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JP4174227B2 - Solar cell module - Google Patents

Solar cell module Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4174227B2
JP4174227B2 JP2002086551A JP2002086551A JP4174227B2 JP 4174227 B2 JP4174227 B2 JP 4174227B2 JP 2002086551 A JP2002086551 A JP 2002086551A JP 2002086551 A JP2002086551 A JP 2002086551A JP 4174227 B2 JP4174227 B2 JP 4174227B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
solar cell
solar
cell module
cells
solar cells
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Expired - Fee Related
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JP2002086551A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2003282916A (en
Inventor
耕司 後藤
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Kyocera Corp
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Kyocera Corp
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50Photovoltaic [PV] energy

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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は電気的に直列接続あるいは直並列接続した複数の太陽電池セルを有する太陽電池モジュールに関し、特に太陽電池セルの出力電流をバイパスさせるバイパスダイオードを有する太陽電池モジュールに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来の太陽電池モジュールを図および図に示す。図および図において、1は太陽電池モジュール、2は透光性パネル、3はバックシート、4は太陽電池セル、5は透光性接着剤である。複数の太陽電池セル4を直列あるいは直並列に接続して行と列からなるマトリックス状に配列している。複数の太陽電池セル4を透光性接着材5としてのエチレンビニルアセテート(EVA)樹脂によって固定し、その表面側をガラスなどから成る透光性パネル2で覆うとともに、裏面側に耐候性のあるバックシート3を設けて構成されている。
【0003】
そして、図に示すように、直列あるいは直並列に接続した太陽電池セル2で複数の太陽電池群6(6a、6b、6c)を構成し、これら複数の太陽電池群6a、6b、6cを直列に接続するとともに、太陽電池群6の電気的出力を取り出すために、両端の太陽電池群6a、6cから出力を取り出すようにしている。そのため、両端の太陽電池群6a、6cが端子ボックス8に接続されている。また、各太陽電池群6には複数の太陽電池保護用バイパスダイオード7が並列に接続されており、太陽電池モジュール1の一方側の端部から端子ボックス8内に設置してあるバイパスダイオード7に並列に接続されている。
【0004】
バイパスダイオード7は、太陽電池セ2を破損などから保護するために設ける。すなわち、太陽電池群6内の一部の太陽電池セル2が影になった場合に、出力低下を引き起こすとともに太陽電池セル2に逆バイアスが加わってそのセル2が過熱して太陽電池セル2を破損したり、火災を引き起こす原因になることから、太陽電池セル2の逆バイアスを解放し、太陽電池セル2を逆バイアスによる破損から保護するものである。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところが、太陽電池セルに逆バイアスが印加されたときの発熱量は、太陽電池群6内の太陽電池セル2の直列数に大きく影響し、一つの太陽電池群6内の太陽電池セル2の枚数は発熱量により制限される。したがって、バイパスダイオード7を接続しなければならない太陽電池セル2の枚数によって太陽電池モジュールの大きさが制限されるという問題があった。すなわち、従来の太陽電池モジュールでは、バイパスダイオード7を太陽電池モジュールの一方の端部から接続しているため、太陽電池モジュール1は、太陽電池セル2の列方向または行方向には、一往復して直列接続できる枚数までの大きさにしかできなかった。一般的に太陽電池群6a、6b、6cの取りうるセル枚数は5〜30枚程度である。
【0006】
本発明は、このような問題点に鑑みてなされたものであり、一つの太陽電池群の太陽電池セルの枚数によっては太陽電池モジュールの大きさが制限されない自由度の高いマトリクス配列を有する太陽電池モジュールを提供することを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記目的を達成するために、本発明に係る太陽電池モジュールは、透光性パネルの裏面側に複数の太陽電池セルをマトリクスに配設して、この複数の太陽電池セル毎に直列または並列接続した複数の太陽電池群を形成し、この複数の太陽電池群を直列に接続するとともに各太陽電池群に前記太陽電池セルの裏面側に形成された端子ボックス内に収納されたバイパスダイオードを並列接続した矩形状の太陽電池モジュールにおいて、前記いずれかの太陽電池群の太陽電池セルは、他の太陽電池群の直列接続された太陽電池セルの往復方向に配置されており、かつこの太陽電池群は他の太陽電池群の太陽電池セルの裏面側を経由して前記端子ボックス内のパイパスダイオードに接続されていることを特徴とする。
【0009】
また、上記太陽電池モジュールでは、前記他の太陽電池群の裏面側に絶縁フィルムを配設して、この絶縁フィルムの裏面側を経由して前記いずれかの太陽電池群と前記バイパスダイオードを接続することが望ましい。
【0010】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明に係る太陽電池モジュールの実施形態を説明する。
図1は、本発明に係る太陽電池モジュールの一実施形態を示す図、図2は同じく太陽電池モジュールを裏面側から見た図である。本発明に係る太陽電池モジュールでも太陽電池セルの封止構造は図11に示す従来の太陽電池モジュールの構造と同じである。すなわち、太陽電池モジュール1はガラス等の絶縁透明体からなる透光性パネル2と、PET等を樹脂フィルム(例えばPVF(ポリビニルフタレート)でサンドイッチした3層構造のバックシート3と、これらの間に、行と列からなるマトリクス状に配列される複数の太陽電池セル4を備えるものである。そして封止材として透光性パネル2と太陽電池セル4、および太陽電池セル4とバックシート3との各間に充填され、相互の位置関係を固定し、封止するEVA等の透光性接着剤5を備えている。そして透光性パネル2およびバックシート3の外周にはAl等からなるフレーム6が取り付けられている。また、図3に示すように、太陽電池モジュール1の裏面側においては、バックシート3の外周部より内側に、太陽電池4からの出力を導出する端子ボックス8を備えている。そしてこの端子ボックス8から正極、負極の出力線10a、10bが導出されている。
【0011】
図3に図1に示す太陽電池モジュールの等価回路を示す。複数の太陽電池セル4を行と列からなるマトリクス状に配設し、この複数の太陽電池セル4毎に直列または並列接続した複数の太陽電池群6(6a、6b、6c)を形成している。第二の太陽電池群6bの太陽電池セル4は、第一の太陽電池群6aと第二の太陽電池群6cの太陽電池セル4の列の延長線上に配置されており、太陽電池群6a、6cの太陽電池セル4の列の延長線上にまたがって第二の太陽電池群6bの太陽電池セル4が配置されている。
【0012】
複数の太陽電池群6a、6b、6cは直列に接続している。すなわち、第一の太陽電池群6aの一方端が端子ボックス8内の一方の端子12aに接続され、第一の太陽電池群6aと第二の太陽電池群6bを配線14aで接続し、第二の太陽電池群6bと第三の太陽電池群6cを配線14bで接続し、第三の太陽電池群の他方端を端子ボックス8内の他方の端子12bに接続している。
【0013】
また、配線14aから分岐して配線15aが接続され、配線14bから分岐して配線15bが接続されている。この配線15a、15bは、それれ端子ボックス7内のバイパスダイオード11間に接続される。したがって、各太陽電池群6a、6b、6cに並列にバイパスダイオード11がそれぞれ接続されることになる。
【0014】
第二の太陽電池群6bをバイパスダイオード11に接続するための配線15a、15bは、他の太陽電池群、すなわち第一の太陽電池群6aと第二の太陽電池群6bの裏面側を経由して端子ボックス7内のパイパスダイオード11に接続されている。
【0015】
は図1中の線断面図、図は図1中の線断面図である。図に示すように、まず第二の太陽電池群6b内の太陽電池セル4に接続された配線15aを絶縁フィルム16上に位置するように、横方向に引き出す。次に、配線15a、15bを他の太陽電池群6a、6cに属する太陽電池セル4の裏面側に配設された絶縁フィルム17を介して上方に引き出し、太陽電池モジュールの裏面側に設けられた端子ボックス7内のバイパス用ダイオード11の端子に接続する。
【0016】
図6は端子ボックス7内を示す図である。端子ボックス7内に3個のバイパスダイオード11(11a、11b、11c)が設けられ、二個目のダイオード11bのアノード端子とカソード端子間に、第二の太陽電池群6bに接続された配線14a、14bが接続されている。第一の太陽電池群6aに接続された配線13aは第一のバイパスダイオード11aのカソード側に接続され、第三の太陽電池群6cに接続された配線13bは第三のバイパスダイオード11cのアノード側に接続されている。
【0017】
すなわち、第1太陽電池群6aと第2太陽電池群6bをブロック分けする配線14aは図3のマトリクス上の12行目の1列目と2列目の太陽電池セル背面電極15との間で、行方向に平行に接続される。この配線14aは、図4で示す端子ボックス7のダイオード11aのカソード側、ダイオード11bのアノード側の端子10bに接続する。また、第2太陽電池群6bと第3太陽電池群6cをブロック分けする配線14bはマトリクス上の13行目の3列目と4列目の太陽電池セル背面電極15との間で、行方向に平行に接続される(図4参照)。
【0018】
この配線14bは、図6の端子ボックス7のダイオード11bのカソード側、ダイオード11cのアノード側である端子10cと接続する。また、図5に示すように、内部配線14a、14bは太陽電池セル4の背面側を通過するため、絶縁部材16により電気的短絡を防ぐ構造をとなっている。
【0019】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、本発明に係る太陽電池モジュールによれば、いずれかの太陽電池群の太陽電池セルは、他の太陽電池群の太陽電池セルの列の延長線上に配置されており、かつこの太陽電池群は他の太陽電池群の裏面側を経由して端子ボックス内のパイパスダイオードに接続されることから、バイパスダイオードに並列接続された太陽電池群内の枚数によってマトリクスの配列が制限されることがなく、自由に配列することが可能となり、太陽電池モージュルの大きさや形状も自由に設計できるようになる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る太陽電池モジュールを示す図である。
【図2】本発明に係る太陽電池モジュールの背面側を示す図である。
【図3】図1の太陽電池モジュールの等価回路を示す図である。
【図4】図1のA−A線断面図である。
【図5】図1のB−B線断面図である。
【図6】本発明に係る太陽電池モジュールの端子ボックス部を示す図である。
【図7】従来の太陽電池モジュールを示す図である。
【図8】図9中のA−A線断面図である。
【図9】従来の太陽電池モジュールの等価回路を示す図である。
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a solar cell module having a plurality of solar cells electrically connected in series or series-parallel, and more particularly to a solar cell module having a bypass diode that bypasses the output current of the solar cells.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The conventional solar cell module shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 , 1 is a solar cell module, 2 is a translucent panel, 3 is a back sheet, 4 is a solar cell, and 5 is a translucent adhesive. A plurality of solar cells 4 are connected in series or in series and parallel and arranged in a matrix consisting of rows and columns. A plurality of solar cells 4 are fixed with ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) resin as a translucent adhesive 5, and the front side is covered with a translucent panel 2 made of glass or the like, and the back side is weatherproof. A back sheet 3 is provided.
[0003]
Then, as shown in FIG. 9 , a plurality of solar cell groups 6 (6a, 6b, 6c) are constituted by the solar cells 2 connected in series or in series and parallel, and the plurality of solar cell groups 6a, 6b, 6c are combined. While connecting in series, in order to take out the electrical output of the solar cell group 6, outputs are taken out from the solar cell groups 6a and 6c at both ends. Therefore, the solar cell groups 6 a and 6 c at both ends are connected to the terminal box 8. A plurality of solar cell protection bypass diodes 7 are connected in parallel to each solar cell group 6, and the bypass diodes 7 installed in the terminal box 8 from one end of the solar cell module 1 are connected to each solar cell group 6. Connected in parallel.
[0004]
Bypass diode 7 is provided in order to protect against such damage to the solar cell cell Le 2. That is, when some of the solar cells 2 in the solar cell group 6 are shaded, the output is reduced and a reverse bias is applied to the solar cells 2 to overheat the solar cells 2. Since it causes damage or causes a fire, the reverse bias of the solar battery cell 2 is released to protect the solar battery cell 2 from damage due to the reverse bias.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the amount of heat generated when a reverse bias is applied to the solar cells greatly affects the number of solar cells 2 in series in the solar cell group 6, and the number of solar cells 2 in one solar cell group 6. Is limited by the amount of heat generated. Therefore, there is a problem that the size of the solar cell module is limited by the number of solar cells 2 to which the bypass diode 7 must be connected. That is, in the conventional solar cell module, since the bypass diode 7 is connected from one end of the solar cell module, the solar cell module 1 reciprocates once in the column direction or row direction of the solar cells 2. It could only be as large as the number that could be connected in series. In general, the solar cell groups 6a, 6b, 6c can take about 5 to 30 cells.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and a solar cell having a highly flexible matrix arrangement in which the size of the solar cell module is not limited by the number of solar cells in one solar cell group. The purpose is to provide modules.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
To achieve the above object, a solar cell module according to the present invention, by arranging a plurality of solar cells between Torikusu on the back side of the translucent panel, in series or in parallel for each of the plurality of solar cells A plurality of connected solar cell groups are formed, the plurality of solar cell groups are connected in series, and a bypass diode housed in a terminal box formed on the back side of the solar cell is connected in parallel to each solar cell group In the connected rectangular solar battery module, the solar battery cells of any one of the solar battery groups are arranged in the reciprocating direction of the solar battery cells connected in series of the other solar battery groups, and this solar battery group Is connected to the bypass diode in the terminal box via the back surface side of the solar battery cell of the other solar battery group.
[0009]
In the solar cell module, an insulating film is disposed on the back surface side of the other solar cell group, and any of the solar cell groups and the bypass diode are connected via the back surface side of the insulating film. It is desirable.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the solar cell module according to the present invention will be described.
FIG. 1 is a view showing an embodiment of a solar cell module according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a view of the solar cell module as seen from the back side. Even in the solar battery module according to the present invention, the sealing structure of the solar battery cell is the same as the structure of the conventional solar battery module shown in FIG. That is, the solar cell module 1 includes a translucent panel 2 made of an insulating transparent material such as glass, a back sheet 3 having a three-layer structure in which PET or the like is sandwiched between resin films (for example, PVF (polyvinyl phthalate)), and a gap between them. And a plurality of solar cells 4 arranged in a matrix of rows and columns, and a translucent panel 2 and solar cells 4, and solar cells 4 and a back sheet 3 as a sealing material. It is provided with a translucent adhesive 5 such as EVA, which is filled between each of the above, fixing the positional relationship between each other, and sealing. A frame 6 is attached, and, as shown in Fig. 3, on the back side of the solar cell module 1, an output from the solar cell 4 is provided on the inner side of the outer periphery of the back sheet 3. And a terminal box 8 for deriving. The positive electrode from the terminal box 8, the negative pole of the output line 10a, 10b is derived.
[0011]
FIG. 3 shows an equivalent circuit of the solar cell module shown in FIG. A plurality of solar cells 4 are arranged in a matrix of rows and columns, and a plurality of solar cell groups 6 (6a, 6b, 6c) connected in series or in parallel for each of the plurality of solar cells 4 are formed. Yes. The solar cells 4 of the second solar cell group 6b are arranged on an extension line of the first solar cell group 6a and the solar cell cells 4 of the second solar cell group 6c, and the solar cell group 6a, The solar cells 4 of the second solar cell group 6b are arranged across the extended line of the row of the solar cells 4 of 6c.
[0012]
The plurality of solar cell groups 6a, 6b, 6c are connected in series. That is, one end of the first solar cell group 6a is connected to one terminal 12a in the terminal box 8, the first solar cell group 6a and the second solar cell group 6b are connected by the wiring 14a, and the second The solar cell group 6b and the third solar cell group 6c are connected by a wiring 14b, and the other end of the third solar cell group is connected to the other terminal 12b in the terminal box 8.
[0013]
In addition, the wiring 15a is branched from the wiring 14a, and the wiring 15b is branched from the wiring 14b. The wiring 15a, 15b, it respectively are connected between the bypass diode 11 in the terminal box 7. Therefore, the bypass diode 11 is connected in parallel to each solar cell group 6a, 6b, 6c.
[0014]
Wirings 15a and 15b for connecting the second solar cell group 6b to the bypass diode 11 pass through other solar cell groups, that is, the back surfaces of the first solar cell group 6a and the second solar cell group 6b. Are connected to the bypass diode 11 in the terminal box 7.
[0015]
Figure 4 is 1 A in the figure - A line sectional view, Fig. 5 B in FIG. 1 - a B line cross-sectional view. As shown in FIG. 5 , first, the wiring 15 a connected to the solar battery cell 4 in the second solar battery group 6 b is pulled out in the lateral direction so as to be positioned on the insulating film 16. Then, pull it upward through the wiring 15a, 15b of the other solar cell group 6a, the insulating film 17 disposed on the rear surface side of the solar cell 4 belongs to 6c, provided on the back surface side of the solar cell module The terminal box 7 is connected to the terminal of the bypass diode 11.
[0016]
FIG. 6 is a view showing the inside of the terminal box 7. Three bypass diodes 11 (11a, 11b, 11c) are provided in the terminal box 7, and a wiring 14a connected to the second solar cell group 6b between the anode terminal and the cathode terminal of the second diode 11b. , 14b are connected. The wiring 13a connected to the first solar cell group 6a is connected to the cathode side of the first bypass diode 11a, and the wiring 13b connected to the third solar cell group 6c is the anode side of the third bypass diode 11c. It is connected to the.
[0017]
That is, the wiring 14a that divides the first solar cell group 6a and the second solar cell group 6b between the first and second solar cell back electrodes 15 in the twelfth row on the matrix of FIG. Are connected in parallel to the row direction. The wiring 14a is connected to the terminal 10b on the cathode side of the diode 11a and the anode side of the diode 11b in the terminal box 7 shown in FIG. In addition, the wiring 14b that divides the second solar cell group 6b and the third solar cell group 6c into blocks is arranged in the row direction between the third and fourth solar cell back electrodes 15 in the thirteenth row on the matrix. (See FIG. 4).
[0018]
The wiring 14b is connected to the terminal 10c on the cathode side of the diode 11b and the anode side of the diode 11c in the terminal box 7 of FIG. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, since the internal wirings 14 a and 14 b pass through the back side of the solar battery cell 4, the insulating member 16 prevents the electrical short circuit.
[0019]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the solar cell module according to the present invention, the solar cells of any of the solar cell groups are arranged on the extension line of the solar cell columns of the other solar cell groups, and this Since the solar cell group is connected to the bypass diode in the terminal box via the back side of the other solar cell group, the arrangement of the matrix is limited by the number of solar cell groups connected in parallel to the bypass diode. Therefore, the solar cell module can be freely designed in size and shape.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a view showing a solar cell module according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a view showing a back side of a solar cell module according to the present invention.
3 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of the solar cell module of FIG. 1. FIG.
4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
5 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.
FIG. 6 is a view showing a terminal box portion of a solar cell module according to the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a view showing a conventional solar cell module.
8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing an equivalent circuit of a conventional solar cell module.

Claims (2)

透光性パネルの裏面側に複数の太陽電池セルをマトリクスに配設して、この複数の太陽電池セル毎に直列または並列接続した複数の太陽電池群を形成し、この複数の太陽電池群を直列に接続するとともに各太陽電池群に前記太陽電池セルの裏面側に形成された端子ボックス内に収納されたバイパスダイオードを並列接続した矩形状の太陽電池モジュールにおいて、前記いずれかの太陽電池群の太陽電池セルは、他の太陽電池群の直列接続された太陽電池セルの往復方向に配置されており、かつこの太陽電池群は他の太陽電池群の太陽電池セルの裏面側を経由して前記端子ボックス内のパイパスダイオードに接続されていることを特徴とする太陽電池モジュール。 A plurality of solar cells on the back side of the translucent panel disposed between Torikusu to form a plurality of solar cell groups in series or parallel connected to each the plurality of solar cells, the plurality of solar cell groups In a rectangular solar cell module in which bypass diodes housed in a terminal box formed on the back surface side of the solar cell are connected in parallel to each solar cell group, in any of the solar cell groups The solar cells are arranged in the reciprocating direction of the solar cells connected in series with the other solar cells, and the solar cells pass through the back side of the solar cells of the other solar cells. A solar cell module, wherein the solar cell module is connected to a bypass diode in the terminal box. 前記他の太陽電池群の裏面側に絶縁フィルムを配設して、この絶縁フィルムの裏面側を経由して前記いずれかの太陽電池群と前記バイパスダイオードを接続することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の太陽電池モジュール。2. An insulating film is disposed on the back surface side of the other solar cell group, and any one of the solar cell groups and the bypass diode are connected via the back surface side of the insulating film. The solar cell module according to.
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