JP4127876B2 - Polyester film for vapor deposition - Google Patents
Polyester film for vapor deposition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4127876B2 JP4127876B2 JP17182597A JP17182597A JP4127876B2 JP 4127876 B2 JP4127876 B2 JP 4127876B2 JP 17182597 A JP17182597 A JP 17182597A JP 17182597 A JP17182597 A JP 17182597A JP 4127876 B2 JP4127876 B2 JP 4127876B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- film
- polyester
- vapor deposition
- polyester film
- particles
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
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- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 title claims description 29
- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 title claims description 25
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 claims description 32
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 33
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 22
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 21
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 20
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 18
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- -1 aliphatic dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000003746 surface roughness Effects 0.000 description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 6
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000002291 germanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Ge]=O YBMRDBCBODYGJE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011146 organic particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000010954 inorganic particle Substances 0.000 description 5
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 5
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terephthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 KKEYFWRCBNTPAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isophthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1 QQVIHTHCMHWDBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- MMINFSMURORWKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,6-dioxabicyclo[6.2.2]dodeca-1(10),8,11-triene-2,7-dione Chemical group O=C1OCCOC(=O)C2=CC=C1C=C2 MMINFSMURORWKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920001328 Polyvinylidene chloride Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000008119 colloidal silica Substances 0.000 description 3
- UHPJWJRERDJHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;naphthalene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical group C=C.C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 UHPJWJRERDJHOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052732 germanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229940119177 germanium dioxide Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000005033 polyvinylidene chloride Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaldehyde Chemical compound CC=O IKHGUXGNUITLKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000219 Ethylene vinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QFBYBEDCELVEAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L [Ge+2].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 Chemical compound [Ge+2].[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C1=CC=CC=C1 QFBYBEDCELVEAJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007809 chemical reaction catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000003851 corona treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium atom Chemical compound [Ge] GNPVGFCGXDBREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003475 lamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940117969 neopentyl glycol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimellitic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C(C(O)=O)=C1 ARCGXLSVLAOJQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISPYQTSUDJAMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chlorophenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1Cl ISPYQTSUDJAMAB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UOBYKYZJUGYBDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-naphthoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 UOBYKYZJUGYBDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-sulfonyldiphenol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1S(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 VPWNQTHUCYMVMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LLLVZDVNHNWSDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylidene-3,5-dioxabicyclo[5.2.2]undeca-1(9),7,10-triene-2,6-dione Chemical compound C1(C2=CC=C(C(=O)OC(=C)O1)C=C2)=O LLLVZDVNHNWSDS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- IHLDFUILQQSDCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L C(C)(=O)[O-].[Ge+2].C(C)(=O)[O-] Chemical compound C(C)(=O)[O-].[Ge+2].C(C)(=O)[O-] IHLDFUILQQSDCQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine Chemical compound ClCl KZBUYRJDOAKODT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MRLQSGZHMHONNG-UHFFFAOYSA-K P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].[Ge+3] Chemical compound P(=O)([O-])([O-])[O-].[Ge+3] MRLQSGZHMHONNG-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- DZKUVVFEQHCDSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N P([O-])([O-])[O-].[Ge+3] Chemical compound P([O-])([O-])[O-].[Ge+3] DZKUVVFEQHCDSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Succinic acid Natural products OC(=O)CCC(O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ORLQHILJRHBSAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1-(hydroxymethyl)cyclohexyl]methanol Chemical group OCC1(CO)CCCCC1 ORLQHILJRHBSAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XGUPZAIYDIQQFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ge](O)O.O Chemical compound [Ge](O)O.O XGUPZAIYDIQQFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] Chemical compound [O--].[Al+3].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] YKTSYUJCYHOUJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001361 adipic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011037 adipic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001339 alkali metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001341 alkaline earth metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001463 antimony compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004380 ashing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- GGHTWSNOKADVAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butan-1-olate germanium(4+) Chemical compound [Ge+4].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-].CCCC[O-] GGHTWSNOKADVAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCC(O)O CDQSJQSWAWPGKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N butanedioic acid Chemical compound O[14C](=O)CC[14C](O)=O KDYFGRWQOYBRFD-NUQCWPJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000009508 confectionery Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- FZIZKGVVYKJNKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohex-2-yne-1,1-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1(C(O)=O)CCCC#C1 FZIZKGVVYKJNKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000539 dimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 208000028659 discharge Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000006694 eating habits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BXKDSDJJOVIHMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N edrophonium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].CC[N+](C)(C)C1=CC=CC(O)=C1 BXKDSDJJOVIHMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CTCOPPBXAFHGRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethanolate;germanium(4+) Chemical compound [Ge+4].CC[O-].CC[O-].CC[O-].CC[O-] CTCOPPBXAFHGRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004715 ethylene vinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- IBENSVMKFVWLLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N germanium(4+) methanolate Chemical compound [Ge+4].[O-]C.[O-]C.[O-]C.[O-]C IBENSVMKFVWLLF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002334 glycols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RZXDTJIXPSCHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexa-1,5-diene-2,5-diol Chemical compound OC(=C)CCC(O)=C RZXDTJIXPSCHCI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)O ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002611 lead compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002697 manganese compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- RXOHFPCZGPKIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=C(C(O)=O)C=CC2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 RXOHFPCZGPKIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- UWJJYHHHVWZFEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCCC(O)O UWJJYHHHVWZFEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006254 polymer film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001376 precipitating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- ULWHHBHJGPPBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCC(O)O ULWHHBHJGPPBCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002040 relaxant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011888 snacks Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003457 sulfones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003609 titanium compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 150000003752 zinc compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Shaping By String And By Release Of Stress In Plastics And The Like (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は蒸着用ポリエステルフィルム、特に酸素および水蒸気の遮断性に優れた透明蒸着用フィルムを得るに好適なポリエステルフィルムに関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
食品や薬品を長期間保存するためには、腐敗や変質を促進する外気からの酸素や水蒸気の浸入を遮断する効果を持った、いわゆるガスバリア性に優れた包装を行う必要がある。この目的に使用されるガスバリア性に優れたフィルム包装には金属および/または金属酸化物を蒸着する方法が用いられるが、近年特に内容物の状態を確認できる透明性が要求される傾向が強くなっている。
【0003】
従来より、透明なガスバリア性フィルムとしてポリ塩化ビニリデンやエチレンビニルアルコール共重合体を積層したものが知られている。また、金属酸化物を高分子フィルム上に形成したものが、ガスバリア性と透明性が良好であることはよく知られている。しかし従来の透明ガスバリア性フィルムは以下のような課題を有していた。ポリ塩化ビニリデンやエチレンビニルアルコール積層フィルムは酸素、水蒸気のガスバリア性が十分ではなく、特に高温での殺菌処理においてその低下が著しい。さらにポリ塩化ビニリデンは焼却時の塩素ガスの発生があり地球環境への影響が懸念されている。
【0004】
一方、蒸着により酸化珪素膜や酸化アルミニウム膜を形成したポリエステルフィルムは良好なバリア性を示すが、近年、食生活が豊かとなり、様々な食品や菓子類が市場に登場するに従い、品質の向上や、品質の長期保存性がより一層重視されるようになってきた。特にスナック菓子等の包装においては、内容物の酸化や湿りを防止し、できたての品質をより長期間確保するため、これまで以上のガスバリア性が要求されはじめた。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は上記した従来技術の問題点を解消することにあり、透明蒸着用ポリエステルフィルムの酸素および水蒸気のガスバリア性に対する格段の向上を目的とし、優れたガスバリア性を発現させる蒸着用ポリエステルフィルムを提供せんとするものである。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記課題を解決するために鋭意検討した結果、本発明は融点が240℃〜280℃であるポリエステルを用いてなり、
少なくとも片面の10nm以上の突起の無い2μm四方の中心線平均粗さ(Ra)が0.43〜0.7nmであり、
少なくとも片面の2μm四方あたりに2nm以上の突起個数が4.2〜5個、
少なくとも片面の100nm以上の高さを有する突起が100μm四方あたり15.3〜20個である
蒸着用ポリエステルフィルムによって達成することができる。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明において、ポリエステルとはエステル結合を主鎖の主要な結合鎖とする高分子の総称であるが、耐熱性、製膜性等の点からエチレンテレフタレート単位および/もしくはエチレンナフタレート単位が70モル%以上で構成されるポリエステルが好ましい。エチレンテレフタレート単位および/もしくはエチレンナフタレート単位が70モル%未満であると耐熱性、製膜性等が悪化する。特に融点が240℃〜280℃のポリエステルを使用すると耐熱性の向上、表面オリゴマーを低減できる等において好ましい。該ポリエステルには特性を損ねない範囲で他の共重合成分を含有してもよく、ジカルボン酸成分としては、例えば、イソフタル酸、ジフェニルジカルボン酸、ジフェニルジスルホンジカルボン酸、ジフェノキシエタンジカルボン酸、5−ナトリウムスルホンジカルボン酸、フタル酸などの芳香族ジカルボン酸、シュウ酸、コハク酸、アジピン酸、セバシン酸、ダイマー酸、マレイン酸、フマル酸などの脂肪族ジカルボン酸、シクロヘキシンジカルボン酸などの脂環族ジカルボン酸、パラオキシ安息香酸などのオキシカルボン酸などを用いることができる。また、グリコール成分としてはたとえばプロパンジオール、ブタンジオール、ペンタンジオール、ヘキサンジオール、ネオペンチルグリコールなどの脂肪族グリコール、ジエチレングリコール、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコールなどのポリオキシアルキレングリコール、シクロヘキサンジメタノールなどの脂環族グリコール、ビスフェノールA、ビスフェノールSなどの芳香族グリコールなどが用いられる。なお、これらのジカルボン酸成分、グリコール成分は2種以上を併用してもよい。
【0008】
本発明において、ポリエステルフィルムの少なくとも片面の10nm以上の突起の無い2μm四方の中心線平均粗さ(Ra)が0.7nm以下であることが必要である。さらにより一層ガスバリア性、蒸着層との接着性を向上させる点で、0.1nm以上0.5nm以下であることが好ましい。本発明の10nm以上の突起の無い2μm四方においてRaが0.7nm以下を達成する方法は特に限定されるものではないが、粒子径が単分散である外部粒子および/または内部粒子を用いる方法や、二軸延伸後の熱処理過程においてポリエステルの融点から15℃以内、好ましくは10℃以内で熱処理を行うこと等が好ましい方法として用いられる。また、蒸着する際にはRaが0.7nm以下である該表面に蒸着することが好ましい。フィルム表面の10nm以上の突起の無い2μm四方においてRa≦0.7を達成すれば、蒸着分子がフィルム表面に規則的にかつ均一に蒸着され、蒸着層との接着性に優れ、ひいてはガスバリア性を大幅に向上するものと考えられる。
【0009】
さらに本発明において、ポリエステルフィルムの蒸着面側の2μm四方における高さ2nm以上の突起個数が5個以下であることが必要であり、蒸着ガスバリア性を向上させる点で好ましい。
【0010】
本発明のポリエステルを製造するに際しては、各種の反応触媒、着色防止剤を使用することができ、反応触媒としてはたとえばアルカリ金属化合物、アルカリ土類金属化合物、亜鉛化合物、鉛化合物、マンガン化合物、コバルト化合物、アルミニウム化合物、アンチモン化合物、チタン化合物など、着色防止剤としては、たとえばリン化合物などを用いることができるが、特に限定されるものではない。製造方法としてたとえばゲルマニウム化合物を例にすると、ゲルマニウム化合物粉体をそのまま添加する方法や、あるいは特公昭54−22234号公報に記載されているように、ポリエステルの出発原料であるグリコール成分中にゲルマニウム化合物を溶解させて添加する方法を用いることができる。ゲルマニウム化合物としては、たとえば二酸化ゲルマニウム、水酸化ゲルマニウム水和物、あるいはゲルマニウムテトラメトキシド、ゲルマニウムテトラエトキシド、ゲルマニウムテトラブトキシド、ゲルマニウムエチレングリコシキドなどのゲルマニウムアルコキシド化合物、ゲルマニウムフェノレート、ゲルマニウムβ−ナフタレートなどのゲルマニウムフェノキシド化合物、リン酸ゲルマニウム、亜リン酸ゲルマニウムなどのリン酸含有ゲルマニウム化合物、酢酸ゲルマニウムなどを用いることができる。
【0011】
たとえばポリエチレンテレフタレートを製造する際に、ゲルマニウム化合物として二酸化ゲルマニウムを添加する場合で説明する。テレフタル酸成分とエチレングリコール成分をエステル交換またはエステル化反応させ、次に二酸化ゲルマニウム、リン化合物を添加し、引き続き高温、減圧下で一定のジエチレングリコール含有量になるまで重縮合反応させ、ゲルマニウム元素含有重合体を得る。さらに好ましくは、得られた重合体をその融点以下の温度において減圧下または不活性ガス雰囲気下で固相重合反応し、アセトアルデヒドの含有量を減少させ、所定の固有粘度、カルボキシ末端基を得る方法などを用いることができる。
【0012】
本発明における二軸延伸ポリエステルフィルムの製造方法としては、特に限定されないが、たとえば各ポリエステルを必要に応じて乾燥した後、各種の溶融押出機に供給、溶融しスリット状のダイからシート状またはチューブ状に押出し、前者では静電印加などの方式によりキャスティングドラムに密着させ冷却固化し未延伸シートを得る。製膜方法としてはチューブラー方式、テンター方式などがあるがフィルムの品質の面でテンター方式によるものが好ましく、長手方向に延伸した後幅方向に延伸する逐次二軸延伸方式、長手方向、幅方向をほぼ同時に延伸していく同時二軸延伸方式が望ましい。さらに二軸延伸の後にフィルムの熱処理を行うが、この熱処理はオーブン中、加熱されたロール上など各種の任意の方法で行うことができる。熱処理はフィルムをその長手方向および/または幅方向に弛緩させて行ってもよい。さらに再延伸を各方向に対して1回以上行ってもよい。
【0013】
また、本発明のフィルムの取扱い性、加工性を向上させるために、平均粒子径0.01〜3μmの各種の内部粒子、無機粒子および/または有機粒子などの外部粒子のなかから任意に選定される粒子を0.01〜50重量%含有させることが好ましい。特に平均粒子径0.01〜1μmの内部粒子、無機粒子および/または有機粒子を0.01〜50重量%含有することが好ましい。内部粒子の析出方法としては公知の技術を採用できるが、たとえば特開昭48−61556号公報、特開昭51−12860号公報、特開昭53−41355号公報、特開昭54−90397号公報などに記載の技術が挙げられる。さらに特開昭55−20496号公報、特開昭59−204617号公報などの他の粒子との併用も行うことができる。3μmを超える平均粒子径を有する粒子を使用するとフィルムの表面が粗くなり、蒸着層との接着性が低下するので好ましくない。無機粒子および/または有機粒子としては、たとえば湿式および乾式シリカ、コロイダルシリカ、ケイ酸アルミ、酸化チタン、炭酸カルシウム、リン酸カルシウム、硫酸バリウム、アルミナ、マイカ、カオリン、クレーなどの無機粒子およびスチレン、シリコーン、アクリル酸類などを構成成分とする有機粒子などを用いることができる。なかでも湿式および乾式コロイド状シリカ、アルミナなどの無機粒子およびスチレン、シリコーン、アクリル酸、メタクリル酸、ポリエステル、ジビニルベンゼンなどを構成成分とする有機粒子などを用いることができる。これらの内部粒子、無機粒子および/または有機粒子は二種以上を併用してもよい。
【0014】
本発明におけるポリエステルフィルムの蒸着面側表面の100nm以上の高さを有する突起が100μm四方あたり20個以下であることが、蒸着層との接着性および加工後の蒸着ガスバリア性を向上させる点で必要であり、特性をさらに向上させる点では17個以下であることがさらに好ましい。100nm以上の突起数を20個以下とする方法は特に限定されるものではない。
【0015】
また、蒸着層側表面にコロナ放電処理などの表面処理を施すことにより、接着性をさらに向上させることは特性を向上させる上で好ましい。さらに本発明のフィルム蒸着層側表面上には各種コーティングを施してもよく、その塗布化合物、方法、厚みは本発明の効果を損なわない範囲であれば特に限定されない。
【0016】
本発明において蒸着用ポリエステルフィルムはガスバリア性、蒸着性の面から、長手方向の屈折率(nMD)と横手方向の屈折率(nTD)が、nMD−nTD≦−0.01の関係を満たすことが好ましい。さらに好ましくはnMD−nTD≦−0.013であり、nMD−nTD≦−0.015であればより一層好ましい。
【0017】
本発明においてフィルムの長手方向の引張り弾性率(YMD)と横手方向の引張り弾性率(YTD)がYTD≧1.05×YMDの関係を満たすことがフィルムへの金属や金属酸化物の蒸着時の適性を向上させる点で好ましい。さらに好ましくはYTD≧1.07×YMDであり、YTD≧1.1×YMDを満たせばより一層好ましい。
【0018】
本発明の積層フィルムにおいて、積層するポリエステルは耐熱性、表面オリゴマー性の点で融点が180℃以上が好ましく、特に190℃以上であることが望ましい。また積層フィルムを構成するポリエステルの50重量%以上は、芳香族ジカルボン酸残基および脂肪族グリコール残基を主たる構成成分とする熱可塑性ポリエステルであって、具体的にはエチレンテレフタレート、エチレンナフタレートを主たる構成成分とするポリエステルが好ましく、本発明では特にその構成成分の80モル%以上、好ましくは90モル%以上がエチレンテレフタレート単位であるポリエステルが加工時の熱負荷に対する耐久性の観点から好ましい。
【0019】
積層するポリエステル層の厚みとしては本発明の効果を損なわない範囲であれば特に限定されないが、0.001〜5μmが好ましく、特に0.01〜1μmが好ましい。
【0020】
本発明のポリエステルフィルムの厚みは特に限定されるものではなく、用途に応じて任意に選べばよいが、0.1〜1000μm、好ましくは0.5〜500μmである。
【0021】
フィルム構成としては、単層、A/Bの2層、B/A/BあるいはA/B/Cの3層、さらには3層より多層の積層構成であってもよく、積層厚み比も任意に設定してよい。さらに、これら以外の層を積層してもよく、具体的には、帯電防止層、マット層、ハードコート層、易滑コート層、易接着層、粘着層などが例示される。
【0022】
本発明の蒸着用ポリエステルフィルムは、優れたガスバリア性を発現する透明蒸着フィルムを得るに好適であり、食品包装として広く用いることができる。
【0023】
【特性の測定・評価】
特性は以下の方法により測定、評価した。
【0024】
(1)酸素透過率
ASTMD−3985に準じて、モダンコントロール社製酸素透過率測定装置“OX−TRAN”100を用いて、20℃、0%RHの条件にて測定した。
【0025】
(2)水蒸気透過率
モダンコントロール社製水蒸気透過率計“PERMATRAN”−W1Aを用いて、40℃、90%RHの条件で測定した。
【0026】
(3)ポリエステルの固有粘度
ポリエステルをオルソクロロフェノールに溶解し、25℃において測定した。
【0027】
(4)ポリエステルの融点
ポリエステルを結晶化させ、示差走査熱量計(パーキン・エルマー社製DSC2型)により、10℃/分の昇温速度で測定し融解のピーク温度を融点とした。
【0028】
(5)屈折率
ナトリウムD線(波長589nm)を光源として、アッベ屈折計を用いて長手方向、幅方向の屈折率(それぞれnMD、nTD)を求めた。
【0029】
(6)フィルムの引張り弾性率
引張り試験機(“テンシロン”)を用いてクロスヘッドスピード300mm/分、幅10mm、試料長100mmとしてフィルムの長手方向、幅方向について弾性率を測定した。
【0030】
(7)表面粗さ(Ra)、突起数
原子間力顕微鏡(AFM)を用いて以下の条件で測定した。測定は場所を変えて20回行い、突起数は得られた画像に高さのしきい値を2nmもしくは100nmとして突起高さが各々の高さ以上のものをカウントしその平均値を各々の突起個数(各々N2 、 N100 )として用いた。また、表面粗さ(Ra)は中心面(この平面と表面形状が作る体積がこの面の上下で等しくなる)に対する3次元の平均粗さである。
【0031】
(8)平均粒子径
フィルムの表面から熱可塑性樹脂をプラズマ低温灰化処理法で除去し粒子を露出させる。処理条件は熱可塑性樹脂は灰化されるが粒子はダメージを受けない条件を選択する。これを走査型電子顕微鏡(SEM)で観察し、粒子の画像をイメージアナライザーで処理する。観察箇所を変えて粒子数5000個以上で次の数値処理を行いそれによって求めた数平均径Dを平均粒径とする。
【0032】
D=ΣDi /N
ここで、Di は粒子の円相当径、Nは粒子数である。
【0033】
なお、内部粒子ではフィルムの切片断面を透過型顕微鏡観察により行ってもよい。
【0034】
【実施例】
実施例1
粒子径0.5μmの単分散型コロイダルシリカ粒子を0.3重量%含有するポリエチレンテレフタレート(PET:融点256℃)ペレット(極限粘度0.64dl/g)を充分に真空乾燥した後、押出機に供給して280℃で溶融押出し、これを表面温度25℃の冷却ドラムに巻き付けて冷却固化せしめた。得られた未延伸ポリエステルフィルムを92℃に加熱して長手方向に3.2倍延伸し、1軸延伸フィルムとした。該ポリエステルフィルムをクリップを把持して110℃に加熱されたテンター内に導き、連続的に115℃に加熱されたゾーンで幅方向に3.7倍延伸し、さらに233℃の雰囲気下で5秒間の熱処理を施し、フィルム厚み12μmのポリエステルフィルムを得た。さらに該フィルムに蒸着を施し、酸化アルミニウムが42nm積層された透明蒸着フィルムを得た。
【0035】
表1に示すとおり2μm四方の表面粗さ(Ra)は0.43nmであり、優れたバリア性を示すことが分かる。
【0036】
実施例2
実施例1のポリエステルを幅方向の倍率を3.1倍に変更して同様に製膜、蒸着を行い、リエステルフィルムを得た。表1に示すとおり2μm四方の表面粗さ(Ra)は0.61nmであり、優れたバリア性を示すことが分かる。
【0038】
比較例4
ポリエステルに粒子径0.8μmの単分散型炭酸カルシウム粒子を0.35重量%含有させた以外は同様に蒸着フィルムを作成した。表2に示すとおり2μm四方の表面粗さ(Ra)は0.47nmである。
【0039】
実施例5
ポリエステルAとして極限粘度0.64dl/gのナフタレン−2,6−ジカルボン酸を5モル%共重合したポリエチレンテレフタレート(融点243℃)、ポリエステルBとして極限粘度0.74dl/gのポリエチレンテレフタレート(融点257℃)を得た。A、Bのポリエステルは粒子径0.6〜1.6μmの重合工程中で析出した粒子を0.14重量%、および粒子径1.0μmのシリカ粒子を0.1重量%含有する。次に、押出機で285℃に溶融したポリエステルを口金内でA層/B層(積層比:1/8)に積層後、25℃に保ったキャスティングドラムに密着冷却固化し、ついで延伸温度100℃で3.5倍の縦延伸、テンター内で115℃で3.3倍の横延伸を行い、240℃で熱処理し、フィルム厚み12μmのポリエステルフィルムを得た。得られたフィルムのポリエステルAが積層されている面の2μm四方の表面粗さ(Ra)は0.55nmを示した。実施例1と同条件の蒸着を施し、酸化アルミニウム膜が形成された透明蒸着したフィルムを得たところ、表2に示すとおり優れた特性を示した。
【0040】
実施例6
実施例1と同様にして1軸延伸フィルムを得た。この1軸延伸フィルムの片面に空気中でコロナ放電処理を施し、以下の調合塗料をロッドコーターで放電処理面側に塗布した。
【0041】
(調合塗料組成)
酸成分として、テレフタル酸29モル%、イソフタル酸7モル%、トリメリット酸10モル%、セバシン酸3モル%、グリコール成分としてエチレングリコール14モル%、ネオペンチルグリコール19モル%、1,4−ブタンジオールを18モル%、トリメチロールプロパンを微量含有してなるポリエステル樹脂(酸価:41KOHmg/g)調合塗料を塗布した1軸延伸フィルムをクリップを把持して110℃に加熱されたテンター内に導き水分を乾燥させた後、連続的に120℃に加熱されたゾーンで幅方向に3.5倍延伸し、さらに225℃の雰囲気下で5秒間の熱処理を施し、フィルム厚み12μm、塗膜層厚み0.1μm、2μm四方の表面粗さ(Ra)は0.51nmを示す積層フィルムを得た。該フィルムに実施例1と同条件の蒸着を施し、酸化アルミニウム層が形成された透明蒸着フィルムは、表2に示すとおり極めて優れた特性であることが分かる。
【0042】
比較例5
蒸着層を酸化珪素に変更し、実施例1のポリエステル中のシリカ粒子を0.1重量%としたポリエステルAと粒子径1.5μmの凝集型シリカ粒子を0.2重量%含有したポリエステルBを1:10で共押出し積層した以外は実施例1と同様にして酸化珪素39nmが形成された透明蒸着フィルムを得た。
【0043】
比較例1
粒子径3μmの凝集シリカ粒子を0.1重量%含有させることで2μm四方の表面粗さ(Ra)が0.89nmを示す以外は実施例2と同様にして得たポリエステルフィルムに蒸着を施し、酸化アルミニウム膜が形成された透明蒸着フィルムは、表3のとおりガスバリア性は劣るものであった。
【0044】
比較例2
実施例5のポリエステルAに粒子径5.0μmの凝集シリカ粒子を0.2重量%含有させた以外は同様に蒸着フィルムを得た。表3の通りガスバリア性に劣るものであった。
【0045】
比較例3
実施例5の横延伸後の熱処理を200℃とする以外は同様に作製した蒸着フィルムを得た。ガスバリア性は表4に示すとおり劣るものであった。
【0046】
【表1】
【表2】
【表3】
【表4】
【0047】
【発明の効果】
本発明の少なくとも片面の10nm以上の突起の無い2μm四方の中心線平均粗さ(Ra)が0.7nm以下であることを特徴とする蒸着用ポリエステルフィルムは、優れたガスバリア性を発現する透明蒸着フィルムを得るに好適であり、食品包装として広く用いることができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a polyester film suitable for obtaining a vapor deposition polyester film, particularly a transparent vapor deposition film excellent in oxygen and water vapor barrier properties.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In order to store foods and medicines for a long period of time, it is necessary to carry out packaging with excellent so-called gas barrier properties that has the effect of blocking the entry of oxygen and water vapor from the outside air that promotes spoilage and deterioration. For film packaging excellent in gas barrier properties used for this purpose, a method of vapor-depositing metal and / or metal oxide is used, but in recent years, the tendency to require transparency that can particularly confirm the state of contents has become stronger. ing.
[0003]
Conventionally, a laminated film of polyvinylidene chloride or ethylene vinyl alcohol copolymer is known as a transparent gas barrier film. Further, it is well known that a metal oxide formed on a polymer film has good gas barrier properties and transparency. However, the conventional transparent gas barrier film has the following problems. Polyvinylidene chloride and ethylene vinyl alcohol laminated films do not have sufficient oxygen and water vapor gas barrier properties, and the deterioration thereof is particularly remarkable in sterilization treatment at high temperatures. In addition, polyvinylidene chloride generates chlorine gas during incineration, and there is concern about its impact on the global environment.
[0004]
On the other hand, a polyester film formed by vapor deposition with a silicon oxide film or an aluminum oxide film shows a good barrier property. However, in recent years, as the eating habits have become richer and various foods and confectionery have appeared on the market, the quality can be improved. The long-term preservation of quality has become more important. In particular, in the packaging of snacks and the like, in order to prevent the contents from being oxidized and moistened and to ensure the fresh quality for a long period of time, an even higher gas barrier property has been required.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The object of the present invention is to eliminate the above-mentioned problems of the prior art, and is intended to remarkably improve the gas barrier properties of oxygen and water vapor of the polyester film for transparent deposition, and exhibit a superior gas barrier property. Is intended to provide.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems, the present invention uses a polyester having a melting point of 240 ° C. to 280 ° C.,
The center line average roughness (Ra) of 2 μm square without protrusions of 10 nm or more on at least one side is 0.43 to 0.7 nm,
At least 4.2 to 5 protrusions of 2 nm or more per 2 μm square on one side,
It can be achieved by a vapor deposition polyester film having at least one surface having a height of 100 nm or more and having a height of 15.3 to 20 per 100 μm square .
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
In the present invention, polyester is a general term for polymers having an ester bond as the main bond chain, but in terms of heat resistance, film-forming properties, etc., the ethylene terephthalate unit and / or ethylene naphthalate unit is 70 mol. A polyester composed of at least% is preferred. When the ethylene terephthalate unit and / or the ethylene naphthalate unit is less than 70 mol%, the heat resistance, the film forming property and the like deteriorate. In particular, it is preferable to use a polyester having a melting point of 240 ° C. to 280 ° C. in terms of improving heat resistance and reducing surface oligomers. The polyester may contain other copolymerization components as long as the properties are not impaired. Examples of the dicarboxylic acid component include isophthalic acid, diphenyldicarboxylic acid, diphenyldisulfonedicarboxylic acid, diphenoxyethanedicarboxylic acid, 5- Aromatic dicarboxylic acids such as sodium sulfone dicarboxylic acid and phthalic acid, aliphatic dicarboxylic acids such as oxalic acid, succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, dimer acid, maleic acid and fumaric acid, and cyclohexyne dicarboxylic acid Oxycarboxylic acids such as dicarboxylic acid and paraoxybenzoic acid can be used. Examples of the glycol component include aliphatic glycols such as propanediol, butanediol, pentanediol, hexanediol, and neopentylglycol, polyoxyalkylene glycols such as diethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, and polypropylene glycol, and alicyclic groups such as cyclohexanedimethanol. Aromatic glycols such as glycol, bisphenol A, and bisphenol S are used. These dicarboxylic acid components and glycol components may be used in combination of two or more.
[0008]
In the present invention, it is necessary that the 2 μm square centerline average roughness (Ra) having no projection of 10 nm or more on at least one side of the polyester film is 0.7 nm or less. Furthermore, it is preferable that they are 0.1 nm or more and 0.5 nm or less at the point which improves a gas-barrier property and adhesiveness with a vapor deposition layer further. The method for achieving Ra of 0.7 nm or less in a 2 μm square having no projection of 10 nm or more according to the present invention is not particularly limited, but a method using external particles and / or internal particles whose particle diameter is monodisperse, In the heat treatment process after biaxial stretching, a heat treatment is preferably performed within 15 ° C., preferably within 10 ° C. from the melting point of the polyester. Moreover, when vapor-depositing, it is preferable to vapor-deposit on this surface whose Ra is 0.7 nm or less. If Ra ≦ 0.7 is achieved in a 2 μm square with no projections of 10 nm or more on the surface of the film, the deposited molecules are regularly and uniformly deposited on the surface of the film, and have excellent adhesion to the deposited layer, and thus gas barrier properties. It is thought that it will greatly improve.
[0009]
Furthermore, in the present invention, the number of protrusions having a height of 2 nm or more in 2 μm square on the vapor deposition surface side of the polyester film needs to be 5 or less, which is preferable in terms of improving the vapor deposition gas barrier property.
[0010]
In producing the polyester of the present invention, various reaction catalysts and anti-coloring agents can be used. Examples of the reaction catalyst include alkali metal compounds, alkaline earth metal compounds, zinc compounds, lead compounds, manganese compounds, cobalt As a coloring inhibitor such as a compound, an aluminum compound, an antimony compound, or a titanium compound, for example, a phosphorus compound can be used, but it is not particularly limited. For example, when a germanium compound is used as an example of the production method, a germanium compound powder is added as it is, or a germanium compound is contained in a glycol component which is a starting material for polyester as described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 54-22234. A method of dissolving and adding can be used. Examples of germanium compounds include germanium dioxide, germanium hydroxide hydrate, or germanium alkoxide compounds such as germanium tetramethoxide, germanium tetraethoxide, germanium tetrabutoxide, germanium ethyleneglycoxide, germanium phenolate, germanium β-naphthalate. Germanium phenoxide compounds such as phosphoric acid-containing germanium compounds such as germanium phosphate and germanium phosphite, and germanium acetate can be used.
[0011]
For example, a case where germanium dioxide is added as a germanium compound when producing polyethylene terephthalate will be described. Transesterify or esterify the terephthalic acid component and the ethylene glycol component, then add germanium dioxide and phosphorus compound, and then continue polycondensation reaction at a high temperature and reduced pressure until a certain diethylene glycol content is reached. Get coalesced. More preferably, the obtained polymer is subjected to a solid phase polymerization reaction under reduced pressure or in an inert gas atmosphere at a temperature below its melting point to reduce the acetaldehyde content to obtain a predetermined intrinsic viscosity and carboxy end group. Etc. can be used.
[0012]
The production method of the biaxially stretched polyester film in the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, after drying each polyester as necessary, it is supplied to various melt extruders and melted to form a sheet or tube from a slit die. In the former case, the former is brought into close contact with the casting drum by a method such as electrostatic application, and is cooled and solidified to obtain an unstretched sheet. As a film forming method, there are a tubular method, a tenter method, etc., but a tenter method is preferable in terms of film quality, a sequential biaxial stretching method in which the film is stretched in the longitudinal direction and then stretched in the width direction, the longitudinal direction, the width direction. A simultaneous biaxial stretching method is preferred in which the films are stretched almost simultaneously. Further, the film is subjected to heat treatment after biaxial stretching, and this heat treatment can be performed by various arbitrary methods such as in an oven or on a heated roll. The heat treatment may be performed by relaxing the film in the longitudinal direction and / or the width direction. Further, re-stretching may be performed once or more in each direction.
[0013]
Further, in order to improve the handleability and processability of the film of the present invention, it is arbitrarily selected from various internal particles having an average particle diameter of 0.01 to 3 μm, external particles such as inorganic particles and / or organic particles. It is preferable to contain 0.01 to 50% by weight of particles. In particular, it is preferable to contain 0.01 to 50% by weight of internal particles, inorganic particles and / or organic particles having an average particle size of 0.01 to 1 μm. As a method for precipitating the internal particles, a known technique can be adopted. For example, JP-A-48-61556, JP-A-51-12860, JP-A-53-41355, JP-A-54-90397 The technique described in the gazette etc. is mentioned. Further, other particles such as JP-A-55-20496 and JP-A-59-204617 can be used in combination. When particles having an average particle diameter exceeding 3 μm are used, the surface of the film becomes rough and the adhesion to the vapor deposition layer is lowered, which is not preferable. Examples of inorganic particles and / or organic particles include wet and dry silica, colloidal silica, aluminum silicate, titanium oxide, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, barium sulfate, alumina, mica, kaolin, clay, and styrene, silicone, Organic particles containing acrylic acid as a constituent component can be used. Among these, inorganic particles such as wet and dry colloidal silica and alumina, and organic particles containing styrene, silicone, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, polyester, divinylbenzene and the like as constituent components can be used. These internal particles, inorganic particles and / or organic particles may be used in combination of two or more.
[0014]
It protrusions having 100nm or more of the height of the vapor deposition side surface of the polyester film of the present invention is 20 or less per 100μm square are required from the viewpoint of improving the deposition gas barrier properties after bonding and processing the deposition layer In view of further improving the characteristics, the number is more preferably 17 or less. The method of setting the number of protrusions of 100 nm or more to 20 or less is not particularly limited.
[0015]
Further, it is preferable to further improve the adhesion by performing a surface treatment such as a corona discharge treatment on the surface of the vapor deposition layer. Furthermore, various coatings may be applied on the film deposition layer side surface of the present invention, and the coating compound, method and thickness thereof are not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired.
[0016]
In the present invention, the vapor deposition polyester film has a relationship in which the refractive index in the longitudinal direction (n MD ) and the refractive index in the transverse direction (n TD ) are n MD −n TD ≦ −0.01 in terms of gas barrier properties and vapor deposition properties. It is preferable to satisfy. More preferably, n MD −n TD ≦ −0.013, and even more preferably n MD −n TD ≦ −0.015.
[0017]
In the present invention, the fact that the tensile modulus (Y MD ) in the longitudinal direction of the film and the tensile modulus (Y TD ) in the transverse direction satisfy the relationship of Y TD ≧ 1.05 × Y MD It is preferable at the point which improves the suitability at the time of vapor deposition. More preferably, Y TD ≧ 1.07 × Y MD , and it is even more preferable if Y TD ≧ 1.1 × Y MD is satisfied.
[0018]
In the laminated film of the present invention, the polyester to be laminated preferably has a melting point of 180 ° C. or higher, particularly 190 ° C. or higher, in terms of heat resistance and surface oligomerism. Further, 50% by weight or more of the polyester constituting the laminated film is a thermoplastic polyester mainly comprising an aromatic dicarboxylic acid residue and an aliphatic glycol residue, and specifically includes ethylene terephthalate and ethylene naphthalate. Polyester as the main constituent is preferred, and in the present invention, polyester having 80% by mole or more, preferably 90% by mole or more of the constituent is ethylene terephthalate unit is particularly preferred from the viewpoint of durability against heat load during processing.
[0019]
Although it will not specifically limit if it is the range which does not impair the effect of this invention as thickness of the polyester layer to laminate | stack, 0.001-5 micrometers is preferable, and 0.01-1 micrometer is especially preferable.
[0020]
The thickness of the polyester film of the present invention is not particularly limited and may be arbitrarily selected depending on the application, but is 0.1 to 1000 μm, preferably 0.5 to 500 μm.
[0021]
The film structure may be a single layer, two layers of A / B, three layers of B / A / B or A / B / C, or a multilayer structure of more than three layers, and the lamination thickness ratio is also arbitrary. May be set to Furthermore, layers other than these may be laminated, and specific examples include an antistatic layer, a mat layer, a hard coat layer, a slippery coat layer, an easy adhesion layer, and an adhesive layer.
[0022]
The polyester film for vapor deposition of this invention is suitable for obtaining the transparent vapor deposition film which expresses the outstanding gas barrier property, and can be widely used as food packaging.
[0023]
[Measurement and evaluation of characteristics]
The characteristics were measured and evaluated by the following methods.
[0024]
(1) Oxygen permeability According to ASTM D-3985, the oxygen permeability was measured at 20 ° C. and 0% RH using an oxygen permeability measuring device “OX-TRAN” 100 manufactured by Modern Control.
[0025]
(2) Water vapor transmission rate Using a water vapor transmission rate meter “PERMATRAN” -W1A manufactured by Modern Control Co., Ltd., it was measured under the conditions of 40 ° C. and 90% RH.
[0026]
(3) Polyester intrinsic viscosity Polyester was dissolved in orthochlorophenol and measured at 25 ° C.
[0027]
(4) Melting point of polyester The polyester was crystallized and measured with a differential scanning calorimeter (DSC type 2 manufactured by Perkin Elmer) at a heating rate of 10 ° C./min.
[0028]
(5) refractive index of sodium D line (wavelength 589 nm) as the light source, obtained longitudinally, the refractive index in the width direction with an Abbe refractometer (respectively n MD, n TD).
[0029]
(6) Tensile Elastic Modulus of Film Using a tensile tester (“Tensilon”), the elastic modulus was measured in the longitudinal direction and the width direction of the film with a crosshead speed of 300 mm / min, a width of 10 mm, and a sample length of 100 mm.
[0030]
(7) Surface roughness (Ra), number of protrusions Measured under the following conditions using an atomic force microscope (AFM). The measurement was performed 20 times at different locations, and the number of protrusions was determined by counting the number of protrusions with a height threshold value of 2 nm or 100 nm and counting the protrusion height above the respective height. The numbers were used as N 2 and N 100 , respectively. The surface roughness (Ra) is a three-dimensional average roughness with respect to the center plane (the volume created by this plane and the surface shape is equal above and below this plane).
[0031]
(8) The thermoplastic resin is removed from the surface of the average particle diameter film by a plasma low-temperature ashing method to expose the particles. The processing conditions are selected such that the thermoplastic resin is ashed but the particles are not damaged. This is observed with a scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the image of the particles is processed with an image analyzer. The number average diameter D obtained by carrying out the following numerical processing on the number of particles of 5000 or more by changing the observation location is defined as the average particle diameter.
[0032]
D = ΣD i / N
Here, D i is the equivalent-circle diameter of the particles, and N is the number of particles.
[0033]
For the internal particles, the section of the film may be observed by transmission microscope observation.
[0034]
【Example】
Example 1
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET: melting point 256 ° C.) pellets (intrinsic viscosity 0.64 dl / g) containing 0.3% by weight of monodispersed colloidal silica particles having a particle diameter of 0.5 μm are sufficiently vacuum-dried and then placed in an extruder. It was supplied and melt-extruded at 280 ° C., and this was wound around a cooling drum having a surface temperature of 25 ° C. to be cooled and solidified. The obtained unstretched polyester film was heated to 92 ° C. and stretched 3.2 times in the longitudinal direction to obtain a uniaxially stretched film. The polyester film is held in a tenter heated to 110 ° C. by holding a clip, stretched 3.7 times in the width direction in a zone heated to 115 ° C., and further for 5 seconds in an atmosphere at 233 ° C. The polyester film with a film thickness of 12 μm was obtained. Further, the film was vapor-deposited to obtain a transparent vapor-deposited film in which 42 nm of aluminum oxide was laminated.
[0035]
As shown in Table 1, the surface roughness (Ra) of 2 μm square is 0.43 nm, which indicates that excellent barrier properties are exhibited.
[0036]
Example 2
The polyester of Example 1 was subjected to film formation and vapor deposition in the same manner while changing the magnification in the width direction to 3.1 times to obtain a ester film. As shown in Table 1, the surface roughness (Ra) of 2 μm square is 0.61 nm, which indicates that excellent barrier properties are exhibited.
[0038]
Comparative Example 4
A vapor deposition film was prepared in the same manner except that the polyester contained 0.35% by weight of monodispersed calcium carbonate particles having a particle diameter of 0.8 μm. Table 2 shows as 2μm square surface roughness (Ra) Ru Oh at 0.47 nm.
[0039]
Example 5
Polyester A is polyethylene terephthalate (melting point 243 ° C.) copolymerized with 5 mol% of naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.64 dl / g. Polyester B is polyethylene terephthalate (melting point 257) having an intrinsic viscosity of 0.74 dl / g. C). The polyesters A and B contain 0.14% by weight of particles precipitated in the polymerization step with a particle size of 0.6 to 1.6 μm and 0.1% by weight of silica particles with a particle size of 1.0 μm. Next, the polyester melted at 285 ° C. by an extruder is laminated on the A layer / B layer (lamination ratio: 1/8) in the die, and is then closely cooled and solidified on a casting drum maintained at 25 ° C. Then, a stretching temperature of 100 A 3.5-fold longitudinal stretching was performed at 150 ° C., a 3.3-fold transverse stretching was performed at 115 ° C. in a tenter, and heat treatment was performed at 240 ° C. to obtain a polyester film having a film thickness of 12 μm. The surface roughness (Ra) of 2 μm square of the surface on which the polyester A of the obtained film was laminated was 0.55 nm. When vapor deposition was performed under the same conditions as in Example 1 to obtain a transparent vapor deposited film on which an aluminum oxide film was formed, excellent properties were exhibited as shown in Table 2.
[0040]
Example 6
A uniaxially stretched film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. One side of the uniaxially stretched film was subjected to corona discharge treatment in the air, and the following prepared paint was applied to the discharge treatment surface side with a rod coater.
[0041]
(Formulated paint composition)
As acid component, terephthalic acid 29 mol%, isophthalic acid 7 mol%, trimellitic acid 10 mol%, sebacic acid 3 mol%, glycol component as ethylene glycol 14 mol%, neopentyl glycol 19 mol%, 1,4-butane A uniaxially stretched film coated with a polyester resin (acid value: 41 KOHmg / g) blended with 18 mol% diol and a small amount of trimethylolpropane is introduced into a tenter heated to 110 ° C. by holding a clip. After drying the moisture, it was stretched 3.5 times in the width direction in a zone that was continuously heated to 120 ° C., and further heat-treated for 5 seconds in an atmosphere at 225 ° C., resulting in a film thickness of 12 μm and a coating layer thickness. A laminated film having a surface roughness (Ra) of 0.1 μm and 2 μm square of 0.51 nm was obtained. As shown in Table 2, it can be seen that the transparent vapor-deposited film in which the film was vapor-deposited under the same conditions as in Example 1 and an aluminum oxide layer was formed has extremely excellent characteristics.
[0042]
Comparative Example 5
The vapor deposition layer was changed to silicon oxide, polyester A containing 0.1% by weight of silica particles in the polyester of Example 1 and polyester B containing 0.2% by weight of aggregated silica particles having a particle diameter of 1.5 μm. A transparent vapor-deposited film on which 39 nm of silicon oxide was formed was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the layers were coextruded at 1:10 .
[0043]
Comparative Example 1
Vapor deposition was performed on the polyester film obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that 0.1% by weight of agglomerated silica particles having a particle diameter of 3 μm contained a surface roughness (Ra) of 2 μm square indicating 0.89 nm. The transparent vapor-deposited film on which the aluminum oxide film was formed had poor gas barrier properties as shown in Table 3.
[0044]
Comparative Example 2
A vapor deposited film was obtained in the same manner except that the polyester A of Example 5 contained 0.2% by weight of aggregated silica particles having a particle diameter of 5.0 μm. As shown in Table 3, the gas barrier properties were inferior.
[0045]
Comparative Example 3
A vapor-deposited film produced in the same manner as in Example 5 was obtained except that the heat treatment after transverse stretching was 200 ° C. As shown in Table 4, the gas barrier properties were inferior.
[0046]
[Table 1]
[Table 2]
[Table 3]
[Table 4]
[0047]
【The invention's effect】
The vapor deposition polyester film characterized in that the center line average roughness (Ra) of 2 μm square without projections of 10 nm or more on at least one side of the present invention is 0.7 nm or less is a transparent vapor deposition that exhibits excellent gas barrier properties It is suitable for obtaining a film and can be widely used as food packaging.
Claims (5)
少なくとも片面の10nm以上の突起の無い2μm四方の中心線平均粗さ(Ra)が0.43〜0.7nmであり、
少なくとも片面の2μm四方あたりに2nm以上の突起個数が4.2〜5個、
少なくとも片面の100nm以上の高さを有する突起が100μm四方あたり15.3〜20個である
蒸着用ポリエステルフィルム。Using a polyester having a melting point of 240 ° C. to 280 ° C.,
The center line average roughness (Ra) of 2 μm square without protrusions of 10 nm or more on at least one side is 0.43 to 0.7 nm,
At least 4.2 to 5 protrusions of 2 nm or more per 2 μm square on one side,
The polyester film for vapor deposition, wherein at least one surface has 15.3 to 20 protrusions having a height of 100 nm or more per 100 [mu] m square .
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JP2006199419A (en) * | 2005-01-20 | 2006-08-03 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Elevator device |
JP2006327098A (en) * | 2005-05-27 | 2006-12-07 | Nitto Denko Corp | Transparent film and its manufacturing method |
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