JP4107702B2 - Lubricating oil composition with excellent sealing material compatibility - Google Patents
Lubricating oil composition with excellent sealing material compatibility Download PDFInfo
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- JP4107702B2 JP4107702B2 JP36490097A JP36490097A JP4107702B2 JP 4107702 B2 JP4107702 B2 JP 4107702B2 JP 36490097 A JP36490097 A JP 36490097A JP 36490097 A JP36490097 A JP 36490097A JP 4107702 B2 JP4107702 B2 JP 4107702B2
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- lubricating oil
- oil composition
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、シール材との適合性を要求される潤滑油、例えば産業機械用潤滑油、自動車用エンジン油、ギヤ油、自動変速機油や建設機械、農業機械等のエンジンやトランスミッション等に使用される潤滑油に関する。
【0002】
【従来技術】
従来、潤滑油は、その使用用途によっても相違するが、粘度特性、耐摩耗性、焼付防止性(極圧性)、摩擦特性、耐腐食性、低温流動性、酸化安定性、さび止め性、ゴムシールとの適合性、消泡性、剪断安定性などの諸特性に優れていることが求められることが多い。このため、潤滑油には粘度指数向上剤、摩擦調整剤、磨耗防止剤、腐食防止剤、流動点降下剤、酸化防止剤、防錆剤、無灰分散剤、金属清浄剤、消泡剤など各種の添加剤が配合されている。
【0003】
前記諸特性の多くは前記添加剤を前記潤滑油に配合することによって改善することができる。しかしながら、前記のような添加剤を潤滑油に配合した場合には、しばしばシール材との適合性が問題となる場合がある。すなわち、前記のような添加剤を潤滑油に配合することによりゴムシール材が収縮し、更には強度低下をしてしまう場合がある。その多くは、基油として高度に精製された鉱油や合成油を使用したときに顕著である。
従来、前記シール材の収縮の問題に対処する目的で、前記各添加剤の他に、シール材の膨潤剤を添加している。しかしながら、従来公知の膨潤剤は、シール材の容積と硬さを変化させることができるものの、シール材の強度は依然として改善できないでいた。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、シール材との適合性を要求される潤滑油、例えば産業機械用潤滑油、自動車用エンジン油、ギヤ油、自動変速機油や建設機械、農業機械等のエンジンやトランスミッション等に使用される潤滑油に要求される各特性、例えば耐摩耗性、焼き付き防止性、摩耗特性等とゴムシール材の収縮および強度低下の問題を解決した潤滑油組成物を提供することにある。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、脂肪族アミンとフタル酸エチレングリコレートエステルとを潤滑油組成物に含有させることにより、前記潤滑油組成物に要求される各特性、特に耐摩耗性、焼き付き防止性および摩耗特性等の特性の改善とともに、シール材の容積と硬さを変化させず、また強度も低下させない、というゴムシール材との適合性に優れた潤滑油組成物を提供することにある。
【0006】
本発明で使用する脂肪族アミンとしては、ラウリルアミン、カプリルアミン、ステアリルアミン等のような脂肪族第1級アミン、ジステアリルアミンのような脂肪族第2級アミン、ジメチルステアリルアミンのような脂肪族第3級アミン、さらにはこれらアミンの有機酸塩が挙げられるが、中でも前記脂肪族第1級アミンが好ましい。
前記脂肪族アミンのアルキル基の炭素数は6〜30程度のものである。
前記第1級アミンの使用量は、使用するアミンの種類によっても相違するが、通常潤滑油組成物全量の0.01〜5重量%程度、好ましくは0.05〜1.5重量%程度である。
【0007】
本発明で用いる潤滑油基油の種類は特に限定されるものではなく、従来公知の各種鉱油や合成潤滑油、これらの混合油等が使用できる。鉱油としては、例えば、軽質ニュートラル油、中質ニュートラル油、重質ニュートラル油、ブライトストック、高度精製基油などが挙げられる。合成潤滑油としては、例えば、ポリα−オレフィン、ポリブテン、アルキルベンゼン、ポリオールエステル、二塩基酸エステル、ポリオキシアルキレングリコール、シリコーン油などが挙げられる。これらの基油は、それぞれ単独で、あるいは2種以上を混合して使用することができる。
【0008】
本発明の潤滑油組成物には、潤滑油基油に対して前記脂肪族アミンとフタル酸エチレングリコレートエステルの他に潤滑油に対して通常添加される添加剤、例えば粘度指数向上剤、摩擦調整剤、磨耗防止剤、腐食防止剤、流動点降下剤、酸化防止剤、防錆剤、無灰分散剤、金属清浄剤、消泡剤など各種の添加剤を配合することができる。
【0009】
本発明の潤滑油組成物の一例としては、脂肪族アミン0.05〜5重量%、フタル酸エチレングリコレートエステル1.0〜1.5重量%、耐摩耗剤(ジチオリン酸亜鉛)0.1〜5重量%、摩擦調整剤(ステアリン酸)0.05〜5重量%、酸化防止剤(2,4,6−トリ−t−ブチルフェノール)0.1〜2重量%、金属清浄剤(カルシウムスルホネート)0.1〜5重量%、無灰分散剤(アルケニルコハク酸イミド)0.1〜5重量%、粘度指数向上剤(ポリメタアクリレート)0.3〜30重量%および流動点降下剤(ポリメタアクリレート)0.1〜2重量%からなる潤滑油組成物が挙げられる。
本発明の潤滑油組成物は、ニトリルゴム、シリコーンゴム、アクリルゴム等の合成ゴムのシール材に対して特に有効である。
【0010】
【実施例】
以下、本発明の実施例を示す。
1.試験に用いた供試油は下表1に示す基油と種々の添加剤を混合した基本組成に、下記表2に示すC、F、G、K、L、Mの従来の膨潤剤および今回新たにゴムシール膨潤剤として使用したN、P、Qのアミン化合物にGを併用して作った建機用トランスミッション専用潤滑油を用いた。
2.シール材適合性試験
この試験はJIS K−6301に準拠し、シール材(A305)試験片を供試油中に140℃で70時間浸漬した後、試験片の体積、硬度、引っ張り強度および伸びを測定し、浸漬前のそれぞれの測定値に対する変化を求めた。
【0011】
【表1】
前表1において、
(1)基油A:ポリα−オレフィン(100℃での粘度6.0mm2/S)
(2)基油B:精製パラフィン系鉱油(100℃での粘度11.5mm2/S)
(3)耐摩耗剤:二級ジチオリン酸亜鉛
(4)無灰分散剤:アルケニルコハク酸イミド
(5)清浄分散剤:カルシウムスルホネート
(6)酸化防止剤:2,4,6−トリ−t−ブチルフェノール
(7)粘度指数向上剤兼流動点降下剤:ポリメタアクリレート
【0012】
【表2】
【0013】
【表3】
【0014】
【表4】
【0015】
【表5】
【0016】
前表3〜5の結果から、従来の膨潤剤(F、G、K、L、M)のみを含む潤滑油(比較例2〜7)はシール材の体積変化率と硬度変化を若干改善するものの、引っ張り強度および伸びを低下させる傾向にあることがわかった。
一方で、今回新たにシール材の適合性を向上させる目的で加えたアミン系化合物(N、P、Q)を用いた場合(比較例8〜10)には、引っ張り強度および伸びにほとんと変化が見られず、これらの評価項目において、試験前のシール材の特性を維持している事が判明した。
【0017】
さらに従来公知のシール膨潤剤(G)と一級アミンの相互作用を調査する目的で、公知のシール膨潤剤(G)に前記NあるいはP添加剤を加えた試料油のシール材適合性を調べた(実施例1〜13)。
膨潤剤Gの添加量を1.0及び1.5wt%添加した系に、前記NあるいはP添加剤を0.1〜0.5wt%添加した場合のシール材の強度(引っ張り強度と伸び)に与える影響を図1〜4にまとめた。これらの図から、前記NあるいはP添加剤を添加する、さらにその添加量を増加すると、試験後のシール材強度が改善されていることがわかる。
以上から、従来公知のシール膨潤剤のうち、フタル酸エチレングリコレートエステルに脂肪族アミンを組み合わせて添加した場合に限り、シール材の体積、硬さ、引張強度、伸びの何れの特性も試験前と同等に維持できることが判明した。
【0018】
【効果】
本発明によると、耐摩耗剤、酸化防止剤や粘度指数向上剤といった添加剤の他にゴムシール材の膨潤剤としてフタル酸エチレングリコレートエステルと脂肪族アミンを併用添加した場合は、ゴムシール材の容積と硬さを変化させることもなく、かつ強度を低下させることがない潤滑油が提供された。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】膨潤剤(G=1.0wt%)に対する一級アミン(N)の添加効果を示すグラフである。
【図2】膨潤剤(G=1.5wt%)に対する一級アミン(N)の添加効果を示すグラフである。
【図3】膨潤剤(G=1.0wt%)に対する一級アミン(P)の添加効果を示すグラフである。
【図4】膨潤剤(G=1.5wt%)に対する一級アミン(P)の添加効果を示すグラフである。
【図5】膨潤剤(G=1.0wt%)に対する一級アミン(Q)の添加効果を示すグラフである。
【図6】膨潤剤(G=1.5wt%)に対する一級アミン(Q)の添加効果を示すグラフである。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is used in lubricating oils that are required to be compatible with seal materials, such as industrial machine lubricating oils, automotive engine oils, gear oils, automatic transmission oils, construction machinery, agricultural machinery engines, transmissions, and the like. It relates to the lubricating oil.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, lubricating oils differ depending on the application, but viscosity characteristics, abrasion resistance, seizure resistance (extreme pressure), friction characteristics, corrosion resistance, low temperature fluidity, oxidation stability, rust resistance, rubber seal In many cases, it is required to be excellent in various properties such as compatibility with, defoaming properties and shear stability. For this reason, various types of lubricants such as viscosity index improvers, friction modifiers, antiwear agents, corrosion inhibitors, pour point depressants, antioxidants, rust inhibitors, ashless dispersants, metal detergents, antifoaming agents, etc. The additive is blended.
[0003]
Many of the properties can be improved by blending the additive into the lubricating oil. However, when such additives as described above are blended in the lubricating oil, compatibility with the sealing material often becomes a problem. That is, when the additive as described above is blended with the lubricating oil, the rubber seal material may shrink and the strength may be further reduced. Many of them are prominent when highly refined mineral oil or synthetic oil is used as the base oil.
Conventionally, in order to cope with the problem of shrinkage of the sealing material, a swelling agent for the sealing material is added in addition to the additives. However, although the conventionally known swelling agent can change the volume and hardness of the sealing material, the strength of the sealing material still cannot be improved.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY The present invention is used in lubricating oils that are required to be compatible with seal materials, such as industrial machine lubricating oils, automotive engine oils, gear oils, automatic transmission oils, construction machinery, agricultural machinery engines, transmissions, and the like. Another object of the present invention is to provide a lubricating oil composition that solves the properties required for lubricating oil, such as wear resistance, anti-seizure properties, wear properties, and the like, and the problems of shrinkage and strength reduction of rubber seal materials.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the present invention, by incorporating an aliphatic amine and ethylene glycolate phthalate in a lubricating oil composition, each characteristic required for the lubricating oil composition, in particular, wear resistance, anti-seizure property, wear characteristics, etc. An object of the present invention is to provide a lubricating oil composition excellent in compatibility with a rubber sealing material that does not change the volume and hardness of the sealing material and does not reduce the strength.
[0006]
Examples of the aliphatic amine used in the present invention include aliphatic primary amines such as laurylamine, caprylamine and stearylamine, aliphatic secondary amines such as distearylamine, and fats such as dimethylstearylamine. Group III tertiary amines and organic acid salts of these amines can be mentioned, and among these, the above aliphatic primary amines are preferable.
The alkyl group of the aliphatic amine has about 6 to 30 carbon atoms.
The amount of primary amine used varies depending on the type of amine used, but is usually about 0.01 to 5% by weight, preferably about 0.05 to 1.5% by weight of the total amount of the lubricating oil composition. is there.
[0007]
The type of the lubricating base oil used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and various conventionally known mineral oils, synthetic lubricating oils, mixed oils thereof and the like can be used. Examples of the mineral oil include light neutral oil, medium neutral oil, heavy neutral oil, bright stock, and highly refined base oil. Examples of the synthetic lubricating oil include poly α-olefin, polybutene, alkylbenzene, polyol ester, dibasic acid ester, polyoxyalkylene glycol, and silicone oil. These base oils can be used alone or in admixture of two or more.
[0008]
In the lubricating oil composition of the present invention, an additive usually added to the lubricating oil in addition to the aliphatic amine and ethylene glycolate phthalate to the lubricating base oil, such as a viscosity index improver, a friction Various additives such as a regulator, an antiwear agent, a corrosion inhibitor, a pour point depressant, an antioxidant, a rust inhibitor, an ashless dispersant, a metal detergent, and an antifoaming agent can be blended.
[0009]
As an example of the lubricating oil composition of the present invention, aliphatic amine 0.05 to 5% by weight, phthalic acid ethylene glycolate ester 1.0 to 1.5% by weight, antiwear agent (zinc dithiophosphate) 0.1 -5 wt%, friction modifier (stearic acid) 0.05-5 wt%, antioxidant (2,4,6-tri-t-butylphenol) 0.1-2 wt%, metal detergent (calcium sulfonate) ) 0.1-5 wt%, ashless dispersant (alkenyl succinimide) 0.1-5 wt%, viscosity index improver (polymethacrylate) 0.3-30 wt% and pour point depressant (polymeta Acrylate) and a lubricating oil composition comprising 0.1 to 2% by weight.
The lubricating oil composition of the present invention is particularly effective for a sealing material of synthetic rubber such as nitrile rubber, silicone rubber, and acrylic rubber.
[0010]
【Example】
Examples of the present invention will be described below.
1. The test oil used in the test was prepared by mixing the base oil shown in Table 1 below with various additives, the conventional swelling agents of C, F, G, K, L, and M shown in Table 2 below and this time A lubricating oil specifically for construction equipment transmissions, which was made by using G in combination with N, P, and Q amine compounds newly used as rubber seal swelling agents, was used.
2. Seal material compatibility test This test is based on JIS K-6301. After immersing the seal material (A305) test piece in the test oil at 140 ° C for 70 hours, the test piece volume, hardness, tensile strength and elongation were measured. Measurements were made and the changes to the respective measured values before immersion were determined.
[0011]
[Table 1]
In Table 1 above,
(1) Base oil A: poly α-olefin (viscosity at 100 ° C. 6.0 mm 2 / S)
(2) Base oil B: refined paraffinic mineral oil (viscosity at 100 ° C., 11.5 mm 2 / S)
(3) Antiwear agent: secondary zinc dithiophosphate (4) Ashless dispersant: Alkenyl succinimide (5) Detergent dispersant: Calcium sulfonate (6) Antioxidant: 2,4,6-tri-t-butylphenol (7) Viscosity index improver and pour point depressant: polymethacrylate
[Table 2]
[0013]
[Table 3]
[0014]
[Table 4]
[0015]
[Table 5]
[0016]
From the results shown in Tables 3 to 5, the lubricating oil (Comparative Examples 2 to 7) containing only the conventional swelling agents (F, G, K, L, and M) slightly improves the volume change rate and the hardness change of the sealing material. However, it was found that the tensile strength and elongation tend to decrease.
On the other hand, when the amine compound (N, P, Q) added for the purpose of improving the compatibility of the sealing material is used ( Comparative Examples 8 to 10 ), the tensile strength and the elongation are substantially changed. In these evaluation items, it was found that the characteristics of the sealing material before the test were maintained.
[0017]
Furthermore, for the purpose of investigating the interaction between the known seal swelling agent (G) and the primary amine, the compatibility of the sealing material with the sample oil obtained by adding the N or P additive to the known seal swelling agent (G) was examined. ( Examples 1-13 ).
To the strength (tensile strength and elongation) of the sealing material when 0.1 to 0.5 wt% of the N or P additive is added to the system in which the addition amount of the swelling agent G is 1.0 and 1.5 wt% The effects are summarized in FIGS. From these figures, it can be seen that when the N or P additive is added and the addition amount is further increased, the strength of the sealing material after the test is improved.
From the above, the properties of the volume, hardness, tensile strength, and elongation of the sealing material are all measured before testing only when an aliphatic amine is added to phthalic acid ethylene glycolate ester among the conventionally known seal swelling agents. It was found that the same can be maintained.
[0018]
【effect】
According to the present invention, in addition to additives such as antiwear agents, antioxidants, and viscosity index improvers, when ethylene glycolate phthalate and an aliphatic amine are added together as a swelling agent for rubber seal materials, the volume of the rubber seal material Thus, there is provided a lubricating oil that does not change the hardness and does not decrease the strength.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the effect of adding a primary amine (N) to a swelling agent (G = 1.0 wt%).
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the effect of adding a primary amine (N) to a swelling agent (G = 1.5 wt%).
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the effect of adding a primary amine (P) to a swelling agent (G = 1.0 wt%).
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the effect of adding a primary amine (P) to a swelling agent (G = 1.5 wt%).
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the effect of adding a primary amine (Q) to a swelling agent (G = 1.0 wt%).
FIG. 6 is a graph showing the effect of adding a primary amine (Q) to a swelling agent (G = 1.5 wt%).
Claims (5)
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JP36490097A JP4107702B2 (en) | 1997-12-19 | 1997-12-19 | Lubricating oil composition with excellent sealing material compatibility |
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JP36490097A JP4107702B2 (en) | 1997-12-19 | 1997-12-19 | Lubricating oil composition with excellent sealing material compatibility |
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JP4955998B2 (en) * | 2005-12-27 | 2012-06-20 | シェブロンジャパン株式会社 | Lubricating oil composition |
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