JP4146774B2 - Garbage truck - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a cleaning vehicle that collects earth and sand, garbage, and the like (garbage) on a ground surface such as a road or a park.

A conventional road sweeper sweeps dirt and dirt on the road surface with a brush, sucks it with a blower, and collects it in a hopper. This type of road sweeper has a water storage tank that sprays water on the road surface and in the vicinity of the brush to prevent dust from rising during cleaning, and a suction port to prevent dust from being discharged from the exhaust port. Water is also sprayed in the vicinity (see Patent Document 1).
Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-39201

  A road sweeper collects a large amount of water during cleaning, along with dirt and dirt collected to spray a large amount of water on the road surface or in the vicinity of a brush or a suction port. Also, when cleaning the road surface immediately after the rain, earth and sand wet with rain are collected. For this reason, a large amount of water is taken into the hopper together with earth and sand and garbage. As a result, a large amount of water collected together with earth and sand and garbage accumulates in the hopper, and the collected material becomes bulky. As a result, there is an inconvenience that the amount of earth and sand collected is limited to less than the capacity of the hopper.

  In addition, since a large amount of water is contained in the collected material, it takes time to drain the water when the collected material is discharged from the hopper. In addition to this, there is a drawback that a large cost is required for the processing of the collected material and the water reduction processing of the collected material. In particular, when cleaning road surfaces with a lot of moisture, such as in the rainy weather or immediately after the rain, a large amount of water enters the hopper together with the collected material because the soil and sand to be collected contains a large amount of moisture. The efficiency of the collection work becomes worse, the hopper is filled with a large amount of water, and it becomes impossible to collect garbage any more.

  In such a situation, the reality is that the cleaning work is absent or cannot be performed. However, there was a situation that the demand for cleaning was stronger in this situation.

  Moreover, since the water for watering is stored in the water storage tank, if there is no water in the tank, cleaning work cannot be performed. For this reason, a large water storage tank is provided, or a water supply vehicle or the like tracks the cleaning vehicle to prepare for replenishment.

  The present invention has been made paying attention to the above-mentioned problems, and the object of the present invention is to clean the hopper so that the collected amount of the hopper is not restricted by the moisture even when the moisture is collected together with the earth and sand. To provide a car.

The present invention provides a hopper for storing collected garbage, a hopper door provided at a garbage discharge port of the hopper, and attached to the hopper door, and disposed in the hopper when the hopper door is closed. A hollow filter that separates moisture from the collected garbage in the hopper and takes the moisture into the internal space; and a pump that is connected in communication with the filter and sucks and drains the water in the filter. A cleaning vehicle characterized by comprising:
The present invention also provides a hopper for storing collected garbage, a hopper door provided at a garbage discharge port of the hopper, and a hopper door attached to the hopper door and disposed in the hopper when the hopper door is closed. A cylindrical rotatable filter that separates moisture from the collected garbage in the hopper and takes the moisture into the internal space, and a drive device that is attached to the hopper door and that drives the filter to rotate. A cleaning vehicle comprising: a pump attached to the hopper door, connected to and connected to the filter, and sucking and draining the water in the filter.
Preferably, a scraper is provided in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of the filter when the filter rotates. In addition, a switching valve is provided in the discharge path of the pump so that the pump discharge path can be selectively connected to a water storage tank and a waste nozzle of the cleaning vehicle.

  In the present invention, the water is separated from the waste collected in the hopper by a hollow filter arranged in the hopper, and the water is taken into the drain and drained. Therefore, from the waste collected in the hopper The water can be efficiently removed and the water removal mechanism can be configured compactly. Therefore, the amount of garbage collected by the hopper is not limited by moisture. Further, the collected material is reduced in water, and the cost of the collected material can be reduced. Furthermore, even when the road surface with a lot of moisture is cleaned in the rain or immediately after the rain, the cleaning work can be performed efficiently. In addition, since the filter that separates the water from the garbage collected in the hopper is cylindrical, its shape is compact, and the water is filtered from the entire circumference of the filter. Will increase. In the type in which the filter is used while rotating, it is possible to further increase the water overefficiency and maintain high filtration efficiency. Further, in the type in which the filter is used while being rotated and the scraper is brought into sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of the filter, it is possible to further increase the water overefficiency and maintain high filtration efficiency. For this reason, the necessity for maintenance is reduced during the work, and the efficiency of the cleaning work can be improved. In addition, in the case where the filter and the pump are attached to the hopper door, the hose connecting the both can be shortened and the like can be made compact, and the hose etc. needs to be expanded / contracted or bent as the hopper door is opened / closed. Disappears. In addition, when the filter and the pump are attached to the hopper door, the peripheral members may be assembled to the hopper door, so that the present invention can also be applied to an existing cleaning vehicle. Further, when the hopper door is opened, the filter can be retracted from the hopper discharge port, so that it does not interfere with the operation of discharging garbage from the hopper. If the pump discharge path is connected to a water storage tank and the water is collected, the water separated from the garbage can be reused. There are many cases where preparation is not required, and cleaning can be performed economically.

  A cleaning vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a road cleaning vehicle 1. A cab 3 is mounted on the front portion of the vehicle body frame 2 of the road cleaning vehicle 1, and a machine shell 4 is mounted on the rear portion of the cab 3. The machine shell 4 includes a cleaning device 5, a hopper 6, and a water storage tank 7.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the hopper 6 and the water storage tank 7 are disposed behind the cleaning device unit 5. The hopper 6 and the water storage tank 7 are formed by vertically dividing the inside of the machine shell 4 by a partition wall 9, and the hopper 6 is positioned above the water storage tank 7. The partition wall 9 is disposed obliquely so as to gently descend toward the rear garbage discharge port 10.

  The machine shell 4 is rotatably supported with respect to the vehicle body frame 2 by a rotating shaft 11, and when the garbage collected in the hopper 6 is discharged from the hopper 6, the entire hopper 6 and the water storage tank 7 are rotated. The hopper 6 can be tilted by moving.

  The lower part of the body frame 2 is equipped with a suction box 12 for sucking up garbage as shown in FIG. 1, and this suction box 12 is connected to an upper region in the hopper 6 via a flexible suction hose 13. Communicating with An air exhaust passage 15 communicating with the suction blower 14 of the cleaning device 5 is formed in the ceiling portion of the hopper 6. A screen element 16 is stretched at the entrance of the exhaust path 15. The air exhaust port 17 of the suction blower 14 opens to the outside at the ceiling of the shell 4.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a sweeping brush 18, a gutta brush 19, and a suction brush 20 for performing a cleaning operation are provided at the lower part of the body frame 2. The suction box 12, the sweeping brush 18 and the gutta brush 19 are supported so as to be movable up and down with respect to the vehicle body frame 2. The suction brush 20 is supported by the suction box 12. The suction box 12 is equipped with driving assist wheels 21.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the suction box 12, the gutta brush 19 and the suction brush 20 are provided with a watering nozzle 22, and the watering nozzle 23 is provided at a lower part of the front part of the vehicle. The cleaning unit 5 is provided with a water supply pump (not shown) for supplying water to the watering nozzles 22 and 23 using the water in the water storage tank 7.

  As shown in FIG. 3, an opening of the garbage discharge port 10 of the collection chamber 31 is formed on the back surface of the hopper 6. Normally, the opening of the garbage discharge port 10 is closed by a hopper door (discharge door) 32. Yes. The upper end of the hopper door 32 is pivotally attached to the hinge 34 provided on the outer surface of the shell portion of the hopper 6, so that the lower portion can be opened largely outward with the vicinity of the upper end of the opening of the garbage discharge port 10 as a fulcrum. It is configured so that it can be opened in a so-called roll-up manner.

  The hopper door 32 is opened and closed by a door opening / closing cylinder 35 shown in FIGS. The door opening / closing cylinder 35 connects the base end of the cylinder body 36 to the outer surface of the shell portion of the hopper 6 and connects the tip of the rod 37 to the outer surface of the hopper door 32. When the hopper door 32 is closed, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 5, the rod 37 of the door opening / closing cylinder 35 is extended. When the rod 37 is contracted, the hopper door 32 can be opened as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG.

  As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a cylindrical filter 40 is horizontally disposed inside the hopper door 32, and the filter 40 is supported on the hopper door 32 by left and right bearings 41a and 41b described later. The filter 40 includes a cylindrical filter member 42. End members 43a and 43b that also serve as shafts are attached to both opening ends of the filter member 42, and openings at both ends of the filter member 42 are basically blocked by the end members 43a and 43b. . As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the filter member 42 is formed by a plurality of crosspieces 44 arranged concentrically between the left and right end members 43a and 43b and laid in parallel. It is comprised so that it may become a cylindrical shape of a diameter. As shown in FIG. 8, the cross-sectional shape of each crosspiece 44 is trapezoidal, and the outer side of the trapezoid is long and the inner side is short. Further, the interval between the crosspieces 44 is so narrow that the garbage cannot pass through, and the interval L between the narrowest outer portions is set so that only moisture can be separated from the garbage collected in the hopper as much as possible. For example, the interval L is a gap of 0.2 mm to 0.3 mm. The gap between the crosspieces 44 is narrower toward the outside and wider toward the inside.

  The left and right end members 43a and 43b of the filter 40 are pivotally supported by bearings 41a and 41b, respectively. The bearings 41a and 41b are supported on the inner surface of the hopper door 32 by brackets 39a and 39b. Further, as shown in FIG. 7, the bracket 39 a located on the left side when viewed from the inside of the hopper door 32 is equipped with a filter rotating motor 45, and the drive shaft of the motor 45 is positioned on the left side of the filter 40. It is connected to the member 43a, and the filter 40 is driven to rotate by the motor 45. The type of the motor 45 may be an electric motor or a hydraulic motor, and the type is not particularly limited, but here, a hydraulic motor is used to utilize the hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic pump of the cleaning vehicle.

  As shown in FIG. 7, a scraper 46 is provided on the inner side of the hopper door 32 so as to be in sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of the filter 40 that is rotationally driven. The scraper 46 has shaft portions 47a and 47b formed at both ends thereof pivotally supported on brackets 48a and 48b attached to the inner surface of the hopper door 32, whereby the scraper 46 is swingably attached. The scraper 46 has a scraping claw 49, and the scraping claw 49 is brought into sliding contact with the outer peripheral surface of the filter 40. Further, the scraper 46 is elastically biased by the pulling coil spring 50 so that the scraping claw 49 is pressed against the outer peripheral surface of the filter member 42.

  The end member 43b, which is located on the right side of the filter 40 and is pivotally supported by the bearing 41b, constitutes a joint structure that is connected to a piping pipe 51 that is connected to a drainage pump described later. As shown in FIG. 6, the piping pipe 51 penetrates through the wall portion of the hopper door 32, is guided to the outside of the hopper door 32, and is connected to a drainage pump 52 mounted on the outer surface of the hopper door 32. The drainage pump 52 is disposed as close as possible to the filter 40. Here, in order to increase the water absorption efficiency of the drainage pump 52 through the pipe 51, as shown in FIG. 6, the center of the filter 40 and the drainage pump 52 are arranged at the same height without a head difference, The center of the drainage pump 52 may be arranged at a position lower than the height of the filter 40 to give a negative water head difference.

  The drainage pump 52 only needs to have at least a drainage function. However, when a swirl pump or a centrifugal pump is used, there is no problem even if a relatively large foreign matter is mixed in the discharged water. Can drain.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the drainage tube (tube) 55 extending from the drainage pump 52 is once guided to the upper end side position of the rotation center of the hopper door 32 and introduced from the upper end side portion to the machine shell 4 side. Has been. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, a switching valve 56 is provided on the machine shell 4 side, and the drainage tube 55 is connected to the recovery pipe 57 that communicates with the water storage tank 7 via the switching valve 56. A waste pipe 59 is connected to the drain nozzle 58. Then, by appropriately switching the switching valve 56, the drainage from the drainage pump 52 can be collected in the water storage tank 7 or can be discarded from the drainage nozzle 58 to the outside of the vehicle.

  Next, the operation of the road cleaning vehicle 1 will be described. During cleaning, water is sprayed on the road surface or in the vicinity of the brush or the suction port by the watering nozzles 22 and 23. If dirt or dirt on the road surface is collected in the hopper 6 from the suction box 12 through the suction hose 13 by the suction force of the suction blower 14, moisture is also collected together with the garbage. In addition, when cleaning the road surface immediately after the rain, the soil and dirt wet with the rain are collected, so that a large amount of moisture is collected together with the soil and dirt. As a result, the hopper collects not only the collected earth and sand and garbage but also a large amount of water.

  A cylindrical filter 40 is installed in the hopper 6, and the filter 40 takes in water contained in earth and sand collected in the hopper 6 through the gap L of the crosspiece 44 into the internal space. Since the gaps between the crosspieces 44 are narrower toward the outside and wider toward the inside, it is difficult for trash to be caught or clogged at this portion. Further, since the filter 40 is always rotating, the contact between the garbage and the filter member 42 continues to be updated, and further, the filter member 42 is prevented from being clogged, and the water permeability of the filter member 42 is ensured. Moreover, since the scraping claw 49 of the scraper 46 is pressed against the outer peripheral surface of the rotating filter member 42, the filter member 42 is more actively prevented from being clogged, and the water permeability of the filter member 42 is ensured. Further, since the suction force by the pump 52 acts on the internal space of the filter member 42, the water removal capability of the filter 40 is enhanced. In this way, the water taken into the internal space of the filter 40 is sequentially discharged by the pump 52 through the pipe 51.

  On the other hand, if the switching valve 56 is switched to the water storage tank 7 side, the water drained through the filter 40 can be collected in the water storage tank 7 and reused for watering. Further, if the switching valve 56 is switched to the drain nozzle 58 side, it can be discarded outside the vehicle through the drain nozzle 58.

  Next, when the garbage collected in the hopper 6 is discharged outside, the hopper door 32 is opened. Since the filter 40, the motor 45, the pump 52, and the peripheral members thereof are mounted on the hopper door 32, when the hopper door 32 is opened, the filter 40, together with the hopper door 32, retreats from the opening of the garbage discharge port 10 and discharges the garbage. Does not interfere with work.

  In addition, although the filter in embodiment mentioned above comprised the filter member by the some crosspiece, it may be formed with the water-permeable member in addition. The filter member may be configured in a net shape. Also in this case, if the gap is narrower toward the outside and wider toward the inside, it is difficult for trash to be caught or clogged at this portion.

  Further, the filter 40 in the above-described embodiment is formed by a plurality of crosspieces 44 parallel to the central axis direction. However, as shown in FIG. 9, a spiral member laid between the left and right end members 43a and 43b. The filter member 62 may be configured by 61 so as to be cylindrical with a substantially equal diameter over the entire length. The cross-sectional shape of the spiral member 61 in this case is trapezoidal like the crosspiece 44 of the filter member 40 in the above-described embodiment, and the outer side of the trapezoid is long and the inner side is short. Accordingly, the gap between the spiral members 61 is narrower toward the outside and wider toward the inside. Further, the interval is narrow enough to prevent the passage of garbage, and the interval L of the narrowest outer portion is set so that only moisture can be separated from the garbage collected in the hopper as much as possible. For example, the interval L is a gap of 0.2 mm to 0.3 mm. In addition, the spiral member 61 forming the filter 62 may be one (one) or multiple (plural). As described above, when the filter member 62 is formed by the spiral member 61, the rotating filter member 62 is further prevented from being clogged, and the scraper 46 is effectively scraped off.

  Furthermore, the present invention is not limited to the case where the filter member is configured to be an equal-diameter cylindrical shape, but may be another cylindrical shape or a cylindrical shape close to a spherical shape. The filter member is not limited to be arranged horizontally, but the filter member may be arranged vertically or obliquely, and a multi-stage configuration in which a plurality of filters are installed in the hopper may be used.

The perspective view which shows the road surface cleaning vehicle which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. 1 is a side view of a road sweeper according to an embodiment of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Explanatory drawing which shows schematically the structure of the drainage mechanism part of the road cleaning vehicle which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. The side view near the rearmost part of the road sweeper concerning one embodiment of the present invention. The side view near the rearmost part which shows the drainage mechanism part of the road sweeper concerning one embodiment of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS Explanatory drawing which shows schematically the structure of the drainage mechanism part of the road cleaning vehicle which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. Explanatory drawing which looked at the filter mounting part from the inner side of the hopper door of the road cleaning vehicle which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. The cross-sectional view of the filter member of the road sweeper according to one embodiment of the present invention. The front view shown partially through the filter member of the road sweeper according to another embodiment of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Road cleaning car, 2 ... Body frame, 3 ... Cab, 4 ... Machine shell 5 ... Cleaning device part, 6 ... Hopper, 7 ... Water storage tank, 9 ... Bulkhead, 10 ... Garbage discharge port 11 ... Rotating shaft , 12 ... Suction box, 13 ... Suction hose, 14 ... Suction blower 18 ... Nipple brush, 19 ... Gutter brush, 20 ... Suction brush, 22 ... Watering nozzle 23 ... Watering nozzle, 31 ... Collection chamber, 32 ... Hopper door, 34 ... Hinge 35 ... Door open / close cylinder, 40 ... Filter, 42 ... Filter member, 44 ... Crosspiece 45 ... Filter rotating motor, 46 ... Scraper, 51 ... Pipe for pipe 52 ... Drain pump, 55 ... Drain tube, 56 ... Valve, 58 ... Drain nozzle

Claims (4)

A hopper for storing the collected garbage;
A hopper door provided at the waste outlet of the hopper;
A hollow filter attached to the hopper door and disposed in the hopper when the hopper door is closed, separating moisture from collected garbage in the hopper, and taking the moisture into the internal space;
A pump connected in communication with the internal space of the filter, for sucking and draining the water inside the filter;
A cleaning vehicle comprising: A hopper for storing the collected garbage;
A hopper door provided at the waste outlet of the hopper;
When the hopper door is closed and the hopper door is closed, it is placed in the hopper, is separated from the collected garbage in the hopper, separates moisture, and takes up the moisture into the internal space. With filters,
A driving device attached to the hopper door and driving the filter to rotate;
A pump attached to the hopper door and connected to and connected to the internal space of the filter, for sucking and draining water inside the filter;
A cleaning vehicle comprising: The cleaning vehicle according to claim 2, further comprising a scraper that slidably contacts the outer peripheral surface of the filter when the filter rotates. 4. A switching valve is provided in the discharge path of the pump, and the discharge path of the pump can be selectively connected to a water storage tank and a waste nozzle of a cleaning vehicle. Such a cleaning car.

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