JP4337843B2 - Liquid crystal display device and electronic device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, and more particularly to a transflective liquid crystal display device.

  There are three types of liquid crystal display devices: a transmissive type capable of displaying an image in a transmissive mode, a reflective type capable of displaying an image in a reflective mode, and a transflective type capable of displaying an image in both a transmissive mode and a reflective mode. Due to its thin and light features, it is widely used as a display device for notebook computers and televisions. In particular, the transflective liquid crystal display device employs a display method that combines a reflective type and a transmissive type. By switching to one of the display methods according to the ambient brightness, the power consumption is reduced, and However, since clear display can be performed even in a dark place, it is frequently used in various portable electronic devices.

  As a form of such a transflective liquid crystal display device, a reflective layer in which a slit (opening) for light transmission is formed in a metal film such as aluminum is provided on the liquid crystal layer side of the lower substrate, and this reflective layer is translucent. A liquid crystal display device functioning as a reflective layer has been proposed and put into practical use.

  FIG. 11 shows an example of a transflective liquid crystal display device using this type of transflective layer.

  In this liquid crystal display device 100, a liquid crystal layer 103 is sandwiched between a pair of transparent substrates 101, 102, a reflective layer 104 and an insulating film 106 are laminated on the lower substrate 101, and indium tin oxide (Indium) is formed thereon. A lower electrode 108 made of a transparent conductive film such as Tin Oxide (hereinafter abbreviated as ITO) is formed, and an alignment film 107 is formed so as to cover the lower electrode 108. On the other hand, a color filter 109 having dye layers of R (red), G (green), and B (blue) is formed on the upper substrate 102, and a planarizing film 111 is laminated thereon, and this planarization is performed. An upper electrode 112 made of a transparent conductive film such as ITO is formed on the film 111, and an alignment film 113 is formed so as to cover the upper electrode 112.

  The reflective layer 104 is formed of a metal film having a high light reflectance such as aluminum, and a slit 110 for light transmission is formed in each reflective layer 104 for each pixel. Due to the slit 110, the reflective layer 104 functions as a semi-transmissive reflective layer (thus, this layer is hereinafter referred to as a semi-transmissive reflective layer). Further, on the outer surface side of the upper substrate 102, a front scattering plate 118, a retardation film 119, and an upper polarizing plate 114 are arranged in this order from the upper substrate 102 side, and on the outer surface side of the lower substrate 101, the retardation film 115, A polarizing plate 116 is provided in this order. A backlight 117 (illuminating device) is disposed on the lower surface side of the lower substrate 101 and further below the lower polarizing plate 116.

  When the liquid crystal display device 100 shown in FIG. 11 is used in a reflection mode in a bright place, external light such as sunlight and illumination light entering from above the upper substrate 102 passes through the liquid crystal layer 103 and is transmitted to the lower substrate 101. After being reflected by the surface of the upper transflective layer 104, the liquid crystal layer 103 is transmitted again and emitted to the upper substrate 102 side. Further, when used in a transmissive mode in a dark place, the light emitted from the backlight 117 installed below the lower substrate 101 is transmitted through the transflective layer 104 at the slit 110 and then the liquid crystal layer. 103 is emitted to the upper substrate 102 side. These lights contribute to display in each mode.

  By the way, the transmissive, reflective, and transflective liquid crystal display devices, particularly in the transmissive mode, have a lower display contrast and a different display color when viewed obliquely due to the refractive index anisotropy of the liquid crystal molecules. Or the problem of viewing angle such as inversion of gradation cannot be avoided, and improvement thereof is desired.

  As a method for solving this problem, in a conventional transmissive liquid crystal display device using a TN mode (a twist angle of liquid crystal of 90 degrees), an optical compensation film has been proposed and put into practical use between a liquid crystal cell and an upper and lower polarizing plate. ing.

For example, a configuration in which an optical compensation film in which a discotic liquid crystal is hybrid-aligned is disposed between the liquid crystal cell and the upper and lower polarizing plates, and an optical compensation film in which a liquid crystalline polymer is nematic-hybrid aligned is disposed between the liquid crystal cell and the upper and lower polarizing plates. (See Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, and Patent Document 3).
In the transflective liquid crystal display device, in the transmissive mode, a circularly polarizing plate composed of one or more stretched films and a polarizing plate is displayed in principle in the display mode, the upper side of the liquid crystal cell, the transflective layer, and the backlight. It is necessary to arrange between.

  In order to increase the viewing angle of the transmissive mode of this transflective liquid crystal display device, a method using an optical compensation film with a nematic hybrid orientation on a circularly polarizing plate placed between the transflective layer and the backlight was proposed and put into practical use. (See Patent Document 4).

Japanese Patent No. 2640083 JP-A-11-194325 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-194371 JP 2002-31717 A

  However, even when the above method is used, problems of viewing angle such as a decrease in display contrast, a change in display color, or inversion of gradation when viewed from an oblique direction have not been solved. In particular, in a transflective liquid crystal display device, since a circularly polarizing plate comprising one or more stretched films and a polarizing plate is used in principle as described above, it is essentially difficult to improve the viewing angle.

  In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a transflective liquid crystal display device that is bright, has high contrast, and has little viewing angle dependency, particularly in the transmissive mode. Another object of the present invention is to provide an electronic device including the liquid crystal display device described above, which has a bright display, high contrast, and little viewing angle dependency in the transmissive mode.

  The liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes a first elliptically polarizing plate and a second elliptically polarizing plate provided so as to sandwich a liquid crystal layer, and the first elliptically polarizing plate and the second elliptically polarizing plate are provided. Each has a polarizing plate that transmits linearly polarized light, a stretched film, and a liquid crystal film, and one of the first elliptical polarizing plate and the second elliptical polarizing plate fixes the nematic hybrid alignment. The other liquid crystal film is a liquid crystal film in which the discotic hybrid alignment is fixed.

  The liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes a slow axis of the liquid crystal film in which the nematic hybrid alignment is fixed, a fast axis of the liquid crystal film in which the discotic hybrid alignment is fixed, and an axis including the clear viewing direction of the liquid crystal layer. And the angle formed is within a range of ± 30 degrees.

  In the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal film is 90 nm to 140 nm with respect to 589 nm light.

  The liquid crystal display device of the present invention is characterized in that the liquid crystal layer is in a twisted nematic mode.

  The liquid crystal display device of the present invention is characterized in that the liquid crystal layer is in parallel alignment.

  The liquid crystal display device of the present invention includes a reflective display portion and a transmissive display portion, and the thickness of the liquid crystal layer is different between the reflective display portion and the transmissive display portion.

  An electronic apparatus according to the present invention includes the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention.

  In order to solve the above problems, in the present invention, a liquid crystal cell in which a liquid crystal layer is sandwiched between an upper substrate and a lower substrate that are arranged to face each other, and a transflective layer is provided on the liquid crystal layer side of the lower substrate. A first elliptically polarizing plate that makes elliptical polarized light incident on the liquid crystal layer from the upper substrate side, and a second elliptically polarizing plate that makes elliptically polarized light incident from the lower substrate side, The first elliptically polarizing plate and the second elliptically polarizing plate have a liquid crystal film in which hybrid alignment is fixed.

  In the liquid crystal display device of the present invention, a liquid crystal film in which at least one hybrid alignment is fixed to the upper and lower elliptical polarizing plates of the liquid crystal cell is used. For this reason, the liquid crystal film in which the upper and lower hybrid orientations of the liquid crystal cell are fixed can compensate for the refractive index anisotropy of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal cell, and the liquid crystal display has excellent viewing angle characteristics in the transmission mode. An apparatus can be provided.

  In the present invention, the first elliptically polarizing plate and the second elliptically polarizing plate are polarizing plates that transmit linearly polarized light, a liquid crystal film in which at least one nematic hybrid alignment is fixed, and at least one stretched film. It is preferable to consist of.

  The first elliptically polarizing plate and the second elliptically polarizing plate are composed of a polarizing plate, at least one liquid crystal film in which nematic hybrid alignment is fixed, and at least one stretched film, thereby forming a broadband elliptically polarizing plate. And a liquid crystal display device with higher contrast can be realized.

  In addition, there is no restriction | limiting in the stretched film to be used, Well-known stretched films, such as a uniaxially stretched film and a biaxially stretched film, can be used.

  In the present invention, the angle formed between the fast axis of the liquid crystal film in which the nematic hybrid alignment of the first elliptical polarizing plate and the second elliptical polarizing plate is fixed and the axis including the clear vision direction of the liquid crystal layer is usually Within ± 30 degrees, preferably within ± 10 degrees, and more preferably within ± 5 degrees. Within this range, the refractive index anisotropy of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal cell can be compensated for by a liquid crystal film in which the nematic hybrid alignment is fixed, and a liquid crystal display device having good viewing angle characteristics is realized. Can do. In addition, when the liquid crystal display device is observed from an oblique direction, the range in which the gradation of the transmissive display is reversed can be reduced.

  The clear viewing direction here refers to the azimuthal direction of the director of the liquid crystal molecules at the approximate center of the liquid crystal layer.

  In the present invention, since the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal film in which the nematic hybrid alignment of the first elliptical polarizing plate and the second elliptical polarizing plate is fixed depends on the optical parameters of the liquid crystal display device, Although it cannot be said, it is preferable to be in the range of 90 to 140 nm with respect to monochromatic light of 589 nm.

  Usually, a broad-band elliptical polarizing plate is composed of a stretched film of about λ / 4 and a stretched film of about λ / 2. If the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal film in which the nematic hybrid alignment is fixed is within this range, A broadband elliptically polarizing plate can be constituted by a stretched film of approximately λ / 2 and a liquid crystal film in which nematic hybrid alignment is fixed.

  In the present invention, the first elliptically polarizing plate and the second elliptically polarizing plate are composed of the polarizing plate, a liquid crystal film in which at least one discotic hybrid orientation is fixed, and at least one stretched film. Even when configured, a broadband elliptical polarizing plate can be realized, and a high-contrast liquid crystal display device can be realized.

  In addition, there is no restriction | limiting in the stretched film to be used, Well-known stretched films, such as a uniaxially stretched film and a biaxially stretched film, can be used.

  In the present invention, the angle formed between the fast axis of the liquid crystal film in which the discotic hybrid alignment of the first elliptical polarizing plate and the second elliptical polarizing plate is fixed and the axis including the clear vision direction of the liquid crystal layer is usually Within ± 30 degrees, preferably within ± 10 degrees, and more preferably within ± 5 degrees. Within this range, the refractive index anisotropy of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal cell can be compensated for by a liquid crystal film with a fixed discotic hybrid alignment, and a liquid crystal display device having good viewing angle characteristics is realized. be able to. When the liquid crystal display device is observed from an oblique direction, it is possible to reduce a range in which transmissive display gradation is inverted.

  The clear viewing direction here refers to the azimuthal direction of the director of the liquid crystal molecules at the approximate center of the liquid crystal layer.

  In the present invention, the first elliptically polarizing plate comprises the polarizing plate, at least one liquid crystal film in which the nematic hybrid alignment is fixed, and at least one stretched film, and the second elliptically polarizing plate. A high-contrast liquid crystal display device can be realized even if it comprises the polarizing plate, at least one liquid crystal film in which the discotic hybrid orientation is fixed, and at least one stretched film.

  In addition, there is no restriction | limiting in the stretched film to be used, Well-known stretched films, such as a uniaxially stretched film and a biaxially stretched film, can be used.

  In the present invention, the angle formed by the slow axis of the liquid crystal film in which the nematic hybrid alignment of the first elliptically polarizing plate is fixed and the axis including the clear viewing direction of the liquid crystal layer, and the second elliptically polarizing plate, The angle formed by the fast axis of the liquid crystal film with fixed discotic hybrid alignment and the axis including the clear viewing direction of the liquid crystal layer is usually within ± 30 degrees, preferably within ± 10 degrees, more preferably within ± 5 degrees. It is. Within this range, the refractive index anisotropy of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal cell can be compensated by the liquid crystal film, and a liquid crystal display device having good viewing angle characteristics can be realized. When the liquid crystal display device is observed from an oblique direction, it is possible to reduce a range in which transmissive display gradation is inverted.

  The clear viewing direction here refers to the azimuthal direction of the director of the liquid crystal molecules at the approximate center of the liquid crystal layer.

  In the present invention, the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal film in which the nematic hybrid alignment of the first elliptically polarizing plate is fixed depends on the optical parameters of the liquid crystal display device. In contrast, it is preferably in the range of 90 to 140 nm.

  Usually, a broad-band elliptical polarizing plate is composed of a stretched film of about λ / 4 and a stretched film of about λ / 2. If the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal film in which the nematic hybrid alignment is fixed is within this range, A broadband elliptically polarizing plate can be constituted by a stretched film of approximately λ / 2 and a liquid crystal film in which nematic hybrid alignment is fixed.

  In the present invention, the first elliptically polarizing plate is composed of the polarizing plate, at least one liquid crystal film in which the discotic hybrid alignment is fixed, and at least one stretched film, and the second elliptically polarizing plate. Even if the plate is composed of the polarizing plate, at least one liquid crystal film in which the nematic hybrid alignment is fixed, and at least one stretched film, a high contrast liquid crystal display device can be realized.

  In addition, there is no restriction | limiting in the stretched film to be used, Well-known stretched films, such as a uniaxially stretched film and a biaxially stretched film, can be used.

  In the present invention, the angle formed between the fast axis of the liquid crystal film in which the discotic hybrid alignment of the first elliptically polarizing plate is fixed and the axis including the clear viewing direction of the liquid crystal layer, and the second elliptically polarizing plate The angle formed between the slow axis of the liquid crystal film having the nematic hybrid alignment fixed and the axis including the clear vision direction of the liquid crystal layer is usually within ± 30 degrees, preferably within ± 10 degrees, more preferably within ± 5 degrees. It is. Within this range, the refractive index anisotropy of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal cell can be compensated by the liquid crystal film, and a liquid crystal display device having good viewing angle characteristics can be realized.

  The clear viewing direction here refers to the azimuthal direction of the director of the liquid crystal molecules at the approximate center of the liquid crystal layer.

  In the present invention, the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal film in which the nematic hybrid orientation of the second elliptically polarizing plate is fixed depends on the optical parameters of the liquid crystal display device. In contrast, it is preferably in the range of 90 to 140 nm.

  Usually, a broad-band elliptical polarizing plate is composed of a stretched film of about λ / 4 and a stretched film of about λ / 2. If the in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal film in which the nematic hybrid alignment is fixed is within this range, A broadband elliptically polarizing plate can be constituted by a stretched film of approximately λ / 2 and a liquid crystal film in which nematic hybrid alignment is fixed.

  In the present invention, it is preferable that the liquid crystal cell has a layer thickness adjusting layer that makes a layer thickness of the liquid crystal layer in the reflective display region smaller than a layer thickness of the liquid crystal layer in the transmissive display region.

  In a transflective liquid crystal display device, transmissive display light is emitted only once through the liquid crystal layer, whereas reflected display light passes through the liquid crystal layer twice. It is difficult to optimize the retardation Δn · d in both the reflected display light and the reflected display light. Therefore, by providing a layer pressure adjusting layer that varies the liquid crystal layer thickness of the reflective display area and the transmissive display area, the retardation Δn · d can be optimized for both the reflective display light and the transmissive display light, and the bright reflective display And transmissive display can be realized.

  Such a configuration is called a multi-gap type. For example, as shown in FIG. 12, layers are formed on the lower layer side of the lower electrode 108 made of a transparent conductive film such as ITO and on the upper layer side of the transflective layer 104. This can be realized by forming the thickness adjusting layer 120. That is, in the transmissive display area corresponding to the slit 110, the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 103 is larger than the reflective display area by the film thickness of the layer thickness adjusting layer 120. Therefore, both the transmissive display light and the reflective display light are used. It is possible to optimize the retardation Δn · d. Here, in order to adjust the layer thickness of the liquid crystal layer 103 with the layer thickness adjusting layer 120, it is necessary to form the layer thickness adjusting layer 120 thickly, and a photosensitive resin or the like is used to form such a thick layer. . Note that FIG. 12 has the same basic configuration as FIG. 11, and therefore, parts having common functions are denoted by the same reference numerals.

  In the present invention, the liquid crystal layer may use a twisted nematic mode. The twist angle of the liquid crystal layer is preferably 10 degrees or more and 50 degrees or less from the viewpoint of the brightness of transmissive display.

  In the present invention, the liquid crystal layer preferably has a parallel orientation and a twist angle of 0 degree. When the liquid crystal layer is parallel-aligned and the twist angle is 0 degree, the brightness of the transmission can be maximized without sacrificing the brightness of reflection in the multi-gap type liquid crystal display device.

  A liquid crystal display device to which the present invention is applied can be used as a display device of an electronic device such as a mobile phone or a mobile computer.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In this example, retardation Δn · d is a value at 589 nm unless otherwise specified, and the axial angle is positive from the reference axis when viewed from the upper side of the liquid crystal cell.

(Embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a liquid crystal display device according to the present embodiment. The liquid crystal cell 4 has a transflective layer on the lower substrate of the liquid crystal cell 4, and the liquid crystal layer thickness of the transmissive display portion and the reflective display portion is made different by the layer pressure adjusting layer. The cell parameters are a transmissive display portion Δn · d 0.32 μm, a reflective display portion Δn · d 0.14 μm, and the liquid crystal has a parallel orientation and a twist angle of 0 degree. A polarizing plate 1 is disposed on the upper side of the liquid crystal cell 4, a uniaxially stretched retardation film 2 is disposed between the polarizing plate 1 and the liquid crystal cell 4, and a nematic hybrid alignment is provided between the retardation film 2 and the liquid crystal cell 4. A fixed liquid crystal film 3 was disposed. At this time, with reference to the upper substrate rubbing axis 41 of the liquid crystal cell 4, the angle between the rubbing axis 41 and the transmission axis 11 of the polarizing plate 1 is θ1, the angle between the slow axis 21 of the retardation film 2 is θ2, and the liquid crystal film 3 is θ3 = 4 degrees, θ2 = 115 degrees, and θ3 = 0 degrees, where θ3 is the angle with the slow axis 31. Further, Δn · d of the retardation film 2 is about 0.25 μm, and Δn · d of the liquid crystal film 3 is about 0.09 μm.

  Here, Δn · d of the liquid crystal film refers to Δn · d in the plane when viewed from the normal direction of the liquid crystal film.

  In addition, a polarizing plate 7 is disposed below the liquid crystal cell 4, a retardation film 6 is disposed between the polarizing plate 7 and the liquid crystal cell 4, and a nematic hybrid alignment is provided between the retardation film 6 and the liquid crystal cell 4. A fixed liquid crystal film 5 was disposed. At this time, with respect to the upper substrate rubbing axis 41 of the liquid crystal cell 4, the angle between the rubbing axis 41 and the transmission axis 71 of the polarizing plate 7 is θ7, the angle between the slow axis 61 of the retardation film 6 is θ6, and the liquid crystal film 5 is θ5 = 0 degrees, θ6 = 66 degrees, and θ7 = 88 degrees. Further, Δn · d of the retardation film 6 is approximately 0.26 μm, and Δn · d of the liquid crystal film 5 is approximately 0.09 μm.

  Since the liquid crystal film 3 and the liquid crystal film 5 used here have fixed nematic hybrid alignment, the display performance differs depending on the tilt direction and how the upper and lower sides of the film are arranged with respect to the liquid crystal cell 4. Come. In the present embodiment, they are not limited, but it is desirable to determine the arrangement in consideration of display performance and the like.

  FIG. 2 shows the transmittance with respect to the applied voltage in the transmission mode of the liquid crystal display device in this embodiment. FIG. 3 shows the contrast ratio from all directions when the white display is 0 V and the black display is 4.3 V in the transmission mode. FIG. 4 shows the viewing angle characteristics of the transmittance in the rubbing axis direction of the liquid crystal cell when displaying 8 gradations from white display 0 V to black display 4.3 V in the transmission mode.

(Comparative example)
In the configuration of this example, the liquid crystal film 3 was replaced with a uniaxially stretched retardation film (Δn · d approximately 0.11 μm), the Δn · d of the retardation film 2 was approximately 0.28 μm, and the Δ of the liquid crystal film 5 was n · d was approximately 0.09 μm, and Δn · d of the retardation film 6 was approximately 0.28 μm. Θ1 = 15 degrees, θ2 = 120 degrees, θ3 = 0 degrees, θ5 = 0 degrees, θ6 = 65 degrees, and θ7 = 85 degrees. FIG. 5 shows the transmittance with respect to the applied voltage in the transmission mode of the liquid crystal display device after the change. FIG. 6 shows the contrast ratio from all directions when the white display is 0 V and the black display is 4.3 V in the transmission mode. FIG. 7 shows the viewing angle characteristics of the transmittance in the rubbing axis direction of the liquid crystal cell when displaying 8 gradations from white display 0 V to black display 4.3 V in the transmission mode.

  When these characteristics are compared, it is better to use the liquid crystal film in which the nematic hybrid alignment is fixed to the upper and lower elliptical polarizing plates of the liquid crystal cell as in the present embodiment, which has better viewing angle characteristics. I understand that

  In this example, as the liquid crystal film used for the upper and lower elliptical polarizing plates, a liquid crystal film having a fixed nematic hybrid alignment was used, but the same applies to a liquid crystal film having a fixed discotic hybrid alignment. An effect is obtained. Further, when the upper and lower elliptically polarizing plates are configured by combining the liquid crystal film in which the nematic hybrid alignment is fixed and the liquid crystal film in which the discotic hybrid alignment is fixed, the same effect can be obtained.

(Application of liquid crystal display devices to electronic devices)
The liquid crystal display device configured as described above can be used as a display unit of various electronic devices. An example of the liquid crystal display device will be described with reference to FIGS. 8, 9, and 10. FIG.

  FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing an example of a mobile phone. In FIG. 8, reference numeral 1000 denotes a mobile phone body, and reference numeral 1001 denotes a liquid crystal display unit using the liquid crystal display device.

  FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing an example of a wristwatch type electronic apparatus. In FIG. 9, reference numeral 1100 denotes a watch body, and reference numeral 1101 denotes a liquid crystal display unit using the liquid crystal display device.

  FIG. 10 is a perspective view showing an example of a portable information processing apparatus such as a word processor or a personal computer. In FIG. 10, reference numeral 1200 denotes an information processing apparatus, reference numeral 1202 denotes an input unit such as a keyboard, reference numeral 1204 denotes an information processing apparatus body, and reference numeral 1206 denotes a liquid crystal display unit using the liquid crystal display device.

  Since the electronic devices shown in FIGS. 8 to 10 include a liquid crystal display unit using the liquid crystal display device of the above embodiment, an electronic device including a liquid crystal display unit with favorable viewing angle characteristics can be realized. it can.

  As described above, the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention uses the liquid crystal film in which the hybrid alignment is fixed to the upper elliptical polarizing plate and the lower elliptical polarizing plate. Therefore, the refractive index anisotropy of the liquid crystal molecules of the liquid crystal cell can be compensated by the liquid crystal film in which the upper and lower hybrid alignments of the liquid crystal cell are fixed. Therefore, particularly in the transmission mode, it is possible to improve the viewing angle problem such as a decrease in display contrast, a change in display color, or inversion of gradation when viewed from an oblique direction. In addition, a liquid crystal display device with bright display and high contrast can be realized.

It is a figure which shows typically the liquid crystal display device of this Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the transmittance | permeability with respect to the voltage change of the liquid crystal display device of this Embodiment. It is a figure which shows contrast ratio when the liquid crystal display device of this Embodiment is seen from all directions. It is a figure which shows the viewing angle characteristic of the transmittance | permeability of the rubbing axis direction at the time of displaying the liquid crystal display device of this Embodiment in 8 gradations. It is a figure which shows the transmittance | permeability with respect to the voltage change of the liquid crystal display device of a comparative example. It is a figure which shows the contrast ratio when the liquid crystal display device of a comparative example is seen from all directions. It is a figure which shows the viewing angle characteristic of the transmittance | permeability of the rubbing axis direction at the time of displaying the gradation of the liquid crystal display device of the comparative example. It is an example of an electronic device using the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention as a display device. It is another example of an electronic apparatus using the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention as a display device. It is yet another example of an electronic apparatus using the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention as a display device. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of a transflective liquid crystal display device. It is sectional drawing which shows an example of a multigap type transflective liquid crystal display device.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1,7 ... Polarizing plate, 2,6 ... Retardation film, 3 ... Liquid crystal film (or retardation film) which fixed nematic hybrid alignment, 4 ... Liquid crystal cell, 5 ... Liquid crystal film which fixed nematic hybrid alignment, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Transmission axis of polarizing plate 21, 21 ... Slow axis of retardation film 2, 31 ... Slow axis of liquid crystal film 3 (or retardation film 3) which fixed nematic hybrid orientation, 41 ... Liquid crystal cell 4 Upper substrate rubbing axis, 51... Slow axis of liquid crystal film 5 in which nematic hybrid alignment is fixed, 61... Slow axis of retardation film 6, 71.

Claims (7)

Comprising a first elliptically polarizing plate and a second elliptically polarizing plate provided so as to sandwich the liquid crystal layer,
Each of the first elliptically polarizing plate and the second elliptically polarizing plate includes a polarizing plate that transmits linearly polarized light, a stretched film, and a liquid crystal film.
One of the first elliptically polarizing plate and the second elliptically polarizing plate is a liquid crystal film in which a nematic hybrid alignment is fixed, and the other liquid crystal film is a liquid crystal film in which a discotic hybrid alignment is fixed. There is a liquid crystal display device.   The angle formed by the slow axis of the liquid crystal film with the nematic hybrid alignment fixed and the fast axis of the liquid crystal film with the fixed discotic hybrid alignment and the axis including the clear viewing direction of the liquid crystal layer is ± 30. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal display device is in a range of within a degree.   The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein an in-plane retardation of the liquid crystal film is 90 nm to 140 nm with respect to light of 589 nm.   The liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the liquid crystal layer is in a twisted nematic mode.   The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the liquid crystal layer has parallel alignment.   6. The liquid crystal layer according to claim 1, further comprising a reflective display unit and a transmissive display unit, wherein the liquid crystal layer has a different thickness between the reflective display unit and the transmissive display unit. Liquid crystal display device. An electronic apparatus comprising the liquid crystal display device according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

Images