JP4204951B2 - Construction machine cooling system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a construction machine cooling apparatus, and more particularly to a construction machine cooling apparatus in which a plurality of heat exchangers are arranged.

  In general, in a construction machine such as a hydraulic excavator, as shown in FIG. 7, for example, a radiator 3 is disposed in front of a cooling fan 2 driven by an engine 1, and an oil cooler 4 or an intercooler is disposed in front of the radiator 3. Cooling devices in which other heat exchangers such as a cooler 5 are arranged are widely known, and there is no time for enumerating.

  However, in order to cool the downstream heat exchanger (radiator 3) with the cooling air heated through the upstream heat exchanger (intercooler 5 and oil cooler 4), the downstream heat exchanger Cooling effect decreases. In order to improve the cooling capacity of the heat exchanger on the downstream side, it is necessary to use a large heat exchanger or increase the size of the cooling fan to increase the amount of cooling air.

  In order to solve this problem, a cooling device is known in which a cooling fan, a radiator, and an oil cooler are arranged in series in the engine room, and an intercooler (aftercooler) and a dedicated cooling fan are arranged outside the engine room ( For example, see Patent Document 1).

  In addition, the cooling fan is driven by a hydraulic motor or electric motor independent of the engine, and the ambient temperature in the engine room is detected by a temperature sensor, and the cooling fan is rotated so that the ambient temperature in the engine room is lower than the set temperature. A configuration in which the number is controlled is also known (see, for example, Patent Document 2).

In addition, when a plurality of heat exchangers are arranged in series, the air heated by cooling the upstream heat exchanger is introduced into the downstream heat exchanger, and cooling of the downstream heat exchanger is not performed. In order to solve the problem of becoming sufficient, a plurality of air inlets are provided in the cover, and one of the inlets introduces outside air for cooling to the downstream heat exchanger without going through the upstream heat exchanger. The thing comprised in this way is also known (for example, refer patent document 3).
JP-A-9-184421 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-158917 JP 2003-41622 A

  In the invention described in Patent Document 1, since the intercooler is arranged in another place, the influence of the cooling air that has passed through the other heat exchangers can be reduced. It will be up.

  Since the invention described in Patent Document 2 controls the number of rotations of the cooling fan based on the detection value of the temperature sensor, the amount of cooling air can be increased as necessary, but the cooling air passes through the heat exchanger. Since the position to be changed does not change, the amount of air passing through the entire heat exchanger cannot be changed. In addition, a high-performance motor is required to drive the cooling fan at a high speed. When the rotational speed of the cooling fan is increased, the noise of the machine also increases.

  In addition, the invention described in Patent Document 3 improves the cooling capacity of the heat exchanger on the downstream side by providing a plurality of air suction ports in the cover. However, an interval is provided between the heat exchangers. There is a problem that the installation space of the cooling device becomes large.

  Therefore, when arranging a plurality of heat exchangers, without increasing the number of cooling fans or driving the cooling fans at a high speed, and improving the cooling capacity and cleaning work while making the installation space of the heat exchanger compact. The technical problem which should be solved in order to make a property easy arises, and this invention aims at solving this problem.

The present invention has been proposed to achieve the above object, and the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that at least some of the plurality of heat exchangers provided in front of the cooling fan do not overlap. A cooling device for a construction machine arranged,
While forming the ventilation position of the cooling fan to be vertically changeable ,
In the cooling device of the construction machine formed so that the blowing direction of the cooling fan can be changed ,
Detecting means for detecting the refrigerant temperature of the heat exchanger; and a changing means for changing the blowing position or blowing direction of the cooling fan; and operating the changing means according to detection information of the detecting means; There is provided a cooling device for a construction machine provided with a control means for automatically changing a blowing position or a blowing direction of the cooling fan .

  If a cooling fan is moved and a ventilation position is changed, the air volume of the cooling air introduced into the other part of a heat exchanger or a specific heat exchanger will increase.

  If the direction of the cooling fan is changed to change the air blowing direction, the amount of cooling air introduced into another part of the heat exchanger or a specific heat exchanger increases.

  When it is desired to detect the refrigerant temperature of the heat exchanger by the detecting means and improve the cooling capacity of the heat exchanger, the changing means is operated based on the detected refrigerant temperature, for example, one of the plurality of heat exchangers. The cooling fan is automatically moved to the part where the parts are not overlapped or the part of the specific heat exchanger to change the air blowing position, or the direction of the cooling fan is automatically changed to change the air blowing direction. change.

In the first aspect of the present invention, the air blowing position of the cooling fan is formed so as to be changeable in the vertical direction . Therefore, the air blowing position of the cooling fan is moved to another part of the heat exchanger or a specific heat exchanger. The cooling capacity of the heat exchanger can be improved.

Since the present invention is formed so that the air blowing direction of the cooling fan can be changed, the air blowing direction of the cooling fan is changed to another part of the heat exchanger or a specific heat exchanger, so that the cooling capacity of the specific heat exchanger is increased. Can be improved.

According to the present invention, since the detecting means for detecting the refrigerant temperature of the heat exchanger and the changing means for changing the blowing position or the blowing direction of the cooling fan are provided, the cooling fan blows based on the detected refrigerant temperature. If the position or the air blowing direction is changed, for example, the amount of cooling air introduced automatically into a part of a plurality of heat exchangers that are not overlapped or a part of a specific heat exchanger is automatically increased. The cooling capacity of a specific heat exchanger can be improved.

  The construction machine cooling apparatus according to the present invention will be described below with reference to preferred embodiments. The purpose of improving the cooling capacity and facilitating cleaning work without increasing the number of cooling fans or driving the cooling fans at a high speed and making the installation space for the heat exchanger compact is In the cooling device of the construction machine in which at least a part of the plurality of heat exchangers provided in is not overlapped, the air blowing position or the air blowing direction of the cooling fan can be changed. It was realized.

  Embodiment 1 will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 show a hydraulic excavator 10 as an example of a construction machine, and an upper swing body 13 is mounted on a lower traveling body 11 via a swing mechanism 12 so as to be rotatable. The upper swing body 13 is provided with a cab 14 on one front side thereof, and a boom 15 is attached to the front center portion so as to be able to be raised and lowered. Further, an arm 16 is attached to the tip of the boom 15 so as to be rotatable up and down, and a bucket 17 is attached to the tip of the arm 16. Further, an engine 18 is mounted laterally on the rear part of the upper swing body 13, and a cooling device 21 including a cooling fan 20 that is rotated by the power of the motor 19 is attached to the front part of the engine 18. Yes. The engine 18 and the cooling device 21 are covered with a house cover 30.

  FIG. 3 shows details of the cooling device 21, and the motor 19 for driving the cooling fan 20 may be either an electric type or a hydraulic type, and the side portion of the motor 19 is a guide fixed to the frame 22. The plate 23 is fixed to the guide groove 24 by a fastening means such as a bolt 25. As will be described later, when the bolt 25 is loosened, the motor 19 is released from being fixed, and the motor 19 can move in the vertical direction along the guide groove 24.

  A plurality of heat exchangers are provided in front of the cooling fan 20. For example, the intercooler 26, the oil cooler 27, and the radiator 28 are sequentially arranged from the upstream side to the downstream side in the direction in which the cooling air indicated by the arrow A flows. And each heat exchanger is provided in series with the flow of the cooling air. For convenience of explanation, hereinafter, the upstream side (left side in the drawing) through which the cooling air flows is defined as the front direction, and the downstream side (right side in the drawing) is defined as the rear direction.

  Here, the size of the intercooler 26 and the oil cooler 27 is smaller than that of the radiator 28, and a part of the heat exchanger is arranged without overlapping when viewed from the direction in which the cooling air flows. Therefore, as shown by the arrow B, a part of the cooling air does not pass through the upstream heat exchanger (intercooler 26 and oil cooler 27), and the air that is not heated is the downstream heat exchanger (radiator 28). Introduced directly into. In the state shown in the figure, the motor 19 is fixed at the upper position of the guide plate 23, so that the blowing position of the cooling fan 20 is set at the upper position of the cooling device 21. For this reason, the cooling air indicated by the arrow B is introduced into the radiator 28 in a state of natural intake rather than forced intake by rotation of the cooling fan 20.

  In order to improve the cooling capacity of the radiator 28, the bolts 25 described above are loosened to release the fixing of the motor 19, and the motor 19 is moved downward along the guide groove 24. Then, as shown by a two-dot chain line, the motor 19 is fixed at a position where the radiator 28 does not overlap the intercooler 26 and the oil cooler 27 when viewed from the direction in which the cooling air flows. In such a state, when the motor 19 is driven to rotate the cooling fan 20, the cooling air indicated by the arrow B is introduced into the radiator 28 in a forced intake state. That is, since the air volume of the cooling air that is not heated and does not pass through the intercooler 26 and the oil cooler 27 is increased and introduced into the radiator 28, the cooling capacity of the radiator 28 is improved.

  Thus, the cooling capacity of the other part of a heat exchanger or a specific heat exchanger can be improved by changing the ventilation position of the cooling fan 20.

  Next, Example 2 will be described with reference to FIG. For convenience of explanation, the same components as those described in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. The bottom of the motor 19 that drives the cooling fan 20 is mounted on a turning device 29 fixed to the frame 22. As will be described later, when the motor 19 and the cooling fan 20 are horizontally rotated through the turning device 29, the direction of the cooling fan 20 is changed and the blowing direction is changed.

  A plurality of heat exchangers are provided in front of the cooling fan 20 so as to be parallel to the cooling fan 20. That is, the radiator 28a, the intercooler 26a, and the oil cooler 27a are sequentially arranged so that the heat exchangers do not overlap each other when viewed from the direction in which the cooling air flows, substantially along the circumference centering on the turning device 29. is there.

  As indicated by the solid line in the figure, when the direction of the cooling fan 20 is biased toward the radiator 28a, the cooling air indicated by the arrow C is introduced into the radiator 28a and the intercooler 26a in a forced intake state. Therefore, the cooling capacity of the radiator 28a is improved. On the other hand, when the direction of the cooling fan 20 is biased toward the oil cooler 27a as shown by a two-dot chain line in the figure, the oil cooler is in the state of forced air intake as indicated by the arrow D. Since it is introduced into 27a and the intercooler 26a, the cooling capacity of the oil cooler 27a is improved.

  Thus, the cooling capability of the other part of a heat exchanger or a specific heat exchanger can be improved by changing the ventilation direction of the cooling fan 20. FIG.

  Next, Example 3 will be described with reference to FIG. For convenience of explanation, the same components as those described in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. The difference from the first embodiment is that a temperature sensor 31 for detecting the temperature of the cooling water cooled by the radiator 28 and a hydraulic cylinder 32 for moving the motor 19 and the cooling fan 20 up and down are provided.

  The rod 33 of the hydraulic cylinder 32 is connected to a bracket 34 fixed to the lower portion of the motor 19, and the rod 33 moves the motor 19 up and down via the bracket 34 by driving the hydraulic cylinder 32 to extend and contract. Thus, the air blowing position of the cooling fan 20 is formed to move up and down.

  Further, the detection signal of the temperature sensor 31 is input to the control unit 35, and the cooling capacity of the radiator 28 is determined. When it is determined that the cooling capacity of the radiator 28 is sufficiently large, or when it is desired to improve the cooling capacity of the intercooler 26 and the oil cooler 27 installed in front of the radiator 28, control is performed by a control signal from the control unit 35. The valve 36 is switched, and the hydraulic cylinder 32 is driven to extend. When this occurs, the air blowing position of the cooling fan 20 rises integrally with the motor 19, and the cooling air indicated by the arrow A is forcibly sucked by the rotation of the cooling fan 20, passes through the intercooler 26 and the oil cooler 27, and the radiator. 28.

  On the other hand, when the control unit 35 determines that the cooling capacity of the radiator 28 is insufficient based on the detection signal of the temperature sensor 31, the control valve 36 is switched by the control signal from the control unit 35, and the hydraulic cylinder 32 is driven to contract. At that time, the blowing position of the cooling fan 20 is lowered integrally with the motor 19, and the cooling air indicated by the arrow B is forcibly sucked into the radiator 28 by the rotation of the cooling fan 20. Accordingly, since the amount of cooling air that does not pass through the intercooler 26 and the oil cooler 27 and is not heated is increased and directly introduced into the radiator 28, the cooling capacity of the radiator 28 is improved.

  In this way, by driving the hydraulic cylinder 32 to extend and contract according to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 31, the air blowing position of the cooling fan 20 can be automatically changed to obtain the optimum cooling capacity.

  In addition, although illustration is abbreviate | omitted, while making it possible to drive the turning apparatus shown in FIG. 4 with a motor etc., a temperature sensor is provided in a radiator or an oil cooler, and a turning apparatus is driven according to the detected temperature of this temperature sensor. Thus, it is possible to automatically change the air blowing direction of the cooling fan to obtain an optimum cooling capacity.

  Thus, the present invention can be variously modified without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the present invention naturally extends to the modified ones.

The side view of a hydraulic excavator which shows Example 1. FIG. The rear view of the hydraulic shovel which shows Example 1. FIG. The side view of the cooling device provided with the cooling fan which shows Example 1 and can move up and down. The top view of the cooling device which showed Example 2 and was provided with the cooling fan which can be rotated horizontally. The side view of the cooling device which showed Example 3 and was equipped with the cooling fan which can raise / lower automatically. Control circuit diagram of the cooling device shown in FIG. The side view of a cooling device which shows a prior art.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Hydraulic excavator 19 Motor 20 Cooling fan 21 Cooling device 21a Cooling device 23 Guide plate 24 Guide groove 25 Bolt 26 Intercooler 26a Intercooler 27 Oil cooler 27a Oil cooler 28 Radiator 28a Radiator 29 Turning device 31 Temperature sensor (detection means)
32 Hydraulic cylinder (change means)
35 Control unit (control means)

Claims (1)

Among the plurality of heat exchanger provided in front of the cooling fan, a cooling system for a construction machine arranged without overlapping at least a portion,
While forming the ventilation position of the cooling fan to be vertically changeable ,
In the cooling device of the construction machine formed so that the blowing direction of the cooling fan can be changed ,
Detecting means for detecting the refrigerant temperature of the heat exchanger; and a changing means for changing the blowing position or blowing direction of the cooling fan; and operating the changing means according to detection information of the detecting means; A cooling device for a construction machine, comprising control means for automatically changing a blowing position or a blowing direction of the cooling fan.

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