JP4239383B2 - Toroidal continuously variable transmission - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a toroidal continuously variable transmission used as a transmission for automobiles or as a transmission for various industrial machines.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the toroidal-type continuously variable transmission, the configuration of a trunnion incorporating a power roller is known, for example, in JP-A-8-240251, and is configured as shown in FIGS.
[0003]
That is, an input disk 2 and an output disk 3 are rotatably supported around the rotary shaft 1 with their inner peripheral surfaces facing each other. Between the input disk 2 and the output disk 3, there is provided a trunnion 4 that swings about a pivot 4a that is twisted with respect to the central axis of both disks 2 and 3.
[0004]
The trunnion 4 is provided with a displacement shaft 5 having a support shaft 5a. The support shaft 5a and the displacement shaft 5 are parallel to each other and eccentric, and the support shaft 5a is rotatable with respect to the trunnion 4 to a radial needle bearing 4b. It is supported. Around the displacement shaft 5 is provided a power roller 6 rotatably supported while being sandwiched between the input disk 2 and the output disk 3. Further, a thrust rolling bearing 7 is provided between the power roller 6 and the trunnion 4 to support a load in the thrust direction applied to the power roller 6.
[0005]
The inner peripheral surfaces 2a and 3a of the input disk 2 and the output disk 3 are concave surfaces each having an arc shape in cross section, and the peripheral surface 6a of the power roller 6 is a spherical convex surface. The peripheral surfaces 2a and 3a are in contact with each other.
[0006]
The thrust rolling bearing 7 includes a power roller outer ring 8, a power roller inner ring 9, a plurality of rolling elements 10 provided between the power roller outer ring 8 and the power roller inner ring 9, and the plurality of rolling elements 10. It is comprised from the holder | retainer 11 hold | maintained so that rolling is possible. The power roller inner ring 9 is held by a washer 14 that engages the tip of the displacement shaft 5.
[0007]
The cage 11 includes a ring-shaped main body 12 and a plurality of pockets 13 that are respectively provided in the main body 12 and a diametrical intermediate portion and hold the rolling element 10 in a freely rollable manner.
[0008]
In order to increase the durability of the cage 11, the pocket 13 is known as an elongated hole as shown in Japanese Patent Application No. 11-175392. That is, the pocket 13 is formed so that the circumferential length is longer than the radial length of the cage 11. By making the pocket 13 a long hole in the circumferential direction, the force with which the rolling element 10 pushes the end face of the pocket 13 is reduced, and the force applied to the cage 11 is also reduced, thereby preventing the cage 11 from being damaged. The rolling element 10 not only revolves faster with respect to the cage 11, but also has a part where the revolution speed is slower than the cage 11 at a position opposite to 180 degrees, and the rolling element 10 moves back and forth in the longitudinal direction of the pocket 13 made of a long hole. Rotate while. Accordingly, the cage 11 has the necessary strength, can optimally guide the rolling element 10, and has the effect of improving durability.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the state of the power roller assembly assembled with the power roller 6 on the trunnion 4 in FIG. 6, no preload is applied to the power roller 6. Therefore, the holder 11 having the slot 13 with the long hole has a problem that it is difficult to keep the plurality of rolling elements 10 in an even distribution after the power roller 6 is assembled to the trunnion 4.
[0010]
That is, the contact angle of each rolling element 10 varies depending on the displacement between the power roller outer ring 8 and the power roller inner ring 9 of the power roller 6, and the revolution speed of the rolling element 10 changes depending on the position. Hit or leave the vessel 11.
[0011]
When such a force is repeatedly applied to the cage 11, damage is caused. However, by making the pocket 13 a long hole in the circumferential direction, the phase difference of the movement of the rolling element 10 can be absorbed, and the force applied to the cage 11. The durability is increased by reducing
[0012]
However, in order to fully exhibit the effect of the cage 11, it is necessary to arrange the rolling elements 10 equally. This is because if the rolling element 10 is arranged at the center of the pocket 13 made of a long hole, the rolling element 10 can be moved to either the left or right as shown by arrows a and b when the power roller 6 is used as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 9, as shown in FIG. 9, if it is arranged in the state of being biased to the left or right instead of the center of the pocket 13 from the beginning, for example, if it is biased to the right side, there is no more on the biased side c. The rolling element 10 cannot move, and a force is applied to the cage 11.
[0013]
Therefore, in the cage 11 having the pockets 13 made of long holes, the effect cannot be obtained unless the rolling elements 10 are held equally. However, in the power roller assembly to which no preload is applied, the rolling element 10 is affected by gravity only by standing in the vertical direction as shown in FIG. 6, and the rolling element 10 is placed in the pocket 13 as shown in FIG. It is difficult to move freely, place it evenly and hold it.
[0014]
The present invention has been made paying attention to the above circumstances, and the object of the present invention is to arrange the rolling elements equally in the pockets of the cage and to retain them, thereby improving the durability. It is to provide a toroidal type continuously variable transmission.
[0015]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a first shaft and a second shaft which are rotatably supported around a rotating shaft and around the rotating shaft, and whose inner peripheral surfaces are opposed to each other. Disc, a trunnion that swings about a pivot that is twisted with respect to the central axis of the first and second discs, a displacement shaft that is provided on the trunnion, and a rotatable shaft around the displacement shaft And a power roller sandwiched between the first and second discs, and a power roller provided between the power roller and the trunnion to support a thrust load applied to the power roller. A thrust rolling bearing, and the inner peripheral surfaces of the first and second discs are concave surfaces each having an arc shape in cross section, and the peripheral surface of the power roller is a spherical convex surface, The inner surface is The thrust rolling bearing includes a power roller outer ring, a power roller inner ring, a plurality of rolling elements provided between the power roller outer ring and the power roller inner ring, and the plurality of rolling elements. It has a cage that holds it so that it can roll freely .
In the toroidal-type continuously variable transmission in which the pocket of the cage of the thrust rolling bearing is formed longer in the circumferential direction than in the radial direction , preload is applied to the power roller in the thrust rolling bearing. A preload applying mechanism for applying is provided , and when the preload is applied to the power roller by the preload applying mechanism, the rolling elements in the pocket are arranged at equal intervals by a jig .
[0016]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, a preload applying mechanism for applying a preload to the power roller is provided at a step portion provided on an outer ring of the power roller of the thrust rolling bearing according to the first aspect.
[0017]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, the preload applying mechanism according to the first or second aspect is an elastic member that applies a preload from the outer side of the power roller toward the inner ring of the power roller .
[0018]
According to the said structure, the rigid body of a power roller outer ring | wheel, a power roller inner ring | wheel, a holder | retainer, and a rolling element increases by preload, rattling reduces, and the responsiveness of the power roller with respect to the movement of a trunnion improves. Further, since the elastic member is compressed when a load is applied to the power roller, the power roller does not hinder the rotation due to the preload.
[0019]
In addition, by setting the jig between the outer ring of the power roller and the cage or between the inner ring of the power roller and the cage, the rolling element is pressed by the jig even if the position of the rolling element is biased in the pocket. Thus, the rolling elements can be evenly arranged in the pockets.
[0020]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0021]
1 (a) and 1 (b) show a first embodiment of a power roller assembly of a toroidal-type continuously variable transmission. The same components as those in the prior art are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.
[0022]
In FIG. 1A, an elastic member, specifically a disc spring 21, is provided between the trunnion 4 and the power roller outer ring 8 as a preload application mechanism. The power roller outer ring 8 is pressed in the direction of the power roller inner ring 9 by the elastic force of the disc spring 21 to apply a preload to the power roller 6.
[0023]
If comprised in this way, the rigid body property of the power roller outer ring | wheel 8, the power roller inner ring | wheel 9, the holder | retainer 11, and the rolling element 10 will increase, shakiness will reduce, and the responsiveness of the power roller 6 with respect to the movement of the trunnion 4 will improve. There is an effect. Further, when a load is applied to the power roller 6, the disc spring 21 is crushed against the elastic force, so that friction between the power roller inner ring 9 and the washer 14 is eliminated, and rotation is not hindered by preload.
[0024]
In FIG. 1B, an elastic member as a preload applying mechanism, specifically, a coil spring 22 is provided between the trunnion 4 and the power roller outer ring 8. A plurality of the coil springs 22 are equally arranged on the circumference of the power roller outer ring 8, and the ends of the coil springs 22 are housed in counterbores 23 and 24 of the trunnion 4 and the power roller outer ring 8. ing. And even if a load is applied and the trunnion 4 is deformed, the coil spring 22 does not come off.
[0025]
In this way, the power roller outer ring 8 is pressed in the direction of the power roller inner ring 9 by the elastic force of the plurality of coil springs 22 to apply preload to the power roller 6. Therefore, there is an effect similar to that of FIG. Further, since the space for inserting the coil spring 22 is increased by providing the counterbore holes 23 and 24, the height of the coil spring 22 is increased, and a coil spring having a large pressing force can be used. There is an effect that the responsiveness of the roller 6 is further improved.
[0026]
Further, providing the counterbore 24 has an effect of reducing the weight of the power roller outer ring 8. Furthermore, since the flat portion of the power roller outer ring 8 is seated, the area of the surface grinding portion is reduced, the surface grinding time can be shortened, and the cost can be reduced.
[0027]
2A and 2B show a second embodiment of the power roller assembly of the toroidal-type continuously variable transmission. FIG. 2A shows the gap between the shoulder 5b of the displacement shaft 5 and the power roller outer ring 8. FIG. Further, an elastic member as a preload applying mechanism, specifically, a disc spring 25 is provided. The disc spring 25 is housed in a counterbore 30 provided on the back surface of the power roller outer ring 8. The power roller outer ring 8 is pressed in the direction of the power roller inner ring 9 by the elastic force of the disc spring 25 to apply a preload to the power roller 6. Therefore, there is an effect similar to that of FIG. Furthermore, since the space for putting the disc spring 25 is increased by providing the counterbore hole 30, the height of the disc spring 25 is increased. In addition, it is possible to use a disc spring having a larger plate thickness, and a disc spring having a large pressing force can be used, so that the responsiveness of the power roller 6 to the movement of the trunnion 4 is further improved.
[0028]
In FIG. 2B, an elastic member as a preload applying mechanism, specifically a coil spring 26, is provided between the shoulder 5 b of the displacement shaft 5 and the power roller outer ring 8. A plurality of the coil springs 26 are equally arranged on the circumference of the power roller outer ring 8, and the ends of the coil springs 26 are stored in the shoulder 5 b and the counterbore holes 27, 28 of the power roller outer ring 8. Has been. And even if a load is applied and the trunnion 4 is deformed, the coil spring 26 does not come off.
[0029]
In this way, the power roller outer ring 8 is pressed in the direction of the power roller inner ring 9 by the elastic force of the plurality of coil springs 26 to apply a preload to the power roller 6. Therefore, there is an effect similar to that of FIG. Furthermore, since the space for inserting the coil spring 26 is increased by providing the counterbore holes 27 and 28, the height of the coil spring 26 is increased, and a coil spring having a large pressing force can be used. There is an effect that the responsiveness of the roller 6 is further improved.
[0030]
Further, providing the counterbore hole 28 has an effect of reducing the weight of the power roller outer ring 8.
[0031]
FIG. 3 shows a third embodiment of a power roller assembly of a toroidal-type continuously variable transmission, and an elastic member as a preload applying mechanism between the shoulder 5b of the displacement shaft 5 and the power roller outer ring 8, specifically, A disc spring 29 is provided. The disc spring 29 is accommodated in a counterbore 30 provided on the back surface of the power roller outer ring 8. And even if a load is applied and the trunnion 4 is deformed, the disc spring 29 is not detached.
[0032]
In this way, the power roller outer ring 8 is pressed in the direction of the power roller inner ring 9 by the elastic force of the plurality of disc springs 29 to apply preload to the power roller 6. Therefore, there is an effect similar to that of FIG. Furthermore, since the space for inserting the disc spring 29 is increased by providing the counterbore hole 30, the height of the disc spring 29 is increased. In addition, it is possible to use a disc spring having a larger plate thickness, and a disc spring having a large pressing force can be used, so that the responsiveness of the power roller 6 to the movement of the trunnion 4 is further improved.
[0033]
Further, providing the counterbore 30 has an effect of reducing the weight of the power roller outer ring 8. Furthermore, since the flat portion of the power roller outer ring 8 is seated, the area of the surface grinding portion is reduced, the surface grinding time can be shortened, and the cost can be reduced.
[0034]
According to the first to third embodiments, the rigidity of the power roller outer ring 8, the power roller inner ring 9, the cage 11 and the rolling element 10 is increased by the preload, the rattling is reduced, and the power against the movement of the trunnion 4 is increased. The responsiveness of the roller 6 is improved. When a load is applied to the power roller 6, the disc springs 21, 25, 29 or the coil springs 22, 26 as the elastic members are compressed, so that the power roller 6 does not hinder the rotation by the preload.
[0035]
4 and 5 show a fourth embodiment, showing means for evenly arranging the rolling elements 10 in the pockets 13 of the cage 11, FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b) show jigs, and FIG. Indicates a power roller assembly.
[0036]
The jig 31 in FIG. 4A is an annular metal plate divided into two by a dividing line 32 passing through the center thereof, and an interval corresponding to the pocket 13 of the cage 11 is provided on the inner peripheral edge of the jig 31. A plurality of semicircular notches 33 are provided. Further, the jig 34 in FIG. 4B is obtained by dividing an annular metal plate into two by a dividing line 35 passing through the center thereof, and corresponds to the pocket 13 of the cage 11 on the inner peripheral edge of the jig 34. A plurality of semi-elliptical notches 36 are provided at intervals.
[0037]
Further, one or a plurality of convex portions 31 a and 34 a are provided on the outer peripheral edge portions of the jigs 31 and 34, and engage with a concave portion 11 a to be described later of the retainer 11. When set to, the centers of the cage 11 and the jigs 31 and 34 coincide with each other.
[0038]
As shown in FIG. 5, by setting the above-described jig 31 or 34 between the power roller outer ring 8 and the cage 11 or between the power roller inner ring 9 and the cage 11, the rolling elements are formed in the pocket 13. Even if the position of 10 is biased, the rolling elements 10 can be pressed by the inner surface of the semicircular notch 33 or the semi-elliptical notch 36 to move the rolling elements 10 to the central portion of the pockets 13 and can be arranged at equal intervals. .
[0039]
In this case, since the jigs 31 and 34 are divided into two, the sizes of the circumferential cutouts 33 and 36 of the jigs 31 and 34 for the equal distribution of the rolling elements 10 are the contact portions of the rolling elements 10. It is sufficient that the diameter is equal to, and since the radial size is not particular, it may be a semicircle or a semi-ellipse.
[0040]
As described above, by setting the jig 31 or 34 between the power roller outer ring 8 and the retainer 11 or between the power roller inner ring 9 and the retainer 11, the position of the rolling element 10 in the pocket 13 is set. Even if it is biased, each rolling element 10 can be pressed by the inner surface of the semicircular notch 33 or the semi-elliptical notch 36 and the rolling elements 10 can be arranged in the pocket 13 at equal intervals. Preload is applied to the power roller 6 by the preload applying mechanism of the form. Then, after the rolling elements 10 are maintained in the pocket 13 at an even distribution, the jig 31 or 34 is moved between the power roller outer ring 8 and the cage 11 or between the power roller inner ring 9 and the cage 11. By removing, the rolling elements 10 can be maintained in the pockets 13 at equal intervals.
[0041]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the thrust rolling bearing is provided with the preload applying mechanism for applying the preload to the power roller, and when the preload is applied to the power roller by the preload applying mechanism, Since the rolling elements are arranged at equal intervals, even if the position of the rolling elements in the pocket is biased, the rolling elements can be arranged at equal intervals by pressing each rolling element with a jig to improve workability. it can.
[0042]
Furthermore, by providing a preloading mechanism that applies preload to the power roller at the step provided on the outer ring of the power roller of the thrust rolling bearing, it is possible to apply a large preload and further improve the responsiveness of the power roller to the movement of the trunnion. There is an effect of doing.
Further, the pocket of the cage is formed longer in the circumferential direction than in the radial direction, and the thrust rolling bearing is provided with a preload applying mechanism for applying preload to the power roller. There is an effect that the rigidity of the power roller outer ring, the power roller inner ring, the cage and the rolling element is increased, the backlash is reduced, and the responsiveness of the power roller to the movement of the trunnion is improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1A and 1B show a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 1A and 1B are longitudinal side views of a power roller assembly. FIG.
FIGS. 2A and 2B show a second embodiment of the present invention, wherein FIGS. 2A and 2B are longitudinal side views of a power roller assembly. FIGS.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a power roller assembly according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 4A and 4B show a fourth embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 4A and 4B are plan views of a jig. FIGS.
FIG. 5 is a vertical side view of the power roller assembly in which the jig is set according to the embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a vertical side view of a power assembly of a conventional toroidal-type continuously variable transmission.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional plan view of a power assembly of a toroidal-type continuously variable transmission.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory view of the action of the rolling elements in the pocket.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory view of the action of the rolling elements in the pocket.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory view of the action of the rolling elements in the pocket.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Rotating shaft 2 ... Input disk 3 ... Output disk 4 ... Trunnion 5 ... Displacement shaft 6 ... Power roller 7 ... Thrust rolling bearing 8 ... Power roller outer ring 9 ... Power roller inner ring 10 ... Rolling body 11 ... Cage 13 ... Pocket 21 , 25 ... Disc springs 22, 26 ... Coil springs

Claims (3)

A rotation shaft, a first and a second disc that are rotatably supported around the rotation shaft, and whose inner peripheral surfaces are opposed to each other, and a central axis of the first and second discs A trunnion that swings about a pivot in a twisted position, a displacement shaft provided on the trunnion, and the first disc between the first and second discs while being rotatably supported around the displacement shaft. A power roller sandwiched between the power roller and the trunnion, and a thrust rolling bearing that supports a load in the thrust direction applied to the power roller, and includes a first roller and a second roller. Each of the peripheral surfaces is a concave surface having an arc shape in cross section, the peripheral surface of the power roller is a spherical convex surface, the peripheral surface and the inner peripheral surface are in contact with each other, and the thrust rolling bearing is Power Includes a roller outer ring, and the power roller inner ring, a plurality of rolling elements provided between the power roller outer wheel and the power roller inner wheel, a cage holding the plurality of rolling elements rollably,
In the toroidal type continuously variable transmission in which the pocket of the cage of the thrust rolling bearing is formed to have a longer circumferential length than a radial length ,
The thrust rolling bearing is provided with a preload applying mechanism for applying a preload to the power roller, and when the preload is applied to the power roller by the preload applying mechanism, the rolling elements in the pocket are arranged equally by a jig. Toroidal-type continuously variable transmission. The toroidal continuously variable transmission according to claim 1 , wherein a preload applying mechanism for applying a preload to the power roller is provided at a step portion provided on an outer ring of the power roller of the thrust rolling bearing . The toroidal continuously variable transmission according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the preload applying mechanism is an elastic member that applies preload from the outer side of the power roller toward the inner ring of the power roller .

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