JP4284393B2 - Plant freshness maintaining agent, plant freshness maintaining method using the same, and plant ethylene generation inhibitor - Google Patents
Plant freshness maintaining agent, plant freshness maintaining method using the same, and plant ethylene generation inhibitor Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4284393B2 JP4284393B2 JP2002247725A JP2002247725A JP4284393B2 JP 4284393 B2 JP4284393 B2 JP 4284393B2 JP 2002247725 A JP2002247725 A JP 2002247725A JP 2002247725 A JP2002247725 A JP 2002247725A JP 4284393 B2 JP4284393 B2 JP 4284393B2
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- JP
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- Prior art keywords
- plant
- freshness
- sodium
- present
- ethylene
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 43
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 title claims description 43
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 title claims description 36
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 title claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- POWFTOSLLWLEBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrasodium;silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] POWFTOSLLWLEBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004480 active ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 81
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 31
- 150000003388 sodium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 20
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 15
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 12
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 11
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- PAJPWUMXBYXFCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-aminocyclopropanecarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1(N)CC1 PAJPWUMXBYXFCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 8
- UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium bicarbonate Chemical compound [Na+].OC([O-])=O UIIMBOGNXHQVGW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium acetate Chemical compound [Na+].CC([O-])=O VMHLLURERBWHNL-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000001632 sodium acetate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000017281 sodium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000002639 sodium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium benzoate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WXMKPNITSTVMEF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- 239000004299 sodium benzoate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000010234 sodium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910000030 sodium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000017557 sodium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 235000007516 Chrysanthemum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 244000070406 Malus silvestris Species 0.000 description 3
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 235000017550 sodium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 sodium orthosilicate compound Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 244000189548 Chrysanthemum x morifolium Species 0.000 description 2
- 239000004606 Fillers/Extenders Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005909 Kieselgur Substances 0.000 description 2
- MEFKEPWMEQBLKI-AIRLBKTGSA-N S-adenosyl-L-methioninate Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](C[S+](CC[C@H](N)C([O-])=O)C)O[C@H]1N1C2=NC=NC(N)=C2N=C1 MEFKEPWMEQBLKI-AIRLBKTGSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960001570 ademetionine Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000021016 apples Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052570 clay Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002552 dosage form Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycine betaine Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 2
- YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N salicylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1O YGSDEFSMJLZEOE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 2
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N (S)-malic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- USGUVNUTPWXWBA-JRIXXDKMSA-N (e,2s)-2-amino-4-(2-aminoethoxy)but-3-enoic acid Chemical compound NCCO\C=C\[C@H](N)C(O)=O USGUVNUTPWXWBA-JRIXXDKMSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 101710194665 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010010888 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid oxidase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- XPALGXXLALUMLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(dimethylamino)tetradecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC(N(C)C)C(O)=O XPALGXXLALUMLE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKMHFZQWWAIEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]ethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OCC[NH+]1CCN(CCS([O-])(=O)=O)CC1 JKMHFZQWWAIEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXHLLJAMBQLULT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[6-[4-(2-hydroxyethyl)piperazin-1-yl]-2-methylpyrimidin-4-yl]amino]-n-(2-methyl-6-sulfanylphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-5-carboxamide;hydrate Chemical compound O.C=1C(N2CCN(CCO)CC2)=NC(C)=NC=1NC(S1)=NC=C1C(=O)NC1=C(C)C=CC=C1S WXHLLJAMBQLULT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001133760 Acoelorraphe Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000005528 Arctium lappa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003130 Arctium lappa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008078 Arctium minus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000007124 Brassica oleracea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003899 Brassica oleracea var acephala Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011301 Brassica oleracea var capitata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000001169 Brassica oleracea var oleracea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000005250 Chrysanthemum indicum Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000060011 Cocos nucifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000013162 Cocos nucifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000858 Cyclodextrin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 244000000626 Daucus carota Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002767 Daucus carota Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N Dextrotartaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-JCYAYHJZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000006497 Dianthus caryophyllus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009355 Dianthus caryophyllus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 240000009088 Fragaria x ananassa Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000007995 HEPES buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N L-methionine Chemical compound CSCC[C@H](N)C(O)=O FFEARJCKVFRZRR-BYPYZUCNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000008415 Lactuca sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000003228 Lactuca sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000218922 Magnoliophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000220324 Pyrus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000220317 Rosa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000109329 Rosa xanthina Species 0.000 description 1
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- ZSILVJLXKHGNPL-UHFFFAOYSA-L S(=S)(=O)([O-])[O-].[Ag+2] Chemical compound S(=S)(=O)([O-])[O-].[Ag+2] ZSILVJLXKHGNPL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000061458 Solanum melongena Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002597 Solanum melongena Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000300264 Spinacia oleracea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000009337 Spinacia oleracea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 description 1
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000443 aerosol Substances 0.000 description 1
- BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-hydroxysuccinic acid Natural products OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O BJEPYKJPYRNKOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002280 amphoteric surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003945 anionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003712 anti-aging effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 229960003237 betaine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
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- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical group O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- CYPPCCJJKNISFK-UHFFFAOYSA-J kaolinite Chemical group [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si](=O)O[Si]([O-])=O CYPPCCJJKNISFK-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
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Landscapes
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は植物の鮮度保持剤およびそれを用いた植物の鮮度保持方法および植物のエチレン発生抑制剤に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来、植物の鮮度保持剤としては、切花に適用するチオ硫酸銀を主成分とする鮮度保持剤をはじめ、様々な鮮度保持剤が提案されている。具体的には、例えば特開平１１−１５８００３号公報には、カチオン、アニオン又はノニオン界面活性剤の利用が提案されており、銀および銀化合物を鮮度保持剤として利用する提案としては特開平１１−５７０１号公報、特開平１１−１８０８０１号公報、特開平１１−１８９５０１号公報、特開平１１−２１７３０３号公報などがあり、フェノール酸、有機酸（ケイヒ酸、スルホサリチル酸、シクロデキストリン）を鮮度保持剤として利用する提案としては特開平９−１５４４８２号公報、特開平９−２４９５０１号公報、特開平１０−２７３４０２号公報などがある。
【０００３】
一方、特開平１０−５０１５５３号公報には、１−アミノシクロプロパン−１−カルボン酸（ＡＣＣ）合成阻害剤としてマレイン酸、マロン酸、リンゴ酸、サリチル酸、酒石酸の利用が提案され、エチレン生成阻害能をもつ老化防止剤とコロイド粒子の利用が特開２００１−１８１１０４号公報に提案されている。
また、特開２０００−１０９４０１号公報には、実質的にナトリウムを含有しない、ｐＨが４．５から６．８の範囲の電解水からなる生花の鮮度保持剤、及び鮮度保持方法が提案されている。
この特開２０００−１０９４０１号公報には、バラの切り花の場合に食塩を含有する電解水を用いると１日で約半数が萎れ生花の鮮度保持には不適当であり、また食塩が生花に残存して悪影響を与える可能性があると記載されている。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本出願人は先に安息香酸または安息香酸ナトリウムなどの安息香酸塩類を有効成分として含む植物の鮮度保持剤およびそれを用いた植物の鮮度保持方法を提案した（特開２００１−３０２４０３号公報）。
この植物の鮮度保持剤を植物に適用すると、植物体自身のエチレンの発生を抑制し、優れた鮮度保持効果を挙げることができる。本発明者等はその後さらに研究を重ねた結果、安息香酸ナトリウムを除くナトリウム化合物が植物に対してさらに優れた鮮度保持効果を有することを新たに見出した。
【０００５】
本発明の第１の目的は、安定的にしかも容易に手に入る安価な資材であって製剤化も容易で利用し易い資材を用いて、植物体自身のエチレンの発生を抑制し、優れた鮮度保持効果を挙げることができる新たな植物の鮮度保持剤を提供することであり、本発明の第２の目的は、そのような鮮度保持剤を植物に適用して植物の鮮度を保持する方法を提供することである。
本発明の第３の目的は、植物のエチレン発生を抑制する植物のエチレン発生抑制剤を提供することである。
【０００６】
【課題を解決するための手段】
すなわち、前記課題を解決するための本発明の請求項１記載の植物の鮮度保持剤は、オルトけい酸ナトリウムを有効成分として含む植物の鮮度保持剤であって、使用に際してその濃度を１〜１０００質量ｐｐｍに調整したことを特徴とする。
【０００７】
本発明の植物の鮮度保持剤は、安定的にしかも容易に手に入る安価で製剤化も容易で利用し易いものであり、植物体自身のエチレンの発生を抑制し、優れた鮮度保持効果を奏する。
使用に際して前記オルトけい酸ナトリウム化合物の濃度を１〜１０００質量ｐｐｍに調整すれば植物の種類、適用時期、植物への適用箇所などに応じて公知の適用方法を用いて適宜容易に適用して優れた鮮度保持効果を挙げることができる。
【０００８】
本発明の請求項２記載の植物の鮮度保持方法は、請求項１記載の植物の鮮度保持剤を対象植物の全体あるいは一部に適用することを特徴とする。
【０００９】
本発明の植物の鮮度保持方法により、優れた鮮度保持効果を挙げることができる。
【００１０】
本発明の請求項３記載の植物のエチレン発生抑制剤は、オルトけい酸ナトリウムを有効成分として含むことを特徴とする。
【００１１】
オルトけい酸ナトリウムは低コストで優れた鮮度保持効果を挙げることができる。
【００１２】
本発明の請求項４記載の植物のエチレン発生抑制方法は、請求項３記載の植物のエチレン発生抑制剤を対象植物の全体あるいは一部に適用することを特徴とする。
【００１３】
本発明の植物のエチレン発生抑制方法により、優れたエチレン発生抑制効果を挙げることができる。
【００１４】
【発明の実施の形態】
次に本発明を以下に示す実施の形態に基づいて詳細に説明する。
本発明は、前記のように本発明者等により安息香酸ナトリウムを除く水溶性ナトリウム化合物（以下、水溶性ナトリウム化合物と称す）が植物体自身のエチレンの発生を抑制し、優れた鮮度保持効果を挙げるという新しい機能を有することを初めて見出したことに基づいて成されたものである。
本発明で用いる水溶性ナトリウム化合物は、安息香酸ナトリウムを除く水溶性ナトリウム化合物であり、有機物でも無機物でもあるいはこれらの２種以上の混合物であってもよく、安定的にしかも容易に手に入る安価な資材であり、水溶性であるので製剤化も容易で利用し易い資材である。
【００１５】
本発明の植物の鮮度保持剤が植物自体のエチレン発生を抑制する作用機作の解明はできていないが、植物からは次のような経路でエチレンが発生すると考えられている。
すなわち、メチオニンからＳ−アデノシルメチオニン（ＳＡＭ）を経由して１−アミノシクロプロパン−１−カルボン酸（ＡＣＣ）が合成され、そしてＡＣＣからエチレンが生成するというのがエチレンの生合成の経路である。
本発明の植物の鮮度保持剤の有効成分である水溶性ナトリウム化合物がＡＣＣからエチレンになる経路においてエチレン合成酵素の働きを抑制しエチレンの発生を抑制するものと考えられる。
【００１６】
本発明においては、水溶性ナトリウム化合物は単独使用でも２種以上の複数使用でもよいが、植物の栄養に有効とされる硝酸塩などの窒素源、燐酸塩、カリ塩、苦土塩、カルシウム塩などの多量肥料成分の他に、マンガン、ホウ素、亜鉛、銅、モリブデンなど微量要素成分などとの混用も必要に応じて適宜行うことができる。
水溶性ナトリウム化合物とともに前記多量肥料成分や微量要素成分などと混用することにより、切り花など植物の収穫前に鮮度保持効果と肥料効果の両面を兼ね備えた施用を行うことができ、それにより植物の樹勢を維持し、収穫後も鮮度を保持することができる。
【００１７】
本発明において用いる水溶性ナトリウム化合物は、特に限定されるものではないが、例えば亜硫酸ナトリウム、けい酸ナトリウム、メタけい酸ナトリウム、オルトけい酸ナトリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、酢酸ナトリウム、塩化ナトリウム、炭酸水素ナトリウムから選択される少なくとも１種の化合物は、安定的にしかも容易に手に入る安価な資材であり、水溶性であるので製剤化も容易で利用し易い資材であるので、本発明において好ましく使用できる。
【００１８】
本発明の植物の鮮度保持剤は、使用に際しては水溶性ナトリウム化合物をラウリルジメチルアミノ酢酸ベタインなどの両性界面活性剤や食品工業に用いられるショ糖脂肪酸エステルや、食品工業で用いられるアルギン酸ナトリウムやカルボキシメチルセルロースなどの増粘補助剤とともに、水に分散させた後、粉砕して製造されるような、水溶液や予め溶かしやすいようにしたフロアブル剤としたり（勿論、界面活性剤や増粘剤の種類は上記のものに限定されない）、
水溶性ナトリウム化合物をけいそう土、クレー、炭酸カルシウム、タルクなどの鉱物質微粉からなる増量剤と混合して、輸送コストや製造コストを低減するため普及性の良い粉体の形態にしたり（勿論、増量剤の種類は上記のものに限定されない）、
水溶性ナトリウム化合物をけいそう土、クレー、炭酸カルシウム、タルクなどの鉱物質微粉からなる増量剤と混合し粉砕し、必要に応じて水中での懸垂性を保つためアルギン酸ナトリウムやカルボキシセルローズなどの界面活性剤を添加して水和剤にしたり、
炭化水素をプロペラントとしてそのまま散布できるエアゾール剤としたり、
水溶性ナトリウム化合物とカオリナイト群、モンモリロナイト群などの鉱物類などを担体に用いて打錠して使用場面の多様性のある錠剤などにしたり（勿論、担体の種類は上記のものに限定されない）することができる。
上記のように本発明の植物の鮮度保持剤は、使用局面に応じて適宜剤形を変えて、例えば溶液の形にして対象植物を浸漬したり、葉面散布して使用したりするなどして使用することができる。
【００１９】
本発明の植物の鮮度保持剤は、上記のような適宜の剤形にして植物の葉菜類への葉面散布や収穫物の浸漬など対象植物全体への適用・施用したり、花卉類への茎葉や切り口など植物の一部に部分散布したり植物の一部を浸漬したりなどして適用・施用することもできる。本発明の植物の鮮度保持剤を適用・施用する剤形や時期や時間などは植物の種類や適用箇所などにより異なることがあるので、植物に合わせて適宜決定することが好ましい。
【００２０】
本発明の植物の鮮度保持剤を対象植物の全体あるいは一部に適用したり施用したりして使用に際しては、本発明の植物の鮮度保持剤をそのまま散布したりすることもできるが、水溶性ナトリウム化合物の濃度を１〜１０００質量ｐｐｍ、好ましくは５〜９００質量ｐｐｍ、さらに好ましくは１０〜５００質量ｐｐｍに調整して使用することが望ましい。１質量ｐｐｍ未満では鮮度保持効果が得られない恐れがあり、１０００質量ｐｐｍを超えてもさらなる鮮度保持効果の向上がないか逆に鮮度保持効果が低下する恐れがある。
【００２１】
本発明の植物の鮮度保持剤の使用時期は特に限定されないが、例えば、植物の収穫前、収穫後の両時期に使用できる。また、対象植物は特に限定されるものではないが、例えば、キク、バラ、カーネーションなどの花卉類、ホウレンソウ、キャベツ、レタス、コマツナなどの葉菜類、モヤシ、ゴボウ、ニンジンなどの根菜類、リンゴ、ナシ、イチゴなどの果実類などを挙げることができる。
【００２２】
【実施例】
以下実施例および比較例により本発明を説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例により何ら限定されるものではない。
（実施例１）
（本発明の植物のエチレン発生抑制剤の調製）
アミノエトキシビニルグリシン［ａｍｉｎｏｅｔｈｏｘｙｖｉｎｉｌｇｌｙｃｉｎｅ、エチレン阻害剤（ＡＶＧ）］および１−アミノシクロプロパン−１−カルボン酸（ＡＣＣ）を含む０．１Ｍヘペス（ＨＥＰＥＳ）緩衝液（ＰＨ５．９）の溶液に亜硫酸ナトリウム、けい酸ナトリウム、オルトけい酸ナトリウム、メタけい酸ナトリウム、、炭酸ナトリウム、酢酸ナトリウム、炭酸水素ナトリウムの最終濃度が１０００質量ｐｐｍになるようにそれぞれ調整し溶解して本発明および参考例１の植物のエチレン発生抑制剤（溶液）を調製した。
【００２３】
リンゴ果肉をＮｏ．３のコルクボーラーでくりぬき、５ｍｍずつに切り、本発明の植物のエチレン発生抑制剤を適量だけ同量入れた各試験管にリンゴを２切片ずつ入れて浸漬し、シリコンキャップをつけ、よく混合した。その状態で常温で２時間後および４時間後に各試験管のヘッドスペースから気体を採取し、ガスクロマトグラフィーを用いて、エチレンの発生量を測定した。下記の比較例１の場合のエチレンの発生量を１００として相対値で表した２時間後、４時間後の測定結果を表１に示す。
【００２４】
（比較例１）
本発明の植物のエチレン発生抑制剤を用いる替わりに水を用いた以外は実施例１と同様にしてエチレンの発生量を測定した。測定結果を表１に示す。
【００２５】
【表１】
エチレン前駆物質であるＡＣＣからエチレンを介在する酵素であるＡＣＣ酸化酵素の活性を測定するために、ＡＶＧでＡＣＣ合成酵素を活性を阻害してエチレン生成阻害活性を測定した。表１に示したように、比較例１に比べ、本発明の植物のエチレン発生抑制剤を用いた場合、試料添加後、２時間、４時間ともにエチレン生成阻害効果が認められ、特に亜硫酸ナトリウム、オルトけい酸ナトリウムで顕著に阻害し、エチレン発生量が少なくなることが判る。
【００２７】
（実施例２）
水溶性ナトリウム化合物（亜硫酸ナトリウム、けい酸ナトリウム、オルトけい酸ナトリウム、メタけい酸ナトリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、酢酸ナトリウム、塩化ナトリウム、炭酸水素ナトリウム）の濃度１０質量ｐｐｍおよび１００質量ｐｐｍの水溶液からなる本発明および参考例２の植物の鮮度保持剤を調製した。開花状態を統一したキク（品種；白大使）を収穫後水切りし、３本ずつ試験に供した。各種溶液の液量は４５０ｍｌとし、キク（白大使）の茎部を浸漬し、経過日数とともに、葉および花の状態がどのように変化するかを観察し、試験区ごとに１本ずつ下記の葉の枯れ程度、花のしおれ程度の評価基準に従って評価点数をつけ、３本を平均した。観察評価結果を表２および表３に示す。
（葉の枯れ程度の評価基準）
枯れ程度を４段階評価とし、健全な状態を４、ほぼ全体が枯れている状態を１とし、その間を１刻みで評価する。その結果を表２に示す。
（花のしおれ程度の評価基準）
観察８日目のしおれ程度を４段階評価とし、萎れがなく健全な状態を４、ほぼ全体が萎縮している状態を１とし、その間を１刻みで評価する。その結果を表３に示す。
【００２８】
（比較例２）
本発明の植物の鮮度保持剤を用いる替わりに水を用いた以外は実施例２と同様にしてしおれ程度を評価した。評価結果を表２および表３に示す。
【００２９】
【表２】
【表３】
表２に示したように、水溶性ナトリウム化合物濃度１０質量ｐｐｍおよび１００質量ｐｐｍの本発明の植物の鮮度保持剤は葉の鮮度保持の効果がみられたが、比較例２の場合はしおれた。メタけい酸ナトリウムおよびオルトけい酸ナトリウムの効果は顕著に表れた。
【００３２】
表３に示したように、水溶性ナトリウム化合物濃度１０質量ｐｐｍおよび１００質量ｐｐｍで花の鮮度保持効果がみられた。けい酸ナトリウム１０質量ｐｐｍ、酢酸ナトリウム１００質量ｐｐｍで効果は顕著に表れた。
【００３３】
（実施例３）
水溶性ナトリウム化合物（亜硫酸ナトリウム、けい酸ナトリウム、オルトけい酸ナトリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、酢酸ナトリウム）の濃度５０質量ｐｐｍの水溶液からなる本発明および参考例３の植物の鮮度保持剤を調製した。開花状態を統一した撫子Ｆ１（タキイ種苗）を収穫後水切りし、３本ずつ試験に供した。各種溶液の液量は１０ｍｌとし、撫子の茎部を浸漬し、経過日数とともに花の状態がどのように変化するかを観察し、試験区ごとに１本ずつしおれ程度の評価基準に従って評価点数をつけ、３本を平均した。観察評価結果を表４に示す。
（花のしおれ程度の評価基準）
しおれ程度を４段階評価とし、萎れがなく健全な状態を４、ほぼ全体が萎縮している状態を１とし、その間を１刻みで評価する。その結果を表４に示す。
【００３４】
（比較例３）
本発明の植物の鮮度保持剤を用いる替わりに水を用いた以外は実施例３と同様にしてしおれ程度を評価した。評価結果を表４に示す。
【００３５】
【表４】
表４に示したように本発明の植物の鮮度保持剤は鮮度保持効果がみられ、けい酸ナトリウムは１０日目でも充分に鑑賞できる程度であった。
【００３７】
（実施例４）
水溶性ナトリウム化合物（亜硫酸ナトリウム、けい酸ナトリウム、オルトけい酸ナトリウム、酢酸ナトリウム、塩化ナトリウム、炭酸水素ナトリウム）の５００質量ｐｐｍと１００質量ｐｐｍの水溶液からなる本発明および参考例４の植物の鮮度保持剤を各々調製した。７２日栽培した小松菜（品種；浜美２号）３株を採取し茎部を各溶液に常温で２４時間浸漬し、その後４℃で９日間保存し、しおれ程度を下記の評価基準で観察評価した。観察評価結果を表５に示した。
【００３８】
（しおれ程度の評価基準）
しおれ程度を、健全４から全体しおれ１まで４段階評価とし、平均して結果を示す。
【００３９】
（比較例４）
本発明の植物の鮮度保持剤を用いる替わりに水を用いた以外は実施例４と同様にしてしおれ程度を評価した。評価結果を表５に示す。
【００４０】
【表５】
表５に示したように、茎部の２４時間常温浸漬で、本発明の植物の鮮度保持剤は鮮度保持の効果がみられた。それに対して、比較例４の場合は６日目からしおれが悪化した。
【００４２】
【発明の効果】
以上説明した本発明の請求項１記載の本発明の植物の鮮度保持剤は、安定的にしかも容易に手に入る安価で製剤化も容易で利用し易いオルトけい酸ナトリウムを有効成分として含む植物の鮮度保持剤であって、使用に際してその濃度を１〜１０００質量ｐｐｍに調整したことを特徴とする植物の鮮度保持剤であり、植物体自身のエチレンの発生を抑制し、優れた鮮度保持効果を奏するという顕著な効果を奏する。
使用に際してオルトけい酸ナトリウム化合物の濃度を１〜１０００質量ｐｐｍに調整したので、植物の種類、適用時期、植物への適用箇所などに応じて公知の適用方法を用いて適宜容易に適用して優れた鮮度保持効果を挙げることができるというさらなる顕著な効果を奏する。
【００４３】
本発明の請求項２記載の植物の鮮度保持方法により前記本発明の植物の鮮度保持剤を対象植物に容易に適用でき、そして優れた鮮度保持効果を挙げることができるという顕著な効果を奏する。
【００４４】
本発明の請求項３記載の植物のエチレン発生抑制剤は、オルトけい酸ナトリウムを有効成分として含むことを特徴とするものであり、安定的にしかも容易に手に入る安価で製剤化も容易で利用し易いナトリウム化合物であるので、容易に低コストで優れたエチレン発生抑制効果を挙げることができるという顕著な効果を奏する。
【００４５】
本発明の請求項４記載の植物のエチレン発生抑制方法は、請求項３記載の植物のエチレン発生抑制剤を対象植物の全体あるいは一部に適用することを特徴とするものであり、優れたエチレン発生抑制効果を挙げることができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a plant freshness retaining agent, a plant freshness retaining method using the same, and a plant ethylene generation inhibitor.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a plant freshness-keeping agent, various freshness-keeping agents have been proposed, including a freshness-keeping agent mainly composed of silver thiosulfate applied to cut flowers. Specifically, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-158003 proposes the use of a cation, anion or nonionic surfactant. No. 5701, JP-A-11-180801, JP-A-11-189501, JP-A-11-217303 and the like, and phenolic acids and organic acids (cinnamate, sulfosalicylic acid, cyclodextrin) are used as freshness-preserving agents. As proposals to be used as such, there are JP-A-9-154482, JP-A-9-249501, JP-A-10-273402, and the like.
[0003]
On the other hand, JP-A-10-501553 proposes the use of maleic acid, malonic acid, malic acid, salicylic acid, tartaric acid as 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) synthesis inhibitor, and inhibits ethylene production. Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2001-181104 proposes the use of an anti-aging agent having a function and colloidal particles.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-109401 proposes a freshness-keeping agent for fresh flowers and a freshness-keeping method that are substantially free of sodium and are made of electrolyzed water having a pH in the range of 4.5 to 6.8. Yes.
In Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-109401, when electrolyzed water containing salt is used in the case of cut roses, about half of them are shrunk in one day and are unsuitable for maintaining freshness of fresh flowers, and salt remains in fresh flowers. It is described that there is a possibility of adverse effects.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present applicant has previously proposed a plant freshness-retaining agent containing benzoic acid salts such as benzoic acid or sodium benzoate as an active ingredient, and a method for maintaining plant freshness using the same (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-302403).
When this plant freshness-keeping agent is applied to plants, generation of ethylene in the plant itself is suppressed, and an excellent freshness-keeping effect can be obtained. As a result of further research thereafter, the present inventors have newly found that sodium compounds other than sodium benzoate have a further excellent freshness-keeping effect on plants.
[0005]
The first object of the present invention is to use an inexpensive material that is stable and easily available, and that is easy to formulate and easy to use. It is to provide a freshness-keeping agent for a new plant capable of providing a freshness-keeping effect, and a second object of the present invention is a method for maintaining the freshness of a plant by applying such a freshness-keeping agent to a plant. Is to provide.
The third object of the present invention is to provide a plant ethylene generation inhibitor that suppresses plant ethylene generation.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, the plant freshness-keeping agent according to claim 1 of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problem is a plant freshness-keeping agent containing sodium orthosilicate as an active ingredient, and the concentration thereof is 1 to 1000 in use. It is characterized by being adjusted to mass ppm.
[0007]
The plant freshness-keeping agent of the present invention is stable and easily available at low cost, easy to formulate and easy to use, suppresses the generation of ethylene in the plant itself, and has an excellent freshness-keeping effect. Play.
In use, if the concentration of the sodium orthosilicate compound is adjusted to 1 to 1000 ppm by mass, it can be easily applied appropriately using a known application method according to the kind of plant, application time, application location to the plant, etc. The effect of maintaining freshness can be given.
[0008]
The plant freshness maintaining method according to claim 2 of the present invention is characterized in that the plant freshness maintaining agent according to claim 1 is applied to all or a part of the target plant.
[0009]
With the plant freshness maintaining method of the present invention, an excellent freshness maintaining effect can be obtained.
[0010]
The plant ethylene generation inhibitor according to claim 3 of the present invention is characterized by containing sodium orthosilicate as an active ingredient .
[0011]
Sodium orthosilicate has an excellent freshness-keeping effect at low cost.
[0012]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for inhibiting ethylene generation in a plant, wherein the plant ethylene generation inhibitor according to the third aspect is applied to all or part of a target plant.
[0013]
By the method for inhibiting ethylene generation of a plant of the present invention, an excellent ethylene generation suppression effect can be obtained.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Next, the present invention will be described in detail based on the following embodiments.
In the present invention, as described above, the water-soluble sodium compound excluding sodium benzoate by the present inventors (hereinafter referred to as a water-soluble sodium compound) suppresses the generation of ethylene in the plant itself, and has an excellent freshness maintaining effect. This is based on the first discovery that it has a new function.
The water-soluble sodium compound used in the present invention is a water-soluble sodium compound excluding sodium benzoate, and may be organic, inorganic, or a mixture of two or more of these, and it is stable and easily available. Since it is water-soluble, it is easy to formulate and easy to use.
[0015]
Although the mechanism of action by which the plant freshness-keeping agent of the present invention suppresses the generation of ethylene in the plant itself has not been elucidated, it is believed that ethylene is generated from the plant through the following route.
That is, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) is synthesized from methionine via S-adenosylmethionine (SAM), and ethylene is produced from ACC in the pathway of biosynthesis of ethylene. is there.
It is considered that the water-soluble sodium compound, which is an active ingredient of the plant freshness-keeping agent of the present invention, suppresses the action of ethylene synthase in the pathway from ACC to ethylene and suppresses the generation of ethylene.
[0016]
In the present invention, the water-soluble sodium compound may be used alone or in combination of two or more, but nitrogen sources such as nitrates that are effective for plant nutrition, phosphates, potassium salts, bitter earth salts, calcium salts, etc. In addition to the above-mentioned large amount of fertilizer component, mixing with trace element components such as manganese, boron, zinc, copper, molybdenum and the like can be performed as necessary.
By mixing with the water-soluble sodium compound together with the above-mentioned large-scale fertilizer components and trace element components, it is possible to perform application that combines both the freshness retention effect and the fertilizer effect before harvesting plants such as cut flowers, thereby making the plant tree The freshness can be maintained even after harvesting.
[0017]
The water-soluble sodium compound used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include sodium sulfite, sodium silicate, sodium metasilicate, sodium orthosilicate, sodium carbonate, sodium acetate, sodium chloride, and sodium bicarbonate. The selected at least one compound is an inexpensive material that is stable and easily available, and since it is water-soluble, it is a material that can be easily formulated and easily used, and therefore can be preferably used in the present invention.
[0018]
The plant freshness-keeping agent of the present invention is a water-soluble sodium compound used in amphoteric surfactants such as lauryldimethylaminoacetic acid betaine, sucrose fatty acid esters used in the food industry, sodium alginate and carboxy used in the food industry. Along with a thickening aid such as methylcellulose, it can be dispersed in water and then pulverized to produce an aqueous solution or a flowable agent that is easily dissolved in advance (of course, the types of surfactants and thickeners are Not limited to the above),
A water-soluble sodium compound is mixed with an extender composed of fine mineral powders such as diatomaceous earth, clay, calcium carbonate, talc, etc., to form a powder with good dispersibility in order to reduce transportation costs and manufacturing costs (of course , The type of extender is not limited to the above)
Water-soluble sodium compounds are mixed with a bulking agent consisting of fine mineral powders such as diatomaceous earth, clay, calcium carbonate, talc and pulverized, and if necessary, interfaces such as sodium alginate and carboxycellulose are used to maintain suspension in water. Add activator to make wettable powder,
An aerosol that can be sprayed with hydrocarbons as a propellant,
Tablets using a water-soluble sodium compound and minerals such as the kaolinite group and montmorillonite group as a carrier to form tablets with various usage scenes (of course, the type of carrier is not limited to the above) can do.
As described above, the plant freshness-keeping agent of the present invention is appropriately changed according to the usage situation, for example, by immersing the target plant in the form of a solution, or by foliar application. Can be used.
[0019]
The plant freshness-preserving agent of the present invention can be applied to the whole target plant, such as foliar spraying on plant leafy vegetables or immersion of harvested crops, in the appropriate dosage form as described above, or foliage to flowering plants It can also be applied and applied by partially spraying a part of a plant such as a cut end or dipping a part of a plant. Since the dosage form, time, time, and the like for applying / applying the plant freshness-keeping agent of the present invention may vary depending on the type of plant, application location, etc., it is preferable to appropriately determine according to the plant.
[0020]
When applying or applying the plant freshness-keeping agent of the present invention to the whole or a part of the target plant, the plant freshness-keeping agent of the present invention can be sprayed as it is. It is desirable to adjust the concentration of the sodium compound to 1-1000 mass ppm, preferably 5-900 mass ppm, more preferably 10-500 mass ppm. If it is less than 1 ppm by mass, the freshness-keeping effect may not be obtained, and if it exceeds 1000 ppm by mass, the freshness-keeping effect may not be further improved, or conversely, the freshness-keeping effect may be reduced.
[0021]
Although the use time of the plant freshness-keeping agent of the present invention is not particularly limited, for example, it can be used both before and after harvesting of plants. The target plant is not particularly limited. For example, flower plants such as chrysanthemum, rose, carnation, leaf vegetables such as spinach, cabbage, lettuce and komatsuna, root vegetables such as palm, burdock and carrot, apples and pears. And fruits such as strawberries.
[0022]
【Example】
EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below with reference to examples and comparative examples, but the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Example 1
(Preparation of plant ethylene generation inhibitor of the present invention)
Sodium sulfite in a solution of 0.1 M HEPES buffer (PH5.9) containing aminoethoxyvinylglycine [aminoethyvinylglycine, ethylene inhibitor (AVG)] and 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), Sodium silicate, sodium orthosilicate, sodium metasilicate, sodium carbonate, sodium acetate, and sodium bicarbonate were adjusted to a final concentration of 1000 ppm by mass, dissolved, and dissolved in the plants of the present invention and Reference Example 1 . An ethylene generation inhibitor (solution) was prepared.
[0023]
Apple flesh no. Cut 3mm with a cork borer, cut into 5mm increments, put two apples in each test tube containing the same amount of the ethylene generation inhibitor of the plant of the present invention, immerse them, attach a silicon cap, and mix well. . In this state, gas was collected from the head space of each test tube after 2 hours and 4 hours at room temperature, and the amount of ethylene generated was measured using gas chromatography. Table 1 shows the measurement results after 2 hours and 4 hours, expressed as relative values, with the amount of ethylene generated in Comparative Example 1 shown below as 100.
[0024]
(Comparative Example 1)
The amount of ethylene generated was measured in the same manner as in Example 1 except that water was used instead of the plant ethylene generation inhibitor of the present invention. The measurement results are shown in Table 1.
[0025]
[Table 1]
In order to measure the activity of ACC oxidase, which is an enzyme mediated by ethylene, from ACC, which is an ethylene precursor, the activity of ACC synthase was inhibited by AVG, and the ethylene production inhibitory activity was measured. As shown in Table 1, when the plant ethylene generation inhibitor of the present invention was used as compared with Comparative Example 1, an ethylene production inhibitory effect was observed for 2 hours and 4 hours after addition of the sample, particularly sodium sulfite, It can be seen that sodium orthosilicate significantly inhibits the production of ethylene.
[0027]
(Example 2)
The present invention comprising an aqueous solution of 10 mass ppm and 100 mass ppm of a water-soluble sodium compound (sodium sulfite, sodium silicate, sodium orthosilicate, sodium metasilicate, sodium carbonate, sodium acetate, sodium chloride, sodium bicarbonate) And the plant freshness-keeping agent of Reference Example 2 was prepared. Chrysanthemum (variety: Ambassador White) with a unified flowering state was drained after harvesting and subjected to testing three by three. The amount of each solution is 450 ml, the stem of chrysanthemum (white ambassador) is immersed, and how the state of leaves and flowers changes with the elapsed days is observed. Evaluation scores were assigned according to the evaluation criteria of the degree of leaf withering and the level of wilting of flowers, and the three were averaged. The observation evaluation results are shown in Table 2 and Table 3.
(Evaluation criteria for the degree of leaf wilt)
Assume that the degree of withering is a four-level evaluation, a healthy state is 4, a state where almost the whole is withered is 1, and the interval is evaluated in increments of 1. The results are shown in Table 2.
(Evaluation criteria for the degree of wilting of flowers)
The level of wilting on the 8th day of observation is rated on a four-point scale, with 4 indicating a healthy state with no wilting, and 1 indicating a state in which the entire body has shrunk, and the interval is evaluated in increments of 1. The results are shown in Table 3.
[0028]
(Comparative Example 2)
The degree of wilting was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 2 except that water was used instead of the plant freshness-keeping agent of the present invention. The evaluation results are shown in Table 2 and Table 3.
[0029]
[Table 2]
[Table 3]
As shown in Table 2, the plant freshness-keeping agent of the present invention having a water-soluble sodium compound concentration of 10 ppm by mass and 100 ppm by mass showed an effect of maintaining the freshness of leaves, but in the case of Comparative Example 2, it was wilted. . The effects of sodium metasilicate and sodium orthosilicate were prominent.
[0032]
As shown in Table 3, the flower freshness retention effect was observed at a water-soluble sodium compound concentration of 10 mass ppm and 100 mass ppm. The effect was prominent when sodium silicate was 10 mass ppm and sodium acetate was 100 mass ppm.
[0033]
(Example 3)
A plant freshness-retaining agent according to the present invention and Reference Example 3 comprising an aqueous solution of a water-soluble sodium compound (sodium sulfite, sodium silicate, sodium orthosilicate, sodium carbonate, sodium acetate) at a concentration of 50 ppm by mass was prepared. Eggplant F1 (Takii seedling) with a unified flowering state was drained after harvesting and subjected to testing three by three. The amount of each solution is 10 ml, the stem part of the coconut is dipped, and how the state of the flower changes with the number of days elapsed is evaluated according to the evaluation standard of about one wilting per test section. The three were averaged. The observation evaluation results are shown in Table 4.
(Evaluation criteria for the degree of wilting of flowers)
The level of wilting is evaluated on a four-point scale, with 4 indicating a healthy state with no wilting and 1 indicating a state in which the entire body is atrophic, with the interval being evaluated in increments of 1. The results are shown in Table 4.
[0034]
(Comparative Example 3)
The degree of wilting was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 3 except that water was used instead of using the plant freshness-keeping agent of the present invention. The evaluation results are shown in Table 4.
[0035]
[Table 4]
As shown in Table 4, the plant freshness-keeping agent of the present invention showed a freshness-keeping effect, and sodium silicate was sufficiently appreciable even on the 10th day.
[0037]
(Example 4)
Maintaining the freshness of the plant of the present invention and Reference Example 4 comprising an aqueous solution of 500 mass ppm and 100 mass ppm of a water-soluble sodium compound (sodium sulfite, sodium silicate, sodium orthosilicate, sodium acetate, sodium chloride, sodium bicarbonate) Each agent was prepared. Three strains of Komatsuna (variety: Hamami No. 2) cultivated for 72 days were collected and the stems were immersed in each solution at room temperature for 24 hours, then stored at 4 ° C for 9 days, and the level of wilting was observed and evaluated according to the following evaluation criteria did. The observation evaluation results are shown in Table 5.
[0038]
(Evaluation criteria for wilting degree)
The level of wilting is evaluated on a four-point scale from healthy 4 to whole wilting 1, and the results are averaged.
[0039]
(Comparative Example 4)
The degree of wilting was evaluated in the same manner as in Example 4 except that water was used instead of the plant freshness-keeping agent of the present invention. The evaluation results are shown in Table 5.
[0040]
[Table 5]
As shown in Table 5, the plant freshness-keeping agent of the present invention showed a freshness-keeping effect when the stem portion was immersed at room temperature for 24 hours. On the other hand, in the case of Comparative Example 4, wilting deteriorated from the sixth day.
[0042]
【The invention's effect】
The plant freshness-preserving agent according to claim 1 of the present invention described above is a plant comprising sodium orthosilicate as an active ingredient which is stable, easily available, inexpensive, easy to formulate and easy to use. The freshness-preserving agent of the plant, wherein the concentration is adjusted to 1 to 1000 mass ppm at the time of use, which suppresses the generation of ethylene in the plant itself, and has an excellent freshness-keeping effect There is a remarkable effect of playing.
Since the concentration of sodium orthosilicate compound was adjusted to 1 to 1000 ppm by mass in use, it can be easily and appropriately applied using known application methods according to the type of plant, application time, application location to the plant, etc. A further remarkable effect is that the freshness maintaining effect can be obtained.
[0043]
According to the method for maintaining the freshness of a plant according to claim 2 of the present invention, the plant freshness-keeping agent of the present invention can be easily applied to a target plant, and an excellent effect of having an excellent freshness-keeping effect can be obtained.
[0044]
The plant ethylene generation inhibitor according to claim 3 of the present invention is characterized in that it contains sodium orthosilicate as an active ingredient , and is stable and easily available at low cost and easy to formulate. Since it is an easy-to-use sodium compound, there is a remarkable effect that an excellent ethylene generation suppressing effect can be easily obtained at low cost.
[0045]
The method for inhibiting ethylene generation of a plant according to claim 4 of the present invention is characterized in that the plant ethylene generation inhibitor according to claim 3 is applied to all or part of the target plant, and is excellent in ethylene. The generation | occurrence | production suppression effect can be mentioned.
Claims (4)
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