JP4056247B2 - Electric vehicle power supply system - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a system for supplying power for driving an electric vehicle traveling on a track such as a tram.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, railway vehicles that travel on tracks while carrying cargo and people are powered by electric energy, fuel (steam engines, internal combustion engines), compressed air, etc. An electric vehicle that supplies a direct current or an alternating current to a vehicle via an overhead wire or the like has become mainstream.
As shown in FIG. 8, the electric vehicle power source supply method supplies electricity sent from a substation to a railway substation 5 equipped with a transformer, a current transformer, and the like in the railway system. A structure in which a current is transformed and stepped down at the railway substation 5 and then supplied to the power supply line 9. Electricity supplied from the power supply line is introduced into the train by the pantograph 2 through the trolley line 8 and the train 1 is run. It has become.
[0003]
The power collection system for trains driven by electric power as a power source includes an overhead single line system, an overhead double line system, a third rail system, etc. The schematic configuration of the overhead single line system is shown in FIG. 6 as the most common system. .
This system is composed of one trolley wire 8, a device for suspending the trolley wire 8, a support device such as a power pole and beam, and a protection device, and a feeder line 7 from the substation 5. 6.
As shown in FIG. 6, the trolley wire 8 is suspended by a large number of support wires 15 and 16.
[0004]
On the other hand, in addition to using only the electric power from the above-described overhead line as a power source, a system equipped with a driving device such as a generator installed in the train body is used. Power is supplied from an auxiliary power source provided in the vehicle when a large amount of power is required, such as when climbing or starting, or when a power failure occurs.
Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-33122 describes both a non-electrified section, which is an area where a diesel vehicle or the like normally travels, and an electrified section where an overhead line where an electric vehicle travels is run. A railway vehicle capable of traveling is disclosed. This invention is configured such that at least one of the two-car trains is a motor vehicle and at least one other is an accompanying vehicle, and further, in a non-electrified section, electric power from a generator driven by the engine of the accompanying vehicle. On the other hand, the electrification section is provided with a converter for switching power so as to receive power from the overhead line.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in a train that uses electric power from the power plant as a main power source, as shown in FIG. 6, a large number of wirings 15 and 16 are arranged to support the trolley wire. For example, as shown in FIG. 5, in the track curve portion 25, the wiring 20 is complicated and requires a very difficult construction technique and is installed. There is a problem that costs increase.
In particular, in a tram that runs in an urban area, there are many curved parts, which causes problems such as an increase in maintenance costs and a deterioration of the cityscape.
[0006]
In addition, an electric vehicle having an auxiliary power source separately from the main power source as in the prior art is a railway vehicle that can travel in both electrified and non-electrified sections, but the overhead line is not wired. It is intended to enter the non-electrified section of the distance across the switching station, and it is difficult to pass while traveling on the section where no overhead line is installed, and the overhead line such as a curved part, strait, river crossing part etc. There is no description about an overhead wire structure that can be used in places where it is difficult to arrange, and it has not yet been possible to solve the problem that advanced construction technology and high installation costs are required as described above.
Therefore, in view of the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a power supply for an electric vehicle that can smoothly supply power to the electric vehicle without installing a complicated overhead wire in an area where the overhead wire is difficult, such as a curved portion. The purpose is to provide a system.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, in order to solve the problem, the present invention described in claim 1
In a power supply system for an electric vehicle that is supplied with electric power from an electric power station via an overhead line and driven on the track by the electric power,
First power supply means for supplying electric power via the overhead line in the overhead line area where the overhead line is disposed, and using the power as a drive source;
A second power supply means having at least one of a fuel cell, a storage battery, a diesel generator or a diesel engine provided in the electric vehicle as a power source;
A signal transmission means installed near the boundary between the overhead line area and the non-overhead line area, and a signal detection means mounted on the electric vehicle,
When the signal detection means detects a switching signal from the signal transmission means, the first power supply means and the second power supply means are switched.
[0008]
According to this invention, since it is not necessary to provide complicated overhead lines, steel towers, etc. in places where it is difficult to arrange overhead lines such as curved sections, straits, river crossings, etc., the landscape is not impaired, and the installation cost is reduced. It can be reduced. Furthermore, since power supply means that does not rely on overhead wire power is provided, power can be supplied smoothly even in an area where the overhead wire is not disposed.
Further, the section in which the second power supply means is used in such an invention is not a section for starting and accelerating, and is often in a state where inertial energy is maintained and is a relatively short distance, and requires a large amount of power. And not. Therefore, the second power supply means included in the electric vehicle can be reduced in size.
Furthermore, a signal transmission means installed near the boundary between the overhead line area and the non-overhead line area and a signal detection means mounted on the electric vehicle are provided, and the signal detection means detects a switching signal from the signal transmission means. In order to switch between the first power supply means and the second power supply means, the first power supply means to the second power supply means, or the second power supply means to the first When switching to the power supply means, the power supply means can be automatically switched by receiving a switching signal transmitted from the signal transmission means installed on the rail or the like by the signal detection means provided in the train. Thus, power can be easily and reliably supplied.
[0009]
The invention according to claim 2 is characterized in that an overhead line structure is provided for each of the overhead line sections, and electric power is supplied to each of the overhead line areas via the independent overhead line structure.
In this way, for example, when the non-overhead line area is long, a cable that electrically connects the overhead line areas by providing a substation in each of the overhead line areas divided by the non-overhead line area to form an independent overhead line structure. It is not necessary to provide etc., and waste can be saved. In addition, since each overhead wire section is made independent, it is possible to perform reliable control and to easily find defects such as disconnection and failure.
[0010]
On the other hand, in the invention according to claim 3, at least a part of the overhead line areas adjacent to each other is electrically connected to be grouped, and power is supplied from the first power supply means to each of the grouped overhead line areas. It is configured to be possible.
According to this invention, for example, when the non-overhead line area is short, the end point and the start point of the adjacent overhead line area sandwiching the non-overhead line area are connected in a substantially straight line without disposing a complicated overhead line, and Since there is no need to install equipment such as a substation, the landscape can be maintained well and the installation cost can be minimized.
In addition, it is preferable to arrange | position the part which protrudes out of a train track with the cable which connects the said overhead wire area so that it may not become obstructive, such as embed | buried in the ground.
[0011]
Furthermore, the invention according to claim 4 is a power supply system using a storage battery for the second power supply means, and supplies power to the first power supply means via an overhead line in the overhead line section. The surplus power is stored in the storage battery.
This is because, for example, the power supplied excessively by the normal power supply in the overhead line area, or the electric power for storage stored in excess in the area by holding at least a part of the overhead line area at a higher voltage than usual. By using it in the non-overhead line area, it is possible to supplement the power with only a conventional energy source without supplying energy from the outside.
[0012]
(Delete)
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. However, the dimensions, materials, shapes, relative arrangements, and the like of the components described in this embodiment are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention unless otherwise specified, but are merely illustrative examples. Not too much.
1 and 2 are schematic diagrams showing an overhead wire structure according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIGS. 3 and 4 are schematic configuration diagrams showing a power source switching system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, the electric car is a tram that travels on a rail track laid on the road, but this is particularly limited as long as it is a vehicle that travels on the track and uses electric power as a main power source. is not.
[0014]
1 and 2, 3 is a rail, 5, 5a and 5b are railway substations, 6 is a return line, 7 is a feeder, 8, 8a and 8b are trolley wires, and 30a and 30b are transmission sensors.
A is an overhead line area located on the track straight line portion of the tram, and B is a non-overhead line area located on the track curve portion. A trolley wire 8 is laid over the overhead line area A, but not over the non-overhead line area B. Then, the end point of the trolley line arranged in the overhead line area A and the start point of the trolley line of the straight part A adjacent to the non-overhead line area B are connected to each other in an almost straight line by the electric cable 80. Yes.
[0015]
Such an overhead wire structure is provided with at least one electric railway substation 5, and electricity 10 generated at the electric power station is first stepped down to an appropriate voltage at the electric railway substation 5 and used in a DC system. Is converted into direct current by a rectifier (not shown). The stepped-down electricity 10 is supplied to the trolley line 8 through the feeder line 7, taken into the streetcar from the trolley line 8, converted into driving power, and then returned to the return line 6 through the rail 3.
Further, in the non-overhead line area B, a driving power device (not shown) mounted on the tram is activated, and the tram is drivingly running. The drive power device is a device including at least one of a fuel cell, a storage battery, a diesel generator, or a diesel engine.
[0016]
Moreover, as an overhead line structure showing another embodiment, FIG. 2 shows an overhead line structure in which the overhead line areas have independent wiring systems. This is because the trolley lines 8a and 8b are respectively provided in the overhead line area A provided to avoid the non-overhead line area B located in the track curve portion of the tram, and the railway substations 5a and 5b provided in the overhead line area A, respectively. The electricity 10 sent from the power plant is sent to the independent wiring systems including the trolley wires 8a and 8b via the substations 5a and 5b.
Thus, for example, when the adjacent overhead line areas A are close to each other, the overhead line areas A are connected with each other at 80 by an electric cable to construct a grouped overhead line system, and the non-overhead line area When B extends over a long distance, it is preferable to provide a railway substation for each of the overhead wire areas. There may be a plurality of overhead line structures in one line.
[0017]
3 and 4 show the power source switching system provided in the embodiment. 3 and 4, 2 is a pantograph that takes in electricity from the trolley wire 8, 30 is a transmission sensor that transmits a switching signal, 35 is a wheel of a tram, 38 is a receiving unit that receives the switching signal from the transmission sensor, Reference numeral 40 denotes a speed reducer that controls the rotation of wheels, 45 denotes a motor driven by power, 31, 32 denotes a power source switching unit, and 50 denotes a fuel cell.
[0018]
In such a system, the electric power supplied to the tram 1 is taken from the pantograph 2 via the trolley line 8 while traveling in the overhead line section A, and the taken-in electricity is a power source switching unit set to ON. The motor 45 is driven through the power supply line 7 through 31 and power is transmitted to the speed reducer 40, and power is supplied to the wheels 35 while controlling the power transmission speed by the speed reducer 40.
Then, when the wheel 35 traveling in the overhead wire section A travels on the transmission sensor 30a, the receiving unit 38 provided on the driving shaft of the train detects the switching signal transmitted from the transmission sensor 30, and the switching (not shown) The power source switching unit 31 is turned off by the control device, and the power source switching unit 32 is controlled to be turned on. Electricity is supplied from the fuel cell 50 to the motor 45 via the feeder line 51, and the wheel 35 is rotated. I run a tram.
[0019]
Further, at the end of the non-overhead section B, the receiving unit 38 similarly detects the switching signal of the transmission sensor 30b, and performs the ON / OFF switching control of the line opposite to the above, so that the fuel cell 50 Then, the vehicle travels through the overhead wire section A by feeding power from the trolley wire 8 again.
In this way, by using a train having two or more power sources, the trolley wire 8 such as a curved portion is configured so as not to be supplied with power from the trolley wire 8 in a section where it is difficult to install the trolley wire. The overhead wire in the overhead wire section B, the suspension device and the support device associated therewith are not required, and the cost can be greatly reduced. In addition, the scenery is good because there are no overhead lines.
[0020]
FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of the power source switching system, which shows a system equipped with a storage battery 53.
Such a system has substantially the same configuration as the power source switching system of FIG. 3 described above, but electricity supplied from the trolley wire 8 via the pantograph 2 is first introduced into the power storage switching mechanism 55, and the power storage switching is performed. The power storage switching unit 33 and the power source switching unit 31 are controlled by the mechanism 55 and the amount of electricity supplied to the storage battery 53 is adjusted.
When a current flows through the trolley wire 8 with a normal voltage, the power source switching unit 31 is turned on to supply the minimum amount of electricity necessary for driving the train to the driving device side, and The power storage switching unit 33 controls the opening degree and supplies surplus power to the storage battery 53.
[0021]
At this time, an interval until the electric power is sufficiently stored in the storage battery 53 can be stored in the storage battery 53 by passing an extra current through the trolley wire 8 at a voltage higher than normal. good.
While traveling in the overhead wire section A, the power switching unit 31 is turned on to drive the motor 45, and the vehicle travels by rotating the wheel 35 via the speed reducer 40. The signal receiving unit 38 provided in the vehicle is a transmission sensor. When the switching signal from 30 is received, the power switching unit 31 is turned OFF and the power switching unit 32 connected to the storage battery 53 is turned ON, and the electricity stored in the storage battery 53 is transferred to the motor 45 via the feeder line 54. The vehicle is driven and driven in the section of the non-overhead section B.
[0022]
Further, at the end of the non-overhead section B, the receiving unit 38 similarly detects the switching signal of the transmission sensor 30b, and performs the ON / OFF switching control of the line opposite to the above, so that the storage battery 53 The power is cut off and the vehicle travels in the overhead wire section A by power feeding from the trolley wire 8, and the battery 53 is charged as necessary.
In this way, the storage battery 53 is provided as the second power supply means, and the surplus power supplied via the overhead line is stored in the storage battery 53, so that only the conventional energy source can be used without supplying energy from the outside. Power can be supplemented. The storage battery 53 may be either an open type or a sealed type, and can use a floating charging method, a trickle charging method, or the like, and is not particularly limited.
[0023]
In addition to the above, the second power supply means may be a diesel generator or a diesel engine (not shown). The diesel generator uses electricity generated by a diesel generator instead of a fuel cell with the same configuration as the embodiment, and the diesel engine has a mechanism different from that of the embodiment, for example, a diesel engine. The output shaft may be directly connected to the speed reducer to provide a clutch switching valve or the like so that the power can be smoothly switched with the motor driven by the second power supply source.
These second power supply means can also be used as auxiliary power in an overhead line area that requires a large amount of power, for example, when starting or climbing.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, there is no need to provide complicated overhead lines or steel towers in places where it is difficult to arrange overhead lines such as curved sections, straits, river crossings, etc. Also, the installation cost can be reduced. Further, since power supply means that does not rely on overhead power is provided, power can be supplied smoothly even in non-overhead areas.
In addition, by providing a substation in each of the overhead line areas divided by the non-overhead line area to form an independent overhead line structure, it is not necessary to provide cables or the like for electrically connecting the overhead line areas, thereby eliminating waste. I can do it. In addition, since each overhead wire section is made independent, it is possible to perform reliable control and to easily find defects such as disconnection and failure.
[0025]
Furthermore, by connecting the end point and the start point of the adjacent overhead line area almost linearly across the non-overhead line area, it is not necessary to install complicated overhead lines and to install facilities such as substations. , The landscape can be maintained well and the installation cost can be minimized.
Further, by storing surplus power in the overhead line area in the storage battery and using the stored power as a power source, the power can be supplemented only with a conventional energy source without supplying energy from the outside.
[0026]
Furthermore, the signal detection means provided in the train during the transition from the first power supply means to the second power supply means, or from the second power supply means to the first power supply means, By receiving the switching signal transmitted from the signal transmission means installed on the rail or the like, the power supply means can be automatically switched, and power supply can be performed easily and reliably.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an overhead wire structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an overhead wire structure according to another embodiment of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a power source switching system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
4 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a power source switching system according to another embodiment of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view showing an overhead line state of a curved portion.
FIG. 6 is a schematic side view showing an overhead line state of a straight portion.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing a conventional power supply system.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a conventional overhead single wire current collecting system.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Tram 3 Rail 5, 5a, 5b Electric railway substation 6 Return line 7 Feeding line 8 Trolley line 9 Feeding line 10 Electricity 20 Wiring 30, 30a, 30b Transmission sensor 31, 32 Power source switching part 38 Receiving part 50 Fuel cell 51 , 54 Feed line 53 Storage battery 55 Storage switching mechanism 80 Communication part A Overhead line area B Non-overhead line area

Claims (4)

In a power supply system for an electric vehicle that is supplied with electric power from an electric power station via an overhead line and driven on the track by the electric power,
First power supply means for supplying electric power via the overhead line in the overhead line area where the overhead line is disposed, and using the power as a drive source;
A second power supply means having at least one of a fuel cell, a storage battery, a diesel generator or a diesel engine provided in the electric vehicle as a power source;
A signal transmission means installed near the boundary between the overhead line area and the non-overhead line area, and a signal detection means mounted on the electric vehicle,
An electric vehicle power supply system that switches between the first power supply means and the second power supply means when the signal detection means detects a switching signal from the signal transmission means .   2. The electric vehicle power supply system according to claim 1, wherein each of the overhead wire sections has an independent overhead wire structure, and electric power is supplied to each of the overhead wire areas via the independent overhead wire structure.   The at least some adjacent areas of the overhead line areas are electrically connected to be grouped, and power can be supplied from the first power supply means for each grouped overhead line area. Item 4. A power supply system for an electric vehicle according to Item 1.   A power supply system using a storage battery for the second power supply means, wherein power is supplied to the first power supply means via an overhead line in the overhead line area and surplus power is stored in the storage battery. The electric vehicle power supply system according to claim 1.

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