JP4316409B2 - Railroad crossing - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a railroad crossing, and particularly has a feature in a floor board constituting the railroad crossing and a support structure of the floor board.

  Conventionally, a railroad crossing for a person, a vehicle, or the like is provided on a track on which a rail is laid. As a conventional level crossing, there is one that has been constructed using concrete floor boards inside and outside the gauge as shown in Patent Document 1 below instead of wooden floor boards. The concrete floor board is molded and processed in a factory or the like, and then carried into a track and laid.

  FIG. 33 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional railroad crossing 200. The railroad crossing 200 is constructed by laying a floor plate 202 in a gauge constituted by rails 201 and 201 and laying a floor board 203 outside the gauge. The railroad crossing 200 is formed by arranging a plurality of floor boards 202 and 203 in the extending direction of the rail 201.

  The floor plates 202 and 203 are both reinforced concrete and are flat members, and are previously molded into a predetermined shape at a factory or the like. As shown in FIGS. 33 and 34, the floor plate 202 has engaging portions 205 extending in a tapered shape at both end portions in the longitudinal direction. A similar engaging portion 206 is also formed on one end side of the floor plate 203 laid outside the gauge.

  The rail 201 has a head portion 207 that is in contact with the wheels of the railway, a bottom portion 210 that is fixed to the sleepers 208, and an abdominal portion 211 that connects the head portion 207 and the bottom portion 210. A support member 212 or a support member 214 is interposed between the floor plates 202 and 203 and the rail 201. The support members 212 and 214 are provided to firmly support the end portions of the floor plates 202 and 203 and to fill a gap between the floor plates 202 and 203 and the rail 201.

The support members 212 and 214 are both made of rubber, and mainly cover the abdomen 211 and the bottom 210 of the rail 201. The support member 212 is used by combining a lower piece 215a and an upper piece 215b that are separately molded. The lower side portion 215 a is attached from the abdominal portion 211 to the bottom portion 210 of the rail 201. Further , the upper side portion 215 b is attached from the bottom surface 213 of the head 207 of the rail 201 to the abdomen 211. A groove 217 is formed between the lower piece 215a and the upper piece 215b. The floor plate 202 is fixed by engaging the engaging portion 205 with the groove 217 of the support member 212.

  The support member 214 is used to fix the floor plate 203 laid outside the gauge, and is attached to the side surface of the rail 201. The support member 214 covers from the bottom surface 213 of the head portion 207 to the bottom portion 210 fixed to the sleeper 208 side, and forms a groove 218. One end side of the floor plate 203 is fixed by fitting the engaging portion 206 into the groove 218 of the support member 214.

  On the other hand, a support block 216 that supports the other end of the floor plate 203 is laid outside the gauge. The support block 216 is laid parallel to the rail 201. The support block 216 is made of reinforced concrete, and is laid above a concrete foundation 220 previously installed outside the gauge. The support block 216 has a notch 221 extending in the longitudinal direction of the rail 201. The other end of the floor plate 203 is fitted into the notch 221 of the support block 216. Below the floor plate 203, a support rubber 222 is interposed to prevent the floor plate 203 and the support block 216 from coming into direct contact.

JP-A-6-136708

  As described above, the level crossing of the prior art has a problem in that the laying work cannot be efficiently performed because the floor board is a heavy load made of concrete. For this reason, conventionally, there has been a problem that the construction period required for the installation work of the railroad crossing becomes long or a large number of workers are required. On the other hand, wooden floorboards that have been used in the past are lighter than reinforced concrete floorboards, but their durability is low, so maintenance work must be performed frequently, which requires a lot of cost and time for maintenance. Have the problem of

Further, the support member 212 is used by combining a lower piece portion 215a and an upper piece portion 215b that are separately molded. The upper piece 215b is a member independent of the lower piece 215a. Therefore, when laying the floor plate 202, the operator first installs the floor plate 202 after installing the lower piece 215a, and then fits the upper piece 215b from the side between the bottom surface of the rail head 207 and the floor plate 202. Requires work. Therefore, in the prior art, the laying operation of the floor board 202 is an extremely inefficient operation requiring skill.

Further, since the support member 214 is an integrally formed rubber member, the laying operation of the floor plate 203 is relatively easier than the case where the support member 212 is used. However, even when the support member 214 is used, it is necessary to incline and handle the heavy floorboard 203 in order to fit the engaging portion 206 into the groove 218 of the support member 214, which makes it difficult to lay the work. is there.

  As described above, since the floor plates 202 and 203 employed in the prior art are heavy items made of reinforced concrete, it is necessary to use a large apparatus such as a heavy machine for laying. For this reason, even an operation that simply changes the posture such as inclining the floor plates 202 and 203 requires skill and takes a lot of time.

  Also, when removing the floor plates 202 and 203 for maintenance, etc., not only special jigs and heavy machinery are required as in laying, but also a lot of time and labor are required for the work.

  In view of such a problem, an object of the present invention is to provide a level crossing that is excellent in workability of a floor board and can be easily laid or removed.

Accordingly, the invention according to claim 1 provided to solve the above-described problem is that, in a railroad crossing in which the roadbed is covered by a floor board laid along the rail, the rail has a head portion that is in contact with a railroad wheel, It has a bottom fixed to the roadbed side and an abdomen connecting the head and the bottom, and a support member is interposed between the rail and the floor plate, and the support member covers the side of the abdomen. And a covering portion that is substantially flush with the side surface of the head, and a protruding portion that protrudes from the covering portion toward the floor plate, and an engaging portion that engages with the protruding portion is provided on the floor plate. It is is greater than the longitudinal length intervals floorboards head between the rails, when the above floorboards when laying floorboards exert a load, fitting the engaging portion protruding portion is elastically deformed Rukoto It is a railroad crossing characterized by.

  In the railroad crossing according to the present invention, the support member interposed between the floor board and the rail covers the abdominal portion of the rail, and the covering portion is substantially flush with the side surface of the head. Therefore, the railroad crossing of the present invention can be laid or removed only by moving the floor board in the vertical direction with respect to the rail, for example. That is, the railroad crossing according to the present invention can be laid and removed without using a special jig or tool by tilting the floor board and forcibly fitting it to the rail as in the conventional level crossing. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a railroad crossing that can be easily laid or removed. Moreover, since the railroad crossing according to the present invention is easy to lay or remove, it is possible to greatly reduce the manpower and construction period required for these operations.

  The support member employed in the crossing of the present invention has a protruding portion protruding from the covering portion, and an engaging portion that engages with the protruding portion is provided on the floor plate. Therefore, once the railroad crossing according to the present invention is laid, even if a person or a vehicle passes over the floor board due to the engagement relationship formed by the protruding part and the engaging part, the floor board does not rise. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a railroad crossing with excellent floor board stability.

  In addition, since many railroad crossings that are normally laid are configured by arranging a plurality of floor boards in the rail extension direction, it is assumed that wear occurs due to friction with adjacent floor boards. As described above, in the railroad crossing according to the present invention, even if a load acts on the floor board due to passage of a person or a vehicle, the floor board hardly rises. Therefore, according to the above-described configuration, even when the crossing is configured by arranging a plurality of floor boards, friction between the floor boards is hardly generated, and wear due to this is also small. Therefore, according to the above-described configuration, it is possible to greatly reduce the maintenance labor for the floor board wear, and to minimize the cost required for the management of the crossing.

Further, the invention related to the present invention includes a support member that is fixed to the roadbed outside the gauge and supports one end or both ends of the floorboard at a level crossing in which the roadbed is covered with the floorboard, and between the support member and the floorboard. A support member is interposed in the support member, and the support member is provided with a covering portion extending in a direction along the side surface of the floor plate, and a protruding portion protruding from the covering portion toward the floor plate side. The crossing is characterized in that an engaging portion that engages with the protruding portion of the support member is provided.

In the railroad crossing of the invention related to the present invention, the support member interposed between the floor plate support portion and the floor plate of the support member has the covering portion extending in the direction along the side surface of the floor plate. Therefore, the railroad crossing according to the present invention can be laid or removed only by moving the floor board in the vertical direction with respect to the support member. That is, the railroad crossing of the present invention can be laid without performing special work such as tilting the floor board using a heavy machine or the like as in the prior art, or screwing the floor board using a special jig. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a railroad crossing excellent in workability capable of easily laying or removing a floor board.

  As described above, the railroad crossing according to the present invention can lay or remove the floor board easily, so that it is possible to greatly reduce the number of workers and the construction period required for the construction and removal work of the railroad crossing.

In the crossing of the invention related to the present invention, the support member has a protruding portion that protrudes in a direction away from the support member rather than the holding surface in contact with the floor board. On the other hand, the floor plate is provided with an engaging portion that engages with the protruding portion of the support member. Therefore, in the railroad crossing according to the present invention, when the floor board is laid, the engaging part of the floor board and the projecting part of the support member are engaged, and the floor board is firmly fixed to the support member. Therefore, according to the above-described configuration, it is possible to provide a railroad crossing having excellent stability in which the floor board does not rise even when a load is concentrated on the floor board due to traffic of a person or a vehicle.

Since the level crossing of the invention related to the present invention hardly raises the floor board, the friction between the floor board and a member adjacent thereto hardly occurs. For this reason, the railroad crossing according to the present invention is less likely to cause friction between the floorboards and less wear even when a plurality of floorboards are arranged side by side in the rail extension direction as in a conventional railroad crossing, for example. Therefore, according to the above-described configuration, it is possible to provide a railroad crossing that can reduce floor board wear and minimize maintenance labor and costs.

The railroad crossing according to claim 1 is configured by juxtaposing a plurality of floor boards, the floor boards having a connection surface facing an adjacent floor board, and an engagement portion protruding from the connection surface and the engagement portion One or both of the engaged portions that can be engaged with each other are provided, and are connected by engaging the engaging portion of one adjacent floor plate and the engaged portion of the other floor plate. It may be characterized by that. (Claim 2 )

  The floor board which comprises the level crossing of this invention provides the engaging part and the to-be-engaged part in the connection surface facing an adjacent floor board. The railroad crossing of this invention is connected by connecting the engaging part and engaged part which were provided in the floor board. Therefore, the positional relationship between adjacent floor boards can be adjusted by adjusting the position of the engaging part or the engaged part. More specifically, for example, if the positions of the engaging portion and the engaged portion are adjusted to be the same position in the thickness direction of the floor plate, the top surfaces of the adjacent floor plates can be flush with each other. is there. In other words, according to the present invention, it is possible to lay the ceiling so that the top surface is flush by simply connecting the engaging portion and the engaged portion of each floor board, and the road bed is leveled. There is no need to do it strictly. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a railroad crossing that can be laid so that the top surfaces of adjacent floor boards are flush with each other without performing special height adjustment or the like.

The invention according to claim 3, floorboards have a cavity which is open on the bottom side, the cavity, according to claim 1 or, characterized in that the fixing device for fixing the rails to the sleepers can be accommodated It is a level crossing as described in 2 .

  In the railroad crossing according to the present invention, the fixing device is accommodated in the hollow portion opened on the bottom surface side of the floor board, and direct contact between the floor board and the fixing device can be prevented. Therefore, even if a load acts from above the floorboard, the load is not concentrated locally. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the floor board from being broken or damaged due to the contact between the floor board and the fixing device.

In the railroad crossing according to the first to third aspects, it is desirable that the floor board is made of synthetic wood in which long fibers are aligned and buried in a certain direction. (Claim 4 )

  Since the crossing floor board of the present invention is made of synthetic wood, it is much lighter than the conventional level crossing floor board made of reinforced concrete. Therefore, according to the present invention, the work of laying / removing the floorboard on the track can be efficiently performed with a light weight, and the personnel, work period, cost, and the like required for these operations can be minimized.

  Here, in the above-mentioned level crossing, if the floor board is wet as in rainy weather, there is a possibility that people or vehicles passing through the level crossing may slip. Moreover, if the coefficient of friction of the side surface or the bottom surface of the floor board is low, the floor board itself may cause a positional shift or the like due to an external force acting on the floor board.

  Based on such knowledge, the above-described railroad crossing can be configured such that the friction coefficient of some or all of at least any one of the top, bottom, and side surfaces of the floor board is higher than that of other portions.

  According to such a configuration, it is possible to provide a highly safe level crossing that can prevent a slip of a person or vehicle passing the level crossing. Similarly, if a part or all of the bottom and side surfaces have a higher coefficient of friction than other parts, even if a large external force acts on the floor board, the floor board laying position does not shift.

As described above, the railroad crossing is configured by arranging a plurality of floor boards in parallel, and is often laid in a state in which the connection surfaces of the floor boards are in contact with each other. In crossing configured this way, more to the upper floor people and vehicles passing through, causes a connection faces are friction juxtaposed floor, which may result in wear.

  Therefore, based on such knowledge, the level crossing described above may be configured by arranging a plurality of floor boards side by side along the rails, and having a wear prevention member having a friction coefficient lower than that of synthetic wood interposed between adjacent floor boards. Is possible.

  According to such a configuration, it is possible to provide a railroad crossing in which wear hardly occurs even when there is friction with an adjacent floor board or other member due to traffic of a person or a vehicle.

  The support member constituting the above-described railroad crossing may have a space forming portion that forms a space between the rail and the back surface that is in contact with the rail.

  According to this configuration, if any external force is applied to the support member, the support member can be easily deformed. Therefore, according to the above-described configuration, for example, if the protrusion of the support member is pressed by the floor plate when laying / removing the floor plate, the protrusion that hinders the laying / removal of the floor plate is temporarily deformed, and the floor plate is smoothly Can be laid and removed.

  The support member employed in the above-described crossing may have a space portion inside the protruding portion.

  According to such a configuration, for example, if an external force is applied to the protruding portion via the floor plate, the protruding portion that prevents the movement of the floor plate can be temporarily deformed when the floor plate is laid or removed. This makes it easier to lay and remove floorboards.

  In the crossing described above, the support member may be engaged with a part of the floor plate in the short side direction or the long side direction.

  Even with such a configuration, it is possible to provide a highly stable railroad crossing in which the floor board does not rise even when an external force acts on the floor board from a person or vehicle passing on the floor board.

  In the crossing described above, a protective member having higher wear resistance than the support member may be attached to a part or all of the support member.

  According to such a configuration, it is possible to prevent the support member from being worn by friction caused by a person or vehicle crossing the railroad crossing or by friction with other members such as a floor plate and a rail.

  In the above-mentioned crossing, it is desirable that the floor board has higher wear resistance than the other part in contact with the floor board arranged adjacently or other members.

  According to such a configuration, even if friction between floor boards or friction between the floor boards and other members occurs for some reason, wear of the floor boards can be minimized. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to provide a railroad crossing in which the floor board is not worn for a long time after laying.

  Furthermore, the above-mentioned railroad crossing may be one in which the floor board is laid so that the sleepers are positioned at the approximate center in the short side direction or the long side direction.

  According to such a configuration, it is possible to prevent an external force received from a person or vehicle passing through the railroad crossing from acting on a part of the floor board. Therefore, according to the present invention, it is possible to prevent the floor board for level crossing from being lifted or damaged due to local concentration of external force.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the level crossing excellent in the workability which can lay and remove a floor board can be provided, without using a special jig and tool. Moreover, since the railroad crossing according to the present invention is easy to lay or remove, it is possible to greatly reduce the manpower and construction period required for these operations.

  Next, a level crossing according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a front view and a cross-sectional view showing a railroad crossing according to the present embodiment. FIG. 2 is a front view, a cross-sectional view, and a side view of a floor board employed in the crossing shown in FIG. 3 and 4 are perspective views showing a state in which the floor board shown in FIG. 2 is observed from the top side and the bottom side, and FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the floor board. FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a core material adopted in the floor board shown in FIGS. FIG. 7 is a front view and a sectional view of a floor board employed in the crossing shown in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 8, 9, and 10 are a perspective view and an exploded perspective view of the floor board. FIG. 11 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a main part of the crossing shown in FIG. 12 and 13 are perspective views showing a support member employed in the crossing of the present embodiment. In the following description, the vertical positional relationship and the front / back relationship will be described based on the posture when the railroad crossing is laid.

  In FIG. 1, 1 is a railroad crossing of this embodiment. The railroad crossing 1 is formed by laying floor boards 2 and 3 so as to cover the roadbed. The floor board 2 is fixed in a rail formed by laying rails 6 and 6 in parallel on a sleeper 5 arranged at regular intervals on the road bed. The floor board 3 is laid outside the rails 6 and 6 over the rails 6 and 6 and support blocks 7 and 7 (support members) arranged in parallel to the rails 6 and 6. The floor plates 2 and 3 are laid so that both the rail 6 and 6 extend in the short direction and the longitudinal direction intersects the rails 6 and 6.

  Each of the floor boards 2 and 3 is made of a resin reinforced with long fibers embedded in a predetermined direction in the most part, that is, synthetic wood, and more preferably glass long fibers are pulled in a predetermined direction. It is formed by a thermosetting resin foam body (for example, product name “Eslon Neo Lumber FFU” manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., etc.) that is embedded in a uniform manner. Synthetic wood can be suitably used as a constituent material of the floor boards 2 and 3 because deterioration such as corrosion does not occur even if it is placed in an environment exposed to wind and rain for many years.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the floor plate 2 is obtained by fixing reinforcing plates 11, 12, 13 and a core material 15 to a flat top plate 10 using an adhesive or the like. Here, the adhesive for adhering each member such as the top panel 10 is not particularly limited, and is appropriately selected according to the material such as the long fiber of synthetic wood and the thermosetting resin foam constituting each member. can do. For example, when the top plate 10, the reinforcing plates 11, 12, 13 and the core material 15 are composed of long glass fibers and a hard urethane resin foam, an epoxy resin can be suitably used as an adhesive.

  The top plate 10 is a member made of synthetic wood in which long fibers are aligned and buried in the longitudinal direction, as indicated by an arrow F1 in FIG. The top plate 10 is obtained by spraying the top surface 16 with sand or the like. Therefore, the top plate 10 has a higher coefficient of friction than the reinforcing plate 12 and the reinforcing plate 13 in which the top surface 16 forms another surface such as the back surface 17 and the bottom surface of the floor plate 2. Therefore, the railroad crossing 1 can pass safely without causing a slip or the like for a person or vehicle passing on the floor board 2 even when the top panel 10 is wet in rainy weather or the like.

  On the back surface 17 side of the top plate 10, as shown in FIG. 5, there are provided stepped portions 18 that are stepped by cutting off corners at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the top plate 10. Further, six recesses 20 are provided on the back surface 17 along the corners 18. The recess 20 is for inserting a plug 21 or a plug 22 for fixing the reinforcing plates 11 and 12.

  Reinforcing plates 11 and 12 are laminated at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the top plate 10 and fixed by adhesives and plugs 21 and 22 made of synthetic wood. As shown in FIG. 5, the reinforcing plates 11 and 12 are provided with notches 23 and 25 in the middle portions in the longitudinal direction. The cutouts 23 and 25 are rectangular shapes cut from the side surfaces 11a and 12a to the side surfaces 11b and 12b, so that the reinforcing plates 11 and 12 have a substantially “U” shape in plan view. Yes. Reinforcing plates 11 and 12 are both made of synthetic wood, and are formed by aligning long fibers in the longitudinal direction of reinforcing plates 11 and 12 as shown by arrow F2 in FIG.

  The reinforcing plates 11 and 12 are laminated and integrated on the back surface 17 of the top plate 10. The reinforcing plates 11 and 12 have the same length in the long direction as the length of the top plate 10 in the short direction. On the other hand, the reinforcing plate 12 has a shorter length than the reinforcing plate 11. The reinforcing plates 11 and 12 are laminated with the side surfaces 11b and 12b aligned, and a stepped cavity 28 is formed on the back surface 17 side of the top plate 10.

  Through holes 26 and 27 arranged at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction are provided at intermediate portions in the short direction of the reinforcing plates 11 and 12. When the reinforcing plates 11 and 12 are laminated so that the side surfaces 11b and 12b are aligned, the two through holes 26 at the center in the longitudinal direction of the reinforcing plate 11 are exposed to the notch 25 side of the reinforcing plate 12, and the other The through hole 26 communicates with the through hole 27 of the reinforcing plate 12. The reinforcing plates 11 and 12 are integrated by inserting the plugs 21 and 22 through the through holes 27 of the reinforcing plate 12 or the through holes 26 exposed in the cutouts 25, and are fixed to the back surface 17 of the top plate 10. . The reinforcing plates 11 and 12 are fixed so that the end portions on the side surfaces 11a and 12a protrude from both ends in the longitudinal direction of the top plate 10 and are cantilevered. The reinforcing plates 11 and 12 support the core material 15 from the back side to form a protruding end portion 31 (convex portion).

  As shown in FIG. 6, the core member 15 is a member having an engaging portion 30 formed by cutting out the corner on the top surface 15 a side of a solid block body made of synthetic wood in an arc shape. As shown in FIG. 15, the core member 15 has a top surface 15 a and a side surface 15 d that are in contact with the corner 18 of the top plate 10, and a bottom surface 15 b that is in contact with the reinforcing plate 11 that cantilevered from the end of the top plate 10. is doing. That is, the core material 15 is sandwiched between the reinforcing plate 11 and the angled portion 18, and the contact portion between the reinforcing plate 11 and the top plate 10 is bonded and fixed. Therefore, the core member 15 is bonded and fixed so that the engaging portion 30 is positioned on the outer side in the longitudinal direction of the floor plate 2 and faces toward the top surface of the floor plate 2 as shown in FIG. A portion 31 is formed.

  On the other hand, at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the top plate 10, the core material 15 is not fixed at the positions corresponding to the notches 23 and 25 of the reinforcing plates 11 and 12, and a hollow portion 28 is formed. The hollow portion 28 is a stepped space surrounded by the core members 15 and 15 fixed to both ends in the short direction of the top plate 10, the step portion 18 of the top plate 10, and the notches 23 and 25. Open toward the bottom. The hollow portion 28 is located at a substantially central portion in the short direction of the top plate 10 and has a size capable of accommodating a fixing device 8 (fastening device) that fixes the rail 6 to the sleeper 5.

  The reinforcing plate 13 is a flat plate made of synthetic wood in which long fibers are aligned and embedded in the longitudinal direction as indicated by an arrow F3 in FIG. The reinforcing plate 13 is fixed so that the long direction faces the short side direction of the top plate 10 as shown in FIGS. The reinforcing plate 13 is bonded and fixed to the rear surface 17 side of the top plate 10 and substantially in the center in the longitudinal direction of the top plate 10. The reinforcing plate 13 intersects the top plate 10 with the direction of the long fibers, and reinforces the substantially central portion of the top plate 10 in the longitudinal direction.

  As shown in FIGS. 7 to 10, the floor plate 3 laid outside the gauge is obtained by fixing the reinforcing plates 11 and 12 and the reinforcing plate 36 to the back surface 35 b side of the top plate 35 with an adhesive or the like. The top plate 35 is obtained by spraying sand or the like on the top surface 35a, and has a larger coefficient of friction than the other surfaces such as the back surface 35b and the reinforcing plates 12 and 36 forming the bottom surface of the floor plate 3. . Therefore, even if the top surface 35a is wet due to rain or the like, the person who passes over the top surface 35a does not slip.

  As shown by an arrow F5 in FIG. 7, the top plate 35 is a plate made of synthetic wood in which long fibers are aligned and buried in the longitudinal direction. As shown in FIG. 7, the top plate 35 is arranged such that the short side direction faces the extending direction of the rail 6 and the long side direction intersects the extending direction of the rail 6. Therefore, the direction of the long fiber of the top plate 35 when the floor plate 3 is laid intersects the extending direction of the rail 6.

  As shown in FIG. 8 and the like, the top surface plate 35 has an engagement portion 37 formed by scooping out corners formed at a portion where the side surface 35c on one end side in the longitudinal direction and the top surface 35a intersect each other in an arc shape. Further, as shown in FIGS. 7, 9, and 10, a reinforcing plate 36 is bonded and fixed to the rear surface 35 b of the top plate 35 and the end portion on the side surface 35 c side. The reinforcing plate 36 is a plate body whose length in the longitudinal direction is substantially the same as the length of the top plate 35 in the short direction. As shown by an arrow F6 in FIG. 7, the reinforcing plate 36 is a member made of synthetic wood in which long fibers are aligned and buried in the longitudinal direction. The reinforcing plate 36 has a long fiber direction substantially orthogonal to the top plate 35 and reinforces the end of the top plate 35.

  As shown in FIG. 10, a rectangular recess 38 and a circular recess 40 for mounting the plugs 21 and 22 are provided on the back surface 35 b on the other end side in the longitudinal direction of the top plate 35. The concave portion 38 has the same shape as the notch 23 of the reinforcing plate 11 in plan view, and is provided at a substantially central portion in the short direction of the top surface plate 35. The recesses 38 and 40 communicate with the notch 23 and the through hole 26 of the reinforcing plate 11 when the reinforcing plate 11 is laminated and fixed to the back surface 35b side of the top plate 35, respectively. On the back surface 35 b of the top plate 35, as shown in FIG. 9, a hollow portion 43 is constituted by the recess 38 and the notches 23 and 25 of the reinforcing plates 11 and 12. The side surface 35d of the top plate 35 has a groove portion 41 that is located on the concave portion 40 side and has a substantially semicircular cross section. The groove portion 41 extends linearly in the short direction of the top plate 35 and is located slightly above the substantially central portion in the thickness direction in a state where the top plate 35 and the reinforcing plates 11 and 12 are laminated.

  The railroad crossing 1 of the present embodiment is such that the floor boards 2 and 3 are fixed between the rails 6 and 6 or between the rail 6 and the support block 7. Support members 50 and 60 are interposed between the floor plates 2 and 3 and the rail 6 or the support block 7.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the rail 6 includes a head 6 a where a railway wheel (not shown) is in contact, a bottom 6 b fixed to the sleeper 5 by a fixing device 8 (fastening device), and a head 6 a and a bottom 6 b. It is comprised by the abdominal part 6c to connect. The support member 50 attached to the side surface of the rail 6 is a rubber member having a substantially “L” cross-sectional shape and covers the side surface of the rail 6.

  More specifically, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the support member 50 includes an inclined wall portion 51 that covers an inclined surface 6d formed in a portion that connects the head portion 6a to the abdominal portion 6c, and a vertical portion that covers the abdominal portion 6c. It has the wall part 52 and the bottom wall part 53 which coat | covers the bottom part 6b, and has the holding | maintenance surface 54 by which cross sectional view is substantially "L" shape. In addition, a projection 55 that protrudes in the horizontal direction from the surface of the vertical wall 52 in a cross-sectional view is provided at the tip of the inclined wall 51. Further, the back surface 56 of the support member 50 is provided with a deformation assisting groove 57 (space forming portion) in which a boundary portion between the inclined wall portion 51 and the vertical wall portion 52 is cut out in an arc shape.

  As shown in FIG. 11, the support member 50 is mounted such that the back surface 56 is in close contact with the side surface of the rail 6, and the surface of the vertical wall portion 52 is substantially flush with the side surface of the head 6 a of the rail 6. Yes. The inclined wall portion 51 and the bottom wall portion 53 are attached to the surfaces of the inclined surface 6d and the bottom portion 6b of the rail 6. The protrusion 55 at the tip of the inclined wall 51 slightly protrudes in a direction away from the surface of the head 6 a of the rail 6. Further, the deformation assisting groove 57 forms a space 58 between the head portion 6a of the rail 6 and the constricted portion 6e which is a boundary portion between the body portion 6c. The space 58 functions as a relief against deformation of the support member 50 when the floor plates 2 and 3 are laid and removed.

  As shown in FIG. 13, the support member 60 is attached to the support block 7 and supports the end portion of the floor plate 3. The support block 7 has a step portion 61 (floor plate support portion) extending in the longitudinal direction, and the step portion 61 is arranged in a posture facing the rail 6 side. The support member 60 is a rubber member having a substantially “L” -shaped cross section, and has a shape that is in close contact with the stepped portion 61. That is, the support member 60 includes a horizontal wall portion 60a along the horizontal plane 61a of the stepped portion 61 and a vertical wall portion 60b along the vertical plane 61b perpendicular to the horizontal plane 61a. The tip portion of the vertical wall portion 60b, that is, the portion on the top surface 7a side of the support block 7 when the support member 60 is mounted on the stepped portion 61, is provided with an anti-lift protrusion 62 (protrusion) for preventing the floor plate 3 from rising. Part). The levitation preventing protrusion 62 is a triangular columnar protrusion having an inclined surface 62b protruding in a direction away from the surface of the vertical wall 60b, and the end of the floor plate 3 is formed by the lower surface 62a, the horizontal wall 60a, and the vertical wall 60b. Is formed.

  Next, a method for laying the railroad crossing 1 according to the present embodiment will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 14 and 15 are perspective views showing a first stage of laying the railroad crossing 1. Moreover, Fig.16 (a) is a side view which shows the 2nd step of laying of the level crossing 1, (b), (c) is the principal part enlarged view of the same (a). FIG. 17A is a side view showing a third stage of laying the railroad crossing 1, and FIGS. 17B and 17C are enlarged views of the main part of FIG. FIG. 18 is a side view showing another laying method of the railroad crossing 1.

  Prior to laying the floor plates 2 and 3, the support members 50 and 60 are attached to the side surface of the rail 6 and the stepped portion 61 of the support block 7 as shown in FIGS. 11, 14 and 15. When the support member 50 is attached to the rail 6, the surface of the vertical wall portion 52 that covers the abdomen 6 c of the rail 6 is substantially flush with the side surface of the head 6 a of the rail 6. Further, the top surface 62 c of the rising prevention protrusion 62 of the support member 60 is substantially flush with the top surface 7 a of the support block 7.

  When the mounting of the support members 50 and 60 is completed, the positioning is performed so that the substantially central portion in the short direction of the floor boards 2 and 3 comes to the position corresponding to the sleepers 5. That is, the support members 50 and 60 are aligned so that the fixing devices 8 for fixing the rails 6 are accommodated in the hollow portions 28 and 43 provided on the back surfaces 17 and 35b of the top plates 10 and 35, respectively. At this time, the floor plates 2 and 3 are both in the posture in which the longitudinal direction intersects the extending direction of the rail 6 or the support block 7. Thereafter, the floor plates 2 and 3 are lowered downward from the vertical upper side of the road bed while maintaining a horizontal posture with respect to the road bed and the sleepers 5 as shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 16 (b), the floor plate 2 has protrusions 31 protruding from the four corners of the floor plate 2 toward the outside in the longitudinal direction by simply descending from the vertical upper side of the rails 6 and 6. It hits the part 55 and does not fit between the rails 6 and 6. However, the supporting member 50 has a deformation assisting groove 57 formed on the back surface 56 side, and the thickness of the boundary portion between the inclined wall portion 51 and the vertical wall portion 52 is thin. A space 58 corresponding to the deformation assisting groove 57 is provided between the support member 50 and the rail 6. Therefore, when a load is applied from above the floor plate 2 as shown by an arrow A in FIG. 16B or a spatula-shaped jig is applied to the side surface of the protruding end portion 31 of the floor plate 2, the protruding portion 55 of the support member 50. Is elastically deformed and dives into the space 58 side. In this state, when the floor board 2 is further pushed in as indicated by an arrow A, the protrusion 55 is fitted into the engaging portion 30 provided in the core member 15 as shown in FIGS. As a result, the protrusion 55 that has been lurking on the space 58 side returns to its original posture due to the elastic force. When the protrusion 55 is engaged with the engaging portion 30, the top surface of the top plate 10 is flush with the head 6a of the rail 6, and the laying of the floor plate 2 is completed.

  The floor plate 3 can also be caught by the protrusion 55 of the support member 50 attached to the rail 6 and the anti-floating protrusion 62 of the support member 60 attached to the support block 7 simply by descending from the vertical upper side of the rails 6 and 6. It does not fit between the rail 6 and the support block 7.

  As described above, the support member 50 mounted on the rail 6 has the deformation assisting groove 57 and can easily elastically deform by forming the space 58 between the rail 6. Therefore, when an external force is applied to the end portion of the floor plate 3 as shown by an arrow A ′ in FIG. 16B or a spatula-like jig is applied to the side surface 35d of the top plate 35, the support member 50 is elastically deformed. The support member 50 can be smoothly pushed into the roadbed side. When the top plate 35 of the floor plate 3 is pushed in until it is flush with the head 6 a of the rail 6, the protrusion 55 of the support member 50 engages with the groove portion 41 provided on the side surface 35 d of the floor plate 3.

  On the other hand, the support member 60 mounted on the support block 7 is a member that can be elastically deformed when the anti-floating protrusion 62 receives a pressing force from above. Therefore, when a load is applied to the floor plate 3 from above as indicated by an arrow B in FIG. 16 (c), the reinforcing plate 36 fixed to the back surface of the floor plate 3 and the side surface 35 c of the top plate 35 are attached to the side surface of the rail 6. The floating prevention protrusion 62 of the support member 60 is elastically deformed. When the floor board 3 is further pushed downward, the floor board 3 gradually fits on the road bed side.

  When the floor plate 3 is pushed to the position where the engaging portion 37 at the corner of the top plate 35 corresponds to the protrusion 55, it is elastically deformed and is crushed between the side surface 35c of the top plate 35 and the support block 7 The floating prevention protrusion 62 which has been in the state returns to the original posture and engages with the engaging portion 37. When the floor board 3 is fitted between the support members 50 and 60, as shown in FIG. 17, the top face 35a of the top face board 35 and the head 6a of the rail 6 are flush with each other, and the laying of the floor board 3 is completed.

  The floor plates 2 and 3 are not limited to the above-described procedures and methods. For example, one end side is first attached to the support member 50 and then the other end side is attached to the support member 50 or the support member 60. It is also possible. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 18, first, the floor plate 2 is placed in a posture in which one end in the longitudinal direction is inclined to the roadbed side (downward), and the projecting ends 31 and 31 are attached to the rail 6. Oriented to the support member 50 side. Thereafter, as shown by an arrow A in FIG. 18, the protruding end portions 31, 31 provided on one end side of the floor board 2 are inserted into the support member 50. As a result, the engagement portions 30, 30 on one end side of the floor board 2 are engaged with the protrusions 55 of the support member 50 attached to one rail 6.

  When the projecting ends 31, 31 on one end side of the floor board 2 are attached to one rail 6 side, the floor board 2 is subsequently attached to the rail 6 side (hereinafter referred to as an existing side) as shown by an arrow A in FIG. The other end side of the floor board 2 is pushed into the road bed side as indicated by an arrow B. As a result, the protrusion 55 of the support member 50 on the existing side of the floor board 2 escapes to the space 58 side formed between the rail 6 and the floor board 2 is pushed toward the existing side, and that much. A gap is generated on the other end side of the floor board 2 (hereinafter referred to as a non-installed side).

  As described above, when the existing side of the floor plate 2 is pressed against the rail 6 side and the non-existing side of the floor plate 2 is lowered to the roadbed side, the protruding end portion 31 on the non-existing side becomes a protrusion of the supporting member 50 on the non-installing side. The portion 55 is slightly contacted, or the protrusion 55 is squeezed into the support member 50. Here, when the projecting end portion 31 comes into contact with the projecting portion 55, the projecting portion 55 is pressed by the projecting end portion 31 and escapes to the space 58 formed between the rail 6 and the like.

  When the end of the floor plate 2 on the non-installed side is fitted into the support member 50, the floor plate 2 is pushed back to the non-installed side by the elastic force of the existing support member 50. Thereby, the projection part 55 completely engages with the engagement part 30 provided at the corner of the core member 15 constituting the projecting end part 31, and the laying of the floor board 2 is completed.

  The floor plate 3 is also laid between the rail 6 and the support block 7 by the same method and procedure as the floor plate 2. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 18, the floor plate 3 has an end portion on the side (hereinafter referred to as a rail side end portion) where the reinforcing plates 11 and 12 are laminated and fixed on the back surface 35 b of the top surface plate 35. The posture is inclined downward toward the side. As shown by arrow A ′ in FIG. 18, the floor plate 3 is pushed into the support member 50 with the rail side end facing downward, and the groove 41 on the side surface 35d and the protrusion 55 of the support member 50 are engaged. It will be in the state.

  When the groove portion 41 of the floor plate 3 and the projection portion 55 of the support member 50 are engaged with each other, the pressing portion is continuously applied to the rail end portion side, and the engagement portion between the groove portion 41 and the projection portion 55 is used as a fulcrum in FIG. As shown by B ′, the end of the other end side (hereinafter referred to as the block side end) of the floor board 2 is pushed downward. As a result, the projecting end 31 protruding from the block side end of the floor board 3 slightly contacts the levitation preventing projection 62 of the support member 60 mounted on the step portion 61 of the support block 7 or the levitation preventing projection 62 is squeezed. And is fitted into the support member 60. The floor plate 3 is pushed back to the block side end by the elastic force of the support member 50 to which the rail side end is mounted, and the engaging portion 37 is completely engaged with the anti-floating protrusion 62 of the support member 60, Laying of the floor board 3 is completed.

  As described above, when one end side of the floor plates 2 and 3 is first attached to the support member 50 and then the other end side is attached to the support member 50 or the support member 60, the floor plates 2 and 3 need to be inclined. Therefore, more labor is required than when the floor boards 2 and 3 are pushed in horizontally and laid. However, since the floor boards 2 and 3 of this embodiment are mostly made of synthetic wood, they are extremely lighter than conventional floor boards made of reinforced concrete or the like. Therefore, even when the floor boards 2 and 3 are laid, it is not necessary to use heavy equipment such as heavy machinery.

  Further, in the present embodiment, the projecting portion 55 of the support member 50, and the engaging portion 30 and the groove portion 41 that engage with the projecting portion 55 are both substantially arc-shaped in cross section. Therefore, as described above, the engaging portion 30 or the groove portion 41 on one end side (end X) of the floor plates 2 and 3 are first engaged with the projection 55, and then the other end side (end Y) is fixed. In this case, the floor plates 2 and 3 can be smoothly rotated using the engaging portion as a fulcrum, and no excessive force acts on the engaging portion. For this reason, the railroad crossing 1 of the present embodiment is supported first when the end portions Y of the floor plates 2 and 3 are attached to the support members 50 and 60 even when the floor plates 2 and 3 are laid as described above. The end portion X attached to the member 50 can be smoothly laid without being detached.

  On the other hand, when the floor plates 2 and 3 are removed, an external force is applied in the direction from the bottom surface side to the top surface side of the floor plates 2 and 3 as indicated by arrows A and B in FIG. As a result, the protrusions 55 and the anti-floating protrusions 62 of the support members 50 and 60 are elastically deformed, so that the floor plates 2 and 3 can be easily removed.

  In the above embodiment, the support member 50 is provided with the deformation assisting groove 57 on the back surface 56 to assist the deformation of the protrusion 55 when the floor plates 2 and 3 are laid, but the present invention is limited to this. is not. More specifically, instead of the support member 50, the floor plates 2 and 3 may employ a support member 65 provided with a hollow portion 66 (space portion) as shown in FIG. Since the support member 65 has the hollow portion 66 inside the projection 55, the projection 55 can be easily deformed by the action of an external force.

Further, in the above embodiment, the support member 60 has a solid anti-floating protrusion 62, but instead of this, a support member 68 having a hollow portion 70 inside the anti-floating protrusion 62 is employed as shown in FIG. May be. When an external force is applied to the support member 68 from above on the inclined surface 62b of the levitation preventing projection 62 as indicated by an arrow A in FIG. 20, the inclined surface 62b moves toward the vertical wall portion 60b as indicated by an arrow B. . However, as shown by an arrow C in FIG. 20, even when an external force is applied from the bottom to the top of the anti-floating protrusion 62, the anti-floating protrusion 62 is hardly deformed and the floor plate 3 can be firmly held. Therefore, if the support member 68 is employed, the floor board 3 can be laid only by applying a smaller external force to the railroad crossing 1 than when the support member 60 is employed, and the floor board 3 does not float unless a large force is applied. Can do.

  As shown in FIG. 21, the railroad crossing 1 uses floor members 2 and 3 by using a support member 71 provided with an anti-floating step 72 (protrusion) instead of the anti-floating protrusion 62 of the support member 60 and the support member 68 described above. It is also possible to adopt a configuration that supports the above. The levitation prevention step portion 72 has a shape in which the upper end portion of the vertical wall portion 60 b is bent, and a lower surface 72 a that protrudes substantially parallel to the horizontal wall portion 60 a and an inclined surface that has a certain inclination with respect to the horizontal surface 61 72b. The support member 71 forms a hollow portion 73 between the anti-floating step portion 72 and the vertical surface 61 b of the support block 7. Since the hollow portion 73 exists on the back side of the levitation prevention step portion 72, when an external force is applied to the inclined surface 72 b from above as shown by an arrow A in FIG. 21, the levitation prevention step portion 72 is vertical as shown by the arrow B. Deforms to the wall 60b side. Therefore, if the support member 71 is employed, the floor plate 3 can be laid only by applying a smaller external force than when the support member 60 is employed.

  On the other hand, as shown by an arrow C in FIG. 21, the levitation preventing stepped portion 72 of the support member 71 does not greatly deform even when a force acts in a direction of pushing up from the lower surface 72a. Therefore, even if a force to lift the floor plate 3 in a normal state is applied, the floating prevention step portion 72 is hardly deformed, and the floor plate 3 can be prevented from floating.

  The support member 60 employed in the above embodiment supports one end of the floor plate 3 outside the gauge and constitutes the end of the railroad crossing 1. Since the rail 6 originally has a groove shape on the side surface, the support member 50 does not deviate from the rail 6 even when a large force is applied in the vertical direction when mounted on the side surface of the rail 6.

  On the other hand, when a load acts on one end in the longitudinal direction of the floor plates 2 and 3 from a person or vehicle passing through the railroad crossing, it tends to float upward at the end opposite to the point of application of the load. Force acts. More specifically, when it acts on the end of the floor plate 3 on the support block 7 side in a concentrated manner, a force that causes the floor plates 2 and 3 to float upward acts on the end of the rail 6 side. However, since the rail 6 is extremely heavy and is firmly fixed to the sleeper 5 by the fixing device 8 (fastening device), the support member 50 attached to the rail 6 or the rail 6 is upward even if a person or a vehicle passes. There is no surface.

  On the contrary, when the load concentrates on the end of the floor plate 3 on the rail 6 side, a force to lift upward acts on the end of the floor plate 3 on the support block 7 side. Since the above-described support members 60 and the like are all firmly fixed to the support block 7 and further have the anti-floating protrusions 62 and the anti-floating step portions 72 and the like, even if a slight load is applied, the floor plate 3 Does not float up. However, since the step portion 61 of the support block 7 is opened upward, if the support member 60 or the like is detached from the support block 7 for some reason such as deterioration over time, external force acting on the end portion on the rail 6 side is caused. There is a risk that the floor plate 3 may float with the support member 60 and the like.

  Therefore, in order to deal with such a problem, instead of the above-described support block 7 and support member 60, a support member 75 and a support block 76 (support member) as shown in FIG. 22 may be employed. The support member 75 has a hook-shaped portion 77 that protrudes toward the back side of the vertical wall portion 60 b that is in contact with the support block 76. The support block 76 has a locking surface 80 protruding in parallel with the horizontal surface 61a, and a mounting groove 78 is formed between the locking surface 80 and the horizontal surface 61a. The mounting groove 78 can mount the hook-shaped portion 77 of the support member 75 and extends in the longitudinal direction of the support block 76. The support member 75 is fixed in a state where the hook-shaped portion 77 is fitted in the mounting groove 78. Therefore, the support member 75 does not come off the support block 76 even if an upward force is applied to the end of the floor plate 3 on the support block 76 side. Therefore, if the support member 75 and the support block 76 as shown in FIG. 22 are employed, the floor plate 3 can be more reliably fixed.

  As described above, since the support member 50 is mounted on the side surface of the rail 6, it does not come into direct contact with a person or vehicle passing over the floor boards 2 and 3. Therefore, the support member 50 has relatively little wear and can hold the floor plates 2 and 3 over a long period of time. On the other hand, as shown in the above-described embodiment, the support member 60 and the like mounted on the support block 7 are worn with the passage of people, vehicles, and the like because the top surface of the anti-floating step 72 is exposed. There is a fear.

  Therefore, in order to cope with such a problem, for example, as shown in FIG. 23, a protection member 81 may be provided between the support block 7 and the support member 68 and the like so as to cover the support member 68 and the like. The protective member 81 is a member having a substantially “U” -shaped cross-section produced by bending a metal plate or the like that has better wear resistance than synthetic wood. The protection member 81 has a horizontal surface 81a and a vertical surface 81b that are mounted along the horizontal surface 61a and the vertical surface 61b constituting the step portion 61 of the support block 7, and a covering surface 81c that is perpendicular to the vertical surface 81b. An engaging groove 81d surrounded by these is formed. When the protection member 81 is attached to the stepped portion 61, the covering surface 81c is substantially flush with the top surface 61c of the support block 7. The support member 60 is fitted into the protection member 81 with the vertical wall portion 60b as the back. Thereby, the covering surface 81c of the protection member 81 covers the top surface 62c of the supporting member 68, and wear of the supporting member 68 due to a person or a vehicle passing through the crossing 1 can be prevented.

Here, when it is assumed that the load acting on the floor plates 2 and 3 is large, the size of the bottom wall portion 53 of the support member 50 and the horizontal wall portion 60a of the support member 60 is required to firmly support this load. It is desirable to increase the thickness. Moreover, when enlarging the magnitude | size of the bottom face wall part 53 and the horizontal wall part 60a, these whole must be in surface contact with the abdominal part 6c of the rail 6 which supports these from the downward | lower direction, and the horizontal surface 61a of the support block 7. Is desirable.

  As described above, the support block 7 is disposed outside the gauge and has a relatively high degree of freedom in design change. Therefore, when it is assumed that a large load acts from the floor plate 3 side mounted on the support block 7 toward the support block 7 side, the horizontal surface 61a of the support block 7 is enlarged and interposed between this and the floor plate 3 The load acting on the floor board 3 can be firmly supported by enlarging the horizontal wall portion 60a of the supporting member 60 to be supported.

On the other hand, the rail 6 has a prescribed size, and the design of the rail 6 cannot normally be changed in accordance with the shape of the support member 50 attached thereto. Therefore, simply by increasing the size of the bottom wall 53 of the support member 50 to support the load acting on the floor 2, the bottom wall 53 protrudes from the leg 6 b of the rail 6, and the floor 3 In addition to not being able to firmly support the load acting on the outer surface, external force concentrates on the boundary portion between the protruding portion of the bottom wall portion 53 and the bottom portion 6b, and the support member 50 may be damaged.

  Therefore, in order to deal with such a problem, as shown in FIGS. 23C and 23D, the bottom wall portion 53 of the support member 50 attached to the rail 6 is sized to protrude from the bottom portion 6 b of the rail 6. The reinforcing member 82 may be attached to the vertical wall portion 52 and the bottom wall portion 53 from the back surface 56 side, and this may be interposed between the rail 6 and the support member 50. With such a configuration, as shown in FIG. 23 (d), the load F 7 acting from above is dispersed into a force F 8 that pushes the support member 50 downward and a force F 9 that pushes the floor plate 3. Since the floor board 3 is laid with almost no gap between the rails 6 and 6, the force F9 pushing the floor board 3 is absorbed by the support member 50 mounted on the other rail 6 and canceled out. Further, the support member 50 is reinforced by a reinforcing member 82. Therefore, if it is set as a structure as shown in FIG.23 (c), (d), even if the big load F8 acts on the floor board 3 from upper direction, it can support firmly. The reinforcing member 82 is preferably made of a material having high strength such as metal. Further, the reinforcing member 82 shown in FIGS. 23 (c) and 23 (d) has engaging portions 82a and 82b bent from the back surface side of the support member 50 toward the holding surface 54 side. There may be no configuration. Further, the reinforcing member 82 can be suitably used for a member that does not have a groove for deforming the support member 50 when the floor plates 2 and 3 are laid and removed, such as the deformation assisting groove 57 provided in the support member 50. .

  In the above embodiment, the support member 60 is interposed between the floor plate 3 and the support block 7 over the entire width (full width) of the floor plate 3, but the present invention is not limited to this. . More specifically, for example, as shown in FIG. 24, a structure may be adopted in which only both ends or a part of the engaging portion 37 extending in the short direction of the floor board 3 are fixed by the support member 60.

  As described above, when the support member 60 is interposed only in a part of the floor plate 3 in the short direction, the portion where the support member 60 is not interposed, that is, the shaded portion of FIG. A groove is formed between the floor plate 3 and the support block 7 by the engaging portion 37 provided at the end of the top plate 35. For this reason, dust such as dust or rainwater accumulates in the groove, which may cause problems such as a loss of beauty and a pedestrian tripping. Therefore, when the support member 60 is attached to only a part of the floor plate 3 in the short direction, the support member 60 is replaced with the engagement portion 37 provided on the top plate 35 in the above embodiment, as shown in FIG. It is desirable that the engaging portion 83 having the same shape as the engaging portion 37 is provided only in the portion where the member 7 is interposed. According to such a configuration, it is possible to prevent a groove from being formed between the support block and the floor board 3, and it is possible to configure a level crossing 1 that covers the entire top surface 35a.

  The railroad crossing 1 of the above embodiment is configured by juxtaposing a plurality of floor boards 2 and 3 in the extending direction of the rail 6, but each floor board 2 and 3 is laid independently. . Therefore, when a plurality of floor boards 2 and 3 are laid, the top surface of the railroad crossing 1 may become uneven depending on conditions such as the undulation of the roadbed at the laying position and the presence or absence of unevenness. In order to solve such a problem, the leveling of the roadbed and the position adjustment of the floor plates 2 and 3 in the height direction must be strictly performed, which may greatly affect the work efficiency of the laying work of the level crossing 1.

  When a plurality of floor boards 2 and 3 are laid side by side, if a person or a vehicle passes over the railroad crossing 1, the floor boards 2 and 3 are slightly vibrated and rubbed. For this reason, if the railroad crossing 1 is used for many years, there is a risk that the floor boards 2 or the part where the floor boards 3 are in surface contact with each other will be worn.

  Therefore, in view of such a problem, for example, the floor plate 85 shown in FIG. 26 or the floor plate 86 shown in FIG. 27 can be adopted instead of the above-described floor plates 2 and 3. Hereinafter, the floor plates 85 and 86 will be described in detail with a focus on differences from the floor plates 2 and 3.

  The floor plates 85 and 86 are mostly the same as the floor plates 2 and 3, but the connection reinforcing plates 87 and 88 are fixed to the back side of the top plates 10 and 35. There is a significant difference in that through holes 90 and 91 that penetrate through the short hole 35 are provided, and a collar member 92 (abrasion prevention member) is attached to each of the through holes 90 and 91.

  More specifically, the collar member 92 is for preventing wear due to friction between the floor boards 85, and is formed by processing stainless steel or the like, which has better wear resistance than synthetic wood. As shown in FIG. 28, the collar member 92 includes a cylindrical portion 92a that is inserted into the through holes 90 and 91, and a disc-shaped flange portion 92b that is provided around the opening on one end side thereof. In the collar member 92, when the cylindrical portion 92a is inserted into the insertion holes 90 and 91, the flange portion 92b is substantially flush with the side surfaces 10a and 10b and the side surfaces 35e and 35f of the top plate 10, 35. Here, the side surfaces 10a and 10b and the side surfaces 35e and 35f are surfaces that face each other when the plurality of floor plates 85 and 86 are juxtaposed, and are surfaces that function as a joint surface between them.

  As described above, since the collar member 92 is made of stainless steel, the collar member 92 is less likely to rust and has better surface slip characteristics than synthetic wood. Therefore, if the collar member 92 is attached to the side surfaces 10a and 10b and the side surfaces 35e and 35f of the top plates 10 and 35, even if the floor plates 85 or the floor plates 86 rub against each other due to vibrations caused by passage of people or vehicles, As a result, the floor plates 85 and 86 are not worn.

  The connection reinforcing plate 87 bonded and fixed to the back surface side of the top plate 10 constituting the floor plate 85 is a long plate as shown in FIG. 29, and the side surface 87a extending in the long direction is equally spaced. And has a rectangular convex portion 95 and a concave portion 96. The convex portion 95 and the concave portion 96 have the same width. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 28, when the two connection reinforcing plates 87, 87 are arranged such that the side surfaces 87a face each other, one top surface 87b faces upward, and the other back surface 87c faces upward. The convex part 95 and the concave part 96 of each connection reinforcement board 87 mesh.

  As shown in FIG. 26, the connection reinforcing plate 87 is bonded and fixed in a cantilever manner on the back surface side of the top plate 10 so that the side surfaces 87a face outward at both ends in the short direction. Therefore, the convex part 95 protrudes from the side surfaces 10 a and 10 b partially extending in the longitudinal direction of the top plate 10. The side surfaces 10a and 10b are surfaces that face each other when a plurality of floor boards 85 are juxtaposed, and are surfaces that function as a joint surface between them.

  The connection reinforcing plate 87 fixed to the side surface 10a side of the top plate 10 is fixed with the top surface 87b facing the bottom surface side (upper side in FIG. 26) of the floor plate 85. Moreover, the connection reinforcement board 87 currently fixed to the side surface 10b side is being fixed toward the back surface side (upper side in FIG. 26) of the back surface 87c. Therefore, if the two floor plates 85, 85 are arranged so that the side surface 10a and the side surface 10b of the top plate 10 face each other, the two connection reinforcing plates 87, 87 face each other as shown in FIGS. Then, the convex part 95 of one floor board 85 fits into the concave part 96 of the other floor board 85.

  Similarly, the connection reinforcing plate 88 bonded and fixed to the back surface of the top plate 35 of the floor plate 86 has substantially the same configuration as the above-described connection reinforcing plate 87 and exhibits the same function. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 30, the connection reinforcing plate 88 is a long plate body, and a convex portion 97 is formed by partially cutting a side surface 88a of the plate body extending in the long direction. And a recess 98 is formed. Both the convex portion 97 and the concave portion 98 have the same width. Therefore, when the two connection reinforcing plates 88 and 88 are arranged so that the side surfaces 88a face each other and one top surface 88b faces upward and the other back surface 88c faces upward as shown in FIG. The convex part 97 and the concave part 98 are meshed and integrated.

  As shown in FIG. 27, two connection reinforcing plates 88 are bonded and fixed to the back surface 35 b side of the top plate 35. And one connection reinforcement board 88 is fixed so that the top surface 88b may face the bottom face side (upper side in FIG. 27) of the floor board 85, and the convex part 97 may protrude toward the outside from the side surface 35e of the top board 35. Yes. The other connection reinforcing plate 88 is fixed so that the back surface 87c faces the back surface side (upper side in FIG. 27) of the floor plate 85, and the convex portion 97 projects outward from the side surface 35f. Therefore, when the two floor boards 86 and 86 are juxtaposed, the convex portions 97 and the concave portions 98 of the two connection reinforcing plates 88 and 88 face each other and fit as shown in FIGS.

  As described above, since the convex portion 95 and the concave portion 96 of the floor plate 85 are both formed by the connection reinforcing plate 87, both are formed at the same position in the thickness direction of the floor plate 85. Similarly, the convex portion 97 and the concave portion 98 of the floor board 86 are also formed at the same position in the thickness direction of the floor board 86. Therefore, after installing the two floor boards 85 and 86 by the same procedure and method as the floor boards 2 and 3, the convex parts 95 and 97 of one floor board 85 and 86 are made into the recessed parts 96 and 98 of the other floor board 85 and 86, respectively. Just by fitting, both the top plates 10 and 35 are flush with each other.

  As shown in FIGS. 31 and 32, the plurality of floor plates 85 and 86 installed inside and outside the gauge as described above are connected via the color members 92 attached to the side surfaces 10a and 10b or the side surfaces 35e and 35f. The shaft 100 is inserted. The connecting shaft 100 is a shaft body having a length capable of traversing a plurality of floor plates 85 and 86 arranged in parallel in the extending direction of the rail 6, and screw portions 101 are provided at both ends thereof. Therefore, the connecting shaft 100 passes through the through holes 90 and 91 of the plurality of floor plates 85 and 86. The plurality of floor plates 85 and 86 are integrated by attaching a nut 102 to the screw portion 101 of the connecting shaft 100 protruding from the side surfaces 10a and 10b or the side surfaces 35e and 35f.

  As described above, since the floor plates 85 and 86 adjacent to each other are integrated by the connecting shaft 100, friction between the floor plates 85 and the floor plates 86 hardly occurs. In addition to this, the side surfaces 10a and 10b serving as the joining surfaces of the adjacent floor plates 85 and 85 and the side surfaces 35e and 35f serving as the joining surfaces of the floor plates 86 and 86 have a smaller coefficient of friction than the synthetic wood and have excellent wear resistance. A collar member 92 is attached. Therefore, even if friction occurs between the adjacent floor plates 85, 85 or between the floor plates 86, 86, the top plate 10, 35 and other components constituting the floor plates 85, 86 do not wear. Therefore, according to the floor board 85 and the floor board 86, it is possible to provide the railroad crossing 1 that is less worn and damaged even when left laid for a long period of time, and that can suppress costs required for maintenance such as replacement of the floor boards 85 and 86. .

  In the above-described embodiment, the top plates 10 and 35 of the floor plates 2 and 3 are both anti-slip by spraying sand or the like on the top surfaces 16 and 35a. It is not limited to. More specifically, for example, the reinforcing plate 12 that forms the bottom surface of the floor plates 2 and 3, the top surface 15 a and the side surface 15 c of the core member 15 that serves as a contact surface between the floor plate 2 and the support member 50, and the like, and the like. A surface having a higher coefficient of friction than other portions may be formed by performing the above process. Further, the top plate 10 of the floor plates 2 and 3 is not limited to the sanding process, and a surface having a higher coefficient of friction than other portions may be formed by roughening the surface or providing grooves on the surface. Good. According to such a configuration, it is possible to prevent a slip of a person or a vehicle passing on the floor boards 2 and 3 and to have a high safety level crossing 1 or to shift the position of the floor boards 2 and 3 even if a large external force is applied for some reason. It is possible to provide a highly stable level crossing 1 that does not occur.

It is the front view and sectional drawing which show the level crossing of this embodiment. (A) is a front view of the floor board adopted in the crossing shown in FIG. 1, (b), (c) are AA, BB, CC sectional views of (a), (d) is ( It is a side view of a). It is a perspective view which shows the state which observed the floor board shown in FIG. 2 from the top | upper surface side. It is a perspective view which shows the state which observed the floor board shown in FIG. 2 from the bottom face side. It is a disassembled perspective view of the floor board shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the core material employ | adopted in the floor board shown in FIG. FIG. 1 is a front view of a floor board adopted in the crossing shown in FIG. 1, (b) and (c) are AA and BB cross-sectional views of (a), and (d) and (e) are C of (a). , D direction view. It is a perspective view which shows the state which observed the floor board shown in FIG. 7 from the top | upper surface side. It is a perspective view which shows the state which observed the floor board shown in FIG. 7 from the bottom face side. It is a disassembled perspective view of the floor board shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing to which the principal part of the crossing shown in FIG. 1 was expanded. It is a perspective view which shows the support member employ | adopted in the crossing of this embodiment. It is the perspective view and sectional drawing which show the support member employ | adopted in the crossing of the invention relevant to this embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows the 1st step of laying of a railroad crossing shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the 1st step of laying of a railroad crossing shown in FIG. (A) is a side view which shows the 2nd step of laying of a crossing shown in FIG. 1, (b), (c) is the principal part enlarged view of the same (a). (A) is a side view which shows the 3rd step of laying of a crossing shown in FIG. 1, (b), (c) is the principal part enlarged view of the same (a). It is a side view which shows another laying method of the level crossing shown in FIG. (A) is a perspective view which shows the modification of the support member shown in FIG. 12, (b) is sectional drawing which shows the state which mounted | wore the rail with the support member shown to (a). (A) is a perspective view which shows the modification of the support member shown in FIG. 13, (b) is sectional drawing which shows the state which mounted | wore the support block with the support member shown to (a). (A) is a perspective view which shows another modification of the support member shown in FIG. 13, (b) is sectional drawing which shows the state which mounted | wore the support block with the support member shown to (a). (A) is a perspective view which shows another modification of the support member shown in FIG. 13, (b) is sectional drawing which shows the state which mounted | wore the support block with the support member shown to (a). (A), (c) is a perspective view which shows the mounting method to the support block of the support member shown in FIG. 20, (b), (d) is sectional drawing of the same (a), (c). . It is a perspective view which shows the modification of the laying structure of the floor board shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the modification of the floor board shown in FIG. 7, and the laying structure of the said floor board. It is a perspective view which shows the state which observed the floor board which is a modification of the floor board shown in FIG. 2 from the back surface side. It is a perspective view which shows the state which observed the floor board which is a modification of the floor board shown in FIG. 7 from the back surface side. (A) is a perspective view which shows the collar member employ | adopted in the floor board shown to FIG. 26 and FIG. 27, (b), (c) is the front view and side view of (a), respectively. It is a perspective view which shows the connection reinforcement board employ | adopted in the floor board shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the connection reinforcement board employ | adopted in the floor board shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the laying method of the floor board shown in FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the laying method of the floor board shown in FIG. It is a side view which shows a level crossing of a prior art. It is a principal part enlarged view of a level crossing shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1 Railroad crossing 2, 3, 85, 86 Floor board 6 Rail 6a Head 6b Bottom 6c Abdomen 7,76 Bearing block (bearing member)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 8 Fixing device 10 Top surface plate 30 Engagement part 31 Protruding end part 35 Top surface plate 35a Top surface 37 Engagement part 41 Groove part 50,60,65,71,75 Bearing member 52 Vertical wall part 54 Holding surface 55 Projection part 56 Back surface 57 Deformation Auxiliary groove (space forming part)
58 space part 60b vertical wall part 61 step part (floor board support part)
62 Floating prevention protrusion (protrusion)
63 Holding part 66, 70 Hollow part 72 Floating prevention step part (protrusion part)
77 ridge part 81 protective member 87,88 connecting reinforcing plate 92 collar member (abrasion prevention member)

Claims (4)

In a railroad crossing where the roadbed is covered by floor boards laid along the rail, the rail has a head that is in contact with the wheels of the railway, a bottom that is fixed to the roadside, and an abdomen that connects the head and the bottom. And a support member is interposed between the rail and the floor plate. The support member covers a side surface of the abdomen, a covering portion that is substantially flush with a side surface of the head, and the covering portion. The floor plate is provided with a protruding portion that protrudes toward the floor plate, the floor plate is provided with an engaging portion that engages with the protruding portion, and the distance between the heads of the rails is longer than the length in the longitudinal direction of the floor plate. large and from above the floor plate during the laying of floorboards exert a load, crossing the projecting portion and said Rukoto fitting the engaging portion is elastically deformed. A plurality of floor plates are arranged side by side, and the floor plate has a connection surface facing an adjacent floor plate, and an engagement portion protruding from the connection surface and an engaged portion engageable with the engagement portion. Either one or both of them are provided, and they are connected by engaging an engaging portion of one adjacent floor plate and an engaged portion of the other floor plate. The level crossing described in. The crossing according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the floor board has a hollow portion opened on the bottom surface side, and the hollow portion can store a fixing device for fixing the rail to the sleeper. The railroad crossing according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the floor board is made of synthetic wood in which long fibers are aligned and embedded in a certain direction.

Images