JP4246951B2 - Cooling system - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cooling device, and more particularly to a technique for cooling a reactant in a reaction device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When a chemical reaction is performed in the reaction apparatus, the reaction rate and yield vary depending on the temperature, pressure, concentration, and other external conditions, so a mechanism for controlling these external conditions is required. In general, the higher the temperature, the higher the reaction rate. From the viewpoint of increasing the reaction rate, it can be said that it is advantageous to heat the inside of the reaction apparatus, but in order to control to an appropriate reaction rate, or In consideration of the yield, it may be necessary to cool the inside of the reactor and keep it at a low temperature.
[0003]
FIG. 1 shows an example of a conventional cooling device. The cooling device 20 includes a jacket-type heat exchange unit 22 provided on the outer surface of the reaction device 10, introduces a circulating refrigerant therein, and cools the reaction device 10 from the outer surface. The circulating refrigerant whose temperature has been increased by exchanging heat with the reactor 10 is cooled again by the cooler 24 using a compressor or the like, and sent to the heat exchanging unit 22 by the pump 26.
[0004]
FIG. 2 shows another example of a conventional cooling device. As with the cooling device 20 shown in FIG. 1, the cooling device 30 introduces a circulating refrigerant into the jacket-type heat exchange unit 32 provided on the outer surface of the reaction device 10 to cool the reaction device 10 from the outer surface. The circulating refrigerant whose temperature has been increased by exchanging heat with the reactor 10 is cooled again by a cold heat source 34 using an ultra-low temperature fluid such as liquid nitrogen, liquid oxygen, liquefied air, liquefied natural gas, etc. 32.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above example, since the circulating refrigerant is once cooled and the reaction apparatus is cooled by the circulating refrigerant, heat loss is large and not efficient. In addition, a flammable substance is often used as a circulating refrigerant, and it is extremely dangerous when the refrigerant leaks from a joint portion of a pipe and vaporizes. Furthermore, in the example of FIG. 1, it is necessary to install and operate the cooler 24, which is not efficient from the viewpoint of installation location and power consumption.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of these problems, and an object thereof is to provide a technique for efficiently cooling a reaction apparatus. This object is achieved by a combination of features described in the independent claims. The dependent claims define further advantageous specific examples of the present invention.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
One embodiment of the present invention relates to a cooling device. This cooling device is a cooling device that cools a reactant in the reaction device, and includes a main body having a cavity inside, an attachment portion for detachably attaching the main body to the reaction device, and for cooling the reaction product. A refrigerant pipe that introduces the refrigerant into the reaction apparatus; and a heat exchange section that circulates the refrigerant introduced from the pipe section and exchanges heat with the reactant, and the main body passes through the heat exchange section. The pipe portion is provided so as not to contact the attachment portion.
[0008]
By providing the pipe for introducing the refrigerant so as not to contact the mounting part, local thermal stress caused by the temperature difference between the pipe part that becomes low temperature due to the passage of the refrigerant and the mounting part near normal temperature Can be reduced. Thereby, since an ultra-low-temperature fluid such as liquid nitrogen can be used as it is as a refrigerant, an efficient cooling technique with little heat loss can be realized.
[0009]
The piping part may be provided so as to be inserted into the inside of the main body above the attachment part of the main body. The piping part may penetrate the outside of the main body below the attachment part of the main body, and the heat exchanging part may be provided outside the main body. The heat exchange part may be provided so as to be in direct contact with the reactant. The heat exchange unit may be configured by a spiral pipe. Thereby, the contact area with the reactant is increased, and the reactant can be cooled more efficiently.
[0010]
A heat exchange part may be provided in the side surface inside a main body. You may further provide the sensor for acquiring the reaction condition of a reactant. As the sensor, for example, a thermometer, a pH meter, a concentration meter, a pressure gauge, and the like may be provided. Thereby, reaction conditions can be monitored and appropriately controlled. The heat exchange part may have a protrusion on the outer surface in order to increase the surface area of the outer surface. Thereby, heat exchange can be performed more efficiently.
[0011]
The above summary of the invention does not enumerate all the necessary features of the present invention, and a combination of these features can also be an invention. Moreover, what converted the expression of this invention between the apparatuses, methods, and systems is also effective as an aspect of this invention.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described through embodiments of the invention. However, the following embodiments do not limit the invention according to the scope of claims, and are combinations of features described in the embodiments. Not all are essential to the solution of the invention.
[0013]
In the cooling device of the present embodiment, by introducing a cryogenic fluid such as liquid nitrogen into the reactor and cooling the reactant, the sensible heat of the cryogenic fluid and the latent heat of vaporization when it evaporates are used. Realizes efficient cooling with little heat loss. First, referring to FIG. 3, an example of a cooling device of a type in which a cryogenic fluid is introduced into a reaction apparatus will be described. After pointing out the problem, referring to FIG. 4, to solve the problem The cooling device according to the present embodiment capable of performing the above will be described.
[0014]
FIG. 3 shows an example of a cooling device of the type that introduces a cryogenic fluid into the reactor. In the cooling device 40, a pipe 42 for introducing liquid nitrogen as an example of a cryogenic fluid is inserted from the flange portion 12 of the reaction device 10 into the reaction device. When liquid nitrogen flows through the pipe 42, the inside of the pipe 42 is about -196 ° C, but the flange portion 12 is at room temperature, and the temperature difference therebetween exceeds 200 ° C. At this time, a large local thermal stress is generated in the flange portion 12, which may cause deterioration damage. In order to reduce deterioration damage, when the diameter of the pipe 42 is increased to improve the strength, the amount of stagnation of liquid nitrogen increases, which causes a problem that internal temperature control becomes difficult.
[0015]
FIG. 4 schematically shows the overall configuration of the cooling device 100 according to the embodiment. The cooling device 100 cools a cylindrical main body 102 having a hollow inside, an attachment portion 104 for detachably attaching the main body 102 to the flange portion 12 of the reaction device 10, and a reactant 14 in the reaction device 10. A pipe 106 for introducing liquid nitrogen as an example of a refrigerant for the reaction into the reaction apparatus 10, and a heat exchange unit 108 for circulating the liquid nitrogen introduced from the pipe 106 and exchanging heat with the reactant 14. . The pipe 106 is provided so as to be inserted into the inside of the main body 102 above the attachment section 104 of the main body 102, and the liquid nitrogen is transferred to the heat exchange section 108 by the pipe 106 passing through the inside of the cylindrical main body 102. be introduced. With this configuration, the liquid nitrogen introduction path does not directly contact the reaction apparatus 10, so that local thermal stress can be prevented from occurring. In addition, by adopting such a configuration, an ultra-low temperature fluid can be used as the refrigerant, so that a cooling device with little heat loss can be provided. Since a non-flammable refrigerant such as liquid nitrogen or liquefied air can be used as the refrigerant, a safe cooling device can be provided. When a flammable substance such as liquefied natural gas is used as the refrigerant, it may be recovered after being used as a refrigerant and reused as fuel.
[0016]
The pipe 106 penetrates to the outside of the main body 102 at the lower part of the mounting portion 104 of the main body 102, and extends from the pipe 106, and a heat exchanging section 108 is provided on the outer side of the main body 102. The heat exchange unit 108 directly contacts the reactant 14 and performs heat exchange. In order to increase the contact area with the reactant 14, the heat exchange unit 108 may be a spiral pipe, or fins or protrusions may be formed on the outer surface of the heat exchange unit 108. Thereby, heat exchange with the reactant 14 can be performed efficiently.
[0017]
The liquid nitrogen that has passed through the heat exchanging unit 108 is introduced into a cavity inside the main body 102 from the receiving port 110. Most of the liquid nitrogen is vaporized by heat exchange in the heat exchanging section 108, but in order to prevent the liquid remaining without being vaporized and the entrained droplets from being discharged to the outside, To trap. That is, liquid nitrogen is separated from gaseous nitrogen in the main body 102 and evaporated due to a temperature difference from the surroundings, and only gaseous nitrogen is discharged to the outside from the discharge port 112 on the upper portion of the main body 102. Thus, by separating the gas and liquid using the cavity inside the main body 102, liquid is prevented from being entrained from the drain port 112 at the top of the main body 102, and liquid nitrogen is scattered around the reaction apparatus 10. Can be prevented.
[0018]
The cooling device 100 may include a sensor (not shown) for acquiring a reaction state of a reactant such as a thermometer, a pH meter, a concentration meter, and a pressure gauge. The temperature of the reactant 14 acquired by the thermometer is sent to the flow rate control unit 118. The flow rate control unit 118 controls the opening and closing of the valve 116 to control the flow rate of liquid nitrogen in order to keep the temperature of the reactant 14 at a predetermined temperature. Thereby, reaction temperature can be controlled appropriately. For other reaction conditions such as pressure and pH, the situation can be obtained by a sensor in the same manner and appropriately controlled by a control mechanism (not shown).
[0019]
The main body 102 and the heat exchange unit 108 of the cooling device 100 can be detached from the reaction device 10. Thereby, the cooling device 100 can be cleaned appropriately. When the reaction apparatus 10 used for a certain chemical reaction is used for another chemical reaction, it is necessary to clean the reaction product so that no reactant remains in the interior. The restrictions are strict. Since the cooling device 100 of the present embodiment can be removed from the reaction device 10 and cleaned, the amount of other substances mixed can be minimized.
[0020]
When a chemical reaction is performed, the reactant is stirred by the stirring rod 114 to promote the progress of the reaction. At this time, the cooling device 100 functions as a baffle, and there is an advantage that the efficiency of stirring can be improved. . A scale or a sensor for acquiring the liquid level may be attached to the cooling device 100 to manage the liquid level of the reactant 14.
[0021]
Each component of the cooling device 100 is preferably formed of a material such as stainless steel having high thermal conductivity and heat resistance. The material of each constituent member may be determined according to the characteristics of each member. For example, the heat exchanging unit 108 is preferably formed of a material having high thermal conductivity in order to improve the efficiency of heat exchange. The pipe 106 is preferably formed of a material having high heat resistance so that it can withstand rapid temperature changes. Moreover, it is preferable that the junction part of the piping 106 and the main body 102 is formed with the material and joining method which can endure local thermal stress.
[0022]
As mentioned above, although this invention was demonstrated based on embodiment, the technical scope of this invention is not limited to the range as described in the said embodiment. The above embodiment is an exemplification, and it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications can be made to the combination of each component and each processing process, and such modifications are within the scope of the present invention. is there.
[0023]
As an example of such a modification, in the embodiment, the example in which the heat exchanging unit 108 is provided outside the main body 102 has been described. However, in another embodiment, the heat exchanging unit 108 is provided on the inner side surface of the main body 102. It may be provided. At this time, the ultra-low temperature fluid introduced by the pipe 106 rises from the bottom of the main body 102 to the inside of the heat exchange unit 108 provided on the side surface, and flows from the upper end of the heat exchange unit 108 to the cavity inside the main body 102. This cooling device can also efficiently cool the reaction product.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, an efficient cooling technique can be provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a conventional cooling device.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing another example of a conventional cooling device.
FIG. 3 shows an example of a cooling device of a type in which a cryogenic fluid is introduced into a reactor.
FIG. 4 is a diagram schematically showing an overall configuration of a cooling device according to an embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Reaction apparatus, 12 ... Flange part, 14 ... Reactant, 100 ... Cooling device, 102 ... Main body, 104 ... Mounting part, 106 ... Pipe, 108 ... -Heat exchange part, 110 ... receiving port, 112 ... discharge port, 114 ... stirring rod, 116 ... valve, 118 ... flow control unit.

Claims (4)

A cooling device for cooling the reactants in the reactor,
A body having a cavity inside;
An attachment portion for detachably attaching the main body to the reaction apparatus;
A piping section for introducing a refrigerant for cooling the reactant into the reactor;
A heat exchanging part that circulates the refrigerant introduced from the pipe part and exchanges heat with the reactant,
The main body has a receiving port for receiving the refrigerant that has passed through the heat exchange part into the cavity, and a discharge port for discharging the vaporized refrigerant to the outside.
The pipe section, Rutotomoni provided so as not to contact to the mounting portion, in the upper than the mounting portion of the main body, inserted into the inside of the body, in the lower than the mounting portion of the main body, said main body Is provided so as to penetrate to the outside of the
The cooling device according to claim 1 , wherein the heat exchange unit is provided outside the main body . The cooling device according to claim 1 , wherein the heat exchange unit is configured by a spiral pipe. The cooling device according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a sensor for acquiring the reaction conditions of the reaction. The cooling device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the heat exchange part has a protrusion on an outer surface so as to increase a surface area of the outer surface.

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