JP4135757B2 - 内燃機関の排気浄化システム - Google Patents
内燃機関の排気浄化システム Download PDFInfo
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- JP4135757B2 JP4135757B2 JP2006210267A JP2006210267A JP4135757B2 JP 4135757 B2 JP4135757 B2 JP 4135757B2 JP 2006210267 A JP2006210267 A JP 2006210267A JP 2006210267 A JP2006210267 A JP 2006210267A JP 4135757 B2 JP4135757 B2 JP 4135757B2
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- nox catalyst
- exhaust
- sox
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- oxidation catalyst
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- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims description 70
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims description 43
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 293
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 96
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims description 93
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 88
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 85
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 80
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 79
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 claims description 54
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric oxide Chemical compound O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 717
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 150
- TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N disulfur monoxide Inorganic materials O=S=S TXKMVPPZCYKFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 145
- XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfur monoxide Chemical compound S=O XTQHKBHJIVJGKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 145
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 93
- 208000005374 Poisoning Diseases 0.000 description 82
- 231100000572 poisoning Toxicity 0.000 description 81
- 230000000607 poisoning effect Effects 0.000 description 81
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 73
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 62
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 27
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 18
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 12
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002542 deteriorative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009429 electrical wiring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
- F01N3/20—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
- F01N3/2006—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating
- F01N3/2013—Periodically heating or cooling catalytic reactors, e.g. at cold starting or overheating using electric or magnetic heating means
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- F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
- F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
- F01N3/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust
- F01N3/0253—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles using fuel burner or by adding fuel to exhaust adding fuel to exhaust gases
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
- F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
- F01N3/033—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices
- F01N3/035—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters in combination with other devices with catalytic reactors, e.g. catalysed diesel particulate filters
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/0807—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents
- F01N3/0821—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents combined with particulate filters
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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- F01N3/0828—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by using absorbents or adsorbents characterised by the absorbed or adsorbed substances
- F01N3/0842—Nitrogen oxides
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
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- F01N3/0871—Regulation of absorbents or adsorbents, e.g. purging
- F01N3/0885—Regeneration of deteriorated absorbents or adsorbents, e.g. desulfurization of NOx traps
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- F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
- F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
- F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
- F01N3/105—General auxiliary catalysts, e.g. upstream or downstream of the main catalyst
- F01N3/106—Auxiliary oxidation catalysts
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- F01N9/00—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus
- F01N9/002—Electrical control of exhaust gas treating apparatus of filter regeneration, e.g. detection of clogging
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- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
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- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/14—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a fuel burner
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- F01N2240/00—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
- F01N2240/16—Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being an electric heater, i.e. a resistance heater
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- F01N2510/00—Surface coverings
- F01N2510/06—Surface coverings for exhaust purification, e.g. catalytic reaction
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- F01N2560/00—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics
- F01N2560/02—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor
- F01N2560/025—Exhaust systems with means for detecting or measuring exhaust gas components or characteristics the means being an exhaust gas sensor for measuring or detecting O2, e.g. lambda sensors
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- F01N2610/00—Adding substances to exhaust gases
- F01N2610/03—Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being hydrocarbons, e.g. engine fuel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
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Description
化度合いを判定する技術も提案されている(例えば、特許文献1を参照。)。
前記排気通路に設けられるとともに酸化機能を有する酸化触媒と、
前記排気通路における前記酸化触媒よりも下流側に設けられるとともに該排気通路を通過する排気を浄化する排気浄化装置と、
前記酸化触媒および排気浄化装置に流入する排気に還元剤を供給する還元剤供給手段と、
前記酸化触媒の活性の度合いを変更させる活性度合い変更手段と、
前記還元剤供給手段によって前記酸化触媒に流入する排気に還元剤を供給させるとともに、前記活性度合い変更手段によって前記酸化触媒の活性の度合いを変更させることによって前記酸化触媒において酸化される還元剤の量を変更することにより、前記排気浄化装置の所定部分の温度を上昇させつつ該所定部分の性能を再生する性能再生処理を実施する性能再生手段と、
を備えることを特徴とする。
やSOxの還元に適した状態となった部分からNOxやSOxが還元されてしまう。換言すると、前記NOx触媒の所定部分から選択的にNOxやSOxを還元させることが困難であった。
する部分の温度を前記PM酸化温度まで昇温することにより、該上流側に位置する部分に捕集されているPMを優先的に酸化除去させても良い。
先にSOxの還元に適した状態になってしまうことが抑制され、前記NOx触媒がSOxによって再被毒することを抑制できるからである。
回当りの還元剤の供給量を変更させると、前記酸化触媒において酸化される還元剤の量を変更させることができる。
蔵されたSOxを還元させる制御について説明する。図2は本実施例に係るNOx触媒101とフィルタ102とに対するSOx被毒回復処理についての概念図である。
01の下流側部分(B)の温度を上昇させる。これにより、NOx触媒101の下流側部分(B)の周辺雰囲気をSOxの還元に適した状態にすることができるので、該下流側部分(B)に吸蔵されているSOxを優先的に還元させることができる。
側部分(A)に対するSOx被毒回復処理が継続される。
た後に、該フィルタ温度TH3が上述した所定の温度(例えば、600℃乃至650℃)以上に維持される時間(以下、単に「フィルタ還元雰囲気維持時間」という。)T3が計測される。そして、フィルタ還元雰囲気維持時間T3が予め実験的に定められる閾値以上であるか否かに基づいて該フィルタ102(C)のSOx被毒回復処理が終了したか否かが判定される。
については、電熱ヒータ100aに通電される電力と、燃料添加弁4から添加される燃料の添加量と、NOx触媒101の上流側部分(A)、NOx触媒101の下流側部分(B)、フィルタ102(C)の各部分から還元されるSOx量との関係を予め実験的に求めておき、これらの関係に基づいて上記の各部分に対するSOx被毒回復処理の終了時期を予め定めておいても良い。
リッチ空燃比に維持されると、上記各部分の周辺雰囲気がSOxの還元に適した状態になることによって、該各部分に吸蔵されているSOxが還元される。
部分(A)、NOx触媒101の下流側部分(B)、フィルタ102(C)の順にSOx被毒回復処理を実施する場合を例として説明する。
添加量Qadは等しくした場合を例として説明したが、これに限定されるものではない。
され、S306に進む。
2・・・吸気管
3・・・スロットルバルブ
4・・・燃料添加弁
5・・・排気管
5a・・・第1排気管
5b・・・第2排気管
10・・・排気浄化部
11・・・第1温度センサ
12・・・第2温度センサ
13・・・空燃比センサ
30・・・ECU
100・・・EHC
100a・・・電熱ヒータ
101・・・NOx触媒
102・・・フィルタ
Claims (4)
- 一端が内燃機関に接続されて該内燃機関からの排気が通過する排気通路と、
前記排気通路に設けられるとともに酸化機能を有する酸化触媒と、
前記排気通路における前記酸化触媒よりも下流側に設けられるとともに該排気通路を通過する排気を浄化する排気浄化装置と、
前記酸化触媒および排気浄化装置に流入する排気に還元剤を供給する還元剤供給手段と、
前記酸化触媒の活性の度合いを変更させる活性度合い変更手段と、
前記還元剤供給手段によって前記酸化触媒に流入する排気に還元剤を供給させるとともに、前記活性度合い変更手段によって前記酸化触媒の活性の度合いを変更させることによって前記酸化触媒において酸化される還元剤の量を変更することにより、前記排気浄化装置の所定部分の温度を上昇させつつ該所定部分の性能を再生する性能再生処理を実施する性能再生手段と、
を備えることを特徴とする内燃機関の排気浄化システム。 - 前記排気浄化装置において、より下流側の部分に対して前記性能再生処理を実施するときほど、前記活性度合い変更手段は前記酸化触媒の活性の度合いを低くさせることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化システム。
- 前記排気浄化装置の性能再生処理を実施するときには、前記排気浄化装置の上流側から下流側へと順に再生を行なうように、前記酸化触媒の活性の度合いを徐々に低下させることを特徴とする請求項2に記載の内燃機関の排気浄化システム。
- 前記活性度合い変更手段は、前記酸化触媒に熱を与える加熱手段を含んで構成されることを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれかに記載の内燃機関の排気浄化システム。
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JP2006210267A JP4135757B2 (ja) | 2006-08-01 | 2006-08-01 | 内燃機関の排気浄化システム |
EP07015030A EP1884631B1 (en) | 2006-08-01 | 2007-07-31 | Exhaust gas purification system for internal combustion engine |
DE602007010382T DE602007010382D1 (de) | 2006-08-01 | 2007-07-31 | Abgasreinigungssystem für einen Verbrennungsmotor |
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FR2930967B1 (fr) * | 2008-05-06 | 2010-04-30 | Renault Sas | Systeme et procede d'optimisation de l'automate de declenchement des purges soufre |
EP2390479B1 (en) * | 2009-01-16 | 2013-10-23 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Exhaust purification apparatus for internal combustion engine |
JP5013222B2 (ja) * | 2009-04-13 | 2012-08-29 | 株式会社デンソー | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
JP5768607B2 (ja) * | 2011-09-05 | 2015-08-26 | 三菱自動車工業株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
FR3062680B1 (fr) * | 2017-02-03 | 2021-01-15 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Dispositif de post-traitement des gaz d’echappement d’un moteur thermique |
FR3065486B1 (fr) * | 2017-04-20 | 2021-05-21 | Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa | Procede de desulfatation d’un piege a nox d’une ligne d’echappement d’un moteur thermique |
US11939900B1 (en) | 2023-04-04 | 2024-03-26 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | System and method for engine cold start |
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US6813882B2 (en) * | 2001-12-18 | 2004-11-09 | Ford Global Technologies, Llc | System and method for removing NOx from an emission control device |
JP4082130B2 (ja) | 2002-08-21 | 2008-04-30 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 触媒劣化判定装置 |
DE10256769B4 (de) * | 2002-12-05 | 2005-10-06 | Zeuna-Stärker GmbH & Co KG | Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Diesel-Antriebsmotor |
JP4075746B2 (ja) * | 2003-09-04 | 2008-04-16 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 内燃機関の排気浄化装置 |
US7434386B2 (en) * | 2004-12-23 | 2008-10-14 | Caterpillar Inc. | System for monitoring exhaust gas concentrations |
EP1837496B1 (de) * | 2006-03-23 | 2013-03-13 | Ford Global Technologies, LLC | Brennkraftmaschine mit kombiniertem Abgasnachbehandlungssystem und Verfahren zum Betreiben einer derartigen Brennkraftmaschine |
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