JP4077357B2 - Cavity forming member for cement materials - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cavity forming member for a cement-based material used for forming a drainage channel or an exploration path for filling confirmation of concrete or the like in a cement-based material such as concrete or mortar.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, as shown in FIG. 5, when a steel column 7 having a closed cross section is installed on the foundation in order to support a facility device 6 such as an antenna installed on the concrete foundation 5, it occurs inside the steel column 7. When it is necessary to discharge water to the outside of the foundation so as not to accumulate condensed water or infiltrated water, a drainage channel is formed by burying a drainage pipe 8 from the top of the concrete to the outside of the foundation.
[0003]
In this case, it is desirable to match the top of the drainage pipe with the top of the concrete for drainage, but if it is matched, floating water or cement may enter the drainage pipe when placing concrete. Therefore, the drain pipe must be installed with the upper end protruding above the top of the concrete. As a result, unless the amount of water that exceeds the length of the drainage pipe is collected on the foundation, the water inside the steel column will not be drained and the water will be collected, causing rust and flaws. .
[0004]
In such a case, the entire shape is coiled, and a mold that can be separated and deformed for each coil element of one pitch is embedded in the concrete (see Patent Document 1), and in the hardened concrete. A cavity can be formed as a drainage channel.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-341137 [0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, since the coil element of the formwork of Patent Document 1 has elasticity, the cross section of the drainage channel has its length as in the case where the cross-sectional area of the portion facing the concrete surface of the cavity is smaller than the cross-sectional area on the back side of the concrete. When it changes in direction or when it is irregular, it is difficult to recover the formwork after the concrete is hardened, and it may be forced to be buried.
[0007]
From this background, the present invention proposes a formwork that can be collected while forming a cavity of any shape even when the cross-sectional area of the portion facing the surface of the concrete is smaller than the cross-sectional area on the back side of the concrete To do.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the present invention , a plurality of coil elements that circulate at a pitch form a continuous shape in a three-dimensional shape, and both ends in the axial direction of the three-dimensional shape are closed in a used state to maintain a three-dimensional shape, and after use By constructing a cavity forming member using a plastically deformable wire rod that is unwound in the axial direction of the three-dimensional shape when receiving a tensile force from one end side of the three-dimensional shape in the axial direction, concrete, etc. Even when the cross-sectional area of the portion facing the surface of the material is smaller than the cross-sectional area on the back side, it is possible to easily collect the cavity forming member that is a mold while forming a cavity of an arbitrary shape.
[0009]
The wire is formed of a metal material having plasticity or a plastic property, or a ceramic material, and an ellipsoid or other rotating body shape with respect to a load from the outside of the cavity forming member when a cement-based material is placed, or Maintains the shape of an arbitrary three-dimensional shape such as a polygonal column shape, and after the cementitious material is hardened, it is subjected to a tensile force from one end of the cavity forming member, so that it is plastically deformed from one end side and unraveled into a string shape. . The material having a plastic property includes a material having an elastoplastic property that plasticizes when subjected to a tensile force exceeding a certain load.
[0010]
The wire rod is plastically deformed as it is, for example, by being wound around a mold simulating the shape of the assumed cavity, and after being plastically deformed into a string shape at the time of recovery, it does not restore itself to its original shape, but again Since it can be restored to its original shape by being wound around a mold, it is used repeatedly.
[0011]
The wire has a shape in which a plurality of coil elements are continuously formed into a three-dimensional coil shape, and the three-dimensional shape is maintained in use, so that adjacent coil elements are in close contact with each other in the cementitious material before hardening. The space on the inner peripheral side of the coil element is closed from the space on the outer peripheral side, and a cavity is formed in the cement-based material as the cement-based material is hardened. Since the cavity is formed in the three-dimensional shape that is the form of the cavity forming member when the wire is wound around the mold, it is formed in an arbitrary three-dimensional shape with an arbitrary length according to the three-dimensional shape of the preformed wire. .
[0012]
After the cement-based material is cured, the wire is pulled from one end side so that adjacent coil elements are separated from each other and detached from the cement-based material. After detachment, the wire in the form of a string as described above is wound around a mold to restore the three-dimensional cavity forming member.
[0013]
The part of the cavity facing the surface of the cementitious material, that is, the exit of the cavity, by unraveling the wire from the one end in the axial direction of the three-dimensional shape and releasing it from the cementitious material after hardening of the cementitious material Even when the cross section of the cavity is smaller than the cross sectional area of the back side, the cavity cross section changes in the length direction (depth direction) or is irregular, etc. Since the recovery can be performed easily, the situation in which the cavity forming member has to be buried is solved regardless of the size and shape of the exit of the cavity.
[0014]
In the cavity forming member of the present invention, adjacent coil elements are in close contact with each other to close the inner peripheral space of the coil element from the outer peripheral space. the possibility of penetration of Noro to the peripheral side of the space there Ru. Infiltrating Noro on formation of the cavity, on the surface of the wire in the state of use of the cavity forming member when there is trouble, occluder for closing a gap between adjacent coil elements is deposited.
[0015]
In order to maintain the state in which the gap between adjacent coil elements is closed in the use state of the cavity forming member, the plugging material is in a liquid state when adhering to the wire, such as wax or paint, and solidifies after adhering Is used. By filling the gap between the adjacent coil elements with the blocking material, the infiltration of Noro into the space on the inner peripheral side of the coil element is prevented.
[0016]
In case there is a possibility of penetration of the slot from between adjacent coil elements, a covering material is continuously wrapped around the wire in the length direction thereof. The covering material has a cylindrical shape with a length that allows at least a portion of the wire forming the three-dimensional shape to be inserted, and is formed of cloth, synthetic resin, or the like.
[0017]
Since the cavity forming member has a shape in which a wire is covered with a covering material, a plurality of coil elements that circulate at one pitch as described above are formed in a continuous three-dimensional coil shape, and the axial direction of the three-dimensional shape is in use. A wire that can be plastically deformed so that the coil elements are unwound in the axial direction of the three-dimensional shape when the end portions of the three-dimensional shape are closed to maintain the three-dimensional shape, and after use, the coil elements are unwound in the axial direction of the three-dimensional shape. And a covering material that continuously covers around the wire in the length direction thereof.
[0018]
The wire material has a shape in which a plurality of coil elements are continuously formed into a three-dimensional coil shape, and the three-dimensional shape is maintained in use, so that the covering material elements around the adjacent coil elements are cemented before hardening. The space close to each other in the material closes the space on the inner peripheral side of the coil element from the space on the outer peripheral side, and forms a cavity in the cement-based material as the cement-based material hardens. In this case as well, the cavity is formed in the three-dimensional shape that is the form of the cavity forming member when the wire is wound around the mold, so that it has an arbitrary three-dimensional shape and an arbitrary length according to the three-dimensional shape of the wire formed in advance. It is formed.
[0019]
After the cement-based material is cured, the coil element is unwound in a string shape in the axial direction of the three-dimensional shape when the wire material receives a tensile force from one end in the axial direction of the three-dimensional shape. The dressing elements around the coil elements separate from each other and detach from the hardened cementitious material. After detachment, the wire in the form of a string is wound around the mold to restore the three-dimensional cavity forming member.
[0020]
Although the hollow forming member is in the form of covering the wire with a coating material , the wire is untied from one end in the axial direction of the three-dimensional shape after the cement-based material is hardened and detached from the cement-based material, When the cross section of the cavity changes in the length direction (depth direction), such as when the cross section of the cavity facing the surface of the cementitious material, that is, the cross section of the exit of the cavity is smaller than the cross section of the back side, or irregular In such cases, the cavity forming member can be easily recovered from the hardened cementitious material, so that the situation in which the cavity forming member has to be buried is eliminated regardless of the size and shape of the exit of the cavity. The
[0021]
As described above, the wire covered with the covering material is formed of a metal material or a ceramic material having plasticity or a plastic property, and is applied to the load from the outside of the cavity forming member when the cementitious material is placed. On the other hand, the shape of an arbitrary three-dimensional shape such as an ellipsoid or other rotating body, or a polygonal column shape is maintained, and after the cementitious material is hardened, it is forced to receive a tensile force from one end of the cavity forming member. It is plastically deformed from the side and is unraveled in a string shape together with the covering material.
[0022]
As the wire is covered with the covering material, it is wound around a mold that simulates the shape of the cavity assumed as described above, and is then plastically deformed to form a three-dimensional shape together with the covering material. After that, since it can be restored to its original form by being wound around the mold again, it is used repeatedly.
[0023]
While the hollow forming member has a shape in which the wire is covered with the covering material, the covering material element around the adjacent coil element maintains the close contact state by the close contact between the coil elements of the wire material that is the core of the coil element. closing the space circumferential side from the space on the outer peripheral side, but from adjacent dressing element, the possibility of penetration of slag into the space on the inner circumferential side of the coil elements there Ru. Infiltrating Noro on formation of the cavity, if there is trouble in the surface of the dressing in use state of the cavity forming member as claimed in claim 2, the gap between the surrounding of the dressing element adjacent coil elements A plugging material that plugs is attached.
[0024]
The sealing material is in a liquid state when adhering to the coating material, such as the wax described above, so that the gap between adjacent coating material elements can be maintained in the use state of the cavity forming member, and solidifies after the adhesion. Material to be used. In this case, after the wire is covered with the covering material, the closing material fills the gaps between the adjacent covering material elements, so that it is possible to prevent the intrusion of Noro.
[0025]
The shape of the three-dimensional cavity forming member according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the diameter of the cross section of the coil element itself of the wire rod is extremely smaller than the diameter of the coil element of one pitch or the rigidity of the wire rod itself is poor. When there is a possibility that the maintenance ability is reduced and there is a possibility of deformation with respect to the load from the outside of the cavity forming member at the time of placing the cement-based material, the three-dimensional shape between the axial ends as described in claim 3 The core material is inserted, and the shape maintaining ability of the cavity forming member is supplemented.
[0026]
In this case, when the cavity forming member is about to be crushed by the pressure at the time of placing the cementitious material, the deformation of the cavity forming member is prevented by contacting the inner surface of the coil element or the covering element with the core material. Is done.
[0027]
In the first aspect of the invention, as shown in FIG. 2, a plurality of coil elements 2a that circulate at one pitch are formed in a continuous shape in the form of a three-dimensional coil , and around the wire 2 in its length direction. It is a cavity forming member 1 composed of a covering material 3 that is continuously coated, and both are embedded in the cement-based material A before being cured, and together with the hardening of the cement-based material A, a cavity B is formed in the cement-based material A. The cement-based material A includes cement paste, grout, soil cement and the like in addition to concrete and mortar.
[0028]
Hereinafter, the cavity forming member 1 according to the first aspect of the present invention will be described.
[0029]
The coil element 2a is a unit that circulates at one pitch in the wire 2 that is continuous in a coil shape, and covers the coil element 2a unit in the covering 3 that continuously covers the periphery of the wire 2 in the length direction. This portion is referred to as a covering material element 3a. In the first aspect , since the covering material 3 surrounds the wire 2 and the both are not separated, the wire 2 including the covering 3 may be hereinafter referred to as the wire 2.
[0030]
As shown in FIG. 3, the wire 2 is wound around a mold (not shown) so that the covering element 3a covering each coil element 2a is in close contact with the covering element 3a of the adjacent coil element 2a when the cavity forming member 1 is used. 1 to form a three-dimensional shape as a whole. As shown in FIG. 1, the diameter of the coil element 2a is gradually reduced so that both ends of the wire 2 in the axial direction of the three-dimensional shape close the end surface of the three-dimensional shape. Close in shape. The end 2b including the covering 3 that does not affect the formation of the three-dimensional shape of the wire 2 extends linearly without being wound from the three-dimensional end surface portion in order to facilitate the unraveling operation at the time of recovery.
[0031]
Since the three-dimensional shape is determined by the shape of each coil element 2a having one pitch and the combination of a plurality of coil elements 2a, an ellipsoid or other rotating body is formed when the coil element 2a is circular, and a polygon is formed. Has a polygonal column shape, and the cavity forming member 1 is formed into an arbitrary three-dimensional shape.
[0032]
FIG. 1 shows a case where the cavity forming member 1 is formed in a cylindrical shape having substantially the same cross-sectional area over the entire axial length of the three-dimensional shape, but the adjacent coil elements 2a, 2a or coil elements 2a, 2a are Since the inflow of the cement-based material A can be prevented if the covering material elements 3a and 3a to be coated can be kept in close contact with each other, the cross-sectional area changes in the axial direction of the three-dimensional shape as shown in FIGS. Also formed in shape. 4 shows that the cross-sectional area of the three-dimensional shape gradually increases from one end side to the other end side in the axial direction, FIG. This is a case where the shape is formed so that the area gradually decreases.
[0033]
After the use of the cavity forming member 1, that is, after the cementitious material is cured, the coil element 2a is plastically deformed by being pulled from one end in the axial direction of the three-dimensional shape, and is unraveled in a string shape in the three-dimensional axial direction. It is not restored to a three-dimensional shape.
[0034]
The wire 2 is made of lead, copper, brass, aluminum, a metal material such as an aluminum alloy or a magnesium alloy, or a ceramic material containing alumina or the like so as not to be restored to a three-dimensional shape after being unwound into a string. It is formed of a material having plastic properties, including a material having or a material having elasto-plastic properties.
[0035]
The covering material 3 is formed in a cylindrical shape from a flexible material that can freely follow plastic deformation of the wire 2 such as cloth and synthetic resin as described above, and at least the three-dimensional shape of the wire 2 is formed as shown in FIG. The part to be formed has a length that can be inserted.
[0036]
According to the material of the covering material 3, a blocking material 4 that closes the gap between the covering element elements 3 a and 3 a around the adjacent coil elements 2 a and 2 a is attached to the surface of the cavity forming member 1 as shown in FIG. It is done. In addition to the above-mentioned wax, a material that can prevent the intrusion of Noro when the cavity forming member 1 is in use, such as water-based paint, oil-based paint, spray coating, and wax, is used for the blocking material 4.
[0037]
4 and FIG. 6, in order to support the equipment 6 such as an antenna installed on the concrete foundation 5 as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. The usage example of the cavity formation member 1 at the time of embedding the drain pipe 8 from the end to the exterior of the concrete foundation 5 and forming a drainage channel is shown.
[0038]
Here, in order to prevent the intrusion of floating water or the like into the drainage pipe 8 at the time of placing the concrete, the concrete foundation 5 is placed on the concrete 5a in which the drainage pipe 8 is buried, and the surface layer portion thereof, and the steel column 7 However, the cavity forming member 1 forms a cavity B as a drainage channel in the grout 5b near the top end of the concrete base 5 that is the cement-based material A. .
[0039]
The concrete 5a is placed when the installation of the drain pipe 8 is completed. After the concrete 5a is hardened, the cavity forming member 1 is installed at the upper end of the drain pipe 8, and then the height of the cavity forming member 1 in the axial direction is reached. Grout 5b is placed. The cavity forming member 1 is fixed to the upper end portion of the drain pipe 8 by simple means such as an adhesive tape 9. The upper end of the drain pipe 8 protrudes from the top end of the concrete 5a, but is embedded in the grout 5b. The upper end portion of the cavity forming member 1 protrudes from the top end of the grout 5b.
[0040]
The cavity forming member 1 is recovered by pulling one of the end portions 2b after the grout 5b is cured. If the cavity forming member 1 can be recovered from the end 2b on the upper end side, the cavity forming member 1 may be installed in a state of being inserted into the upper end of the drain pipe 8, but if the steel column 7 is a closed cross section, the upper end Since the end portion 2b on the lower end side that does not form a three-dimensional shape is extended to the end portion on the discharge port 8a side of the drain pipe 8 as shown in FIG. The cavity forming member 1 is recovered by projecting from the outlet 8a and pulling the lower end 2b thereof.
[0041]
FIG. 7 shows a state in which the cavity forming member 1 is installed at the upper end of the drain pipe 8 with the cavity forming member 1 inserted into the pipe 10 in order to protect the cavity forming member 1 from impact when the grout 5b is placed in the case of FIG. Show.
[0042]
In this case, the pipe 10 cannot be recovered from the lower end side together with the cavity forming member 1 and is buried in the grout 5b, so that the discharge of the water accumulated on the grout 5b to the drain pipe 8 is obstructed. In order to avoid this, the pipe 10 is partially drilled with holes 10a.
[0043]
FIG. 8 shows an installation example of the cavity forming member 1 when the exploration part 12 for confirming the filling state of the concrete 11 is formed in the concrete 11 which is the cement material A.
[0044]
The filling condition of the concrete 11 is confirmed by a small camera inserted through the exploration path 13 continuously formed in the concrete 11, but the portion of the exploration path 13 to confirm the filling condition of the concrete 11 is concrete. Since it is necessary to directly face 11, the entire length of the exploration path 13 cannot be formed by the pipe 14 having no opening.
[0045]
In such a case, as shown in FIG. 8, the pipe 14 is partially discontinuous, the cavity forming member 1 is disposed in the discontinuous portion of the pipe 14, and the concrete 11 is placed. By retrieving the member 1, the exploration part 12 can be formed.
[0046]
FIGS. 9 and 10 show an example of the cavity forming member 1 according to claim 3 in which a core material 15 is inserted between both axial ends of the wire 2 having a three-dimensional shape.
[0047]
The wire 2 or the covering material 3 is wound around the core material 15 directly or in a state where a space is secured between the inner peripheral surface of the wire material 2 or the covering material 3 and the surface of the core material 15. Since the diameter in the case of a circle is smaller than the three-dimensional cross section including the surface of the wire 2, the cavity B in the cementitious material A is formed according to the three-dimensional shape of the cavity forming member 1. At the time of recovery, the wire 2 is unwound and the core material 15 is pulled out, or the core material 15 is pulled out and then the wire material 2 is unwound.
[0048]
Since the cross section of the core material 15 is smaller than the cross section of the cavity B, the core material 15 does not necessarily need to be deformable. However, depending on the shape of the cavity B, or to facilitate the extraction of the core material 15, it can be deformed. Materials are used. Also in this case, the end portion 2b of the wire 2 extends linearly without being wound from the three-dimensional end surface portion in order to facilitate the unraveling operation at the time of recovery.
[0049]
【The invention's effect】
In claim 1, a plurality of coil elements that circulate at a pitch form a continuous shape in a three-dimensional coil shape, and both ends of the three-dimensional axial direction are closed in use to maintain the three-dimensional shape and use After that, when a cavity forming member is formed by a plastically deformable wire that is unwound in the axial direction of the three-dimensional shape when receiving a tensile force from one end side of the three-dimensional axial direction, When the cross section of the part facing the surface is smaller than the cross sectional area of the back side, the case where the cross section of the cavity changes in the length direction (depth direction) or is irregular, etc. The cavity forming member can be easily recovered, and the situation in which the cavity forming member must be buried regardless of the size and shape of the exit of the cavity can be solved.
[0050]
Since the wire can be plastically deformed, it can be restored to its original shape by being wound around the mold again after being plastically deformed into a string shape, so that the cavity forming member can be used repeatedly.
[0051]
On the surface of the wire in the state of use of the cavity forming member, when adhered with occluder for closing a gap between adjacent coil elements, since it is possible to fill the gaps between adjacent coil elements, the coil elements It is possible to prevent Noro from entering the circumferential space.
[0052]
In particular, by covering the wire with a covering material that continuously covers it in the length direction, the gap between adjacent coil elements can be filled, preventing the entry of noro into the inner space of the coil element. can do.
[0053]
Also, when the cement material is cured, the wire is untied from one end in the axial direction of the solid shape and detached from the cement material, so that the cross section of the cavity changes in the length direction (depth direction) Even in irregular cases, the cavity forming member can be easily recovered from the hardened cementitious material, so the cavity forming member must be buried regardless of the size and shape of the exit of the cavity. Can be eliminated.
[0054]
The surface of the coating material in the state of use of the cavity forming member in the claims 2, by adhering the occluder for closing a gap between adjacent coil elements, on which the wire is coated with a coating material, adjacent Since the blocking material fills the gaps between the covering material elements, it is possible to reliably prevent Noro from entering the space on the inner peripheral side of the coil element.
[0055]
In claim 3 , when the hollow forming member is crushed by the pressure at the time of placing the cement-based material in order to insert the core material between the axial ends of the three-dimensional shape and supplement the shape maintaining ability of the hollow forming member Also, deformation of the cavity forming member can be prevented.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of forming a cavity forming member according to claim 1 ;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a state in which a coating material covers a wire.
FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along the axis of FIG.
FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of using a cavity forming member on a concrete foundation.
FIG. 5 is an elevational view showing a use location of FIG. 4;
6 is a partially enlarged cross-sectional view of the column base portion of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state where a cavity forming member is protected by a pipe.
FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view showing an example of use when an exploration part is formed in concrete.
9 is an elevation view showing an example of forming the cavity forming member according to claim 3. FIG.
10 is a longitudinal sectional view taken along the axis of FIG.

Claims (3)

  A member that is embedded in the cementitious material before hardening and forms a cavity in the cementitious material as the cementitious material hardens, and has a shape in which a plurality of coil elements that circulate at one pitch are continuous in a three-dimensional coil shape. In the state of use, both ends of the three-dimensional shape in the axial direction are closed to maintain the shape of the three-dimensional shape, and the coil element is three-dimensional when receiving tensile force from one end side of the three-dimensional shape in the axial direction after use. A plastically deformable wire that is unwound in the axial direction of the wire, and a covering material that continuously covers the wire around its length in the length direction, and the covering material element around the adjacent coil element in the cementitious material before hardening Are in close contact with each other, block the inner circumferential space of the coil element from the outer circumferential space, and after hardening the cementitious material, when the wire receives a tensile force from one end, the covering material around the adjacent coil element Elements are separated from each other And, cementitious material cavity forming member for withdrawal from the cementitious material. On the surface of the dressing in use, adjacent coil elements around the dressing element between cement material cavity forming member according to claim 1, wherein the occluder is attached for closing the gap. The cavity forming member for a cement-based material according to claim 1 , wherein a core material is inserted between both ends of the three-dimensional shape in the axial direction.

Images