JP4005088B2 - Endoscope - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an endoscope, and more particularly to an endoscope characterized by a fixing portion of a cover that is detachably fixed to a distal end of an insertion portion having an observation optical system.

  In recent years, endoscopes having elongated insertion portions have been widely used in the medical field and the industrial field. A distal end portion of the insertion portion is formed of a rigid distal end member to which the illumination means and the observation means are fixed.

  When the hard distal end side is inserted into a bent body cavity such as a human body, when the hard distal end portion is in contact with the body cavity wall of the bent portion, an operation to push the insertion portion excessively strongly is performed. There is a possibility of damaging the body cavity wall with a hard tip.

  For this reason, there is a front surface side of the distal end portion that is covered with an elastic distal end cover to prevent the distal end portion from damaging the body cavity wall during insertion or the like.

  In addition, there is a type in which a storage portion for rotatably storing a raising base for raising a treatment instrument is formed by a tip cover. In particular, when a raising base for raising the treatment tool is stored, it is necessary to sufficiently clean and disinfect after use, and the tip cover is often detachable.

  Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-243071 discloses a conventional side-view type endoscope in which the tip cover is detachable to improve the cleaning performance around the forceps raising base. As shown in FIG. 13, the front end cover is pushed in the axial direction to engage the hole 101 of the cover 100 and the protrusion 103 of the front end portion 102, and then fixed by the screw 104.

  However, in the method according to Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-243071, there is no means for recognizing from the outside even if the screw 104 is removed after the endoscope is inserted into the body cavity. For this reason, even if the screw 104 is removed in the body cavity during the examination and the cover 100 is likely to be removed, this cannot be recognized until the cover 100 is removed, which causes a safety problem.

  Further, in the endoscope disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-243071, as shown in FIG. 13, a hole 101 is formed in the cover 100 and a protrusion 103 is formed on the distal end side so that the cover 100 is attached to a correct position when mounted. Are provided. However, it was possible to attach the cover to the tip even if the hole and the protrusion did not necessarily engage. Since the screw can be attached in this state, the cover may be fixed at an incorrect position and used for the inspection, which may hinder the inspection.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an endoscope capable of easily recognizing a state where a cover provided at the distal end of an insertion portion is not correctly attached during an endoscopic inspection. It is intended to provide.

The endoscope of the present invention is an endoscope having a cover that is detachably fixed to the distal end of the insertion portion, and the cover is provided with a substantially linear index extending in parallel with the axial direction of the cover. A solid portion that forms the appearance of the cover; and an insert part that is formed in the cover so as to extend in the axial direction of the cover, and is formed of a hard member. The solid portion is an elastic body. It is formed by extending in the axial direction from the insert part, and the substantially linear index is provided from the solid portion to the side surface of the insert part .

  According to the present invention, when the cover provided at the distal end of the insertion portion is not correctly attached during the endoscopic examination, the state can be easily recognized.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

  1 to 12 relate to an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a configuration of an endoscope, FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram showing configurations of a distal end portion main body and a distal end cover of FIG. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-section in the front end direction when the front end cover is attached to the front end portion main body of FIG. 2, FIG. FIG. 6 is an explanatory view for explaining the state of the retaining pin and the notch of FIG. 2, FIG. 6 is a second explanatory view for explaining the attachment of the tip body and the tip cover of FIG. 2, and FIG. 7 is the tip of FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing a longitudinal section when the tip cover is attached to the main body, FIG. 8 is a third explanatory view for explaining the attachment of the tip portion main body and the tip cover of FIG. 2, and FIG. 9 is the tip portion of FIG. FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a main part of a first modified example of the endoscope of FIG. 1. 11 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the main part of a second modification of the endoscope of FIG. 1, and FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the main part of a third modification of the endoscope of FIG. It is.

    As shown in FIG. 1, the endoscope 1 of the present embodiment includes an elongated insertion portion 2, an operation portion 3 provided at the rear end of the insertion portion 2, and a lateral extension from the operation portion 3. It is comprised from the taken out universal cord 4. The insertion portion 2 includes a distal end portion 5, a bendable bending portion 6, and a flexible long flexible portion 7 from the distal end side. The bend preventing portion 8 is provided, and the operation portion 3 is connected to the base end portion of the bend preventing portion 8.

    A distal end cover 10 is detachably attached to the distal end main body 9 constituting the distal end portion 5 (more specifically, formed of a rigid member such as stainless steel) by a rotating operation. ing.

    As shown in FIG. 2, the distal end body 9 is illuminated by an objective lens 20 having a field direction perpendicular to the axial direction (longitudinal direction) of the insertion section 2 and illumination light emitted in this field direction. The illumination lens 21 is provided adjacent to the longitudinal direction, and further, on the proximal end side of the distal end main body 9, a cleaning liquid for cleaning the objective lens 20 and water droplets attached to the objective lens 20 are removed. The air / water supply nozzle 22 communicating with an air / water supply conduit (not shown) provided in the insertion portion 2 is directed toward the objective lens 20 in order to supply air or supply air into the body cavity. Is provided.

    When the distal end body 9 and the distal end cover 10 are mounted by rotational operation, the rotational operation range of the distal end cover 10 is an angle θ1, as shown in FIG. The visual field range of the system is an angle θ2, and when the tip cover 10 is detached from the tip body 9, the end portion of the tip cover 10 enters the range of the angle θ2.

    On the other hand, although not shown, an image sensor such as a CCD is disposed at the image formation position of the objective lens 20, photoelectrically converts the image formed, and the universal cord is connected via a signal cable connected to the image sensor. The imaging signal photoelectrically converted is transmitted to a video processor or camera control unit connected via 4 or the like. The video processor or camera control unit performs signal processing, converts the signal into a standard video signal, and displays an endoscopic image formed on the image sensor on a color monitor (not shown).

    Further, a tip surface of a light guide fiber bundle (not shown) is arranged inside the illumination lens 21 in the tip body 9, and this light guide fiber bundle is inserted through the universal cord 4 through the insertion portion 2 and the operation portion 3. By connecting the light guide connector at the end to a light source device (not shown), the illumination light supplied from the light source device is transmitted, and the illumination light is emitted from the distal end surface further through the illumination lens 21 in the visual field direction of the objective lens 20. It is supposed to be.

    As shown in FIG. 2, the tip body 9 adjacent to the semi-cylindrical portion provided with the air / water feeding nozzle 22, the objective lens 20, and the illumination lens 21 leaves a part of the side piece 23 on the opposite side. In the notched space 24 (the portion near the proximal end of the distal end main body 9), the treatment instrument raising base 25 is pivotally pivoted with respect to the distal end main body 9. The distal end of the raising wire 26 inserted through the insertion portion 2 is connected to a portion near the distal end of the treatment instrument raising base 25. The portion on the distal end side of the space portion 24 is used when attaching / removing the front end cover 10 (more specifically, it is used as a space for attaching / removing the front end cover 10 at an angle).

    The raising wire 26 having one end connected to the treatment instrument raising base 25 is inserted through the insertion portion 2 and connected to the raising operation mechanism in the operation portion 3. The raising operation mechanism has a treatment instrument raising lever. 11 (see FIG. 1) is connected, and by rotating the treatment instrument raising lever 11, the raising wire 26 is pulled to change the inclination angle of the treatment instrument raising base 25, so that the treatment instrument The direction in which the tip side protrudes can be variably controlled.

    Returning to FIG. 1, the operation unit 3 includes a bending operation knob 13 for performing a bending operation of the bending unit 6 on the proximal end side (upper side in FIG. 1) of the grip unit main body 12 held by the user, and a treatment tool. Image control instruction operation such as still image instruction to the raising lever 11, the air supply / water supply button 14 for performing air supply / water supply operation, the suction button 15 for performing suction operation, the video processor or the camera control unit. A plurality of operation switches 16 are provided.

    In addition, the operating unit 3 is provided with a raising wire cleaning base 17 at a position adjacent to the suction button 15, and the rising wire cleaning base 17 is provided with a rising wire pipe line (through which the raising wire 26 is inserted ( (Not shown) and communicates with the proximal end of the wire (not shown), and is used for cleaning the raising wire line. The proximal end side of a treatment instrument channel (not shown) provided in the insertion portion 2 communicates with the channel insertion opening 18 so that the treatment instrument can be inserted through the channel insertion opening 18.

    As shown in FIG. 2, the base end portion of the distal end portion main body 9 is connected to a bending tube (not shown) made up of a plurality of bending pieces (not shown) constituting the bending portion 6, A curved covering member 27 made of an insulating material is covered. The end portion of the curved covering member 27 is watertightly fixed to the distal end portion body 9 with an adhesive or the like, and the outer periphery of the distal end portion main body 9 on the distal end side of the curved covering member fixing portion 28 is provided with PSU, modified PPO. Insulating portion 29 made of a thermoplastic resin member such as PEI, or an electrically insulating material such as ceramics or silicon rubber is provided. Further, the base end portion of the tip cover 10 is provided with an annular tightening portion 10a that elastically tightens the outer periphery of the insulating portion 29 over the entire circumference of the mounting portion.

    A metallic retaining pin 30 is fixed to the distal end main body 9 with an adhesive at an end portion on the distal end side of the insulating portion 29, and is further adhered to the head of the insulating portion 29 so that the metal is not exposed. As shown in FIG. 4A, the adhesive 31 fills the space between the insulating portion 29 and the tip end body 9 without any gaps by a smooth inclination.

    Further, in order to fix the retaining pin 30, as shown in FIG. 5A, a cutout 29a is provided on the side surface of the insulating portion 29. The width of the cutout 29a is as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5B, which is an arrow view seen from the arrow A, the diameter of the retaining pin 30 is formed larger. Therefore, the retaining pin 30 can be provided at an arbitrary position within the width of the notch 29a. Therefore, when the parts are shared with other endoscopes, the position of the retaining pin 30 is less limited. Become.

    On the other hand, on the side surface of the insulating portion 29, a scope-side index 32 is provided that indicates the rotational position where the tip cover 10 is mounted. The scope side index 32 is formed by being filled with an adhesive different from the color of the surface of the insulating portion 29. The scope-side index 32 can be provided as follows, for example.

    That is, the hole portion 33 is provided in the insulating portion 29 in advance, and the insulating portion 29 is fixed to the distal end portion main body 9 with the adhesive 31. Since the adhesive 31 has a color different from that of the insulating portion 29, the adhesive 31 protruding from the hole 33 is wiped off, and the adhesive 20 remaining inside the hole 33 becomes the scope side index 32.

    Returning to FIG. 2, the distal end cover main body 34 forming the distal end cover 10 is formed in a cap shape so as to cover the distal end portion main body 9, and on the side corresponding to the objective lens 20, the illumination lens 21, and the treatment instrument raising base 25. An opening 35 is provided.

    Further, a reinforcing member 36 is formed integrally with the tip cover main body 34 on the inner surface of the tip cover 10 so as to cover a part of the tip main body 9 including the side piece 23. However, it is not exposed to the appearance of the tip cover 10. Here, the method of forming integrally may be formed integrally by insert molding, or may be formed separately using an adhesive or the like that is made separately.

    Further, the tip cover body 34 is made of a rubber material (specifically, silicon rubber or the like) or an elastomer, and is externally parallel to the axial direction of the tip cover 10 as shown in FIG. An extending cover side index 37 is provided.

    As shown in FIG. 2, the reinforcing member 36 is formed of a material having rigidity such as stainless steel and has a shape having a bottom portion 38 on the tip end side, and the rigidity is enhanced by providing the bottom portion 38. The bottom 38 of the reinforcing member 36 is formed with a shape for removably fixing the tip cover 10 to the tip body 9.

    On the other hand, the distal end surface of the distal end portion body 9 is provided with an L-shaped hard hook 40 that is an engagement portion on the distal end portion main body side, and is provided with an engagement groove 39 for detachably fixing the distal end cover 10. It has been.

    At the bottom 38 of the reinforcing member 36, there is a hook insertion portion 41 that can be inserted in the axial direction at a certain rotation angle with respect to the hook 40. Further, the hook insertion portion 41 and the locking groove 39 of the bottom 38 of the reinforcing member 36 are provided. A convex claw portion 42 is formed at the boundary portion of the tip cover 10 toward the rotation center O side of the tip cover 10, which is engaged with the locking groove 39 by the rotation operation of the tip cover 10.

    The entire front end side of the bottom 38 of the reinforcing member 36 having the hook insertion portion 41 and the locking groove 39 is covered with the front end cover main body 34.

Next, a method for attaching the tip cover 10 to the tip body 9 will be described.
First, as shown in FIG. 4A, the tip cover 10 is inserted in the axial direction of the tip body 9 at a certain rotation angle while the cover side indicator 37 is aligned with the scope side indicator 32, and shown in FIG. 4B. Thus, the tip cover 10 is attached to the tip portion main body 9. At this time, since there are the cover side index 37 and the scope side index 32, the insertion direction of the tip cover 10 can be easily confirmed, so that the detachability of the cover is improved. Fig.6 (a) is the figure which looked at the state after the axial direction insertion from the front end side.
Further, as shown in FIG. 6B, which is a cross section taken along line BB in FIG. 6A, in this state, the hook 40 is accommodated in the hook insertion portion 41 (the tip cover body is not shown). At this time, as shown in FIG. 7, a chamfered portion 51 is provided at the end of the tip cover 10 over the entire circumference, so that the tip cover 10 is caught when the tip cover 10 passes over the tip body 9 and the insulating portion 29. Can be easily inserted. Further, the tip cover 10 can be prevented from turning up during insertion.

    Next, when the tip cover 10 is rotated in the direction of the arrow 52 in FIG. 6A, the state shown in FIG. 8A is obtained, and FIG. 8B, which is a cross-sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG. As shown, since the claw portion 42 of the reinforcing member 36 and the locking groove 39 of the hook 40 are engaged, the tip cover 10 cannot be removed from the axial direction of the tip portion main body 9 (see FIG. 4C).

    As described above, the tightening portion 10a is annularly provided over the entire periphery of the end portion of the cover 10 as described above. Deviation in the rotation direction of the tip cover 10 can be prevented.

    That is, when the tip cover 10 is rotated after the tip cover 10 shown in FIG. 9A is mounted on the tip portion main body 9, the claw portion 42 is substantially engaged with the locking groove 39 of the hook 40. Rotate in state. Since both the claw portion 42, that is, the reinforcing member 36, and the hook 40, that is, the tip portion main body 9 are hard members, the frictional force between them is relatively small.

    On the other hand, the tightening portion 10a is an elastic body, and when the tip cover 10 is rotated, the false force generated between the insulating portion 29 is larger than the false force between the reinforcing member 36 and the distal end portion main body 9. .

    For this reason, when the tip cover 10 is attached, if the rotational torque is insufficient, the tightening portion 10a of the tip cover 10 may not be attached at a predetermined position as shown in FIG. 9B. However, in this case, the cover side index 37 is twisted, and it can be easily recognized that the tip cover 10 is not attached at the correct position.

    Therefore, in this case, the tip cover 10 can be attached at a predetermined position as shown in FIG. 9C by rotating the vicinity of the tightening portion 10a again until the cover side index 37 becomes a straight line.

    When the tip cover 10 is removed, the tip cover 10 is removed by the reverse operation of the attachment. As shown in FIG. 3, when the tip cover 10 is removed, the tip cover 10 is rotated to the position indicated by the dotted line in FIG. At this time, the tip cover 10 is rotated by an angle θ1, and then the tip cover 10 is pulled out and removed.

    On the other hand, the visual field range of the objective optical system including the objective lens 20 and the like is the angle θ2 shown in FIG. 3, and the tip cover 10 is always within the range of the angle θ2 when the tip cover 10 is detached from the tip body 9. It has a structure that can enter the end.

    For this reason, whenever the tip cover 10 is likely to come off during use, the tip cover 10 is always in the field of view, so the surgeon can confirm on the image of the endoscope that the tip cover 10 has come off.

    In the present embodiment, the tip cover 10 is attached to the tip body 9 by inserting and rotating it. However, if the tip cover 10 enters the field of view of the objective optical system while the tip cover 10 is being removed, other attachment / detachment is possible. It doesn't matter how.

    Further, even if the distal end cover 10 is rotated for attaching and detaching, the treatment instrument raising base 25 does not interfere with the distal end cover 10 within the movable range. This is because the opening 35 is provided and the rotation range of the tip cover 10 is limited to the range of θ1 shown in FIG. Therefore, since the treatment instrument raising base 25 and the distal end cover 10 do not interfere with each other, even if the distal end cover 10 is detached, the operability of the treatment instrument raising base 25 is not deteriorated.

    As described above, according to the present embodiment, when the tip body 9 and the tip cover 10 are mounted by a rotation operation, the rotation operation range of the tip cover 10 is the angle θ1, while the objective lens The visual field range of the objective optical system composed of 20 or the like is an angle θ2, and when the tip cover 10 is detached from the tip portion main body 9, the end portion of the tip cover 10 always enters the range of the angle θ2. Therefore, when the tip cover 10 is likely to come off during use, the tip cover 10 always enters the field of view, so that the operator can reliably and easily confirm that the tip cover 10 has come off on the endoscope image. Can be confirmed.

    In addition, as shown in FIG. 10, you may comprise the thickness of the fastening part 10a unevenly on the circumference. In this case, of the tightening portion 10a, the thickest portion 61 that is the thickest is provided in a portion that is the most distant from the center. When the tip cover 10 is rotated, a larger torque is applied to a portion away from the center. When the tip cover 10 is rotated, the maximum torque is applied to the thick portion 61, but deformation is prevented because the thickness of this portion is large.

    In addition, as shown in FIG. 11, a rib 71 may be provided at the end of the tip cover 10. When the tip cover 10 is attached or detached, the rib 71 is grasped and the tip cover 10 is rotated. Since there is a rib 71, it can be easily rotated.

    Further, as shown in FIG. 12, an index 82 is provided on the upper part of the connecting pipe 81 among the components constituting the bending portion 6 connected to the tip portion 5 in order to clarify the vertical direction of the bending portion 6. May be configured. In this case, the index 82 is provided in the connecting pipe 81 with a round hole or the like. Further, rotational torque is applied to the connecting pipe 81 when the tip cover 10 is attached or detached. At this time, stress concentration or the like occurs in the vicinity of the index 82, so that the width of the connecting pipe 81 is the largest in order to ensure the strength of the portion where the index 82 is provided.

[Appendix]
(Additional Item 1) In an endoscope including a cover member that is detachably fixed to the distal end of an insertion portion provided with an observation optical system, and having a fixing means for fixing the cover member to the distal end of the insertion portion
An endoscope, wherein when removing the cover member from the fixing means, at least a part of the cover member enters the field of view of the observation optical system while the cover member is detached from the fixing means.

(Additional Item 2) When the cover is attached to or detached from the fixing means, the cover is attached to or detached from the fixing means by rotating the cover by a predetermined angle with respect to the axial direction of the tip portion. The endoscope according to appendix 1, wherein:

(Additional Item 3) The endoscope according to Additional Item 2, wherein the endoscope is a side-view type endoscope.

(Additional Item 4) The endoscope according to Additional Item 2, wherein the cover member is an elastic body such as silicon rubber or elastomer.

(Additional Item 5) When the cover is fixed to the distal end portion of the endoscope, the fixing operation is rotation in the axial direction and insertion in the axial direction. Endoscope.

(Additional Item 6) In an endoscope provided with a cover that is detachably fixed to the distal end of the insertion portion, the appearance of the cover is provided with a substantially linear index extending in parallel with the axial direction of the cover. An endoscope characterized by that.

  For example, in the endoscope of JP-A-8-243071, as shown in FIG. 13, a hole 101 is formed in the cover 100 and a projection 103 is formed on the distal end side so that the cover 100 can be attached to the correct position when mounted. Each is provided. However, it was possible to attach the cover to the tip even if the hole and the protrusion did not necessarily engage. Since the screw can be attached in this state, the cover may be fixed at an incorrect position and used for the inspection, which may hinder the inspection.

  Therefore, in the endoscope of appendix 6, by providing a substantially linear index extending in parallel with the axial direction of the tip cover on the appearance of the tip cover, the index is bent when the tip cover is not properly attached. It can be seen easily and it can be easily recognized.

(Additional Item 7) The cover member includes a solid portion that forms an appearance, and an insert part that extends in the axial direction of the cover inside the cover.
The endoscope according to appendix 6, wherein the solid portion is provided to extend in an axial direction from the insert part.

(Additional Item 8) The endoscope according to Additional Item 7, wherein the substantially linear index is provided from the solid portion to a side surface of the insert part.

(Additional Item 9) The endoscope according to Additional Item 8, wherein the solid portion is made of an elastic body, and the insert part is made of a hard member.

(Additional Item 10) The endoscope according to Additional Item 9, wherein the elastic body is rubber or elastomer.

(Additional Item 11) The endoscope according to Additional Item 9, wherein the hard member is metal or hard plastic.

The block diagram which shows the structure of the endoscope which concerns on one embodiment of this invention The block diagram which shows the structure of the front-end | tip part main body and front-end | tip cover of FIG. Sectional drawing which shows the cross section of a front-end | tip direction at the time of attaching a front-end | tip cover to the front-end | tip part main body of FIG. 1st explanatory drawing explaining mounting | wearing with the front-end | tip part main body and front-end | tip cover of FIG. Explanatory drawing explaining the state of the retaining pin and notch of FIG. 2nd explanatory drawing explaining mounting | wearing with the front-end | tip part main body and front-end | tip cover of FIG. Sectional drawing which shows the cross section of the longitudinal direction at the time of attaching a front-end | tip cover to the front-end | tip part main body of FIG. 3rd explanatory drawing explaining mounting | wearing with the front-end | tip part main body and front-end | tip cover of FIG. 4th explanatory drawing explaining mounting | wearing with the front-end | tip part main body and front-end | tip cover of FIG. The block diagram which shows the structure of the principal part of the 1st modification of the endoscope of FIG. The block diagram which shows the structure of the principal part of the 2nd modification of the endoscope of FIG. The block diagram which shows the structure of the principal part of the 3rd modification of the endoscope of FIG. Configuration diagram showing configuration of conventional tip body and tip cover

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Endoscope 2 ... Insertion part 3 ... Operation part 4 ... Universal cord 5 ... Tip part 6 ... Bending part 7 ... Flexible part 8 ... Anti-bending part 9 ... Tip part main body 10 ... Tip cover 10a ... Fastening part 11 ... Treatment instrument raising lever 12 ... gripping part main body 13 ... bending operation knob 14 ... air / water feeding button 15 ... suction button 16 ... operation switch 17 ... raising wire washing base 18 ... channel insertion slot 20 ... objective lens 21 ... illumination lens 22 ... Air / water supply nozzle 23 ... Side piece 24 ... Space 25 ... Treatment instrument raising base 26 ... Raising wire 27 ... Curve covering member 28 ... Curve covering member fixing part 29 ... Insulating part 29a ... Notch 30 ... Omission Stop pin 31 ... Adhesive 32 ... Scope side index 33 ... Hole 34 ... Tip cover body 35 ... Opening part 36 ... Reinforcing member 37 ... Cover side index 38 ... Bottom 39 ... Locking groove 40 ... Hook 41 ... Hook insertion part 42 ... Part
Attorney Susumu Ito

Claims (3)

In an endoscope provided with a cover that is detachably fixed to the distal end of the insertion portion,
The cover is provided with a substantially linear index extending parallel to the axial direction of the cover ,
A solid part forming the appearance of the cover;
An insert part formed of a hard member provided to extend in the axial direction of the cover inside the cover;
Comprising
The solid portion is formed of an elastic body and is provided to extend in the axial direction from the insert part,
The endoscope characterized in that the substantially linear index is provided from the solid portion to a side surface of the insert part .   The endoscope according to claim 1, wherein the elastic body is made of rubber or elastomer.   The endoscope according to claim 1, wherein the hard member is made of metal or hard plastic.

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