JP4228497B2 - Reinforcing fabric - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a reinforcing fabric used as a reinforcing base material for a composite material, and more particularly to a reinforcing fabric that is optimally attached to the surface of a concrete structure by hand lay-up molding to be reinforced.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Recently, there has been an accident in which the concrete surface deteriorates due to the neutralization of concrete and the concrete surface of the viaduct is peeled off.
[0003]
As a countermeasure, for example, a reinforcing method is adopted in which a fiber reinforced plastic containing carbon fiber on a concrete surface is bonded.
[0004]
This method is widely used because of its high reinforcing effect, excellent durability, and simple reinforcement work.
[0005]
The method of adhering fiber reinforced plastic to the concrete surface was pier reinforcement for earthquake countermeasures and floor slab reinforcement due to increased traffic volume. To prevent the concrete surface from falling off, the concrete piece can be prevented from falling. For this reason, a small amount of carbon fiber constituting the fiber reinforced plastic is sufficient, and therefore a carbon fiber fabric with a low basis weight is required.
[0006]
However, the carbon fiber woven fabric with a low basis weight is a very expensive fabric because it is composed of thin carbon fiber yarns having a high yarn value, and there is a problem that the cost of reinforcement work increases.
[0007]
On the other hand, carbon fibers are cheaper as thicker yarns, so when trying to obtain low-weight fabrics with thick carbon fiber yarns, there is no binding force due to the combination of warp yarns and weft yarns to become mesh fabrics with large weaving intervals, It is a very loose woven fabric that is not easy to handle, and the carbon fiber thread cannot be bonded straight to the concrete surface, and the high strength of the carbon fiber cannot be fully exhibited. There is a problem that takes time.
[0008]
In mesh fabrics, as a means for obtaining the restraining force at the intersection of the warp and weft yarns, entanglement or imitation weaving has been proposed. However, since the carbon fiber bundle only extends long at the point of intersection between the warp and the weft, the portion is not rigid and is easily deformed as a woven fabric.
[0009]
It is a woven fabric that is difficult to use for reinforcing concrete formed by hand layup, and it is desired to provide an inexpensive woven fabric with excellent handleability.
[0010]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a low-cost reinforcing fabric that solves the conventional problems described above, can be applied efficiently and easily, and is suitable for repairing and reinforcing concrete surfaces.
[0011]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention comprises the following arrangement. That is,
(1) Warp yarns and weft yarns made of reinforcing fiber yarns are arranged in a mesh at intervals of 7 to 30 mm, and 1 to 3 warp auxiliary yarns and weft yarn auxiliary yarns made of glass yarn are arranged between the arranged reinforcing fiber yarns. A reinforcing woven fabric, wherein the reinforcing fiber yarn and the auxiliary yarn are integrated in a plain weave structure .
[0013]
( 2 ) The reinforcing woven fabric according to (1 ), wherein the reinforcing fiber yarn has a thickness of 150 to 7000 Tex.
[0014]
( 3 ) The reinforcing woven fabric according to (1) or (2) , wherein the auxiliary yarn arranged between the reinforcing fiber yarns has a thickness of 20 to 200 Tex.
[0016]
(4) reinforcing fabric according to any one of the weight per unit area of the fabric characterized in that it is a ^{70~500g / m 2 (1) ~} (3).
[0017]
( 5 ) The reinforced fabric according to any one of (1) to ( 4 ), wherein the reinforcing fiber yarn is a fiber selected from carbon fiber, polyaramid fiber, and glass fiber.
[0019]
( 6 ) Any of the above (1) to ( 5 ), wherein a low-melting point thermoplastic polymer is adhered to the auxiliary yarn and bonded at the intersection of the warp yarn and / or the weft yarn intersecting with the auxiliary yarn. The reinforcing fabric as described in 1.
[0020]
( 7 ) The auxiliary yarns described in (1) to ( 6 ) above, wherein the auxiliary yarn is melted in a state where a low melting point polymer yarn is coated on a glass yarn and adhered around the glass yarn. The reinforcing fabric according to any one of the above.
[0021]
( 8 ) A method for reinforcing a concrete structure, wherein the reinforcing fabric according to any one of (1) to ( 7 ) is used.
[0022]
( 9 ) A method for repairing / reinforcing a concrete structure, comprising repairing / reinforcing the surface of the concrete structure using the reinforcing fabric according to any one of (1) to ( 7 ).
[0023]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, as described above, the warp yarns and weft yarns made of reinforcing fiber yarns are arranged in a mesh shape at intervals of 7 to 30 mm, and the warp auxiliary yarns and weft auxiliary yarns made of glass yarns between the arranged reinforcing fiber yarns. 1 to 3 are arranged, and the reinforcing fiber yarn and the auxiliary yarn are integrated and structured in a plain weave structure .
[0024]
Preferably, the thickness of the reinforcing fiber yarns is 150～7000Tex, auxiliary yarns arranged between the front Symbol reinforcing fiber yarns, it thickness is yarn 20～200Tex, the basis weight of the woven material is 70 It is -500g / m < ² >.
[0025]
Further, a low-melting point thermoplastic polymer may adhere to the auxiliary yarn, and may be bonded at the intersection of the warp yarn, the weft yarn, or the warp yarn and the weft yarn that crosses the auxiliary yarn.
[0026]
The reinforcing fabric of the present invention is suitable using a concrete structure for reinforcement.
[0027]
Hereinafter, the reinforcing fabric of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0028]
FIG. 1 shows a reinforcing fabric according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0029]
In FIG. 1, reference numerals 1a, 1b,... Are reinforcing fiber yarn warps, 3a, 3b,.
[0030]
2a, 2b, .. warp auxiliary yarns, 4a, 4b, .. weft auxiliary yarns arranged between the reinforcing fiber yarns 1 or 3 arranged at a large pitch.
[0031]
That is, for the warp yarn, the reinforcing fiber yarn 1a, the auxiliary yarns 2a, 2b and the reinforcing fiber yarn 1b, the auxiliary yarns 2c, 2d are arranged in this order. For the weft yarn, the reinforcing fiber yarn 3a, the auxiliary yarns 4a, 4b, the reinforcing fiber yarn 3b, The auxiliary yarns 4c and 4d are arranged in this order, and the yarn arrangement is integrated with a plain weave structure.
[0032]
FIG. 2 shows an embodiment in which the number of auxiliary yarns arranged between the reinforcing fiber yarns is different. Three warp auxiliary yarns are arranged between the reinforcing fiber yarns, and two weft auxiliary yarns are arranged. Integrated with plain weave structure.
[0033]
FIG. 3 shows another embodiment in which two warp auxiliary yarns are arranged between the reinforcing fiber yarns and one weft auxiliary yarn is arranged to form a plain weave.
[0034]
As the reinforcing fiber yarn constituting the reinforcing fabric of the present invention is to prevent peeling of the concrete surface, a high strength and high reinforcing effect can be obtained in a small amount by using carbon fiber having high strength and high elongation at break or polyaramid fiber or glass fiber. Is obtained.
[0035]
Among these, carbon fibers are preferable because they have high strength and high elastic modulus and are excellent in alkali resistance.
[0036]
The carbon fiber can obtain a high reinforcing effect with a small amount of use by setting the tensile strength to 3 GPa or more and the breaking elongation to 1.5% or more.
[0037]
By using carbon fibers having such characteristics, a sufficient reinforcing effect can be exhibited when the amount of carbon fibers per reinforcing fabric is about 50 to 450 g / m ^{2 in} preventing the concrete surface from peeling off.
[0038]
Moreover, since the carbon fiber yarn is cheaper as the fineness is larger, the carbon fiber yarn is preferably as thick as possible, and is preferably as thick as 150 to 7000 Tex. Furthermore, the fineness is preferably 350 to 1800 Tex. The use of thicker carbon fibers with a fineness of 7000 Tex or more enables further cost reduction. However, if such a thick carbon fiber is used to make a fabric with a low weight, the arrangement pitch of the carbon fiber yarns becomes very large, and as a woven fabric Since the rigidity of the fabric becomes small, the fabric becomes poor in handleability. A method to increase the rigidity of the fabric by arranging a large number of auxiliary yarns between carbon fibers with a large pitch is also conceivable, but using a lot of auxiliary yarns increases the material cost and decreases the productivity of the fabric. There is a problem that the price of textiles increases.
[0039]
Also, if too thick carbon fiber yarn is used, the thickness of the carbon fiber yarn will increase, and if it is applied to the concrete surface to make the surface smooth, a lot of resin is required, which increases the construction cost. .
[0040]
The carbon fiber yarn is a flat yarn bundle with a flat cross section, and by making it woven so that it does not enter more, the thickness at the intersection of carbon fibers can be reduced, so it can be molded more smoothly preferable. For example, as a flat shape, a carbon fiber yarn having 6,000 filaments has a yarn width of 3 to 6 mm, and a 12,000 filament number has a width of about 4 to 10 mm.
[0041]
Next, the reinforcing fiber yarn, such as the carbon fibers are those which are arranged in a mesh shape at intervals of 7～30Mm.
[0042]
Arranging reinforcing fiber yarns such as thick carbon fiber yarns in a mesh shape means that when affixing to the concrete surface, first apply resin to the concrete surface and then apply the reinforcing fabric on it, but the reinforcing fabric is a mesh It can be attached to concrete and reinforcing fabric without embedding air, and even if there is uneven application of the undercoat resin, the resin comes off from the large gaps between the carbon fiber yarns, Since it easily moves to a place where there is little coating, the resin can be uniformly dispersed even after the reinforcing fabric is pasted.
[0043]
The mesh interval is determined by the thickness of the carbon fiber yarn (reinforcing fiber yarn) to be used and the necessary amount of carbon fiber necessary for reinforcement, and is preferably 7 to 30 mm for the above purpose. In order to reduce the mesh interval of the carbon fiber yarn, if the amount of carbon fiber used is the same, a thin carbon fiber yarn having a high yarn value must be used, resulting in a high woven fabric.
[0044]
On the other hand, when the mesh interval is increased, the fabric is reduced in rigidity, resulting in a fabric with poor handleability, and the carbon fiber yarn interval is more preferably 10 to 30 mm.
[0045]
Furthermore, since the carbon fiber yarns are arranged in a mesh shape, even if the carbon fiber yarns are thick, the carbon fibers have almost no crimps and are made into a woven fabric, so that the high strength of the carbon fibers is fully exhibited. The
[0046]
In addition, since the thick carbon fiber yarns are arranged in a mesh shape, as a method for reducing the difference in thickness between the fiber portion and the gap portion as much as possible, if a woven fabric is used without causing the carbon fiber yarn to get in, the carbon fiber yarn This is a preferable method because it is easy to spread in a flat shape and becomes a thin woven fabric.
[0047]
Also, by using a yarn with a flat cross section of the carbon fiber yarn bundle and making it a woven fabric so that the flat yarn does not enter, the thickness is reduced at the intersection of carbon fibers, making it smoother Can be molded. For example, as a flat shape, a carbon fiber yarn having 6,000 filaments has a yarn width of 3 to 6 mm, and a 12,000 filament number has a width of about 4 to 10 mm.
[0048]
The purpose of the auxiliary yarn is to increase the rigidity as a woven fabric, so if you use a large number of yarns with a large fineness, it will be highly effective, but the amount of auxiliary yarn used will increase and the cost will increase. It is a problem.
[0049]
The auxiliary yarn is preferably fineness of yarn 20～200Tex, yarn number that arranged between the reinforcing fiber yarns is 1 to three. More preferably, the fineness is 50 to 100 Tex, and the number of yarns arranged between the reinforcing fiber yarns is 1 to 3 so that sufficient rigidity of the fabric can be secured.
[0050]
In particular, when the number of auxiliary yarns arranged between the reinforcing fiber yarns is increased, the mesh-shaped void area formed by the warp yarns and the weft yarns of the reinforcing fiber yarns is reduced, and the effect of easy resin mobility cannot be obtained during the construction described above. .
[0051]
Further, it is preferable that the auxiliary yarn has high rigidity in the yarn itself, and glass yarn having a high tensile elastic modulus of 7.5 GPa is particularly preferable.
[0052]
Glass fiber is easily deteriorated due to the alkalinity of concrete, but the reinforcing effect of the glass fiber yarn itself is not expected, and it is not a problem because it is only necessary to maintain the shape of the fabric during construction.
[0053]
The positions of the auxiliary yarns arranged between the reinforcing fiber yarns are preferably arranged almost uniformly in the gaps between the reinforcing fiber yarns, but are not particularly limited.
[0054]
Warp and weft of the auxiliary yarn and the reinforcing fiber yarns, which are the sequences are those which are organized in a plain weave. Although the woven fabric of the present invention has a large weaving interval, a high weaving force is exerted at the intersection of the warp and weft by adopting a plain weave structure, so that the woven fabric has improved form stability and excellent handling. It is.
[0055]
A thermoplastic polymer is attached to the warp and / or weft auxiliary yarns, and the carbon fiber warp yarns (reinforcing fiber yarns) intersecting at right angles to the auxiliary yarns, or the weft yarns, or the intersections with the warp yarns and the weft yarns, or the auxiliary Bonded at the intersection with the thread.
[0056]
By adhering in such a way, rigidity as a woven fabric is given, and the carbon fiber yarn is not bent or misaligned during handling of the woven fabric, and the carbon fiber yarn is straightly oriented and molded. It is possible to exert a high reinforcing effect.
[0057]
As a method of attaching the thermoplastic polymer to the auxiliary yarn, the auxiliary yarn is used as a core yarn, a low-melting point thermoplastic fiber yarn is used as a coated yarn, and is then made into a woven fabric, and then heated to a temperature higher than the melting point of the thermoplastic fiber with a heater. This is a preferable method because the intersection of the woven yarns can be easily adhered.
[0058]
As the coating method, a low melting point nylon yarn of 5 to 35 Tex is obtained by coating a single or double winding around a glass yarn of 15 to 200 Tex at a twist number of 100 to 500 T / m.
[0059]
It is also possible to fabricate a coating yarn in which a molten thermoplastic polymer is continuously adhered around the auxiliary yarn, and after the yarn is woven, it can be heated to bond the intersections.
[0060]
At this time, the thermoplastic polymer is preferably attached in an amount of 5 to 40% by weight with respect to the auxiliary yarn.
[0061]
Since the reinforcing fabric of the present invention can prevent cracks generated on the concrete surface from progressing and the concrete pieces from falling, it is not necessary to use a lot of carbon fibers, and the basis weight of the carbon fibers is 50 to 50. 450 g / m ² is sufficient, and the weight of the reinforcing fabric including the weight of the auxiliary yarn is preferably 70 to 500 g / m ² . Furthermore, 70 to 250 g / m ² is preferable.
[0062]
The present invention also includes a repair / reinforcing method in which a resin is applied to the surface of a concrete structure, and the reinforcing fabric of the present invention is applied thereon, and at the same time, the reinforcing fibers are impregnated with resin to reinforce.
[0063]
Further, since the reinforcing fabric of the present invention has reinforcing fibers arranged in a mesh shape, it can be embedded in mortar or concrete and used for reinforcing mortar or concrete. Further, the fabric can be impregnated with a resin and used as a fiber reinforced resin (FRP).
[0064]
【Example】
Example 1
A high-strength carbon fiber high-strength yarn having a filament number of 12,000 (fineness: 800 Tex), a tensile strength of 5 GPa, and a breaking elongation of 2.1% is used as the reinforcing fiber yarn, and 67.5 Tex is used as the auxiliary yarn. As the fiber yarn, a low-melting nylon 5.6 Tex coated with a single winding with a twist of 200 T / m in the S direction was used.
[0065]
The warp carbon fiber yarns are passed through every other wing with a density of 1.25 pieces / cm, and the actual arrangement density is 0.625 pieces / cm (the spacing between the carbon fiber yarns is 16 mm, the carbon fibers in the woven fabric Are arranged at 100 g / m ² ), and the auxiliary yarns of the warp yarns are passed one by one so that they are located on both ends of the carbon fiber yarns between the same wings through which the carbon fiber yarns are passed, and the density of the auxiliary yarns is 1 .25 / cm.
[0066]
Then, in the plain structure having the woven structure shown in FIG. 1, weft density is 1.875 yarns / cm and weaving is performed while switching the weft yarn in relation to the auxiliary yarn 2 with respect to the carbon fiber yarn 1, and before the winding of the loom The low-melting point nylon was melted by heating with the provided far-infrared heater, and the intersection of the warp and the weft was adhered.
[0067]
Even though the density of the carbon fiber yarn is coarse, the carbon fiber yarn of the weft yarn is also interlaced with the auxiliary yarns arranged between the warp carbon fiber yarns, so that it is oriented almost straight without meandering and interlaced with the auxiliary yarns. Since a part was bonded with a thermoplastic polymer, a fabric having rigidity as a fabric and good handleability was obtained.
[0068]
Comparative Example 1
Using the same carbon fiber yarn as in the example (no auxiliary yarn), a mesh fabric was woven at a warp density of 0.625 / cm and a weft density of 0.625 / cm.
[0069]
As a method of bonding the intersection of the warp and the weft, a low-melting nylon yarn was supplied to the warp and the weft carbon fiber yarn, and the fabric was made into a woven fabric and melted with a heater to try to bond the intersection.
[0070]
Since the density of the carbon fibers of the warp yarn is coarse, the weft yarn already driven when the warp yarn is opened is bent, and the weft yarn of the woven fabric is greatly meandered.
[0071]
In addition, the weft yarn carbon fiber yarn meandered, resulting in an unsatisfactory woven fabric in which the warp yarn and weft yarn crossing points were incompletely bonded, which was difficult to handle when hand lay-up molding.
[0072]
【The invention's effect】
The present invention is a woven fabric in which thick reinforcing fiber yarns are arranged in a mesh shape, and thin auxiliary yarns are arranged between the reinforcing fiber yarns to form a structure, and preferably the respective intersections are bonded and integrated. Even if the fiber yarn itself has a mesh-like configuration, it has shape stability, excellent handleability, and can be molded with the reinforcing fiber yarn straightly oriented at the time of construction, exhibiting a high reinforcement effect .
[0073]
Furthermore, when carbon fibers are used as the reinforcing fiber yarns, the carbon fiber yarns are used in a small amount because the thick carbon fiber yarns that are inexpensive are arranged in a mesh, and the carbon fiber yarns are linearly oriented. It is possible to provide a reinforced fabric that is very inexpensive and exhibits a high reinforcing effect.
[0074]
In addition, since the void is provided in the fabric, when the resin is pasted on the concrete surface primed with resin, the undercoat resin can easily move from the void to the fabric surface, creating excessive or small resin on the concrete surface and the fabric surface. It can be applied evenly, and even if it is applied to a vertical surface or downward surface of a concrete body, it can be applied efficiently without slipping off.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of a reinforced fabric according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a front view showing another embodiment of the reinforcing fabric of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a front view showing still another embodiment of the reinforcing fabric of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1, 1a, 1b, 1c, 1d: warp carbon fiber yarns 2, 2a, 2b, 2c, 2d: warp auxiliary yarns 3, 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d: weft carbon fiber yarns 4, 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d: Weft auxiliary thread

Claims (9)

Warp yarns and weft yarns made of reinforcing fiber yarns are arranged in a mesh at intervals of 7 to 30 mm, and 1 to 3 warp auxiliary yarns and weft auxiliary yarns made of glass yarn are arranged between the arranged reinforcing fiber yarns , A reinforcing woven fabric, wherein reinforcing fiber yarns and auxiliary yarns are integrated and formed in a plain weave structure . The reinforcing fabric according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the reinforcing fiber yarn is 150 to 7000 Tex. The reinforcing fabric according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the auxiliary yarn arranged between the reinforcing fiber yarns has a thickness of 20 to 200 Tex. Reinforcing fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the basis weight of the fabric characterized in that it is a 70~500g / ^{m 2.} The reinforcing woven fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the reinforcing fiber yarn is a fiber selected from carbon fiber, polyaramid fiber, and glass fiber. The reinforcing woven fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 5 , wherein a low-melting point thermoplastic polymer is attached to the auxiliary yarn and bonded at the intersection of the warp yarn and / or the weft yarn intersecting with the auxiliary yarn. . The reinforcement according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , wherein the auxiliary yarn is melted in a state where a glass yarn is covered with a low-melting polymer yarn and adhered around the glass yarn. Textiles. A method for reinforcing a concrete structure, wherein the reinforcing fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is used. A method for repairing and reinforcing a concrete structure, comprising repairing and reinforcing the surface of the concrete structure using the reinforcing fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 7 .

Images