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JP3992448B2 - Speed control method for motor drive system - Google Patents

Speed control method for motor drive system Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3992448B2
JP3992448B2 JP2001095170A JP2001095170A JP3992448B2 JP 3992448 B2 JP3992448 B2 JP 3992448B2 JP 2001095170 A JP2001095170 A JP 2001095170A JP 2001095170 A JP2001095170 A JP 2001095170A JP 3992448 B2 JP3992448 B2 JP 3992448B2
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inertia
control
motor
speed
controller
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JP2002291272A (en
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優 中山
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Toyo Electric Manufacturing Ltd
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Toyo Electric Manufacturing Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、モータドライブ系の速度制御方法_に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般に、産業プラントや産業用ロボットなどにおけるモータドライブ系においては、モータと負荷がギアと弾性軸で結合されていると機械共振系となり、ギアバックラッシ振動と軸ねじれ振動が発生し問題となることがある。その概要を図6〜図8により説明する。
図6はモータドライブ系としたバックラッシねじれ3慣性系を示す外観図であり、11はモータ、12は負荷、13はギア、14は弾性軸である。
図6において、このようにギア13と弾性軸14で結合されている場合、この機械系には、ギアバックラッシ振動モードと軸ねじれ振動モードが共存し、バックラッシねじれ3慣性系となる。
図6のバックラッシねじれ3慣性系をブロック線図で示すと図7になる。ただし、ωmはモータ速度、ωgはギア速度、ωLは負荷速度、Tmはモータトルク、Tgはギアトルク、Tcは軸トルク、TLは負荷側の外乱トルク、Kgはギアのバネ定数、Kcは軸のバネ定数、Dgはギアの粘性係数、Dcは軸の粘性係数、δはギアバックラッシ幅、Jmはモータ慣性、Jgはギア慣性、JLは負荷慣性、Sはラプラス演算子である。
図7において、開ループ系の伝達特性として、モータトルクTmからモータ速度ωmまでの開ループ伝達関数G3m(s)は次に示す(1)式で与えられる。ただし、粘性係数DgとDcは非常に小さい値なので省略する。
【0003】
【数1】

Figure 0003992448
【0004】
ここで、ωh1はねじれ振動モードに対応する固有反共振周波数、ωh2はバックラッシ振動モードに対応する固有反共振周波数、ω01はねじれ振動モードに対応する固有共振周波数、ω02はバックラッシ振動モードに対応する固有共振周波数である。
ωh1とω01はねじれ振動モード、ωh2とω02はギアバックラッシ振動モードに対応し、次に示す(2)式〜(5)式で表される。
【0005】
【数2】
Figure 0003992448
【0006】
図8は開ループ伝達関数G3m(s)の周波数応答を示す特性図であり、同図の(a)と(b)はそれぞれゲイン特性と位相特性を示している。
図8の(a)のゲイン特性に二つのピークは、それぞれ軸ねじれ振動モードとギアバックラッシ振動モードと対応している。
【0007】
ここで、モータドライブ系を2慣性系としたPID速度制御を述べ、そして、PID制御をバックラッシねじれ3慣性系に適用する場合の問題点を説明する。モータドライブ系において、一般にギアのバネ定数は軸のバネ定数よりずっと高い(即ち、Kg>>Kc)ので、モータ慣性(Jm)とギア慣性(Jg)を合併しモータ等価慣性(Jmg=Jm+Jg)とすることで、もとのバックラッシねじれ3慣性系(Jm、Jg、JL)を2慣性系(Jmg、JL)として速度制御系を設計する手法が普通である。
図9に従来の完全微分項をもつPID制御器4を2慣性系5に適用するブロック線図である。
図9において、モータトルクTmからモータ速度ωmまでの2慣性系の開ループ伝達関数G2m(s)は次に示す(6)式のように表すことができる。
【0008】
【数3】
Figure 0003992448
【0009】
ただし、sはラプラス演算子、JmgはJmg=Jm+Jgで算出するモータ等価慣性、ωhとω0はそれぞれ前記2慣性系5の反共振周波数と共振周波数であり、次に示す(7)式と(8)式で表される。
【0010】
【数4】
Figure 0003992448
【0011】
また、前記PID制御器4の伝達関数F4(s)は次に示す(9)式のように表すことができる。
【0012】
【数5】
Figure 0003992448
【0013】
ただし 、Kp、Ki及びKdはそれぞれ前記PID制御器の比例ゲイン、積分ゲインと微分ゲイン、sはラプラス演算子である。
【0014】
ここで、制御器パラメータを簡単に設計できるように、軸粘性係数をDc=0とし、前記PID制御器4を2慣性軸系5に適用する場合、閉ループ系の特性多項式Δ(s)は次に示す(10)式のように求められる。
【0015】
【数6】
Figure 0003992448
【0016】
(10)式からわかるように、前記PID制御器4の各ゲイン(Kp、Ki、Kd)を決めれば、前記特性多項式Δ(s)の各係数(ai)が決められ、閉ループ系の極の配置が決められることになる。
前記PID制御器の各ゲイン(Kp、Ki、Kd)の決定は、一例として真鍋係数図法により行うことができる。係数図法の詳細な解説は、真鍋氏の「古典制御、最適制御、H∞制御の統一的解釈」(平成3年10月計測と制御学会誌30−10)や真鍋氏の「係数図法による2慣性共振系制御器の設計」(平成10年1月電気学会産業応用部門誌118−D−1)に掲載され、公知となっている。ここで、係数図法の概要を簡略に説明する。
【0017】
係数図法は多項式環上での代数的設計法の一種であり、係数図を用いながら、その形の適切さを尺度として、特性多項式と制御器を同時に設計することにより、安定性・応答性・ロバスト性のバランスが容易にとれることを特徴とする。係数図法で用いている各種の数学的関係を列挙すると次のようになる。n次の閉ループ系に対して、その特性多項式Δ(s)が次に示す(11)式のように与えられたとする。
【0018】
【数7】
Figure 0003992448
【0019】
また、制御系安定度を示す安定度指標γiと制御系応答速度を示す等価時定数τはそれぞれ次に示す(12)式と(13)式のように定義されている。
【0020】
【数8】
Figure 0003992448
【0021】
係数図法においては、真鍋氏により推奨された標準形安定度指標は、次に示す(14)式のようになる。
【0022】
【数9】
Figure 0003992448
【0023】
以下、前述した真鍋係数図法により前記PID制御器の各ゲインを決定する。前記(10)式の閉ループ系特性多項式に対して、係数図法の安定度指標γi(i=1〜3)と等価時定数τは次に示す(15)式となる。
【0024】
【数10】
Figure 0003992448
【0025】
(15)式により、前記PID制御器の各ゲイン(Kp、Ki、Kd)及び等価時定数(τ)は、次に示す(16)式で求められる。
【0026】
【数11】
Figure 0003992448
【0027】
上述のように設計したPID制御器を2慣性系の速度制御に適用し、シミュレーションまたは実験をおこなうときに、微分項に近似微分しか使えない。特に、慣性比KJ(=JL/Jmg)の小さい場合、ねじれ振動のないよい制御性能を発揮できるために、速い微分時定数Tdが必要となる。例えば、慣性比KJ=0.68のある2慣性系に対して、前記(16)式で設計したKd<0の微分ゲインをもつPID制御器に、それぞれTd=1msecとTd=10msecの微分時定数を適用すると、それぞれの時間応答シミュレーションは図10(a)と(b)に示すようになる。図10(b)からわかるように、遅い微分時定数(Td=0.01sec)を適用すると、外乱トルクの印加による軸ねじれ振動が現れ制御系の応答特性が悪くなる。以上の説明からわかるように、完全微分項をもつPID制御器を慣性比の小さい2慣性系に適用するとき、制御性能を低減しないために、速い微分時定数が必要である。しかし、Kd<0の微分ゲインと速い微分時定数TdをもつPID制御器をもとのバックラッシねじれ3慣性系に適用すると、その時間応答シミュレーションは図11に示すようにバックラッシ振動が発生し、安定な制御ができなくなってしまう。
【0028】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
一般にギアのバネ定数Kgは軸のバネ定数Kcよりずっと高い、即ち、Kg>>Kc、なので、従来の方法としては、モータ慣性(Jm)とギア慣性(Jg)を一つの等価慣性(Jmg=Jm+Jg)(以降Jmgをモータ等価慣性と呼ぶ)とすることで、もとのバックラッシねじれ3慣性系(Jm、Jg、JL)を2慣性系(Jmg、JL)に等価し、速度制御系を設計する。このような2慣性系の速度制御には、従来からPID(比例-積分-微分)制御が用いられてきたが、近年の現代制御理論の発展に伴い、外乱オブザーバに基づく共振比制御や制御系の周波数応答の整形に関する理論としたH∞制御などが広く研究されている。しかし、負荷慣性(JL)とモータ等価慣性(Jmg)との比(KJ=JL/Jmg、以降、KJを慣性比と呼ぶ)が小さい場合は、上述のような従来型のPID制御および最近の共振比制御は、軸ねじれ振動を抑制するために、Kd<0の微分ゲインと速い微分時定数Tdまたは速い外乱オブザーバフィルタ時定数Tfが必要となる。速い微分または速い外乱オブザーバの実現には高速なコントローラーが必要となることだけでなく、駆動装置にバックラッシの存在で2慣性系がもとのバックラッシねじれ3慣性系に変わるとき、バックラッシ振動が誘発され、制御系が不安定となる恐れがある。
【0029】
本発明は前述のような従来技術の問題点に鑑みてなされたものであって、慣性比の小さい多慣性系の速度制御において、バックラッシ振動や軸ねじれ振動を抑制することを目的として、請求項1において、PD制御を外乱オブザーバによる外乱キャンセレーション制御と併用する構成とし前記PD制御の微分時定数Td本願で導出した制御系安定十分条件を満たせるように設計することにより、バックラッシ振動を起せない制御方法とする。
【0030】
つまり、その目的を達成するための手段は、請求項1において、多慣性のモータドライブ系の速度制振制御_において、速度指令とモータ速度との偏差を入力とするPD制御器と、モータトルクと前記モータ速度を入力とする外乱オブザーバとを設け、前記PD制御器の出力と前記外乱オブザーバの出力との和を求め、その和を前記モータドライブ系のモータトルクとする速度制御系を構成したことを特徴とするモータドライブ系の速度制御方法である。
【0032】
請求項2において、前記PD制御器の微分時定数Tdを制御系安定十分条件Td>−KdTf/(KpTf+Jmgn)
Kd 微分ゲイン、Tf フィルタ時定数、Kp 比例ゲイン、Jmgn モータ等価慣性のノミナル値
を満たせるように設定することにより、バックラッシ振動を起こらないようにしたことを特徴とする_請求項記載の速度制御方法である。
【0033】
【発明の実施の形態】
図1は本発明請求項1を説明するためのブロック線図であり、図1において、速度指令ω*とモータ速度ωmとの偏差Δωを入力とするPD制御器1を設け、また、モータトルクTmとモータ速度ωmを入力とする外乱オブザーバ2を設け、PD制御器1の出力と外乱オブザーバ2の出力との和を前記モータドライブ系(バックラッシねじれ3慣性系3)のモータトルクTmとすることで、モータドライブ系の速度制御を構成している。
【0034】
なお、PD制御器1において、Kpは比例ゲイン、KdとTdはそれぞれ微分ゲインと微分時定数である。また外乱オブザーバ2において、Tfは外乱オブザーバ2のフィルタ時定数、Jmgnはモータ等価慣性Jmg(=Jm+Jg)のノミナル値である。
本発明に制御器のパラメーターとしては、Kp、Kd、Td、TfとJmgnの五つがあるが、Jmgnはモータ等価慣性のノミナル値なので、予め決められる。
【0035】
次に図1を参照して前記制御器パラメーターのKp、Kd、Td、Tfの決定方法を説明する。モータドライブ系が、モータと負荷が、ギアと弾性軸で結合されるバックラッシねじれ3慣性系となる場合は、まず、該バックラッシねじれ3慣性系を、モータ慣性とギァ慣性と負荷慣性の和をトータル慣性とした1慣性系とし、前記PD制御器の比例ゲインKpと前記外乱オブザーのバフィルタ時定数Tfを真鍋係数図法により算出し、そして、前記モータ慣性とギア慣性の和をモータ等価慣性とすることで、前記バックラッシねじれ3慣性系を前記モータ等価慣性と負荷慣性からなる2慣性系とし、該2慣性系の軸ねじれ振動抑制特性を改善するように前記PD制御器の微分ゲインKdを真鍋係数図法により算出し、特に、慣性比の小さい2慣性系に対し、算出した微分ゲインはKd<0となり、更に、前記PD制御器の微分時定数Tdを本願で導出した制御系安定十分条件のTd>−KdTf/(KpTf+Jmgn)を満たせるように設定することにより、バックラッシ振動を起せないようにしたことを特徴とする速度制御方法である。
【0036】
すなわち、モータドライブ系はモータと負荷がギアと弾性軸で結合されるバックラッシねじれ3慣性系3となる場合、制御器パラメーターの設計手法として、まず、微分項のないケース(即ち、Kd=0と仮定)で、制御対象のバックラッシねじれ3慣性系をトータル慣性での1慣性系として前記PD制御器の比例ゲインKpと前記外乱オブザーバフィルタ時定数Tfを真鍋係数図法で設計し、そして、前記バックラッシねじれ3慣性系を2慣性系に近似し、軸ねじれ振動抑制性能が向上するように前記PD制御器の微分ゲインKdを真鍋係数図法で決め、更に、前記PD制御器の微分時定数Tdを本願で導出した制御系安定十分条件Td>−KdTf/(KpTf+Jmgn)を満たせるように設定する。
【0037】
図2(a)と(b)は1慣性系により本発明の請求項におけるPD制御の比例ゲインKpと外乱オブザーバフィルタ時定数Tfの設計を説明するブロック線図である。ただし、1慣性系の等価慣性JtはJt=Jm+Jg+JLで算出した制御対象のトータル慣性である。
【0038】
本発明の速度制御は、微分項のない(Kd=0)場合には、図2(a)に示すようにP制御と外乱オブザーバによる外乱キャンセレーション制御で構成される。また、定常時(即ち、モータの速度が一定となるとき)、sωm=0となるので、P制御器の出力T'mからモータトルクTmまでの伝達関数は、次に示す(17)式で求められる。
【0039】
【数12】
Figure 0003992448
【0040】
つまり、定常時(sωm=0)、図2(a)の制御は図2(b)に示すようにPI制御と等価する。ただし、積分ゲインKiはKi=Kp/Tfで決められる。したがって、近似の設計手法としては、図2(b)のPI制御器の各ゲイン(Kp、Ki)によって図2(a)の制御パラメーター(Kp、Tf)を決めればよい。
図2(b)において、Ki=Kp/Tfをもって、速度指令ω*からモータ速度ωmまでの伝達関数は、次に示す(18)式で求められる。
【0041】
【数13】
Figure 0003992448
【0042】
(18)式の分母多項式(閉ループ系特性多項式)に対して、係数図法の安定度指標γi(i=1)と等価時定数τは次に示す(19)式となる。
【0043】
【数14】
Figure 0003992448
【0044】
(19)式から、外乱オブザーバフィルタ時定数Tf(=τ)は制御系応答速度を示す等価時定数τで決められることがわかる。また、τを予め決めれば、(19)式のγ1の項から比例ゲインKpを決めることができる。例えば、前記(16)式のPID制御と同じ応答速度を持たせるようにτ=2.5√(2JL/Kc)とすれば、外乱オブザーバフィルタ時定数Tfと比例ゲインKpは下記(20)式のように算出できる。
【0045】
【数15】
Figure 0003992448
【0046】
(20)式で決めた外乱オブザーバフィルタ時定数Tfと比例ゲインKpをもつP制御と外乱キャンセレーション制御を前記図9に示す2慣性系5に適用すると、その時間応答シミュレーションは図12に示されるのように、外乱トルクの印加により軸ねじれ振動様子が見られているが、前記図1に示すバックラッシねじれ3慣性系3に適用すると、その時間応答シミュレーションは図3に示されるように、バックラッシ振動が起こらない。
【0047】
軸ねじれ振動抑制特性向上のために、図1に示すように速度制御に近似微分項Kd/(Tds+1)を加え微分ゲインKdを2慣性系で設計したPID制御の微分ゲインと同様に前記(16)式の第3項のように決めればよい。
【0048】
制御系のブロック線図の等価変換によって、本発明の速度制御系の安定十分条件は次に示す(21)式のように導出できる。
【0049】
【数16】
Figure 0003992448
【0050】
そして、PD制御器の微分時定数Tdを制御系安定十分条件Td>−KdTf/(KpTf+Jmgn)Kd 微分ゲイン Tf 外乱オブザーバフィルタ時定数 Kp 比例ゲイン Jmgnモータ等価慣性のノミナル値 を満たせるように設定する請求項1記載の速度制御方法である。すなわち、PD制御の微分時定数Tdは(21)式に示す制御系安定十分条件を満たせるように、次に示す(22)式のように決められる。
【0051】
【数17】
Figure 0003992448
【0052】
以上のように設計した近似微分項(Kds/(Tds+1))および前記1慣性系で設計した比例項(Kp)および外乱オブザーバ(Tf)をもつPD制御と外乱キャンセレーション制御を、前記図9に示す2慣性系5に適用すると、その時間応答シミュレーションは図4に示されるのようになり、図12の応答と比べると、近似微分項の追加により、軸ねじれ振動抑制特性は改善されたことがわかる。また、前記図1に示すバックラッシねじれ3慣性系3に適用しても、時間応答シミュレーションは図5に示されるように、バックラッシ振動も起こらないので、駆動装置にギアバックラッシの有無に関わらず、安定な速度制御が維持できることがわかる。
【0053】
以上のまとめとして、本発明のモータドライブ系の速度制御方法は、速度制御装置は図1に示すように、PD制御器1(F1(s))を外乱オブザーバ2による外乱キャンセレーション制御と併用することによって構成され、1慣性系でPD制御の比例ゲインKpと外乱オブザーバフィルタ時定数Tfを決め、軸ねじれ振動抑制特性向上のように2慣性系で微分ゲインKdを決め、さらに、バックラッシ振動を起さないように制御系安定十分条件を満たす微分時定数Tdを決めれば、バックラッシ振動と軸ねじれ振動のない速度制御ができる。
【0054】
以下、数値例を挙げて、本発明の実施の具体的形態をさらに説明する。
数値例としたモータドライブ系の機械定数は、モータ慣性Jm、ギア慣性Jg、負荷慣性JL、ギアバネ定数Kg、軸バネ定数Kc、ギア粘性係数Dg、軸粘性係数Dc、およびギアバックラッシ幅δを次に示す(23)式の値としたときのPD制御の各定数Kp、Kd、Td、および外乱オブザーバフィルタ時定数Tdの決定例について説明する。
【0055】
【数18】
Figure 0003992448
【0056】
前記機械定数を持つモータドライブ系は、ギアバネ定数は軸バネ定数よりずっと大きい、即ち、Kg>>Kcなので、モータ慣性Jmとギア慣性Jgを合併し、モータ等価慣性Jmg(=Jm+Jg)とすることで、図9に示すように2慣性系5としてPID制御器4を設計することができる。前記(16)式によって、PID制御器4を設計すると、PID制御の各ゲインおよび等価時定数τは次に示す(24)式のように求められる。ここで、2慣性系の慣性比KJ(=JL/Jmg= 0.045 0.066 )が小さいので、微分ゲインKd<0となる。
【0057】
【数19】
Figure 0003992448
【0058】
(24)式の各ゲインとTd=1msecの微分時定数をもつPID制御器を図9に示す2慣性系5に適用すると、時間応答シミュレーションは図10(a)に示すように、軸ねじれ振動のない良好な制御特性が実現できるが、図1に示すバックラッシねじれ3慣性系3に適用すると、時間応答シミュレーションは図11に示すようにバックラッシ振動が発生し、安定な制御ができなくなってしまう。そこで、駆動装置にギアバックラッシの有無に関係なく、安定な速度制御ができるように、本発明請求項1において、速度制御装置を図1に示すようにPD制御器1を外乱オブザーバ2による外乱キャンセレーション制御と併用することによって構成する。前記(20)式と前記(16)式の第3項によって、請求項1におけるPD制御器1の比例ゲインKpと微分ゲインKdおよび外乱オブザーバ2のフィルタ時定数Tfを決る。さらに前記PD制御器1の微分時定数Tdを制御系安定十分条件の(22)式を満たせるように決める。まとめると、本発明の制御器各定数は次に示す(25)式のように求められる。
【0059】
【数20】
Figure 0003992448
【0060】
(25)式で決めた各定数をもつ本発明の速度制御を図9に示す2慣性系5に適用すると、時間応答シミュレーションは図4に示されるのように、軸ねじれ振動のない安定な速度制御ができる。また、本発明の速度制御を前記図1に示すバックラッシねじれ3慣性系3に適用すると、時間応答シミュレーションは図5に示されるように、バックラッシ振動も起こらないので、駆動装置にギアバックラッシの有無に関わらず、安定な速度制御が維持できることがわかる。ただし、シミュレーションにTd=10msec>5.7msecの微分時定数を使った。
なお、本説明でTmはモータトルクとして記述してきたが、実施に当たっては、インバータなどによる制御信号を実トルクに変換するパワーユニットが存在するが、本説明を分かり易くするために、パワーユニットの伝達関数を無次元化し定数として扱っている。
【0061】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように本発明によれば、モータドライブ系の速度制御を、PD制御と外乱オブザーバによる外乱キャンセレーション制御で構成し、1慣性系で真鍋係数図法によりPD制御の比例ゲインKpと外乱オブザーバフィルタ時定数Tfを決め、そして、軸ねじれ振動抑制特性の向上のように2慣性系で真鍋係数図法によりPD制御の微分ゲインKdを決め、さらに、バックラッシ振動を起さないように制御系安定十分条件を満たす微分時定数Tdを決めることによって、慣性比の小さい多慣性系に対してもバックラッシ振動抑制特性とねじれ振動抑制特性の両方ともよい速度制御を提供することができ、実用上、極めて有用性の高いものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の請求項1記載の一実施例を示すブロック線図である。
【図2】P制御と外乱キャンセレーション制御を適用した1慣性系のブロック線図である。
【図3】P制御と外乱キャンセレーション制御を適用したバックラッシねじれ3慣性系の時間応答特性図である。
【図4】本発明の速度制御を適用した2慣性系の時間応答特性図である。
【図5】本発明の速度制御を適用したバックラッシねじれ3慣性系の時間応答特性図である。
【図6】モータドライブ系としたバックラッシねじれ3慣性系の外観図である。
【図7】バックラッシねじれ3慣性系のブロック線図である。
【図8】バックラッシねじれ3慣性系の開ループ伝達関数G3m(s)の周波数応答特性図である。
【図9】PID制御を適用した2慣性系のブロック線図である。
【図10】速い速度と遅い速度の微分時定数をもつPID制御を適用した2慣性系の時間応答特性図である。
【図11】速い微分時定数をもつPID制御を適用したバックラッシねじれ3慣性系の時間応答特性図である。
【図12】P制御と外乱キャンセレーション制御を適用した2慣性系の時間応答特性図である。
【符号の説明】
1 PD制御器
2 外乱オブザーバ
3 ギアと弾性軸を有するバックラッシねじれ3慣性系
4 完全微分項をもつPID制御器
5 弾性軸を有する2慣性系
11 モータ
12 負荷
13 ギア
14 弾性軸
Jm モータ慣性
Jg ギア慣性
Jmg モータ等価慣性
JL 負荷慣性
Jt 1慣性系の等価慣性
Kg ギアのバネ定数
Dg ギアの粘性係数
Kc 軸のバネ定数
Dc 軸の粘性係数
δ ギアバックラッシ幅
ω*
速度指令
ωm
モータ速度
Δω 速度指令とモータ速度との偏差値
ωg
ギア速度
ωL
負荷速度
Tm モータトル
Tg ギアトルク
Tc 軸トルク
TL 負荷側の外乱トルク
F1(s) PD制御器の伝達関数
F4(s) 完全微分項をもつPID制御器の伝達関数
Kp 比例ゲイン
Ki 積分ゲイン
Kd 微分ゲイン
Td 微分時定数
Tf 外乱オブザーバフィルタ時定数
ωh 2慣性系の固有反共振周波数
ω0
2慣性系の固有共振周波数
ωh1
ねじれ振動モードに対応する固有反共振周波数
ωh2
バックラッシ振動モードに対応する固有反共振周波数
ω01
ねじれ振動モードに対応する固有共振周波数
ω02
バックラッシ振動モードに対応する固有共振周波数
τ 係数図法の等価時定数
γi
係数図法の安定度指標
G3m(s) バックラッシねじれ3慣性系のモータトルクTmからモータ速度ωmまでの開ループ伝達関数
G2m(s) 2慣性系のモータトルクTmからモータ速度ωmまでの開ループ伝達関数』[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a speed control method for a motor drive system.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, in a motor drive system in an industrial plant or industrial robot, when a motor and a load are coupled by a gear and an elastic shaft, it becomes a mechanical resonance system, which causes a problem of generating gear backlash vibration and shaft torsional vibration. is there. The outline will be described with reference to FIGS.
FIG. 6 is an external view showing a backlash torsional three inertia system as a motor drive system, wherein 11 is a motor, 12 is a load, 13 is a gear, and 14 is an elastic shaft.
In FIG. 6, when the gear 13 and the elastic shaft 14 are coupled as described above, the gear backlash vibration mode and the shaft torsional vibration mode coexist in this mechanical system, and a backlash torsional three-inertia system is obtained.
FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing the backlash twist three-inertia system of FIG. Where ωm is the motor speed, ωg is the gear speed, ωL is the load speed, Tm is the motor torque, Tg is the gear torque, Tc is the shaft torque, TL is the disturbance torque on the load side, Kg is the gear spring constant, and Kc is the shaft speed. The spring constant, Dg is the gear viscosity coefficient, Dc is the shaft viscosity coefficient, δ is the gear backlash width, Jm is the motor inertia, Jg is the gear inertia, JL is the load inertia, and S is the Laplace operator.
In FIG. 7, as an open loop system transfer characteristic, an open loop transfer function G3m (s) from the motor torque Tm to the motor speed ωm is given by the following equation (1). However, since the viscosity coefficients Dg and Dc are very small values, they are omitted.
[0003]
[Expression 1]
Figure 0003992448
[0004]
Here, ωh1 is a natural antiresonance frequency corresponding to the torsional vibration mode, ωh2 is a natural antiresonance frequency corresponding to the backlash vibration mode, ω01 is a natural resonance frequency corresponding to the torsional vibration mode, and ω02 is a natural antiresonance frequency corresponding to the backlash vibration mode. Resonance frequency.
ωh1 and ω01 correspond to the torsional vibration mode, and ωh2 and ω02 correspond to the gear backlash vibration mode, and are expressed by the following equations (2) to (5).
[0005]
[Expression 2]
Figure 0003992448
[0006]
FIG. 8 is a characteristic diagram showing the frequency response of the open loop transfer function G3m (s), and (a) and (b) of the same figure show the gain characteristic and the phase characteristic, respectively.
Two peaks in the gain characteristic of FIG. 8A correspond to the axial torsional vibration mode and the gear backlash vibration mode, respectively.
[0007]
Here, PID speed control with a motor drive system as a two-inertia system will be described, and problems in the case of applying the PID control to a backlash torsional three-inertia system will be described. In a motor drive system, the spring constant of the gear is generally much higher than the spring constant of the shaft (ie, Kg >> Kc). Therefore, the motor inertia (Jm) and the gear inertia (Jg) are combined to obtain the motor equivalent inertia (Jmg = Jm + Jg). Therefore, a method of designing a speed control system using the original backlash twist three-inertia system (Jm, Jg, JL) as a two-inertia system (Jmg, JL) is common.
FIG. 9 is a block diagram in which a conventional PID controller 4 having a complete differential term is applied to a two-inertia system 5.
In FIG. 9, the open-loop transfer function G2m (s) of the two-inertia system from the motor torque Tm to the motor speed ωm can be expressed as the following equation (6).
[0008]
[Equation 3]
Figure 0003992448
[0009]
Here, s is a Laplace operator, Jmg is a motor equivalent inertia calculated by Jmg = Jm + Jg, ωh and ω0 are an anti-resonance frequency and a resonance frequency of the two-inertia system 5, respectively. ) Expression.
[0010]
[Expression 4]
Figure 0003992448
[0011]
Further, the transfer function F4 (s) of the PID controller 4 can be expressed as the following equation (9).
[0012]
[Equation 5]
Figure 0003992448
[0013]
However, Kp, Ki and Kd are the proportional gain, integral gain and differential gain of the PID controller, respectively, and s is a Laplace operator.
[0014]
Here, when the axial viscosity coefficient is set to Dc = 0 and the PID controller 4 is applied to the two-inertia axis system 5 so that the controller parameters can be designed easily, the characteristic polynomial Δ (s) of the closed loop system is It is calculated | required like (10) Formula shown.
[0015]
[Formula 6]
Figure 0003992448
[0016]
As can be seen from the equation (10), if each gain (Kp, Ki, Kd) of the PID controller 4 is determined, each coefficient (ai) of the characteristic polynomial Δ (s) is determined, and the poles of the closed loop system are determined. Placement will be decided.
The determination of each gain (Kp, Ki, Kd) of the PID controller can be performed by the Manabe coefficient projection as an example. For a detailed explanation of coefficient projection, see Manabe's “Unified Interpretation of Classical Control, Optimal Control and H∞ Control” (October 1991, Journal of Measurement and Control Society 30-10) and Manabe “ It is published in “Design of Inertial Resonance System Controller” (Institute of Electrical Engineers, Industrial Application Division 118-D-1 in January 1998). Here, the outline of the coefficient projection will be briefly described.
[0017]
The coefficient diagram method is a kind of algebraic design method on the polynomial ring.By using the coefficient diagram and designing the characteristic polynomial and the controller at the same time using the appropriateness of the shape as a scale, stability, responsiveness, Robustness can be easily balanced. The various mathematical relationships used in the coefficient projection are listed as follows. Assume that the characteristic polynomial Δ (s) is given by the following equation (11) for an n-th order closed loop system.
[0018]
[Expression 7]
Figure 0003992448
[0019]
Further, the stability index γi indicating the control system stability and the equivalent time constant τ indicating the control system response speed are respectively defined as the following expressions (12) and (13).
[0020]
[Equation 8]
Figure 0003992448
[0021]
In the coefficient projection, the standard form stability index recommended by Mr. Manabe is expressed by the following equation (14).
[0022]
[Equation 9]
Figure 0003992448
[0023]
Hereinafter, each gain of the PID controller is determined by the Manabe coefficient projection described above. For the closed-loop characteristic polynomial of the equation (10), the coefficient index stability index γi (i = 1 to 3) and the equivalent time constant τ are expressed by the following equation (15).
[0024]
[Expression 10]
Figure 0003992448
[0025]
Using the equation (15), each gain (Kp, Ki, Kd) and equivalent time constant (τ) of the PID controller can be obtained by the following equation (16).
[0026]
[Expression 11]
Figure 0003992448
[0027]
When the PID controller designed as described above is applied to speed control of a two-inertia system and simulation or experiment is performed, only approximate differentiation can be used as a differential term. In particular, when the inertia ratio KJ (= JL / Jmg) is small, a good differential time constant Td is required to exhibit good control performance without torsional vibration . For example, for a two-inertia system with an inertia ratio KJ = 0.68, a PID controller with a differential gain of Kd <0 designed by the above equation (16) has differential time constants of Td = 1 msec and Td = 10 msec, respectively. When applied, the respective time response simulations are as shown in FIGS. 10 (a) and 10 (b). As can be seen from FIG. 10B, when a slow differential time constant (Td = 0.01 sec) is applied, shaft torsional vibration due to the application of disturbance torque appears , and the response characteristics of the control system deteriorate. As can be seen from the above description, when a PID controller having a complete differential term is applied to a two-inertia system having a small inertia ratio, a fast differential time constant is required in order not to reduce the control performance. However, when a PID controller having a differential gain of Kd <0 and a fast differential time constant Td is applied to the original backlash torsional three-inertia system, the time response simulation generates backlash oscillation as shown in FIG. Control will not be possible.
[0028]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Generally, the spring constant Kg of the gear is much higher than the spring constant Kc of the shaft, that is, Kg >> Kc. Therefore, as a conventional method, the motor inertia (Jm) and the gear inertia (Jg) are combined into one equivalent inertia (Jmg = Jm + Jg) (hereinafter Jmg is called motor equivalent inertia), the original backlash torsional 3 inertial system (Jm, Jg, JL) is equivalent to the 2 inertial system (Jmg, JL), and the speed control system is designed To do. Conventionally, PID (proportional-integral-derivative) control has been used for speed control of such a two-inertia system, but with the recent development of modern control theory, resonance ratio control and control system based on disturbance observers. H∞ control based on the theory of shaping the frequency response of a wide range has been widely studied. However, when the ratio between the load inertia (JL) and the motor equivalent inertia (Jmg) (KJ = JL / Jmg, hereinafter referred to as the inertia ratio) is small, the conventional PID control as described above and the latest The resonance ratio control requires a differential gain of Kd <0 and a fast differential time constant Td or a fast disturbance observer filter time constant Tf in order to suppress shaft torsional vibration . In order to realize fast differentiation or fast disturbance observer, not only a high-speed controller is required, but also when the two-inertia system changes to the original backlash torsion three-inertia system due to the presence of backlash in the drive unit, backlash vibration is induced. The control system may become unstable.
[0029]
The present invention has been made in view of the problems of the prior art as described above, and is intended to suppress backlash vibration and torsional vibration in speed control of a multi-inertia system having a small inertia ratio. 1, the PD control is used in combination with the disturbance cancellation control by the disturbance observer , and the differential time constant Td of the PD control is designed to satisfy the control system stability and sufficient condition derived in the present application, thereby generating backlash vibration. Control method is not allowed.
[0030]
In other words, the means for achieving the object is as set forth in claim 1, in the speed damping control_ of the multi-inertia motor drive system, the PD controller that receives the deviation between the speed command and the motor speed, and the motor torque. And a disturbance observer that receives the motor speed as an input, the sum of the output of the PD controller and the output of the disturbance observer is obtained, and the speed control system that uses the sum as the motor torque of the motor drive system is configured. This is a speed control method for a motor drive system .
[0032]
3. The differential time constant Td of the PD controller according to claim 2, wherein the control system stability sufficient condition Td> −KdTf / (KpTf + Jmgn)
Kd derivative gain, Tf filter time constant, Kp a proportional gain, by setting to meet the nominal value of Jmgn motor equivalent inertia, speed control of the _ according to claim 1, characterized in that so as not occur backlash vibration Is the method.
[0033]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a block diagram for explaining claim 1 of the present invention. In FIG. 1, a PD controller 1 for inputting a deviation Δω between a speed command ω * and a motor speed ωm is provided, and a motor torque is provided. A disturbance observer 2 having Tm and motor speed ωm as inputs is provided, and the sum of the output of the PD controller 1 and the output of the disturbance observer 2 is the motor torque Tm of the motor drive system (backlash torsion 3 inertia system 3). Thus, the speed control system of the motor drive system is configured.
[0034]
In the PD controller 1, Kp is a proportional gain, and Kd and Td are a differential gain and a differential time constant, respectively. In the disturbance observer 2, Tf is a filter time constant of the disturbance observer 2, and Jmgn is a nominal value of motor equivalent inertia Jmg (= Jm + Jg).
There are five controller parameters in the present invention: Kp, Kd, Td, Tf, and Jmgn, and Jmgn is determined in advance because it is a nominal value of motor equivalent inertia.
[0035]
Next, a method for determining the controller parameters Kp, Kd, Td, and Tf will be described with reference to FIG. When the motor drive system is a backlash torsional 3 inertia system in which the motor and load are coupled by a gear and an elastic shaft, first, the backlash torsion 3 inertial system is added to the sum of motor inertia, gear inertia and load inertia. The inertial system is an inertial system, the proportional gain Kp of the PD controller and the buffer filter time constant Tf of the disturbance observer are calculated by the Manabe coefficient diagram, and the sum of the motor inertia and the gear inertia is set as the motor equivalent inertia. Thus, the backlash torsional three-inertia system is a two-inertia system composed of the motor equivalent inertia and the load inertia, and the differential gain Kd of the PD controller is set to the Manabe coefficient diagram so as to improve the torsional vibration suppression characteristics of the two-inertia system. calculated by, in particular, to a small two-inertia system inertia ratio, calculated differential gain Kd <0, and the further differential time constant Td of the PD controller By setting to meet Td> -KdTf / of the derived control system stable and sufficient condition in this application (KpTf + Jmgn), a speed control method characterized in that to prevent Okose backlash vibration.
[0036]
That is, when the motor drive system is a backlash torsional 3 inertial system 3 in which a motor and a load are coupled by a gear and an elastic shaft, as a controller parameter design method, first, a case without a differential term (ie, Kd = 0 and Assuming that the three inertial system of the backlash torsion to be controlled is one inertial system with the total inertia, the proportional gain Kp of the PD controller and the disturbance observer filter time constant Tf are designed by the Manabe coefficient projection, and the backlash torsion The three-inertia system is approximated to the two-inertia system, the differential gain Kd of the PD controller is determined by the Manabe coefficient projection so that the shaft torsional vibration suppression performance is improved, and the differential time constant Td of the PD controller is determined in this application. It is set so that the derived control system stability sufficient condition Td> −KdTf / (KpTf + Jmgn) can be satisfied.
[0037]
Figure 2 (a) (b) is a block diagram illustrating the design of the proportional gain Kp and the disturbance observer filter time constant Tf of PD control in claim 1 of the present invention by one inertial system. However, the equivalent inertia Jt of one inertia system is the total inertia of the controlled object calculated by Jt = Jm + Jg + JL.
[0038]
The speed control of the present invention is configured by P control and disturbance cancellation control by a disturbance observer as shown in FIG. 2A when there is no differential term (Kd = 0). Further, since sωm = 0 in a steady state (that is, when the motor speed is constant), the transfer function from the output T′m of the P controller to the motor torque Tm is expressed by the following equation (17). Desired.
[0039]
[Expression 12]
Figure 0003992448
[0040]
That is, at the steady state (sωm = 0), the control in FIG. 2A is equivalent to the PI control as shown in FIG. However, the integral gain Ki is determined by Ki = Kp / Tf. Therefore, as an approximate design method, the control parameters (Kp, Tf) in FIG. 2 (a) may be determined by the gains (Kp, Ki) of the PI controller in FIG. 2 (b).
In FIG. 2B, with Ki = Kp / Tf, the transfer function from the speed command ω * to the motor speed ωm is obtained by the following equation (18).
[0041]
[Formula 13]
Figure 0003992448
[0042]
For the denominator polynomial (closed loop characteristic polynomial) of the equation (18), the coefficient index stability index γi (i = 1) and the equivalent time constant τ are expressed by the following equation (19).
[0043]
[Expression 14]
Figure 0003992448
[0044]
From equation (19), it can be seen that the disturbance observer filter time constant Tf (= τ) is determined by the equivalent time constant τ indicating the control system response speed. If τ is determined in advance, the proportional gain Kp can be determined from the term γ1 in the equation (19). For example, if τ = 2.5√ (2 JL / Kc) so as to have the same response speed as the PID control of the above equation (16), the disturbance observer filter time constant Tf and the proportional gain Kp are as shown in the following equation (20): Can be calculated.
[0045]
[Expression 15]
Figure 0003992448
[0046]
When the P control and the disturbance cancellation control having the disturbance observer filter time constant Tf and the proportional gain Kp determined by the equation (20) are applied to the two-inertia system 5 shown in FIG. 9, the time response simulation is shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 3, when the disturbance torque is applied, the shaft torsional vibration is observed. When applied to the backlash torsion 3 inertial system 3 shown in FIG. 1, the time response simulation is performed as shown in FIG. Does not happen.
[0047]
In order to improve the torsional vibration suppression characteristics, as shown in FIG. 1, the approximate differential term Kd / (Tds + 1) is added to the speed control, and the differential gain Kd is the same as the differential gain of the PID control designed with a two-inertia system ( What is necessary is just to determine like the 3rd term of 16) type | formula.
[0048]
By equivalent conversion of the block diagram of the control system, the stability and sufficient condition of the speed control system of the present invention can be derived as shown in the following equation (21).
[0049]
[Expression 16]
Figure 0003992448
[0050]
Then, the differential time constant Td of the PD controller is set to satisfy the control system stability sufficient condition Td> −KdTf / (KpTf + Jmgn) Kd differential gain Tf disturbance observer filter time constant Kp proportional gain Jmgn motor equivalent inertia nominal value The speed control method according to Item 1. That is, the derivative time constant Td of the PD control, (21) so as to meet the control system stable and sufficient conditions shown in the expression is determined as the following equation (22).
[0051]
[Expression 17]
Figure 0003992448
[0052]
FIG. 9 shows PD control and disturbance cancellation control having the approximate differential term (Kds / (Tds + 1)) designed as described above and the proportional term (Kp) and disturbance observer (Tf) designed in the one inertial system. When applied to the two-inertia system 5 shown in FIG. 4, the time response simulation is as shown in FIG. 4. Compared with the response in FIG. 12, the addition of the approximate differential term indicates that the torsional vibration suppression characteristics have been improved. Recognize. Further, even when applied to the backlash torsional 3 inertial system 3 shown in FIG. 1, the time response simulation does not cause backlash vibration as shown in FIG. It can be seen that accurate speed control can be maintained.
[0053]
As a summary of the above, in the speed control method of the motor drive system of the present invention, the speed controller uses the PD controller 1 (F1 (s)) together with disturbance cancellation control by the disturbance observer 2 as shown in FIG. The proportional gain Kp of PD control and the disturbance observer filter time constant Tf are determined in one inertial system, the differential gain Kd is determined in the two-inertia system to improve the torsional vibration suppression characteristics, and backlash vibration is generated. If the differential time constant Td satisfying the control system stability and sufficient condition is determined so as not to occur, speed control without backlash vibration and shaft torsional vibration can be performed.
[0054]
Hereinafter, specific embodiments of the present invention will be further described with numerical examples.
The mechanical constants of the motor drive system as numerical examples are as follows: motor inertia Jm, gear inertia Jg, load inertia JL, gear spring constant Kg, shaft spring constant Kc, gear viscosity coefficient Dg, shaft viscosity coefficient Dc, and gear backlash width δ. An example of determining the PD control constants Kp, Kd, Td and the disturbance observer filter time constant Td when the value of the equation (23) shown in FIG.
[0055]
[Expression 18]
Figure 0003992448
[0056]
In the motor drive system having the mechanical constant, the gear spring constant is much larger than the axial spring constant, that is, Kg >> Kc. Therefore, the motor inertia Jm and the gear inertia Jg are merged to obtain the motor equivalent inertia Jmg (= Jm + Jg). Thus, as shown in FIG. 9, the PID controller 4 can be designed as a two-inertia system 5. When the PID controller 4 is designed by the above equation (16), each PID control gain and equivalent time constant τ are obtained as the following equation (24). Here, since the inertia ratio KJ (= JL / Jmg = 0.045 / 0.066 ) of the two inertia system is small, the differential gain Kd <0.
[0057]
[Equation 19]
Figure 0003992448
[0058]
When a PID controller having each gain in equation (24) and a differential time constant of Td = 1 msec is applied to the two-inertia system 5 shown in FIG. 9, the time response simulation is performed as shown in FIG. However, when applied to the backlash torsional 3 inertial system 3 shown in FIG. 1, the time response simulation generates backlash vibration as shown in FIG. 11, and stable control cannot be performed. Therefore, in order to enable stable speed control regardless of the presence or absence of the gear backlash in the drive device, the speed control device of the present invention is a disturbance canceler using the disturbance observer 2 as shown in FIG. It is configured by using together with the control. The proportional gain Kp and differential gain Kd of the PD controller 1 and the filter time constant Tf of the disturbance observer 2 according to claim 1 are determined by the third term of the equation (20) and the equation (16). Further , the differential time constant Td of the PD controller 1 is determined so as to satisfy the expression (22) of the control system stability and sufficient condition. In summary, the constants of the controller of the present invention are obtained as shown in the following equation (25).
[0059]
[Expression 20]
Figure 0003992448
[0060]
When the speed control of the present invention having each constant determined by the equation (25) is applied to the two-inertia system 5 shown in FIG. 9, the time response simulation shows a stable speed without shaft torsional vibration as shown in FIG. Can control. Further, when the speed control of the present invention is applied to the backlash torsional 3 inertial system 3 shown in FIG. 1, the time response simulation does not cause backlash vibration as shown in FIG. Nevertheless, it can be seen that stable speed control can be maintained. However, a differential time constant of Td = 10 msec> 5.7 msec was used for the simulation.
In this description, Tm has been described as a motor torque. However, in implementation, there are power units that convert control signals from inverters or the like into actual torque, but in order to make this description easier to understand, the transfer function of the power unit is expressed. It is made dimensionless and treated as a constant.
[0061]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, the speed control of the motor drive system is constituted by the PD control and the disturbance cancellation control by the disturbance observer, and the proportional gain Kp of the PD control and the disturbance observer by the Manabe coefficient projection in one inertia system. The filter time constant Tf is determined, and the differential gain Kd of PD control is determined by the Manabe coefficient diagram using a two-inertia system so as to improve the torsional vibration suppression characteristics, and the control system is stable enough to prevent backlash vibration. By determining the differential time constant Td that satisfies the conditions, it is possible to provide speed control with good backlash vibration suppression characteristics and torsional vibration suppression characteristics even for a multi-inertia system with a small inertia ratio , which is extremely useful in practice. It is highly probable.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of a one-inertia system to which P control and disturbance cancellation control are applied.
FIG. 3 is a time response characteristic diagram of a backlash torsional three inertia system to which P control and disturbance cancellation control are applied.
FIG. 4 is a time response characteristic diagram of a two-inertia system to which the speed control of the present invention is applied.
FIG. 5 is a time response characteristic diagram of a backlash torsional three inertia system to which the speed control of the present invention is applied.
FIG. 6 is an external view of a backlash twist three-inertia system as a motor drive system.
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of a backlash twist three inertia system.
FIG. 8 is a frequency response characteristic diagram of an open loop transfer function G3m (s) of a backlash torsional three inertia system.
FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a two-inertia system to which PID control is applied.
FIG. 10 is a time response characteristic diagram of a two-inertia system to which PID control having a differential time constant of a high speed and a low speed is applied.
FIG. 11 is a time response characteristic diagram of a backlash torsional three-inertia system to which PID control having a fast differential time constant is applied.
FIG. 12 is a time response characteristic diagram of a two-inertia system to which P control and disturbance cancellation control are applied.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 PD controller 2 Disturbance observer 3 Backlash twist 3 inertia system which has a gear and an elastic shaft 4 PID controller 5 which has a complete differential term 2 Two inertia system which has an elastic shaft 11 Motor 12 Load 13 Gear 14 Elastic shaft Jm Motor inertia Jg Gear Inertia Jmg Motor equivalent inertia JL Load inertia Jt 1 Inertia equivalent inertia Kg Gear spring constant Dg Gear viscosity coefficient Kc Shaft spring constant Dc Shaft viscosity coefficient δ Gear backlash width ω *
Speed command ωm
Motor speed Δω Deviation value ωg between speed command and motor speed
Gear speed ωL
Load speed Tm Motor torque Tg Gear torque Tc Shaft torque TL Disturbance torque F1 (s) PD controller transfer function F4 (s) PID controller transfer function with perfect differential term Kp Proportional gain Ki Integral gain Kd Differential gain Td Differential time constant
Tf Disturbance observer filter time constant ωh 2 Intrinsic antiresonance frequency ω0
Natural resonance frequency ωh1 of two inertia system
Natural anti-resonance frequency ωh2 corresponding to torsional vibration mode
Natural anti-resonance frequency ω01 corresponding to the backlash vibration mode
Natural resonance frequency ω02 corresponding to torsional vibration mode
Equivalent resonance constant γi of natural resonance frequency τ coefficient diagram corresponding to backlash vibration mode
Coefficient projection stability index G3m (s) Backlash torsion 3 Open loop transfer function from motor torque Tm to motor speed ωm in inertia system G2m (s) 2 Open loop transfer function from motor torque Tm to motor speed ωm in inertia system ]

Claims (1)

多慣性のモータドライブ系の速度制振制御において、速度指令とモータ速度との偏差を入力とするPD制御器と、モータトルクと前記モータ速度を入力とする外乱オブザーバとを設け、前記PD制御器の出力と前記外乱オブザーバの出力との和を求め、その和を前記モータドライブ系のモータトルクとする速度制御系を構成し、慣性比の小さい系を制御するために前記PD制御器の微分ゲインKdが<0となる場合に対して、前記PD制御器の微分時定数Tdを制御系安定十分条件Td>−KdTf/(KpTf+Jmgn) Kd 微分ゲイン、Tf 外乱オブザーバフィルタ時定数、Kp 比例ゲイン、Jmgnモータ等価慣性のノミナル値 を満たせるように設定することにより、ギヤバックラッシ振動を起こらないようにしたことを特徴とするモータドライブ系の速度制御方法。In speed damping control of a multi-inertia motor drive system, a PD controller that inputs a deviation between a speed command and a motor speed, and a disturbance observer that inputs a motor torque and the motor speed are provided, and the PD controller Of the output of the disturbance controller and the output of the disturbance observer, a speed control system using the sum as the motor torque of the motor drive system is configured, and the differential gain of the PD controller is used to control a system with a small inertia ratio. For the case where Kd is <0 , the differential time constant Td of the PD controller is set to the control system stability sufficient condition Td> −KdTf / (KpTf + Jmgn) Kd differential gain, Tf disturbance observer filter time constant, Kp proportional gain, Jmgn by setting to meet the nominal value of the motor equivalent inertia, characterized in that so as not happen gear backlash vibration Tadoraibu-based rate control method of.
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