JP4336275B2 - Plant organic matter grinding method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a plant organic matter pulverization method and apparatus for pulverizing various plant organic matters such as trees, bamboo, and grass plant cellulose.

Conventionally, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, as an organic matter drying apparatus, high pressure air and sewage are mixed and sprayed in a mist form from a spray nozzle on a flat disk that generates high heat and rotates at a low speed. Is known to evaporate water instantly and take it out as a dry soot.
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 7-9479

  However, the above-described conventional apparatus is equipped with a device such as a boiler that generates high heat, and since the water is instantaneously evaporated by operating this device, for example, plant cellulose of wood, bamboo, grass, etc. It was impossible to pulverize various plant organic substances into a naturally soft fine powder.

  Therefore, the present invention was created in view of the existing circumstances as described above. For example, various plant organic substances such as plant cellulose of wood, bamboo, and grass are naturally pulverized into a soft fine powder. An object of the present invention is to provide a plant organic material grinding method and an apparatus therefor.

In order to solve the above-described problems, in the plant organic matter pulverization method according to the present invention, a chip forming step of forming the plant organic matter into a chip shape, and the moisture of the chip-like plant organic matter at a predetermined temperature A crushing and drying step for forming a fine powder dried by stirring and crushing while evaporating, and a recovery step for collecting the dried fine powder ,
The temperature setting for water evaporation in the pulverization drying process shall use the frictional heat generated when the fine powder of plant organic matter is stirred,
The pulverization drying process is characterized in that the number of stirring rotations and the direction of stirring rotation can be changed depending on the size of the fine powder .

On the other hand, in the plant organic matter pulverizing apparatus according to the present invention, a chip forming apparatus for forming the vegetable organic substance into chips, and stirring and pulverizing the chip-like plant organic substances while evaporating water at a predetermined temperature A weight or stirrer blade is attached to a single horizontal rotary shaft or a plurality of horizontal rotary shafts rotating in opposite directions to be linked to a rotation-controllable drive motor that rotates in a drying container so as to form a dry fine powder. A pulverizing and drying device provided , and a collecting device for collecting the dried fine powder , wherein the weight or the stirring blade is formed such that the number of rotations and the direction of rotation can be changed depending on the size of the fine powder. To do.

  In the plant organic matter pulverization method according to the present invention configured as described above, the pulverization and drying step is generated by rubbing between fine powders when the chip-like plant organic matter is stirred and pulverized into a fine powder form. The water contained in the plant organic matter adhering to the fine powder is evaporated using frictional heat.

  At this time, the plant organic matter is decomposed into fine powder having a size of about 1 micron or less and a water content of 0 to 5% while causing cell destruction using moisture contained in the plant organic matter itself.

  Further, in the plant organic matter pulverizing apparatus according to the present invention, the pulverization and drying apparatus is dried by stirring and pulverizing the chip-like plant organic substance while evaporating moisture at a predetermined temperature by rotating a weight or a stirring blade. A fine powder is formed.

  And the collection | recovery apparatus collects a fine powder in an ultrafine state from the crushing and drying apparatus.

  According to the present invention, various plant organic materials such as plant cellulose of wood, bamboo, grass, etc. are naturally soft and fine powder, that is, soft powder, with low cost, high safety, and short working time. It can be pulverized.

That is, the present invention forms a fine powder in which the present invention forms a chip by forming a vegetable organic substance into a chip shape, and agitate and pulverize the chip-like vegetable organic substance while evaporating moisture at a predetermined temperature. A crushing and drying step, and a recovery step for collecting the dried fine powder ,
The temperature setting for water evaporation in the pulverization drying process shall use the frictional heat generated when the fine powder of plant organic matter is stirred,
This is because the crushing and drying process makes it possible to change the number of rotations and the direction of stirring depending on the size of the fine powder , which makes the plant organic matter softer naturally at a low cost and with high safety and a short working time. Can be pulverized into a soft powder.

On the other hand, in the plant organic matter pulverizing apparatus according to the present invention, a chip forming apparatus for forming the vegetable organic substance into chips, and stirring and pulverizing the chip-like plant organic substances while evaporating water at a predetermined temperature A weight or stirrer blade is attached to a single horizontal rotary shaft or a plurality of horizontal rotary shafts rotating in opposite directions to be linked to a rotation-controllable drive motor that rotates in a drying container so as to form a dry fine powder. pulverized drying device including, a recoverable device you recover the dried fine powder, the weight or the stirring blade is so formed by the changeable speed and rotational direction by the size of the fine powder, the weight or Plants attached to the fine powder using frictional heat generated by rubbing between the fine powders when the chip-like plant organic matter is stirred and pulverized into fine powders by rotating the stirring blades The water contained in the machine material can be efficiently evaporated, whereby, in which the dried fine powder can be easily formed.

The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. Reference numeral 1 shown in the figure pulverizes various plant organic substances such as plant cellulose of wood, bamboo, and grass. This plant organic matter crushing apparatus 1 is for forming a plant organic matter into chips having a size of about 3 mm or less or a thickness of about 1 mm or less, as shown in FIG. First crushing and drying for pretreatment for crushing and crushing the chip-shaped plant organic material 2 such as a pressing machine or a slice-cutting machine and evaporating moisture at a temperature of about 60 ° C. In order to recover the dried fine powder, the apparatus 3, the second pulverizing and drying apparatus 4 and the third pulverizing and drying apparatus 5 for post-processing for stirring and pulverizing while evaporating water at a temperature of about 80 ° C. Recovery device 6 It is constituted by.

  The temperature for evaporating water in these pulverization and drying steps (pulverization and drying apparatuses 3, 4, and 5) is generated by frictional heat generated when the vegetable organic fine powder is stirred by the weight 10 or the stirring blade 17 described later. It is. Chips squeezed in the chip-forming apparatus 2 are pushed out by the extrusion screw 33, and the slice-cut chips are dropped into the hopper 34 as they are, and these chips are further fed by the conveying screw 35 arranged on the lower side of the hopper 34. It is sent to the first pulverizing and drying device 3 for pretreatment.

  The third pulverizing / drying device 5 for post-processing is for making the plant organic matter into a fine powder state of 1 micron or less with a moisture content of 0% completely dried. Accordingly, when the plant organic matter is decomposed into various fine powders having a fine powder size of 1 micron or more and a moisture content of 5% or more, except for the third pulverizing and drying device 5 for this post-treatment, It is assumed that such a disassembled state can be easily achieved by using only the first pulverizing and drying device 3 for pretreatment and the second pulverizing and drying device 4 for post-processing.

  The first pulverizing / drying device 3 for pretreatment includes a single horizontal rotating shaft 9 linked to a driving motor 8 capable of controlling the number of rotations rotating in a first drying container 7 mounted on a pair of mounts. A plurality of horizontal rotary shafts 9 rotating in opposite directions are each provided with a weight 10.

  That is, as shown in FIGS. 2 to 6, the two stainless steel pipe-like horizontal rotary shafts 9 can be rotated with each other in parallel with each other at both ends via bearings 11. A driving motor 8 that is attached to the inner bottom side of the first drying container 7 having a shape of about 1 m to 60 cm in height and capable of rotating 800 to 1500 per minute, for example, on one end of one horizontal rotating shaft 9. The other horizontal rotation shaft 9 is connected to the other side of the other horizontal rotation shaft 9 which is complementary to the drive motor 8, and the drive motor 8 similar to the above is connected so that both horizontal rotation shafts 9 are opposite to each other. Synchronous rotation is possible.

  The horizontal rotating shaft 9 has a plate-like mounting frame portion 13 having a slit portion 12 (shown in FIG. 2) in the center at bolts 14 (FIG. 6) at, for example, eight or twelve locations along the longitudinal direction. 1), one end of the ring chain 15 is fitted into the slit portion 12 and fixed with, for example, a hexagon bolt and nut 16, and a hexagonal column weight 10 is attached to the other end of the ring chain 15 with the hexagon bolt and nut 16. By fixing, the weight 10 is rotated in a stretched state by a centrifugal force generated by the rotation of the horizontal rotation shaft 9.

  The second pulverizing and drying device 4 and the third pulverizing and drying device 5 for post-processing are respectively connected to a drive motor 8 capable of controlling the number of rotations rotating in the second and third drying containers 7 mounted on a gantry. An agitating blade 17 is provided on a single horizontal rotary shaft 9 or a plurality of horizontal rotary shafts 9 rotating in opposite directions.

  That is, as shown in FIGS. 2 and 7 to 10, the stainless steel pipe-like horizontal rotary shafts 9 are made of stainless steel via bearings 11 at both ends so that they can be rotated in parallel with each other. It is attached to the inner bottom side of the second and third drying containers 7 having a height of about 1 m to 60 cm and has a substantially U shape, and can be rotated, for example, 300 to 600 per minute on one end side of one horizontal rotating shaft 9. A driving motor 8 is connected, and a driving motor 8 similar to the above is connected to the other end of the other horizontal rotating shaft 9 which is complementary to the driving motor 8, so that both horizontal rotating shafts 9 are connected. Can be synchronously rotated in opposite directions.

  The horizontal rotating shaft 9 has, for example, three or four flat plate-like stirring blades 17 having a width of about 6 to 12 cm between the two shafts at four or six locations along the longitudinal direction. The agitating blades 17 are rotated by the rotation of the horizontal rotating shaft 9 by being fixed by welding or the like so as not to interfere with each other. The rotation control of the horizontal rotating shaft 9 is performed by a control panel, and a thermometer (not shown) is installed in each of the first to third drying containers 7.

  The bearing 11 is provided with a sealing means 21 by flange processing so as to prevent fine powder from entering the bearing 11 side of the horizontal rotary shaft 9.

That is, as shown in FIG. 2, the sealing means 21 inserts one end of the horizontal rotating shaft 9 into a through hole 22 drilled in the side surface of each drying container 7 via an oil seal 23 and protrudes to the opposite side. A cylindrical first flange member 24 having a bearing bearing 11 on the inner periphery is inserted into one end of the horizontal rotating shaft 9, and a second flange member 25 is inserted through an oil seal 23 and sealed. It is as a configuration.

  And after inserting the flange-type unit 27 provided with the implantation bolt 26, it penetrates the periphery of each of the flange member 24 and the 2nd flange member 25 with the said implantation bolt 26, and it forms in the side surface of each drying container 7. The screw hole is fixed by screwing. Further, one end side of the second flange member 25 is connected to the gear of the driving motor 8 via the lock washer 28, the nut 29, and the shaft 30 protruding from one end of the horizontal rotating shaft 9, respectively. 31 is fixed.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the sealing means 21 is inserted in one end of the horizontal rotating shaft 9 into a through hole 22 formed in the side surface of each drying container 7, and protrudes in the opposite direction. A cylindrical first flange member 24 having a bearing bearing 11 on the inner periphery is inserted into one end of the shaft 9 and further covered with an oil seal 23, and then the second flange member 25 is attached to the first flange portion 24. After the fitting and sealing, the third flange portion 25 and the oil seal 23 may be further fitted.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1, each of the pulverizing and drying apparatuses 3, 4, and 5 is divided into a two-layer laminated structure above each drying container 7, and moisture is collected in the uppermost tank 7A, and the intermediate tank In 7B, fine powder is collected.

  Further, between the pulverizing / drying apparatuses 3, 4, and 5, the intermediate tanks 7 </ b> B and the lower portions of the respective drying containers 7 are connected to each other via an introduction cylinder 7 </ b> C having a built-in feeding fan 32.

  In addition, although the horizontal rotating shaft 9 of each grinding | pulverization drying apparatus 3,4,5 has each biaxial structure, it is good also as a structure of 2 axes | shafts or more according to the capacity | capacitance of apparatus itself. Further, instead of attaching the driving motor 8 to each of the horizontal rotating shafts 9, gears respectively fitted to one end sides of the both horizontal rotating shafts 9 are engaged with each other, and one of the horizontal rotating shafts 9 is connected. By connecting a single drive motor 8 to the other end of the shaft, both horizontal rotary shafts 9 may be rotated in opposite directions. Further, the stirring blade 17 can freely change the rotation direction according to the size of the fine powder by the rotation control of the control panel. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 40 denotes a frame for supporting the drying container 7, and 41 denotes a base plate.

  The collection device 6 collects ultrafine fine powder in units of microns through an introduction cylinder 6A with a built-in feed fan 32 that is connected in communication with the intermediate tank 7B of the pulverization / drying device 5 at the upper side.

  Next, the method of use and the operation according to the above configuration will be described. First, the plant organic material is, for example, about 3 mm or less in size or about 1 mm or less in thickness by a chip-forming apparatus 2 such as a press or slice cut machine. Mold into chips. The pressed chips are pushed out by the extrusion screw 33, and the sliced chips are dropped as they are and are put into the hopper 34. Furthermore, these chips are pre-processed by the conveying screw 35 arranged on the lower side of the hopper 34. 1 to the pulverizing and drying apparatus 3.

  In the first pulverizing / drying device 3 for pretreatment, the temperature is raised to 60 ° C. by frictional heat caused by friction between fine powders when the chip-like plant organic matter is stirred and pulverized into fine powders by rotating the weight 10. And then crushed. At this time, rotation control of the horizontal rotating shaft 9 is performed so that the temperature does not rise above 60 ° C. Further, the fine powder is set so as to be efficiently attached to each of the horizontal rotating shaft 9 and the weight 10.

  Subsequently, it is sent to the second pulverizing and drying device 4 for post-processing by the feeding fan 32, and the internal temperature is raised to about 80 ° C. by frictional heat caused by friction between fine powders accompanying the rotation of the stirring blade 17. Furthermore, the water | moisture content contained in the plant organic substance ground finely and adhered to the fine powder is evaporated. At this time, when the plant organic material is introduced from the first pulverization / drying device 3 for pretreatment into the second pulverization / drying device 4 for post-treatment, the moisture content of the vegetable organic material is preferably about 15 to 25%. It is optimal to be

Subsequently, it is sent to the third pulverizing and drying device 5 for post-processing by the feeding fan 32, and the internal temperature is raised to about 80 ° C. by frictional heat due to friction between fine powders accompanying rotation of the stirring blade 17. Further, the water contained in the plant organic matter that has been finely pulverized and adhered to the fine powder is completely evaporated. Thus, when the temperature rises until the water completely evaporates, a vanilla odor is generated, cell destruction starts, and the water content becomes 0%.

  At this time, the plant organic matter is decomposed into fine powder having a size of about 1 micron or less and a water content of 0 to 5% while causing cell destruction using moisture contained in the plant organic matter itself. When the plant organic material is introduced from the second pulverization / drying device 4 for post-treatment into the third pulverization / drying device 5 for post-treatment, the moisture content of the plant organic material is preferably about 10 to 15%. It is optimal to be Since the size of the fine powder is substantially proportional to the water content, the moisture content is about 5% or less when the fine powder is 1 micron, for example.

  And in the collection | recovery apparatus 6, ultrafine fine powder is extract | collected in the soft state naturally from the 3rd grinding | pulverization drying apparatus 5 via the introduction cylinder 6A.

It is sectional drawing which shows the outline of a structure of the plant organic substance grinding | pulverization apparatus in the best form for implementing this invention. It is a disassembled perspective view of a vegetable organic matter crusher similarly. It is a top view of the 1st pulverization drying device similarly. It is a top view which similarly shows the example of arrangement | positioning of the horizontal rotating shaft of a 1st grinding | pulverization drying apparatus. It is a side view which similarly shows the example of arrangement | positioning of the horizontal rotating shaft of a 1st grinding | pulverization drying apparatus. It is a top view which similarly shows an example of the weight attachment to a horizontal rotating shaft. It is a side view which similarly shows the example of arrangement | positioning of the horizontal rotating shaft of a 2nd, 3rd grinding | pulverization drying apparatus. It is a top view which similarly shows the example of arrangement | positioning of the horizontal rotating shaft of a 2nd, 3rd grinding | pulverization drying apparatus. It is a top view which similarly shows the example of attachment of the stirring blade to a horizontal rotating shaft. It is a side view which similarly shows the example of attachment of the stirring blade to a horizontal rotating shaft. It is a disassembled sectional view which similarly shows an example of the sealing means of a bearing. It is sectional drawing which similarly shows an example of the assembly state of the sealing means of a bearing.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Plant organic substance grinding | pulverization apparatus 2 Chip-forming apparatus 3 1st grinding | pulverization drying apparatus 4 2nd grinding | pulverization drying apparatus 5 3rd grinding | pulverization drying apparatus 6 Collection | recovery apparatus 6A Introducing cylinder 7 Drying container 7A Top tank 7B Intermediate tank 7C Introducing cylinder 8 Driving Motor 9 Horizontal Rotating Shaft 10 Weight 11 Bearing Bearing 12 Slit 13 Mounting Frame 14 Bolt 15 Ring Chain 16 Hexagonal Bolt / Nut 17 Stirring Blade 21 Sealing Means 22 Through Hole 23 Oil Seal 24 First Flange Member 25 Second (third) flange member 26 Stud bolt 27 Flange unit 28 Lock washer 29 Nut 30 Shaft 31 Chain coupling 32 Feed fan 33 Extruding screw 34 Hopper 35 Conveying screw 40 Base 41 Base plate

Claims (2)

A chip forming process for forming a vegetable organic material into chips, a pulverizing drying process for forming a fine powder by stirring and pulverizing the chip-like plant organic material while evaporating moisture at a predetermined temperature, and a dried fine A recovery step of recovering the powder ,
The temperature setting for water evaporation in the pulverization drying process shall use the frictional heat generated when the fine powder of plant organic matter is stirred,
A pulverizing and drying step, wherein the stirring rotation speed and the stirring rotation direction can be changed according to the size of the fine powder . A chip forming apparatus for forming plant organic matter into chips, and rotating in a drying container so as to form dry fine powder by stirring and crushing the chip-like plant organic matter while evaporating moisture at a predetermined temperature A pulverizer / dryer equipped with a weight or agitating blades on a single horizontal rotary shaft or a plurality of horizontal rotary shafts rotating in opposite directions linked to a drive motor capable of controlling the rotational speed, and recovery for collecting the dried fine powder And the weight or the stirring blade is formed such that the number of rotations and the direction of rotation can be changed according to the size of the fine powder .

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