JP4221805B2 - Polypropylene sheet - Google Patents
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- JP4221805B2 JP4221805B2 JP07783599A JP7783599A JP4221805B2 JP 4221805 B2 JP4221805 B2 JP 4221805B2 JP 07783599 A JP07783599 A JP 07783599A JP 7783599 A JP7783599 A JP 7783599A JP 4221805 B2 JP4221805 B2 JP 4221805B2
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- polypropylene
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、押出成形などの一般のシーティング方法で成形可能なポリプロピレン系シートに関する。詳しくは、防湿性が要求されるPTPと称する医薬品(固形剤)包装用ポリプロピレン系シートに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
医薬品包装において、より高い防湿性を得るためポリプロピレン系シートが使用されている。しかしながら、ポリプロピレンは熱成形性が極めて悪いという工業上大きな問題がある。すなわち、ポリプロピレンは熱成形における予熱の際、熱によるドローダウンが大きく、良好な成形品を得ることのできる最適な成形温度幅が2〜3℃程度であり非常に狭い。このため、ポリプロピレンの熱成形にあたっては、非常に高度な温度制御が必要であり、従来の汎用成形機では成形不良率が高く工程管理は極めて困難である。また、ポリプロピレンは熱成形後の冷却過程において収縮するため、連続成形において、成形部と金型部とがずれる(いわゆるピッチずれ)などの問題もある。このピッチずれは、特に、一旦成形を中止した後、成形を再開する場合に多発することが知られており、ポリプロピレン系シートを成形加工する場合の大きな欠点の一つとなっている。
【0003】
熱成形性の良好なポリプロピレンについての検討はこれまで種々なされており、例えば、ポリプロピレンに比較的成形性の良好なポリエチレンやエチレン−プロピレン共重合体、無機フィラーあるいは低分子量の石油樹脂をブレンドして改質することについての提案がある。例えば、溶融時に高粘度のポリプロピレンに、高粘度のポリエチレン(低密度ポリエチレン)及び含水ケイ酸マグネシウム粉末を添加する方法(特公昭56−15744号公報)、ポリプロピレンに、ポリエチレン(高密度ポリエチレン)及びエチレン−プロピレン共重合体を添加する方法(特公昭63−29704号公報)、ポリプロピレンと分子量分布の狭いポリエチレンを使用し、成形加工性・耐振動疲労性を改良する方法(特公昭63−53213号公報)、ポリプロピレンに石油樹脂及びエチレン−α−オレフィン共重合体を添加する方法(特公平6−89191号公報)などが知られている。しかしながら、これらは各々特定の温度条件におけるシート軟化緊張保持時間、溶融体強度、絞り加工性、ドローダウン等の成形加工性の改善に対しては効果が認められるものの成形性改良の実質的な指標である成形可能温度幅の拡大についてはほとんど効果がなく、現実的な成形性の改善について未だ満足できるポリプロピレン系シートは得られていなかった。
【0004】
一方、熱成形後の冷却過程におけるポリプロピレンの収縮を改良する方法については、特定の結晶化時間及び立体規則性を有するポリプロピレンに石油樹脂等を添加する方法(特開平7−157573号公報)が知られている。しかし、この方法でも、フィルムをロール状に巻いたときの巻き締まりによる平面性の悪化に対しては改善効果があるものの、連続成形時の加工安定性にはほとんど効果がなく、ピッチずれの改善について未だ満足できるポリプロピレン系シートは得られていなかった。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、熱成形可能な温度幅が広く、しかも連続成形において、成形部と金型部とがずれる現象(いわゆるピッチずれ)が著しく改良されたポリプロピレン系シートを提供することを目的とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、上記問題について研究を行った結果、特定のポリプロピレンに、ポリプロピレン系樹脂と非結晶性樹脂とのグラフト共重合体及び/又はブロック共重合体を配合してなるポリプロピレン系シートが、熱成形可能な温度幅が広く、かつ連続成形において、成形部と金型部とがずれる現象(いわゆるピッチずれ)が著しく改良されることを見いだし本発明を完成させるに至った。すなわち、本発明は、示差走査熱量計によって測定された融点の差が3〜40℃である2種以上のポリプロピレンに、ポリプロピレン系樹脂と非結晶性樹脂とのグラフト共重合体及び/又はブロック共重合体を配合してなるポリプロピレン系シートである。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明に用いられるポリプロピレンの種類としてはプロピレンを単独重合したホモポリマー、プロピレンとエチレンやα−オレフィンとのブロックコポリマー、ランダムコポリマーなどの公知のポリプロピレンが挙げられる。
本発明における2種以上のポリプロピレンは示差走査熱量計によって測定された融点(JIS−K−7121)の差においてが3〜40℃、さらに好ましくは5〜35℃であることが好ましい。ここに示す融点差とは、2種類以上のポリプロピレンのうち最も融点が高いものと、最も融点が低いものの差である。ポリプロピレンの融点差が3℃より小さい場合、得られたシートの真空、圧空成形性が悪くなり好ましくない。ポリプロピレンの融点差が40℃以上の場合、シートの外観が悪くなる。
【0008】
シートの耐熱性が要求される分野では、組み合わせるポリプロピレンにおいて最も融点が高いポリプロピレンの融点は150℃以上であるのが好ましく、155℃以上であるのがさらに好ましい。最も融点が高いポリプロピレンの融点が150℃より小さいとシートの耐熱性が悪くなる。また、組み合わせるポリプロピレンにおいて最も融点が高いポリプロピレンの含量は95〜50重量%であるのが好ましく、85〜60重量%であるのがさらに好ましい。最も融点が高いポリプロピレンの含量が95重量%より大きいと、真空、圧空成形性が悪くなり、50重量%より小さいとシートの耐熱性が悪くなる。
組み合わせるポリプロピレンの種類に特に制限はないが、シートに水蒸気バリア性が要求される場合、ホモポリマーとランダムコポリマーまたはブロックコポリマーの組み合わせが好ましく、より好ましくはホモポリマー同士の組み合わせである。
【0009】
また、カレンダー法により本発明のポリプロピレン系シートを作成する場合、使用するポリプロピレンは、分子量1万以下の低分子量成分が全体の5重量%以下であるのが好まく、さらに好ましくは3重量%以下、最も好ましくは1重量%以下である。分子量1万以下の低分子量成分が5重量%より多いと、カレンダー加工時に熱ロールへの粘着が起こり、得られるシートの平滑性、外観が悪くなる。低分子量成分の割合はゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィーによって測定した微分分子量分布曲線から求めることができる。
【0010】
本発明に用いられるポリプロピレン系樹脂と非結晶性樹脂とのグラフト共重合体及び/又はブロック共重合体において、ポリプロピレン系樹脂部にはプロピレンを単独重合したホモポリマー、プロピレンとエチレンやα−オレフィンとのランダムコポリマーなどの公知のポリプロピレン等が用いられ、非結晶性樹脂部には、ポリスチレン、アクリロニトリル−スチレン共重合体、ポリメチルメタクリレート、ポリカーボネート等が用いられる。具体的には、ポリプロピレンにポリスチレンをグラフト共重合したもの、ポリプロピレンにアクリロニトリル−スチレン共重合体をグラフト共重合したもの、ポリプロピレンにポリメチルメタクリレートをブロック共重合したものが挙げられる。
ポリプロピレン系樹脂と非結晶性樹脂とのグラフト共重合体及び/又はブロック共重合体の添加量は、当該ポリプロピレン100重量部に対して、好ましくは3〜40重量部であり、更に好ましくは5〜30重量部である。
ポリプロピレン系樹脂と非結晶性樹脂とのグラフト共重合体及び/又はブロック共重合体の添加量が3重量部を下回るとピッチずれを改良する効果が小さくなり、40重量部を上回るとシートが白化、成形温度幅が低下するなどの問題が生じる。
【0011】
【実施例】
以下、実施例により、本発明を詳細に説明する。
実施例、比較例は下記に示す方法で評価を行った。
(融点の測定)
JIS−K−7121に従い、示差走査型熱量計で融点を測定した。
(真空、圧空成形性)
圧空方式成形機[FBP−M2;シーケーディ(株)製]を用いて一定圧力(5kgf/cm2)で、熱板温度を120〜160℃の間において1℃単位で上昇させ、得られたシートの成形性を評価した。成形型は直径10mm、高さ4.5mm、R1.5とした。得られた成形品の全体厚みが均一である温度を成形可能温度とし、その温度幅を求めた。
【0012】
(ピッチずれの評価)
圧空方式成形機[FBP−M2;シーケーディ(株)製]を用いて一定圧力(5kgf/cm2)で成形時にポリプロピレン系シートが収縮してピッチずれを生じるものを×、ピッチずれしないものを○とした。
実施例、比較例に使用したポリプロピレン、非結晶性樹脂を示す。
ポリプロピレン系樹脂には、ホモPP(PP−A);日本ポリケム(株)製 EA7A(融点:164℃)、ホモPP(PP−B);日本ポリオレフィン(株)製 PC410A(融点:158℃)、ランダムPP(PP−C);日本ポリオレフィン(株)製 PB322M(融点:149℃)をもちいた。
ポリプロピレンと非結晶性樹脂とのグラフト共重合体には、PP−g−PS;日本油脂(株)製 モディパーA3100を用いた。
ポリプロピレンとポリメチルメタクリレートのブロック共重合体には、PP−b−PMMA;クラレ(株)製 CB−OM11を用いた。
【0013】
実施例、比較例について、以下の方法でシートを作製した。
示差走査熱量計によって測定された融点の差が3〜40℃である2種以上のポリプロピレンとポリプロピレン系樹脂と非結晶性樹脂とのグラフト共重合体、ポリプロピレン系樹脂と非結晶性樹脂とのブロック共重合体とをシリンダー温度230℃に設定した50mm二軸押出機にて溶融混練後、Tダイ法で厚さ0.3mmのシートを作製した。
【0014】
【表1】
【0015】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、成形可能な温度幅が広く、かつ連続成形において、成形部と金型部とがずれる現象(いわゆるピッチずれ)が著しく改善されたポリプロピレン系シートを提供できる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a polypropylene sheet that can be molded by a general sheeting method such as extrusion molding. More specifically, the present invention relates to a polypropylene-based sheet for packaging a pharmaceutical product (solid agent) called PTP, which requires moisture resistance.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In pharmaceutical packaging, polypropylene sheets are used to obtain higher moisture resistance. However, polypropylene has a large industrial problem that its thermoformability is extremely poor. That is, polypropylene has a large drawdown due to heat at the time of preheating in thermoforming, and an optimum molding temperature range for obtaining a good molded product is about 2 to 3 ° C., which is very narrow. For this reason, in the thermoforming of polypropylene, very high temperature control is required, and a conventional general-purpose molding machine has a high molding defect rate, and process management is extremely difficult. In addition, since polypropylene shrinks in the cooling process after thermoforming, there is a problem that the molded part and the mold part are displaced (so-called pitch deviation) in continuous molding. This pitch deviation is known to occur particularly when molding is resumed after molding is once stopped, and is one of the major drawbacks when molding polypropylene sheets.
[0003]
Various studies have been conducted on polypropylene having good thermoformability. For example, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, inorganic filler or low molecular weight petroleum resin having relatively good moldability is blended with polypropylene. There are suggestions for reforming. For example, a method of adding high-viscosity polyethylene (low-density polyethylene) and hydrous magnesium silicate powder to high-viscosity polypropylene at the time of melting (Japanese Patent Publication No. 56-15744), polyethylene (high-density polyethylene) and ethylene to polypropylene -A method of adding a propylene copolymer (Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-29704), a method of improving molding processability and vibration fatigue resistance using polypropylene and polyethylene having a narrow molecular weight distribution (Japanese Patent Publication No. 63-53213) ), A method of adding a petroleum resin and an ethylene-α-olefin copolymer to polypropylene (Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-89191), and the like are known. However, these are effective indicators for improvement of moldability, such as sheet softening tension retention time, melt strength, drawability, drawdown, etc., under specific temperature conditions. The expansion of the moldable temperature range is almost ineffective, and a polypropylene sheet that is still satisfactory for practical improvement in moldability has not been obtained.
[0004]
On the other hand, as a method for improving the shrinkage of polypropylene in the cooling process after thermoforming, a method of adding a petroleum resin or the like to polypropylene having a specific crystallization time and stereoregularity (JP-A-7-157573) is known. It has been. However, this method also has an improvement effect on the deterioration of flatness caused by tightening when the film is wound into a roll, but has little effect on the processing stability during continuous molding, and improves the pitch deviation. No satisfactory polypropylene sheet has been obtained yet.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a polypropylene sheet having a wide temperature range in which thermoforming is possible, and in which a phenomenon in which a molded part and a mold part are displaced (so-called pitch shift) is remarkably improved in continuous molding.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of researches on the above problems, the present inventors have found that a polypropylene sheet obtained by blending a specific polypropylene with a graft copolymer and / or a block copolymer of a polypropylene resin and an amorphous resin is obtained. Thus, the present inventors have found that the temperature range in which thermoforming can be performed is wide and the phenomenon (so-called pitch shift) that the molded part and the mold part are displaced is remarkably improved in continuous molding, and the present invention has been completed. That is, the present invention provides a graft copolymer and / or block copolymer of a polypropylene resin and an amorphous resin to two or more types of polypropylene having a melting point difference of 3 to 40 ° C. measured by a differential scanning calorimeter. It is a polypropylene sheet formed by blending a polymer.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Examples of the type of polypropylene used in the present invention include known polypropylenes such as a homopolymer obtained by homopolymerizing propylene, a block copolymer of propylene and ethylene or α-olefin, and a random copolymer.
The two or more types of polypropylene in the present invention are preferably 3 to 40 ° C., more preferably 5 to 35 ° C. in the difference of melting points (JIS-K-7121) measured by a differential scanning calorimeter. The melting point difference shown here is the difference between the highest melting point and the lowest melting point of two or more types of polypropylene. When the difference in melting point of polypropylene is smaller than 3 ° C., the vacuum and pressure formability of the obtained sheet is deteriorated, which is not preferable. When the melting point difference of polypropylene is 40 ° C. or more, the appearance of the sheet is deteriorated.
[0008]
In the field where the heat resistance of the sheet is required, the melting point of the polypropylene having the highest melting point in the combined polypropylene is preferably 150 ° C. or higher, and more preferably 155 ° C. or higher. When the melting point of polypropylene having the highest melting point is lower than 150 ° C., the heat resistance of the sheet is deteriorated. The content of polypropylene having the highest melting point in the combined polypropylene is preferably 95 to 50% by weight, more preferably 85 to 60% by weight. When the content of the polypropylene having the highest melting point is more than 95% by weight, the vacuum and pressure formability is deteriorated, and when it is less than 50% by weight, the heat resistance of the sheet is deteriorated.
Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the kind of polypropylene to combine, When a water vapor | steam barrier property is requested | required of a sheet | seat, the combination of a homopolymer and a random copolymer or a block copolymer is preferable, More preferably, it is a combination of homopolymers.
[0009]
When the polypropylene sheet of the present invention is prepared by the calendar method, the low molecular weight component having a molecular weight of 10,000 or less is preferably 5% by weight or less, more preferably 3% by weight or less. Most preferably, it is 1% by weight or less. If the low molecular weight component having a molecular weight of 10,000 or less is more than 5% by weight, adhesion to the heat roll occurs during calendering, resulting in poor smoothness and appearance of the resulting sheet. The proportion of the low molecular weight component can be determined from a differential molecular weight distribution curve measured by gel permeation chromatography.
[0010]
In the graft copolymer and / or block copolymer of a polypropylene resin and an amorphous resin used in the present invention, the polypropylene resin part has a homopolymer obtained by homopolymerization of propylene, propylene and ethylene or α-olefin. Known random copolymers such as random copolymers are used, and polystyrene, acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer, polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate and the like are used for the amorphous resin part. Specific examples include those obtained by graft copolymerization of polypropylene with polypropylene, those obtained by graft copolymerization of acrylonitrile-styrene copolymer with polypropylene, and those obtained by block copolymerization of polymethyl methacrylate with polypropylene.
The addition amount of the graft copolymer and / or block copolymer of the polypropylene resin and the amorphous resin is preferably 3 to 40 parts by weight, more preferably 5 to 5 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the polypropylene. 30 parts by weight.
When the added amount of the graft copolymer and / or block copolymer of the polypropylene resin and the amorphous resin is less than 3 parts by weight, the effect of improving the pitch deviation is reduced, and when it exceeds 40 parts by weight, the sheet is whitened. As a result, problems such as a reduction in the molding temperature range arise.
[0011]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by way of examples.
Examples and comparative examples were evaluated by the methods shown below.
(Measurement of melting point)
According to JIS-K-7121, the melting point was measured with a differential scanning calorimeter.
(Vacuum and compressed air formability)
Using a pressure-air forming machine [FBP-M2; manufactured by CKD Corporation], the hot plate temperature was raised in units of 1 ° C. between 120 to 160 ° C. at a constant pressure (5 kgf / cm 2 ), and the obtained sheet The moldability of was evaluated. The mold was 10 mm in diameter, 4.5 mm in height, and R1.5. The temperature at which the entire thickness of the obtained molded product was uniform was defined as the moldable temperature, and the temperature range was determined.
[0012]
(Evaluation of pitch deviation)
When the pressure-type molding machine [FBP-M2; manufactured by CKD Corporation] is used and molded at a constant pressure (5 kgf / cm 2 ), the polypropylene sheet shrinks to cause pitch deviation during molding. It was.
Polypropylene and non-crystalline resin used in Examples and Comparative Examples are shown.
Polypropylene resins include homo PP (PP-A); EA7A (melting point: 164 ° C.) manufactured by Nippon Polychem Co., Ltd., homo PP (PP-B); PC410A (melting point: 158 ° C.) manufactured by Nippon Polyolefin Co., Ltd. Random PP (PP-C); PB322M (melting point: 149 ° C.) manufactured by Nippon Polyolefin Co., Ltd. was used.
As a graft copolymer of polypropylene and an amorphous resin, PP-g-PS; manufactured by NOF Corporation, MODIPER A3100 was used.
As a block copolymer of polypropylene and polymethyl methacrylate, PP-b-PMMA; CB-OM11 manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd. was used.
[0013]
About an Example and a comparative example, the sheet | seat was produced with the following method.
Graft copolymer of two or more types of polypropylene, polypropylene resin and amorphous resin having a melting point difference of 3 to 40 ° C. measured by a differential scanning calorimeter, and a block of polypropylene resin and amorphous resin The copolymer and the copolymer were melt-kneaded in a 50 mm twin screw extruder set at a cylinder temperature of 230 ° C., and then a sheet having a thickness of 0.3 mm was produced by the T-die method.
[0014]
[Table 1]
[0015]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the temperature range which can be shape | molded is wide, and the polypropylene-type sheet | seat in which the phenomenon (what is called a pitch shift | offset | difference) which a shaping | molding part and a metal mold | die part slip | deviate in continuous shaping | molding is remarkably improved can be provided.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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JP07783599A JP4221805B2 (en) | 1999-03-23 | 1999-03-23 | Polypropylene sheet |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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JP07783599A JP4221805B2 (en) | 1999-03-23 | 1999-03-23 | Polypropylene sheet |
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JP2000273251A JP2000273251A (en) | 2000-10-03 |
JP4221805B2 true JP4221805B2 (en) | 2009-02-12 |
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JP07783599A Expired - Fee Related JP4221805B2 (en) | 1999-03-23 | 1999-03-23 | Polypropylene sheet |
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JP4964292B2 (en) | 2009-12-07 | 2012-06-27 | 日清紡ホールディングス株式会社 | Electrode and battery |
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1999
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