.

  The control device 9 detects the test force detection signal from the load cell 5, the output of the stroke sensor 7f for detecting the displacement of the hydraulic cylinder 7a, and the relative speed with respect to the test table 6 attached to the carriage 8. The output of the speed sensor 8b is taken in, and each of these outputs is amplified and digitized by an amplifier and an A / D converter built in the control device 9, respectively. Of these detection outputs, the valve opening degree of the servo valve 7e is controlled by feeding back the output of the stroke sensor 7f to a preset target value. Further, the digital conversion data of each detection output is taken into the personal computer 10 and used for necessary data processing.

  In the above embodiment of the present invention, the carriage 8 is accelerated by the hydraulic cylinder 7a to move the carriage 8 to the right in the figure, and is attached to the wall body 4 by the impact jig 8a attached to the tip portion thereof. An impact load is applied to the specimen W. In this operation, when the carriage 8 is accelerated by the hydraulic cylinder 7a, an acceleration reaction force acts on the hydraulic cylinder 7a. Due to this reaction force, the test table 2 moves on the base 1 to the left in the figure. When the cart 8 collides with the specimen W, the test table 2 receives a force to the right on the base 1 by the force. The forces in opposite directions acting on the test table 2 during acceleration and collision are equal to each other by the momentum conservation law according to an ideal calculation ignoring loss and the like, and the cart 8 collides with the specimen W. Then, these forces are canceled and the test table 2 stops.

  In practice, however, the above-mentioned forces are somewhat different due to losses including friction of each part, and the test table 2 moves to some extent after the collision. The force is absorbed by dampers 3a and 3b interposed between 1a and 1b, and the movement range of the test table 2 can be restricted.

  The point that should be particularly noted in the operation of the embodiment of the present invention described above is that the test table 2 moves on the base 1 when the vehicle 8 is accelerated and when the vehicle 8 collides with the specimen W. Thus, the acceleration reaction force and the impact force of the collision are hardly transmitted to the base 1 and the foundation G, and therefore, a large-scale foundation work is required as compared with the case where an acceleration device and a wall body fixed to the conventional foundation are provided. Becomes unnecessary, and the installation area can be reduced. In addition, since vibrations at the time of a collision are hardly transmitted to the foundation G, the vibrations are not transmitted to the surroundings.

Further, when the wall body 4 is movable with respect to the base 1 as described above, the wall body 4 is caused by a collision as compared with a conventional testing machine of this type in which a carriage collides with a fixed wall body. However, this problem can be almost eliminated by increasing the mass of the test table 2 relative to the mass of the carriage 8. That is, the kinetic energy specimen W of the carriage 8 absorbs all, if the dolly 8 has to stop, in the conventional testing machine with a fixed wall, the absorbed energy by the specimen W When Q _1, collision v the speed of the carriage 8 at the time, when the mass and m, Q ₁ = mv ^2/2 to become the a but, the practice of the present invention the test platform 2 formed with wall 4 is moved on the base 1 absorbed energy Q ₂ by specimen W in the form of, for example, when the mass of the test platform 2 and 20 times the mass of the carriage 8, the case of ignoring losses such as friction, Q ₂ = 20Q _1/21, and the conventional The difference to the case of using a fixed reaction wall can be reduced,

  In the above-described embodiment, another point to be noted is that the actuator of the acceleration device 7 is a hydraulic cylinder 7a. According to the configuration in which the carriage 8 is accelerated by such a hydraulic cylinder 7a, the conventional method is used. Compared to the case where a winch or the like is used as an accelerating device, there is an advantage that the carriage 8 can be accelerated at a high speed under a short approach, and also in this respect, the size of the device can be reduced.

  In the above embodiment, the example in which the specimen W is attached to the wall 4 side and the impact jig 8a is attached to the carriage 8 side is shown, but the present invention is not limited to this, The specimen W may be mounted on the cart 8 side. Further, the load cell 5 may also be attached to the cart 8 side. In this case, since the inertial force due to the movement of the cart 8 acts on the load cell 5, it is desirable to attach the load cell 5 to the wall 4 side if possible. .

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a whole block diagram of embodiment of this invention, and is the figure which writes together and shows the schematic diagram showing a mechanical structure, and the block diagram showing a system structure. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structural example of the conventional impact tester called a pendulum type impact tester. It is a schematic diagram which shows the structural example of the conventional impact tester called a barrier type (cart type) impact tester.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Base 2 Test stand 3a, 3b Damper 4 Wall body 5 Load cell 6 Adjustment stand 6b Guide 7 Accelerator 7a Hydraulic cylinder 7b Hydraulic source 7e Servo valve 7f Stroke sensor 8 Cart 8a Impact jig 8b Speed sensor 9 Control device 10 Personal computer G Basic W Specimen

Claims (3)

  In the impact testing machine for applying an impact load to a specimen held by any of these, the accelerating device causes the trolley to accelerate toward the wall body and collide with the wall body. And the carriage is mounted on the test bench, and the wall is integrally formed on the test bench, and the test bench is mounted so as to be movable in the traveling direction of the carriage relative to the base fixed to the foundation. An impact tester characterized by being made.   2. The impact testing machine according to claim 1, wherein a damper for reducing an impact in the moving direction of the test table is interposed between the test table and the base.   The impact tester according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the acceleration device is a hydraulic cylinder.

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