JP4249642B2 - Wastewater treatment method for water system of dialysis facility - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a waste liquid treatment method for an aqueous system of a dialysis facility including a hemodialysis apparatus and its waste liquid treatment apparatus, and more particularly, a waste liquid obtained by sterilizing and washing a piping system of a hemodialysis apparatus after dialysis (hereinafter referred to as “washing waste liquid”). It is related with the waste liquid processing method of the aqueous system of a dialysis facility including the process of said.

  Artificial dialysis is a system that supplements human kidney function, removes unnecessary things in the blood, and supplies the necessary things. However, the waste liquid from hemodialysis machines is rich in nutrients such as glucose, Since the oxygen demand (COD) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) are high (the BOD value is often 1500 ppm or more), it is preferable to reduce COD and BOD before discharging to the sewer. Management may be required so that the BOD value is less than 600 ppm as a target of water quality regulations. In addition, the water quality regulations require that the hydrogen ion concentration (pH) of the effluent be discharged to the sewer or public water area after the current pH value is adjusted to 5-9.

  Conventionally, as treatment of hemodialysis waste liquid, treatment with gas phase ozone, treatment with ozone water, or the like is used. For example, an apparatus shown in FIG. 4 is known. This device efficiently mixes the dialysis waste liquid and ozone water in the contact promoting portion 41, and aims to remove the odor of the dialysis waste liquid and decompose the nutrients contained in the dialysis waste liquid ( For example, Patent Document 1). When such an apparatus is used, a neutralization process is separately performed to preserve the quality of the wastewater.

  In addition, contamination generated in the piping system of dialysis machines is mainly organic substances such as proteins and lipids, or inorganic substances such as calcium carbonate, but it also contains medicinal ingredients and biological substances. It is a complex composition such as forming. In addition, the presence of such a composition makes it easy for bacteria to grow. For this reason, conventionally, sterilization and cleaning of the piping system of a dialysis machine (hereinafter referred to as “cleaning”) have been conventionally performed by alkali cleaning with an aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution, acid cleaning with an acetic acid aqueous solution, or these. A two-stage cleaning method combining the two is widely adopted. This utilizes the strong sterilization and reactivity of hypochlorous acid to sterilize and remove organic soil, and dissolve and remove calcium carbonate with acetic acid. In addition, a cleaning agent in which a metal sequestering agent, a surfactant or the like is added to an aqueous sodium hypochlorite solution is also known. Furthermore, recently, peracetic acid-based cleaning agents are often used as cleaning agents capable of removing calcium carbonate, having strong sterilization properties, and biodegradability (for example, Patent Document 2). reference). From the aspect of cleaning ability, sodium perborate can be used, but it is not suitable for the water system of dialysis facilities because it requires special treatment for the cleaning waste liquid considering water quality standards. .

  Today, as a cleaning agent, the above inorganic materials are mainstream, and it is necessary to perform a neutralization treatment in the same manner as general wastewater as a treatment of cleaning waste liquid. As a neutralizing agent, for example, sulfuric acid in alkaline cleaning, etc. And sodium hydroxide in acidic washing with acetic acid or the like is used. If the waste water is drained without neutralization, it may cause concrete corrosion around the sewers and, as a notable example, cause depression of roads around the hospital.

Conventionally, the operation of the dialysis machine and the cleaning of its piping system are not performed simultaneously in time, and the treatment of the dialysis waste liquid and the treatment of the cleaning waste liquid have been performed separately. Therefore, as an aqueous system of a dialysis facility, for example, after completion of dialysis for about 4 to 5 hours in the morning, the piping system is washed for about 30 minutes to 2 hours, and dialysis is performed for almost the same time in the afternoon. In general, the piping system is washed.
JP 2001-149470 A Japanese Patent No. 2599204

  However, in the treatment of the cleaning waste liquid, the waste liquid in the case of using acetic acid has a high acetic acid concentration of 2000 to 6000 ppm, so the pH value becomes 5 or less and the BOD may be about 3000 ppm. Neutralization treatment and treatment of organic matter are required. As for the treatment of organic substances and the like, it is possible to perform the ozone treatment and the ultraviolet irradiation treatment as described above as in the treatment of the dialysis waste liquid, but it is necessary to carry out the neutralization treatment using another treatment means. For this reason, an increase in the size of the apparatus cannot be avoided. In addition, operations are often congested depending on the combination of devices, and it is difficult to centralize processing.

  In addition, the waste liquid in the case of using sodium hypochlorite exceeds pH 9, and when neutralized as it is, organic halogen compounds such as trichlorethylene are by-produced, and the concentration is about 6 ppm to 10 ppm, and the sewage is received. More than 20 times the standard. At this time, it can be removed with activated carbon, advanced processing filters, etc., but a separate facility is required, and the current situation is almost none.

  Conventionally, in each of these treatments, for example, a method of installing a septic tank using the activated sludge method has been adopted. However, as a septic tank, a capacity of 10 tons or a suitable site is necessary, and it is necessary for medical facilities in buildings. Is impossible. About half of the 3000 medical facilities nationwide are clinics in the building, and a treatment method that does not require such large-scale equipment is desired.

  Also, regarding the installation of the neutralizing device, there is a separate running cost of consumables such as a neutralizing agent and a pH sensor, and the installation itself is often difficult at the building clinic.

  Furthermore, in a dialysis facility in an actual medical institution, the dialysis machine and the waste liquid treatment are produced by completely different producers and are combined by the user, so there is no idea of an aqueous system of the dialysis facility including the waste liquid treatment. Met. Therefore, in the conventional method in which the dialysis waste liquid and the washing waste liquid are separately processed, the actual operation time as the water system of the dialysis facility is very limited. It doesn't match.

The object of the present invention is to reduce the BOD and COD levels of dialysis waste liquid and washing waste liquid so as to be treated as wastewater applied to water quality standards such as pH, and to suppress the generation of organic foreign matter in the dialysis machine and the flow path Another object of the present invention is to provide a simple and compact wastewater treatment method for an aqueous system of a dialysis facility that enables efficient operation of a dialysis machine. Specifically, with compact equipment that can be installed in the machine room of the facility, it is possible to drain the water quality management items such as the BOD value below the standard value, and the washing treatment after dialysis can be completed in a short time, It is an object of the present invention to provide a waste liquid treatment method for an aqueous system of a dialysis facility that allows rapid dialysis.

As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present inventors have found that the above object can be achieved by the following waste liquid treatment method for an aqueous system of a dialysis facility, and the present invention has been completed. .

The present invention is a waste liquid treatment method for an aqueous system of a dialysis facility comprising RO water supply means, sterilization / cleaning liquid supply means, dialysis apparatus, and dialysis waste liquid treatment apparatus,
During the operation of the washing process comprising pre-dialysis in the dialyzer, liquid replacement by introduction of dialysate , post- dialysis post-wash, post- dialysis wash, post-wash water wash,
Same processing as step dialysis waste liquid and the washing waste liquid Ru is introduced from the dialyzer to the dialysate waste liquid treatment apparatus, and a processing piping system decontamination washing waste liquid treatment and the dialyzer the dialysis liquid waste of the dialyzer a row cormorant step by the apparatus, as waste treatment, by having a step of performing decomposition treatment and irradiation treatment UV with ozone, to duplicate processes of disinfection and cleaning waste liquid piping system and processes of the dialysis waste liquid It is characterized by that.

  Specifically, each treatment process of the dialysis waste liquid and the washing waste liquid is regarded as one step of the water system of the dialysis facility, and it is possible to perform artificial dialysis for a long time by performing both processes as quickly as possible, and By reducing the number of chemicals or treatment means required for both treatments as much as possible, it has become possible to efficiently operate the water system of the dialysis facility.

  In other words, it is clear that simultaneous treatment of dialysis waste liquid and washing waste liquid is very effective for improving the operating rate of the equipment, and it is especially focused on a limited time like artificial dialysis. The effect is very large in the apparatus which performs. In addition, the present inventor facilitates neutralization that meets water quality standards by simultaneous treatment by one treatment device, and allows bacteria in the waste liquid treatment device to be eliminated by a cleaning agent, And when the cleaning agent to be used was specified, it discovered that the processing speed improved markedly.

For example, taking advantage of the fact that the dialysis waste liquid is relatively large in volume and the hydrogen ion concentration (pH) is about 7.3 and alkaline, acid washing waste liquid such as acetic acid can be used as another solution such as sodium hydroxide. Neutralization can be performed without using a neutralizing agent. Alternatively, an organic cleaning waste liquid such as a surfactant can be rendered harmless by treatment with dialysis waste liquid after being diluted with clean water and treated as waste water. Furthermore, in the waste liquid using the peracetic acid treatment agent described later, the decomposition of peracetic acid or acetic acid is promoted by the presence of the dialysis waste liquid, and the neutralization treatment agent is not necessary and can be processed quickly. . In addition, by reacting waste liquid with ozone, organic and biological substances contained in the waste liquid are decomposed by ozone and converted into water, carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), low hydrocarbons, low hydrocarbon hydroxides, etc. , Reduce the BOD and COD levels of the solution and at the same time reduce the bacteria in the effluent. Furthermore, bacteria can be eliminated by irradiating with ultraviolet rays.

  Thus, in this invention, by having the process which performs both processes simultaneously by the same processing apparatus, while simultaneously performing each process appropriately, the operation rate of the aqueous system of a dialysis facility can be raised very much. In addition, it is possible to form an excellent system in which an excellent effect unique to each cleaning agent can be exhibited.

  Here, RO water (filtered water) refers to, for example, water purified by a reverse osmosis membrane after performing processing such as filtration and ion exchange of tap water, and at the same time, RO drainage ( Concentrated water) is provided.

The present invention provides the biodegradability of the above-mentioned sterilization facility aqueous system waste liquid treatment method for the disinfection / washing of the piping system by combining peracetic acid having a strong bactericidal property and hydrogen peroxide containing a strong bactericidal property and having a washing ability. It is characterized by using a peracetic acid-based treatment agent.

  It is known that a peracetic acid-based treatment agent exhibits an excellent ability for washing a pipe of a hemodialysis apparatus and has biodegradability as described above. The present inventor has found that in the course of conducting research based on such knowledge, the peracetic acid-based treatment agent is rapidly changed into a harmless substance in the dialysis waste liquid.

The present invention is an application of such characteristics, and uses a highly biocidal peracetic acid and a biodegradable peracetic acid-based treatment agent containing hydrogen peroxide having a strong bactericidal property and a cleaning ability. By performing washing and treating the washing waste liquid by mixing with the dialysis waste liquid in the waste liquid treatment apparatus, an excellent aqueous system of a dialysis facility can be configured. By using a cleaning agent containing hydrogen peroxide and peracetic acid, acetic acid cleaning necessary for cleaning calcium carbonate in the piping system becomes unnecessary. Since the pH of the washing waste liquid is mixed with the dialysis waste liquid in the waste liquid treatment device, the dialysis waste liquid itself has a relatively large amount and has an alkaline pH of about 7.3. Neutralization can be easily performed, and it can be kept within the drainage standard. That is, the cleaning agent component in the cleaning waste liquid is rendered harmless by a rapid decomposition reaction, so that the pH of the waste water can be kept within the standard without using a neutralizing agent or the like. On the other hand, since the biological component in the washing waste liquid is a component close to the biological component in the dialysis waste liquid, it can be treated with the original function of the waste liquid treatment apparatus. Both proceed at the same time and rapidly, so that a very excellent waste liquid treatment becomes possible.

In the waste liquid treatment method of the water system of the dialysis facility, the present invention introduces RO waste water supplied from the RO water supply means into an ozone generator to produce ozone water and use it as treatment water for the waste liquid treatment apparatus. It is characterized by.

  In the preparation of the dialysate, for example, tap water needs to be purified in the RO water supply means, but a predetermined amount of RO drainage is always generated. In the present invention, for example, such RO wastewater is used as dilution water or ozone water during treatment of dialysis waste liquid, as dilution water during treatment of washing waste liquid, or as a refrigerant for an ozone generator. By utilizing the optimum method for the entire system, the RO water and the RO drainage can be effectively used and the load on the purification means can be reduced.

That is, producing ozone water from RO wastewater is suitable as an aqueous system of one dialysis facility centering on a dialysis machine and a waste liquid treatment apparatus. Further, the RO drainage is used as raw water of ozone water at the time of waste liquid treatment or as dilution water for the recovery tank 7 and the drainage tank 13 and further as a refrigerant for the ozone generator, thereby effectively using the RO drainage. At the same time, the load on the RO water purification means can be reduced. Regarding the use of RO water and RO wastewater, in addition to considering the effectiveness of individual devices and means, further utilization of RO water and RO wastewater is achieved through the cross-sectional use of dialysis and washing processes or waste liquid treatment processes. Effective use can be achieved, and the entire system can function efficiently.

The present invention relates to a waste liquid treatment method for an aqueous system of the dialysis facility, wherein when the waste liquid is treated, the treatment process of the waste liquid treatment apparatus is controlled based on operation information of the dialyzer, and each process of dialysis, water washing purge, and washing is performed. RO water supply or ozone supply corresponding to the above, control of ozone injection amount based on information on dialysis type or treatment amount, dilution by RO waste water based on information on organic matter amount and control of ultraviolet irradiation treatment, and the dialysis device And the waste liquid treatment apparatus are connected to operate as one system.

As described above, in the water system of the dialysis facility, the dialysis apparatus and the waste liquid treatment apparatus are connected to operate as one system, so that very efficient treatment can be performed. In particular, by controlling the operation of the waste liquid treatment according to the operating state of the dialysis machine, which is the center of the system, the optimal treatment agent (ozone water, etc.) injection amount suitable for the type or amount of waste liquid is determined. Can do. In other words, based on the operation information of the dialysis machine corresponding to each process of dialysis, water purging, and washing, supply of RO wastewater or ozone, control of ozone injection amount based on information on dialysis type or treatment amount, and amount of organic substances By controlling dilution with RO drainage and ultraviolet irradiation treatment based on the information of the wastewater and controlling the treatment process of waste liquid treatment equipment, the treatment time can be greatly shortened and neutralizing agents can be unnecessary or reduced By preventing unnecessary use of RO water, the load on the entire system can be greatly reduced.

As described above, according to the waste liquid treatment method for an aqueous system of a dialysis facility of the present invention, it becomes possible to quickly and efficiently treat the decomposition and sterilization of organic and biological substances in the dialysis waste liquid or the washing waste liquid. The BOD and COD level of the waste liquid can be reduced with compact equipment, and the generation of foreign matters in the flow path can be suppressed.

  Moreover, by having the process which processes a dialysis waste liquid and a washing | cleaning waste liquid simultaneously by the same processing apparatus, while performing each process appropriately, the operating rate of the aqueous system of a dialysis facility can be raised very much. In addition, it is possible to form an excellent system in which an excellent effect unique to each cleaning agent can be exhibited.

  Furthermore, the dialysis apparatus and the waste liquid treatment apparatus are connected to be controlled and operated as one system, so that very efficient treatment can be performed and RO water can be saved.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating the configuration of an aqueous system of a dialysis facility according to the present invention, and will be described as one embodiment centered on a dialysis apparatus and a waste liquid treatment apparatus. However, the apparatus of the present invention is not limited to this, and various modifications can be made according to the purpose.

The water system of the dialysis facility shown in FIG. 1 has, as main components, for example, RO water supply means 1 for supplying RO water purified from tap water A to the dialysis device 3, and for sterilization and washing of the piping system of the dialysis device 3. A cleaning liquid supply means 2 for supplying the cleaning liquid, a dialysis apparatus 3 for dialysis of the patient's blood, and a waste liquid processing apparatus 4 for processing the waste liquid from the dialysis apparatus 3, and processing the cleaning waste liquid during the processing of the dialysis waste liquid. It is characterized by that.

  The blood E taken out from the patient is introduced into the dialyzer 3, and the blood F that has been dialyzed is returned to the patient's body again. The RO water supplied from the RO water supply means 1 is introduced into the dialysis device 3 to form a dialysis solution and supplied to the dialyzer 6, and then a dialysis waste solution is formed and introduced and processed into the waste solution treatment device 4. The The cleaning agent is injected into the piping system in the dialysis apparatus after dialysis is completed, and a cleaning waste liquid is formed and introduced and processed into the waste liquid processing apparatus 4.

  Here, there are various production methods as the RO water supply means 1. For example, the tap water A is treated by passing it through filtration means, ion exchange treatment means, etc., and then purified by a reverse osmosis membrane (not shown). It is possible to take However, if purified water is available, any of these treatments can be omitted.

  As the cleaning liquid supply means 2, for example, a cleaning agent reservoir and a pressure pump are provided to supply the cleaning liquid to the dialyzer piping system after completion of dialysis (not shown). In the cleaning agent reservoir, cleaning agent B having a desired concentration is replenished or diluted to a desired concentration. Moreover, as a cleaning agent, the above-mentioned chemicals such as acetic acid, sodium hypochlorite or the like are used.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the dialysis apparatus 3 basically includes a dialysis fluid preparation means 5 that supplies RO water and a dialysis stock solution C and / or a drug D to prepare a dialysis fluid, and, for example, a dialysis membrane (not shown). It is comprised from the dialyzer 6 provided. In the dialysate preparation means 5, the dialysate solution C and / or the drug D is mixed based on RO water to prepare a dialysate adjusted to contain a predetermined amount of components such as electrolyte. In the dialyzer 6, the prepared dialysate and the blood E taken out from the patient's body are indirectly contacted via the dialysis membrane, and waste products in the blood are taken into the dialysate, while the dialysate Electrolytes are taken into the blood. The blood F that has been dialyzed is returned to the patient's body.

  The waste liquid treatment device 4 may have various configurations depending on the method for treating the waste liquid from the dialysis device. For example, FIG. 1 illustrates a configuration centered on ozone treatment. The waste liquid introduced from the dialyzer 3 is reacted with ozone water and / or gas phase ozone prepared based on tap water A or RO waste water, and discharged as clean exhaust G and clean water H. The dialysis waste liquid is mainly treated, but the present invention is characterized in that the cleaning waste liquid is treated during the dialysis waste liquid treatment.

  The operation method of the aqueous system of the dialysis facility having the above configuration will be described separately for the dialysis process and the washing process based on FIG. 2, and the waste liquid treatment process will also be described. 2A illustrates the operation in the dialysis apparatus 3, and FIG. 2B illustrates the operation in the waste liquid treatment apparatus. Usually, the sterilization process is performed every time one dialysis process is completed, and the cleaning process is often performed, for example, about once or twice a week. The cleaning process here refers to the sterilization process and the cleaning process. The relationship with the waste liquid treatment when any of the treatments is performed will be mainly described.

<Dialysis process>
(1) Connect, set, and operate each component of the water system of the dialysis facility shown in FIG. First, RO water is supplied to the dialysis machine 3 and the apparatus piping is purged with water. At this time, by supplying the RO waste water so as to simultaneously operate the waste liquid treatment device 4 and turning on the ozone generator 9, it is possible to quickly cope with the generation of dialysis waste liquid.

  (2) The dialysate stock solution C or drug D is supplied to the dialysate preparation means 5 and mixed with RO water to prepare a dialysate. It is also possible to adjust the components of the dialysis solution by supplying both the dialysis solution C and the drug D. At this time, since the waste liquid in which the dialysate is mixed is introduced into the waste liquid treatment apparatus 4, the ozone treatment of the waste liquid treatment apparatus 4 starts, and the decomposition treatment of organic substances and the like is started.

  (3) Continue to introduce a predetermined amount of dialysate into the dialyzer 6 (liquid replacement), and introduce blood E into the dialyzer 3 after a predetermined time. In the dialyzer 6, the discharge of waste and the like and the intake of electrolyte and the like proceed simultaneously with respect to the blood, while the release of the electrolyte and the like and the intake of waste and the like proceed simultaneously with respect to the dialysate. At this time, since the dialysis waste liquid is introduced from the dialysis apparatus 3 into the waste liquid treatment apparatus 4, the waste liquid treatment apparatus 4 starts a decomposition process of organic matter / biological system.

  (4) Blood E and dialysate are continuously introduced into the dialyzer 6, and the blood F after completion of dialysis is sequentially returned from the dialyzer 3 to the patient's body. At this time, the dialysis waste liquid for which dialysis has been completed is supplied from the dialysis apparatus 3 to the waste liquid treatment apparatus 4, and the waste liquid treatment apparatus 4 performs a decomposition treatment of organic matter / biological system.

  (5) When dialysis is completed, the introduction of blood E and dialysate into the dialyzer 3 is stopped, and members of the blood flow path such as a dialysis membrane in the dialyzer 3 are replaced. The dialysate is further introduced into the dialyzer 6 for a predetermined time, and the piping to the dialyzer 6 and the waste liquid treatment device 4 is purged. At this time, the waste liquid treatment apparatus 4 continuously performs the decomposition treatment of the organic matter / biological system.

  (6) When the purge with the dialysate is completed, the supply of the dialysate C or the drug D is stopped and the water purge with the RO water is performed. At this time, the decomposition treatment of the organic matter / biological system in the waste liquid treatment apparatus 4 is continuously performed, but the waste liquid treatment can be efficiently performed by diluting the dialysis waste liquid with the RO water used for the purge. In addition, it is also common to purge with dialysis fluid continuously until dialysis is resumed without performing a water purge or washing treatment between dialysis treatments.

  (7) When the water purging with the RO water is completed, the supply of the RO water is stopped and the cleaning process is started. At this time, the decomposition treatment of the organic matter / biological system in the waste liquid treatment apparatus 4 is continuously performed.

<Cleaning process>
(8) The supply liquid to the dialyzer 3 is switched from the RO water to the washing liquid, and the piping system and the dialyzer 6 are washed. At this time, washing waste liquid is introduced from the dialyzer 3 into the waste liquid treatment apparatus 4. In the waste liquid treatment apparatus 4 according to the present invention, acid or alkali treatment can be performed simultaneously with the decomposition treatment of organic matter / biological system. Therefore, it is possible to eliminate the need for operations such as changing the chemical solution or switching the processing apparatus when processing the cleaning waste liquid as in the prior art.

  (9) After injecting the washing solution for a predetermined time, the washing solution is switched to the RO water and introduced into the dialyzer 3, and the washing purge is again performed to remove the washing solution in the piping system and the dialyzer 6 and the foreign matters generated by the washing. At this time, the decomposition treatment of the organic matter / biological system in the waste liquid treatment apparatus 4 is continuously performed, but the waste liquid treatment can be efficiently performed by diluting the dialysis waste liquid with the RO water used for the purge.

  (10) A series of dialysis and washing processes is completed as described above. After completion of dialysis, it is preferable to prepare for the next dialysis with the RO water filled in the flow path. When the process is resumed, it can be operated by advancing the process from (1).

  The water washing in each of the above processes is, for example, a pre-dialysis 15-minute pre-dialysis → liquid replacement 20-minute → dialysis → post-dialysis post-wash 15 minutes → wash 15 minutes → water wash 15 minutes after washing →. Can be mentioned.

  Further, as an efficient and effective usage method, there is a method of applying an overnight sealing step to the apparatus using a peracetic acid-based treatment agent described later. Specifically, pre-dialysis 15 minutes pre-dialysis → 20 minutes of liquid replacement → dialysis → post-dialysis post-wash 15 minutes → washing (sterilization) 15 minutes → enclosing overnight → pre-dialysis pre-wash 15 minutes → liquid replacement A treatment process such as 20 minutes → dialysis →. The peracetic acid treatment agent used for cleaning (sterilization) exhibits sufficient sterilization and cleaning functions when enclosed overnight, and decomposes and detoxifies during that time, greatly increasing the load on the waste liquid treatment device 4 Can be reduced.

  Next, in the above <dialysis process> and <washing process>, the decomposition treatment of organic matter / biological system in the waste liquid treatment apparatus 4 will be described.

  (A) The dialysis waste liquid and the washing waste liquid discharged from the dialyzer 3 are transported to the collection tank 7 through the transport pipe and temporarily stored. At this time, it is also possible to dilute the waste liquid by supplying clean water such as RO drainage to the recovery tank 7 according to the amount of waste liquid treated or as required. Further, as described below, when a peracetic acid-based treatment agent is used for washing the dialysis machine, it quickly changes to a harmless substance by mixing with the dialysis waste liquid present in the recovery tank 7 or the subsequent flow path, Sum processing is not required.

  (A) The waste liquid stored in the collection tank 7 is sequentially transferred to the reaction tank 10 by the pressure pump 8 and the cleaning process is started. At this time, the reaction in the reaction tank 10 is promoted by introducing ozone water or vapor phase ozone from the middle between the pressure feed pump 8 and the reaction tank 10. The ozone water is prepared by introducing tap water A or RO wastewater into the ozone generator 9. Here, since RO drainage is always provided for the production of RO water necessary for dialysis, it is necessary to produce ozone water from RO drainage, which is the water system of one dialysis facility centering on dialysis equipment and waste liquid treatment equipment. It is suitable as a system. As for the introduction of ozone, it is possible to expedite the dissolution of ozone into the waste liquid by introducing either or both ozone water and vapor phase ozone in stages. Specifically, ozone water is injected from the front stage of the pressure pump 8 and further, gas phase ozone produced by introducing the atmosphere into an ozone generator (not shown) is introduced between the pressure pump 8 and the reaction tank 10. By introducing, it is possible to promote the diffusion / dissolution of ozone by the stirring action inside the reaction tank 10 by the bubbles.

(C) In the reaction tank 10, the waste liquid reacts with ozone. Specifically, the organic and biological substances contained in the waste liquid are decomposed by ozone and converted into water, carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ), low hydrocarbons, low hydrocarbon hydroxides, etc., so that the BOD and COD of the solution At the same time the level of bacteria in the effluent is reduced. Further, in order to eliminate bacteria, it is effective to irradiate ultraviolet rays by providing an ultraviolet ray source (not shown) provided in the upper part of the reaction tank 10.

  (D) The waste liquid treated inside the reaction tank 10 (including gas when gas phase ozone is used) is introduced into the deaeration tank 11 and separated into gas and liquid.

  (E) The separated gas component is exhausted after being processed by the cleaning processing means 12 including a heat exchanger, a mist separator, an ozone killer, and the like. Again, it is preferable to provide an ultraviolet ray source (not shown) in the gas phase part of the deaeration tank 11. Since the ozone in the exhaust gas can be decomposed and reduced, the burden of the exhaust processing in the cleaning processing means 12 can be greatly reduced.

  (F) The liquid component separated in (d) above is supplied to the drainage tank 13, stored for a predetermined time during which dissolved ozone is decomposed, and then drained. At this time, the waste water can be returned to the recovery tank 7 as clean water and recycled.

  (G) Dialysis waste liquid and washing waste liquid supplied to the apparatus are discharged as treated waste water and clean gas through the above process.

  In this apparatus, the dialysis waste liquid staying in the recovery tank 7 is used in a comparatively large amount and processed simultaneously with the washing waste liquid, so that the washing waste liquid is substantially diluted with the dialysis waste liquid and the water washing purge waste liquid. Will be processed. Therefore, the load in the decomposition treatment of the organic matter / biological system and the neutralization treatment of the acid or alkali with respect to the washing waste liquid becomes very small. In particular, when a peracetic acid-based cleaning agent is used, it is quickly changed into a harmless substance due to the presence of the dialysis waste liquid, so that a further effect of the simultaneous treatment can be obtained.

  In this way, each treatment process of dialysis waste liquid and washing waste liquid is regarded as one step of the aqueous system of the dialysis facility, and by performing both treatments as quickly as possible, artificial dialysis for a long time is possible, and Efficient operation of the water system of the dialysis facility has become possible by reducing the number of chemicals or treatment means necessary for both treatments as much as possible.

  Here, when processing the waste liquid in the present apparatus, it is preferable to control the processing process of the waste liquid processing apparatus 4 based on the operation information of the dialysis apparatus 3. In this way, as described above, dialysis, washing, and waste liquid treatment can be efficiently performed by a series of operations, and the dialyzer 3 and the waste liquid treatment apparatus 4 can be connected to operate as one system. it can.

  Specifically, the wastewater treatment device 4 not only controls the supply of RO drainage or the operation of the ozone generator 9 corresponding to the main treatments such as dialysis, water purge and washing in the dialyzer 3, but also in the dialyzer 3. Based on information on the type of dialysis or the amount of treatment, (1) the ozone water or a combination of ozone water and gas phase ozone is selected. For example, the operation of the solenoid valve of each introduction path is controlled according to the increase in the processing amount, and (2) the injection amount of ozone water or vapor phase ozone is increased according to the increase in the processing amount. For example, controlling the operation of the throttle valve or pressure regulator of each introduction path, etc. (3) When there are a lot of organic substances, for example, the RO drainage is injected into the recovery tank 7 for dilution, ultraviolet irradiation, etc. And so on, additional processing of waste liquid processing can be determined. In other words, by controlling the treatment process of the waste liquid treatment device 4 based on the operation information of the dialysis machine 3, the waste liquid treatment apparatus 4 prepares and operates the additional treatment in advance, thereby allowing the waste liquid including the washing waste liquid treatment. Processing time can be greatly reduced.

  That is, shortening the waste liquid treatment time can substantially increase the dialysis operation time, and can efficiently use the water system of the dialysis facility in a medical institution.

  Further, the neutralizing agent and the like can be unnecessary or reduced by processing such as appropriate dilution of the waste liquid, and the load on the entire system can be greatly reduced by preventing unnecessary use of the RO water.

In this apparatus, it is preferable that the pipe cleaning is performed with a peracetic acid processing agent. The peracetic acid-based treating agent mentioned here is peracetic acid (CH ₃ COOOH) having a strong bactericidal property, acetic acid (CH ₃ COOH) having a high ability to remove calcium carbonate, hydrogen peroxide having a strong bactericidal property and a cleaning ability ( It is a biodegradable disinfectant / cleaning agent comprising a combination of H ₂ O ₂ ) and water (H ₂ O).

  By using a peracetic acid-based treatment agent such as hydrogen peroxide or a peracetic acid-containing cleaning agent as a cleaning agent, acetic acid cleaning necessary for cleaning calcium carbonate in the piping system becomes unnecessary. The pH of the washing waste liquid can also be suppressed within the drainage standard by mixing with the dialysis waste liquid in the waste liquid treatment apparatus. That is, as described above, the dialysis waste liquid itself has a relatively large amount and has an alkaline pH of about 7.3, so that the washing waste liquid can be easily neutralized.

  Further, the hydrogen peroxide contained in this cleaning agent can be used for processing for reducing BOD in the waste liquid processing apparatus. As a result, there is no concern about corrosion of concrete due to drainage. In particular, the cleaning agent itself is, for example, a solution having a pH of 2 to 4 (pH 3 to 5 when diluted 100 times). However, the cleaning agent is biodegradable and is converted into a harmless substance. This is useful for solving the problems of the present invention in that the pH can be kept within the standard.

In the present apparatus, as found by the present inventor, the reaction of each of the following formulas is promoted and quickly rendered harmless under the mixing conditions with the dialysis waste liquid (permeate), thereby quickly detoxifying the water system of the dialysis facility. The operating rate can be greatly increased. In other words, when using a peracetic acid-based treatment agent, the inventor speculates that the reaction proceeds at an accelerated rate in the presence of, for example, sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO ₃ ) contained in the dialysis waste liquid, for the decomposition reaction of the washing waste liquid. ing. Specifically, in detoxification by dilution, neutralization and detoxification can be achieved about 60 times more efficiently at a dilution ratio than mixing with an aqueous solution not containing NaHCO ₃ .

Formula 1: Reaction in which peracetic acid constituting a peracetic acid-based treatment agent is decomposed into acetic acid and oxygen
CH ₃ COOOH → CH ₃ COOH + 1 / 2O ₂
Formula 2: Reaction in which hydrogen peroxide that constitutes a peracetic acid-based treatment agent decomposes into water and oxygen
H ₂ O ₂ → H ₂ O + 1 / 2O ₂
Formula 3: Reaction in which acetic acid constituting a peracetic acid-based treatment agent is decomposed into carbon dioxide (CO ₂ ) and water
CH ₃ COOH + 2O ₂ → 2CO ₂ + 2H ₂ O
The present invention is an application of such characteristics, by performing piping cleaning of a hemodialysis apparatus using a peracetic acid-based treatment agent, and processing the cleaning waste liquid by mixing with the dialysis waste liquid in the waste liquid processing apparatus. Thus, it is possible to configure an excellent aqueous system of a dialysis facility that does not require ancillary equipment such as a neutralization treatment means while performing an appropriate cleaning function, and can perform a unified treatment of waste liquid.

  Furthermore, since the biological components in the washing waste liquid are the same components as the dialysis waste liquid, the dialysis waste liquid treatment function, which is the original function of the waste liquid treatment apparatus, works effectively even during the treatment of the washing waste liquid. Become. Therefore, the waste liquid treatment device maintains the waste liquid treatment function without changing the special conditions such as stopping ozone injection or injecting another reagent, and can handle both dialysis waste liquid and washing waste liquid simultaneously and quickly. Can proceed to. In other words, as an aqueous system of the dialysis facility, it is possible to continuously switch from the dialysis waste liquid treatment to the washing waste liquid treatment, and the aqueous system of the dialysis facility having a high treatment capacity can be realized.

  Therefore, it is a compact facility that can be installed in a medical facility machine room, etc., complying with water quality management standards such as BOD values, and can complete dialysis quickly in a short time after washing. A water system of a dialysis facility can be provided.

  In addition, the present apparatus is characterized in that the RO drainage supplied from the RO water supply means is used as treatment water for the waste liquid treatment apparatus.

  In preparation of the dialysate, it is necessary to generate RO water and supply it to the RO water supply means. However, the RO wastewater taken out from the reverse osmosis membrane has been discarded as it is or as part of the dialysate waste liquid. In the present invention, by effectively utilizing such RO drainage, the water system of the dialysis facility in a broad concept is appropriately made efficient and resource-saving, and the entire system can be made compact. Therefore, it is smaller and more compact compared to currently used external or buried type septic tanks, and it can be installed indoors, which was impossible until now, and there is no need for neutralizing agents and deodorizing goods. Management becomes easy.

  That is, the RO drainage is used as raw water of ozone water at the time of waste liquid treatment or as dilution water for the recovery tank 7 and drainage tank 13 and further as a refrigerant for the ozone generator, thereby effectively using the RO drainage. At the same time, the load on the RO water purification means can be reduced.

  In FIG. 1, the ozone generator 9 may be a silent discharge type or an ultraviolet irradiation type. The former is frequently used because the generated ozone concentration is high. In this device, ozone water of about several hundred ppm level or ozone gas of several percent level is used by a silent discharge type, and it is possible to secure ozone necessary for decomposing organic matter in waste liquid and eliminating bacteria in waste liquid. .

  As the ultraviolet ray source provided in the reaction vessel 10, an ultraviolet ray source having a wide emission wavelength characteristic of 150 to 300 nm is preferable, and an ultraviolet lamp such as a low pressure mercury lamp, a xenon lamp, or a deuterium lamp can be mentioned. Further, a plurality of reactors can be used depending on the size or processing capacity of the reaction vessel 10. Organic substances and the like are rapidly decomposed by the action of ozone and ultraviolet rays, and COD and BOD can be reduced and sterilized. Further, bubbles can be reduced, and generation of foreign matters in the subsequent flow path can be suppressed.

  Further, as the ultraviolet ray source provided in the deaeration tank 11, an ultraviolet ray source having a light emission wavelength characteristic in a narrow band of 250 to 300 nm is suitable, and examples thereof include an ultraviolet lamp such as a low-pressure mercury lamp and a xenon lamp. It is possible to increase the wavelength selectivity by covering a filter or a glass body having the same performance. Thus, by irradiating the exhaust gas with ultraviolet rays in a specific wavelength region, ozone can be decomposed and the load on the cleaning means 12 can be greatly reduced.

Although FIG. 1 shows a configuration example of a basic processing means, most of the liquid component is stored for a predetermined time during which dissolved ozone is decomposed and then drained. At this time, it is possible to drain the wastewater in a short time by supplying clean water such as RO drainage to the drainage tank 13 and diluting the drainage as required according to the ozone concentration and supply amount of the waste liquid treatment amount or the cleaning liquid B and other needs. It becomes. Moreover, it is also preferable to inject the tap water A or the RO drainage after being used for cooling the ozone generator and the exhaust into the drainage tank 13.

  In addition, in FIG. 1, an example of a combined configuration of one dialysis apparatus and one waste liquid treatment apparatus has been described, but it is possible to combine a plurality of dialysis apparatuses and one waste liquid treatment apparatus. FIG. 3 illustrates the configuration.

  FIG. 3 (A) exemplifies a configuration in which dialysate is prepared in each of the dialysis apparatuses 3a, 3b,... Using RO water from the RO water supply means 1, and waste liquid after dialysis is collectively processed. Yes. Needless to say, not only the dialysis is performed at the same time but also the dialysis apparatuses 3a, 3b,.

  FIG. 3 (B) uses the RO water from the RO water supply means 1 to supply the dialysate prepared by one dialysate preparation means 5 to each of the dialyzers 3′a, 3′b,. The structure which processes the waste liquid after dialysis collectively is illustrated. It is not necessary to supply the washing liquid to each dialysis apparatus 3 ′ a, 3 ′ b...

  Although the above has mainly described washing of a dialysis machine, it goes without saying that the same technique is not limited to the above. For example, the present invention can be applied to various medical devices such as an endoscope.

Explanatory drawing which illustrates one embodiment of the water system of a dialysis facility according to the present invention Explanatory drawing which illustrates the process of the dialysis apparatus and waste liquid processing apparatus which concern on this invention Explanatory drawing illustrating another embodiment of the water system of the dialysis facility according to the present invention Explanatory drawing illustrating a conventional configuration of a combination of a hemodialysis apparatus and a wastewater treatment unit

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 RO water supply means 2 Washing liquid supply means 3 Dialysis apparatus 4 Waste liquid processing apparatus 5 Dialysate preparation means 6 Dialyzer 7 Recovery tank 8 Pumping pump 9 Ozone generator 10 Reaction tank 11 Deaeration tank 12 Clean processing means 13 Drainage tank

Claims (4)

A waste liquid treatment method for an aqueous system of a dialysis facility comprising RO water supply means, sterilization / washing liquid supply means, dialysis device, and dialysis waste liquid treatment device,
During the operation of the washing process comprising pre-dialysis in the dialyzer, liquid replacement by introduction of dialysate , post- dialysis post-wash, post- dialysis wash, post-wash water wash,
Same processing as step dialysis waste liquid and the washing waste liquid Ru is introduced from the dialyzer to the dialysate waste liquid treatment apparatus, and a processing piping system decontamination washing waste liquid treatment and the dialyzer the dialysis liquid waste of the dialyzer a row cormorant step by the apparatus, as waste treatment, by having a step of performing decomposition treatment and irradiation treatment UV with ozone, to duplicate processes of disinfection and cleaning waste liquid piping system and processes of the dialysis waste liquid A waste liquid treatment method for an aqueous system of a dialysis facility. The sterilization / washing of the piping system is carried out with peracetic acid having a strong bactericidal property and a biodegradable peracetic acid-based treatment agent containing hydrogen peroxide having a strong bactericidal property and a cleaning ability. Wastewater treatment method for water system of dialysis facility in Japan. 3. An aqueous system for a dialysis facility according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the RO water supplied from the RO water supply means is introduced into an ozone generator to produce ozone water and used as treatment water for a waste liquid treatment apparatus. Waste liquid treatment method . In the treatment of the waste liquid, the treatment process of the waste liquid treatment apparatus is controlled based on the operation information of the dialysis machine, the supply of RO wastewater or ozone supply corresponding to each process of dialysis, water washing purge, and washing, the type of dialysis, or Control the amount of ozone injected based on the information on the amount of treatment, control the dilution with the RO drainage and the ultraviolet irradiation treatment based on the information on the amount of organic matter, and operate the dialyzer and the waste liquid treatment device as one system. The waste liquid treatment method for an aqueous system of a dialysis facility according to any one of claims 1 to 3.

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