JP4039026B2 - Method for producing 3-amino-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid ester - Google Patents
Method for producing 3-amino-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid ester Download PDFInfo
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- JP4039026B2 JP4039026B2 JP2001313443A JP2001313443A JP4039026B2 JP 4039026 B2 JP4039026 B2 JP 4039026B2 JP 2001313443 A JP2001313443 A JP 2001313443A JP 2001313443 A JP2001313443 A JP 2001313443A JP 4039026 B2 JP4039026 B2 JP 4039026B2
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- amino
- acid ester
- thiophenecarboxylic acid
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- methylthio
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- 0 *OC(c([s]cc1)c1N)=O Chemical compound *OC(c([s]cc1)c1N)=O 0.000 description 1
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、医薬・農薬等の合成原料として有用な3-アミノ-2-チオフェンカルボン酸エステルの製法に関する。特に、3-アミノ-2-チオフェンカルボン酸エステルは、抗高血圧剤として有用なエンドセリンアゴニスト化合物及びエンドセリンアンタゴニスト化合物の合成原料として利用出来る(例えば、WO 98/49162)。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、3-アミノ-2-チオフェンカルボン酸エステルの製法としては、例えば、塩基の存在下、2-クロロアクリロニトリル又は2,3-ジクロロプロピオニトリルとグリコール酸メチルを反応させて、収率92〜94%で3-アミノ-2-チオフェンカルボン酸エステルを得る方法が開示されている(特開平5-117263号公報)。しかしながら、当研究者らがこの方法を追試実験したところ、3-アミノ-2-チオフェンカルボン酸エステルはほとんど生成せず、再現性が得られなかった(後の比較例1に記載)。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の課題は、上記問題点を解決し、入手が容易な3,3-ビス(アルコキシカルボニル-メチルチオ)プロピオニトリルから、高収率で3-アミノ-2-チオフェンカルボン酸エステルを得る、工業的に好適な3-アミノ-2-チオフェンカルボン酸エステルの製法を提供するものである。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の課題は、塩基の存在下、一般式(1)
【0005】
【化3】
【0006】
(式中、R1は、炭素数1〜5のアルキル基を示す。)
で示される3,3-ビス(アルコキシカルボニル-メチルチオ)プロピオニトリルを環化反応させることを特徴とする、一般式(2)
【0007】
【化4】
【0008】
(式中、R1は、前記と同義である。)
で示される3-アミノ-2-チオフェンカルボン酸エステルの製法によって解決される。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の反応において使用される3,3-ビス(アルコキシカルボニル-メチルチオ)プロピオニトリルは、前記の一般式(1)で示される。その一般式(1)において、R1は、炭素数1〜5のアルキル基であり、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、プロピル基、ブチル基、ペンチル基等が挙げられる。なお、これらの基は、各種異性体を含む。
【0010】
前記の3,3-ビス(アルコキシカルボニル-メチルチオ)プロピオニトリルは、例えば、一般式(3)
【0011】
【化5】
【0012】
(式中、R1は前記と同義であり、R2、R3及びR4は、同一又は異なっていても良く、炭素数1〜5のアルキル基を示す。)
に示すような反応によって、容易に合成出来る化合物である(後の参考例1に記載)。
【0013】
本発明の反応において使用される塩基は、例えば、炭酸リチウム、炭酸ナトリウム、炭酸カリウム等のアルカリ金属炭酸塩;水酸化リチウム、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム等のアルカリ金属水酸化物;水素化リチウム、水素化ナトリウム等のアルカリ金属水素化物;ナトリウムメトキシド、ナトリウムエトキシド、ナトリウムプロポキシド、カリウムメトキシド、カリウムエトキシド、カリウムプロポキシド等のアルカリ金属アルコキシド;ジエチルアミン、トリエチルアミン、ピリジン等の有機塩基が挙げられるが、好ましくはアルカリ金属アルコキシド、更に好ましくはナトリウムメトキシドが使用される。なお、これらの塩基は、単独又は二種以上を混合して使用しても良い。
【0014】
前記塩基の使用量は、3,3-ビス(アルコキシカルボニル-メチルチオ)プロピオニトリル1molに対して、好ましくは0.5〜10mol、更に好ましくは1.0〜2.0molである。
【0015】
本発明の反応は、溶媒の存在下又は非存在下で行われる。使用される溶媒は、反応に関与しないものならば特に限定されず、例えば、メタノール、エタノール、n-プロピルアルコール、イソプロピルアルコール、n-ブチルアルコール、イソブチルアルコール、t-ブチルアルコール等のアルコール類;トルエン、キシレン、クメン等の芳香族炭化水素類;クロロベンゼン、ブロモベンゼン等のハロゲン化芳香族炭化水素類;ニトロベンゼン等のニトロ化芳香族炭化水素類;シクロヘキサン、シクロヘプタン、シクロオクタン等の脂肪族炭化水素類;ジメチルエーテル、ジエチルエーテル、テトラヒドロフラン等のエーテル類が挙げられるが、好ましくはアルコール類、更に好ましくはメタノール、エタノールが使用される。なお、これらの溶媒は、単独又は二種以上を混合して使用しても良い。
【0016】
前記溶媒の使用量は、溶液の均一性や攪拌性により適宜調節するが、3,3-ビス(アルコキシカルボニル-メチルチオ)プロピオニトリル1molに対して、好ましくは0.1〜10L、更に好ましくは0.5〜1.5Lである。
【0017】
本発明の反応は、例えば、不活性ガスの雰囲気にて、3,3-ビス(アルコキシカルボニル-メチルチオ)プロピオニトリル、塩基及び溶媒を混合して、攪拌させる等の方法によって行われる。その際の反応温度は、好ましくは-20〜200℃、更に好ましくは0〜100℃であり、反応圧力は特に制限されない。
【0018】
本発明の反応によって得られる3-アミノ-2-チオフェンカルボン酸エステルは、反応終了後、晶析、再結晶、濃縮、蒸留、カラムクロマトグラフィー等による一般的な方法によって単離・精製される。
【0019】
【実施例】
次に、実施例を挙げて本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明の範囲はこれらに限定されるものではない。
【0020】
参考例1(3,3-ビス(メトキシカルボニル-メチルチオ)プロピオニトリルの合成)
攪拌装置、温度計及び滴下漏斗を備えた内容積25mlのフラスコに、窒素雰囲気下、3-メトキシアクリロニトリル1.66g(20mmol)、チオグリコール酸メチル4.24g(40mmol)及びトルエン7mlを加えた。次いで、攪拌しながら、濃硫酸2.35g(24mmol)をゆるやかに滴下し、室温で4時間反応させた。反応終了後、反応液に水を加えた後、トルエンで抽出した。抽出液を減圧下で濃縮し、無色液体として3,3-ビス(メトキシカルボニル-メチルチオ)プロピオニトリル4.80gを得た(単離収率:90%)。
3,3-ビス(メトキシカルボニル-メチルチオ)プロピオニトリルの物性値は以下の通りである。
【0021】
1H-NMR(CDCl3,δ(ppm));3.05(2H,d,J=7.1Hz)、3.40〜3.60(4H,dd,J=15.5Hz)、3.75(6H,s)、4.45〜4.55(1H,dd,J=7.1Hz)
EI-MS(m/e);263(M+)
IR(KBr法,cm-1);2252、1737
【0022】
実施例1(3-アミノ-2-チオフェンカルボン酸メチルの合成)
攪拌装置、温度計及び滴下漏斗を備えた内容積25mlのフラスコに、窒素雰囲気下、ナトリウムメトキシド0.20g(3.75mmol)及びメタノール3mlを加えた。次いで、攪拌しながら、参考例1と同様な方法で合成した3,3-ビス(メトキシカルボニル-メチルチオ)プロピオニトリル0.66g(2.50mmol)をメタノール1mlに溶解した液を10℃以下に維持しながらゆるやかに滴下し、滴下終了後、室温まで昇温し、3時間反応させた。反応終了後、反応液から減圧下でメタノールを留去した後、水7mlを加え、トルエンで抽出した。有機層を取り出し、減圧下で濃縮して、淡黄色結晶として3-アミノ-2-チオフェンカルボン酸メチル0.37gを得た(単離収率:95%)。
【0023】
比較例1(3-アミノ-2-チオフェンカルボン酸メチルの合成:特開平5-117263号公報記載の実施例3の追試実験)
攪拌装置、温度計及び滴下漏斗を備えた内容積200mlのフラスコに、窒素雰囲気下、炭酸水素カリウム37.50g(375mmol)及びジエチルエーテル60mlを加え、攪拌しながら、液温を10℃に保った。次いで、チオグリコール酸メチル13.25g(125mmol)及び2-クロロアクリロニトリル10.92g(125mmol)の混合液を1時間かけてゆるやかに滴下し、30℃で10時間反応させた。反応終了後、不溶の固体とエーテル層を分離し、エーテル層を水洗した後、無水硫酸マグネシウムで乾燥させた。濾過後、減圧下で濃縮したところ薄黄色固体が得られた。この固体を分析したところ、3-アミノ-2-チオフェンカルボン酸メチルはほとんど生成しておらず、3-メトキシカルボニル-メチルチオ-プロピオニトリル21.62gが生成していた。
【0024】
【発明の効果】
本発明により、入手が容易な3,3-ビス(アルコキシカルボニル-メチルチオ)プロピオニトリルから、高収率で3-アミノ-2-チオフェンカルボン酸エステルを得る、工業的に好適な3-アミノ-2-チオフェンカルボン酸エステルの製法を提供することが出来る。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for producing 3-amino-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid ester useful as a synthetic raw material for pharmaceuticals, agricultural chemicals and the like. In particular, 3-amino-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid ester can be used as a raw material for the synthesis of endothelin agonist compounds and endothelin antagonist compounds useful as antihypertensive agents (for example, WO 98/49162).
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a method for producing 3-amino-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid ester, for example, by reacting 2-chloroacrylonitrile or 2,3-dichloropropionitrile with methyl glycolate in the presence of a base, yields from 92 to A method for obtaining 3-amino-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid ester at 94% is disclosed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-117263). However, when the researchers conducted a trial experiment on this method, 3-amino-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid ester was hardly produced, and reproducibility was not obtained (described in Comparative Example 1 later).
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and obtain 3-amino-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid ester in high yield from 3,3-bis (alkoxycarbonyl-methylthio) propionitrile which is easily available. An industrially suitable process for producing 3-amino-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid ester is provided.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The subject of the present invention is the general formula (1) in the presence of a base.
[0005]
[Chemical Formula 3]
[0006]
(In the formula, R 1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.)
A cyclization reaction of 3,3-bis (alkoxycarbonyl-methylthio) propionitrile represented by the general formula (2)
[0007]
[Formula 4]
[0008]
(Wherein R 1 has the same meaning as described above.)
This can be solved by the production method of 3-amino-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid ester represented by
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The 3,3-bis (alkoxycarbonyl-methylthio) propionitrile used in the reaction of the present invention is represented by the above general formula (1). In the general formula (1), R 1 is an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, and a pentyl group. These groups include various isomers.
[0010]
The 3,3-bis (alkoxycarbonyl-methylthio) propionitrile is, for example, represented by the general formula (3)
[0011]
[Chemical formula 5]
[0012]
(In the formula, R 1 has the same meaning as described above, and R 2 , R 3, and R 4 may be the same or different and represent an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.)
It is a compound that can be easily synthesized by the reaction shown in (1).
[0013]
Examples of the base used in the reaction of the present invention include alkali metal carbonates such as lithium carbonate, sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate; alkali metal hydroxides such as lithium hydroxide, sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide; lithium hydride Alkali metal hydrides such as sodium hydride; alkali metal alkoxides such as sodium methoxide, sodium ethoxide, sodium propoxide, potassium methoxide, potassium ethoxide and potassium propoxide; organic bases such as diethylamine, triethylamine and pyridine Preferably, an alkali metal alkoxide, more preferably sodium methoxide is used. In addition, you may use these bases individually or in mixture of 2 or more types.
[0014]
The amount of the base used is preferably 0.5 to 10 mol, more preferably 1.0 to 2.0 mol, with respect to 1 mol of 3,3-bis (alkoxycarbonyl-methylthio) propionitrile.
[0015]
The reaction of the present invention is carried out in the presence or absence of a solvent. The solvent used is not particularly limited as long as it does not participate in the reaction. For example, alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, n-propyl alcohol, isopropyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, t-butyl alcohol; toluene Aromatic hydrocarbons such as chlorobenzene and bromobenzene; nitrated aromatic hydrocarbons such as nitrobenzene; aliphatic hydrocarbons such as cyclohexane, cycloheptane and cyclooctane Class; ethers such as dimethyl ether, diethyl ether, tetrahydrofuran and the like can be mentioned. Alcohols are preferable, and methanol and ethanol are more preferable. In addition, you may use these solvents individually or in mixture of 2 or more types.
[0016]
The amount of the solvent used is appropriately adjusted depending on the uniformity and agitation of the solution, and is preferably 0.1 to 10 L, more preferably 0.5 to 1 mol per mol of 3,3-bis (alkoxycarbonyl-methylthio) propionitrile. 1.5L.
[0017]
The reaction of the present invention is carried out, for example, by a method of mixing 3,3-bis (alkoxycarbonyl-methylthio) propionitrile, a base and a solvent and stirring them in an inert gas atmosphere. The reaction temperature at that time is preferably -20 to 200 ° C, more preferably 0 to 100 ° C, and the reaction pressure is not particularly limited.
[0018]
The 3-amino-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid ester obtained by the reaction of the present invention is isolated and purified by a general method such as crystallization, recrystallization, concentration, distillation, column chromatography after completion of the reaction.
[0019]
【Example】
Next, the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
[0020]
Reference Example 1 (Synthesis of 3,3-bis (methoxycarbonyl-methylthio) propionitrile)
Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 1.66 g (20 mmol) of 3-methoxyacrylonitrile, 4.24 g (40 mmol) of methyl thioglycolate and 7 ml of toluene were added to a flask having an internal volume of 25 ml equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a dropping funnel. Next, 2.35 g (24 mmol) of concentrated sulfuric acid was slowly added dropwise with stirring, and the mixture was reacted at room temperature for 4 hours. After completion of the reaction, water was added to the reaction solution, followed by extraction with toluene. The extract was concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain 4.80 g of 3,3-bis (methoxycarbonyl-methylthio) propionitrile as a colorless liquid (isolation yield: 90%).
The physical properties of 3,3-bis (methoxycarbonyl-methylthio) propionitrile are as follows.
[0021]
1 H-NMR (CDCl 3 , δ (ppm)); 3.05 (2H, d, J = 7.1 Hz), 3.40 to 3.60 (4H, dd, J = 15.5 Hz), 3.75 (6H, s), 4.45 to 4.55 (1H, dd, J = 7.1Hz)
EI-MS (m / e); 263 (M + )
IR (KBr method, cm -1 ); 2252, 1737
[0022]
Example 1 (Synthesis of methyl 3-amino-2-thiophenecarboxylate)
Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 0.20 g (3.75 mmol) of sodium methoxide and 3 ml of methanol were added to a 25-ml flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a dropping funnel. Next, with stirring, a solution prepared by dissolving 0.66 g (2.50 mmol) of 3,3-bis (methoxycarbonyl-methylthio) propionitrile synthesized in the same manner as in Reference Example 1 in 1 ml of methanol was maintained at 10 ° C. or lower. Then, the solution was dripped gently, and after completion of the dropwise addition, the temperature was raised to room temperature and reacted for 3 hours. After completion of the reaction, methanol was distilled off from the reaction solution under reduced pressure, 7 ml of water was added, and the mixture was extracted with toluene. The organic layer was taken out and concentrated under reduced pressure to obtain 0.37 g of methyl 3-amino-2-thiophenecarboxylate as pale yellow crystals (isolation yield: 95%).
[0023]
Comparative Example 1 (Synthesis of methyl 3-amino-2-thiophenecarboxylate: follow-up experiment of Example 3 described in JP-A-5-117263)
Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 37.50 g (375 mmol) of potassium hydrogen carbonate and 60 ml of diethyl ether were added to a 200-ml flask equipped with a stirrer, a thermometer and a dropping funnel, and the liquid temperature was kept at 10 ° C. while stirring. Next, a mixed solution of 13.25 g (125 mmol) of methyl thioglycolate and 10.92 g (125 mmol) of 2-chloroacrylonitrile was slowly added dropwise over 1 hour and reacted at 30 ° C. for 10 hours. After completion of the reaction, the insoluble solid and the ether layer were separated, and the ether layer was washed with water and then dried over anhydrous magnesium sulfate. After filtration, concentration under reduced pressure gave a pale yellow solid. When this solid was analyzed, methyl 3-amino-2-thiophenecarboxylate was hardly produced, and 21.62 g of 3-methoxycarbonyl-methylthio-propionitrile was produced.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, industrially suitable 3-amino-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid ester is obtained in high yield from 3,3-bis (alkoxycarbonyl-methylthio) propionitrile which is easily available. A method for producing 2-thiophenecarboxylic acid ester can be provided.
Claims (1)
で示される3,3-ビス(アルコキシカルボニル-メチルチオ)プロピオニトリルを環化反応させることを特徴とする、一般式(2)
で示される3-アミノ-2-チオフェンカルボン酸エステルの製法。In the presence of a base, general formula (1)
A cyclization reaction of 3,3-bis (alkoxycarbonyl-methylthio) propionitrile represented by the general formula (2)
The manufacturing method of 3-amino-2-thiophenecarboxylic acid ester shown by these.
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