JP3922145B2 - Water planing boat - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a watercraft that injects and propels water backward by rotation of an impeller.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Although not shown, a conventional small watercraft is equipped with a two-cycle engine and a jet pump on its hull, and drives the two-cycle engine to operate the jet pump and propel it in a predetermined direction. The two-cycle engine is mounted on the hull because the two-cycle engine does not require an oil pan or a valve mechanism, is lightweight and compact, has a high specific output, and is extremely suitable for a small watercraft. Based on the reason.
[0003]
However, in a two-cycle engine, the amount of hydrocarbons (hereinafter abbreviated as HC) is large and the fuel consumption is large. Therefore, the two-cycle engine sufficiently satisfies the request to prevent air pollution, river water, lake water, or seawater pollution. I can't. Therefore, in recent years, a 4-cycle engine with excellent HC emissions and fuel consumption rate has been used to contribute to the prevention of environmental pollution and to ensure the same output as a 2-cycle engine. The displacement and the number of cylinders are increased. In particular, the high-speed 4-cycle engine is designed to achieve light weight, compactness and high output.
[0004]
In addition, Patent Literature 1, Patent Literature 2, Patent Literature 3, Patent Literature 4, Patent Literature 5, Patent Literature 6 and the like are cited as prior art literatures concerning this type of water planing boat.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-7-237586 [Patent Document 2]
JP-A-7-237487 [Patent Document 3]
JP-A-7-237588 [Patent Document 4]
JP-A-8-26185 [Patent Document 5]
JP-A-8-49596 [Patent Document 6]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-53098
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The conventional personal watercraft uses a four-cycle engine as described above, and in order to achieve an output equivalent to that of a two-cycle engine, it is intended to achieve high rotation, large displacement, and multiple cylinders. In order to realize this, intake system equipment and exhaust system equipment of a 4-cycle engine must be ideally arranged, and a large engine space is required. Further, in view of the fact that the exhaust system is heated by exhaust gas, the water jacket is provided from the viewpoint of safety and is water-cooled, so that the exhaust system becomes larger and heavier. However, the space in the engine room of a conventional personal watercraft is not different from that when a two-cycle engine is installed. Therefore, the intake system and exhaust system are ideally arranged, or this large and heavy exhaust system is installed. There was a problem that it was extremely difficult to hold it securely.
[0007]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and provides a watercraft that can ideally arrange the intake system equipment and exhaust system equipment of a four-cycle engine and can reliably hold the exhaust system equipment. The purpose is to do.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention includes a dry sump type four-cycle four-cylinder engine and a jet pump mounted on a hull, and an expanded cylinder portion and a muffler constituting an exhaust system device between an exhaust port and an exhaust hose for discharging exhaust gas to the outside of the ship. with the door, in hydroplane boat to propel by operating the jet pump by the driving of the four-stroke cycle four-cylinder engine, expansion of on the hull center line in plan view, four exhaust manifold pipe is connected to the set An exhaust for connecting a diameter cylinder part and the muffler while disposing an oil tank and a muffler for a dry sump at the rear of the engine. A water planing boat characterized in that a pipe is disposed on the side opposite to the air inlet of the air box across the engine and passes through a side of the oil tank .
[0009]
According to the present invention, the engine intake system to the exhaust system can be laid out in a substantially straight line, thereby reducing the intake resistance and the exhaust resistance. Further, the intake / exhaust pulsation and the intake / exhaust inertia attenuation in the intake pipe and the exhaust pipe are reduced, and the intake / exhaust pulsation effect and the intake / exhaust inertia effect can be utilized.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. A water planing boat in the present embodiment is equipped with a 4-cylinder engine 6 and a jet pump 32 that are water-cooled in four cycles in the hull 1, and the crankshaft 12 of the 4-cylinder engine 6 is arranged in four horizontal cylinders in the horizontal direction of the hull 1. The cylinders 11 of the engine 6 are oriented perpendicularly to the impeller shaft 33 of the jet pump 32, respectively. An exhaust manifold pipe 38 is connected to the exhaust port of each cylinder of the four-cylinder engine 6, and the downstream ends of the plurality of exhaust manifold pipes 38 serve as outflow portions 39, and the outflow portions 39 are connected to the muffler via joint pipes 40. 64 exhaust pipes 60 are connected.
[0011]
The hull 1 is integrally formed of various synthetic resins, and as shown in FIG. 1, a steering handle 2 that can be rotated toward the front part at the center of the upper part is provided, and a seat 3 with a band is provided at the upper rear part. In addition, a step for stepping on foot (not shown) is integrally formed on both the left and right sides of the seat 3, and an unillustrated occupant straddling the seat 3 appropriately operates the steering handle 2 and the like on the water surface. Promote gliding.
[0012]
The hull 1 is structured in consideration of straight running stability and reaction force suppression. As shown in FIG. 2, the hull 1 has a plurality of mounting rubbers 4 and almost boxes in the engine chamber at a position slightly shifted from the center to the front. A large, in-line four-cylinder engine 6 is installed in a vertically upright state via a shaped mount frame 5. A fuel tank 7 for supplying fuel to the four-cylinder engine 6 is installed near the rear of the inner center of the hull 1, and a jet pump 32 directed in the front-rear direction of the hull 1 is installed in the pump chamber near the rearmost part of the inner center. Has been.
[0013]
The engine room is configured to introduce air through a plurality of air circulation ducts (not shown). As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the four-cylinder engine 6 includes a crankcase 9 at a lower portion thereof, and a cylinder 11 having a cylinder head 10 at an upper portion thereof is vertically attached to the crankcase 9. . A crankshaft 12 is supported inside the crankcase 9 via a plurality of bearings, and this crankshaft 12 is engaged with a power turning mechanism 13 inside the crankcase 9 via a drive gear 14. The power diverting mechanism 13 functions to convert the rotational driving force of the crankshaft 12 by 90 ° and transmit it at a reduced speed.
[0014]
As shown in FIG. 3, the power diverting mechanism 13 includes a drive gear 14 fitted on one side of the crankshaft 12, a drive shaft 15 supported in parallel with the crankshaft 12, and a crankcase 9. And a driven shaft 17 supported by a plurality of bearings 16 from the center of the inner center to the rear. The drive shaft 15 is pivotally supported on one side of the rear side of the crankcase 9 via a plurality of bearings 18, and a magneto 19 is engaged at one end thereof and a drive gear 14 is engaged at a central portion via a nut 20. A gear 21 and a drive bevel gear 22 are attached to the other end.
[0015]
As shown in FIG. 3, the magnet 19 includes a flywheel 23 attached to the drive shaft 15, and a permanent magnet 24 having alternating N and S poles is attached to the inner periphery of the flywheel 23. The flywheel 23 has a built-in power generation coil 25 facing the permanent magnet 24. Further, a driven bevel gear 26 is fitted on the driven shaft 17 via a nut 27, and the driven bevel gear 26 meshes with the drive bevel gear 22.
[0016]
The four-cylinder engine 6 provided with such a power turning mechanism 13 is used as a horizontal type instead of a conventional vertical type, and the cylinders 11 are arranged in the horizontal direction of the hull 1. An intake system device 30 including an air box 28 and a carburetor 29 is installed above and in front of the center line of the crankshaft 12, and oil for lubricating the four-cylinder engine 6 is disposed on one side of the rear side of the crankshaft 12. The tank 31 is installed via the oil pipe, and the space in the front-rear direction with a relatively sufficient margin is utilized very efficiently. The oil tank 31 constitutes a part of the dry sump together with the oil feed / return pump so that the position of the center of gravity of the four-cylinder engine 6 can be lowered and the cooling performance can be improved.
[0017]
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the jet pump 32 includes a stainless steel impeller shaft 33 that is inclined on the center line of the hull 1, and this impeller shaft 33 is attached to the driven shaft 17 of the power diverting mechanism 13. They are connected via a rubber coupling 34. An impeller 36 that rotates inside the casing 35 is fitted to the end of the impeller shaft 33, and the rotation of the impeller 36 sucks water from the opening of the hull 1, and water is jetted backward from the nozzle 37.
[0018]
A stator (not shown) is fixed inside the casing 35. Further, the nozzle 37 is configured to swing based on the steering operation of the steering handle 2, and the surface of the watercraft is steered by this swinging. Further, a cooling water inlet (not shown) is provided on the discharge side of the jet pump 32, and the cooling water is supplied from the cooling water inlet to the plurality of exhaust manifold pipes 38, respectively.
[0019]
A plurality (four in this embodiment) of exhaust manifold pipes 38 are composed of a plurality of tubes having substantially the same length as shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 4 to 6, and the cylinder head of each cylinder 11 The exhaust port is curvedly connected to the rear end of the crankshaft 12, and the downstream ends gather on the crankcase 9 to form a single outflow portion 39. The outflow portion 39 is a joint pipe. 40 is connected through. The plurality of exhaust manifold pipes 38 constitute an exhaust system device 41 together with the joint pipe 40, are supported by the mount frame 5, and are positioned above the crankcase 9.
[0020]
Each exhaust manifold pipe 38 has a coaxial double pipe structure, and a jacket 44 for circulating cooling water is defined between a long inner pipe 42 and a slightly short outer pipe 43. The outer pipe 43 includes nipples 45 at the upstream and downstream portions thereof, a cooling water inflow tube 46 is connected to the upstream portion, and a cooling water outflow tube 47 is connected to the downstream portion.
[0021]
As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the joint pipe 40 has a diameter-expanding cylinder portion 48 that supports a plurality of exhaust manifold pipes 38 arranged side by side by sheet metal processing, and gradually decreases the cross-sectional area from the upstream portion toward the downstream portion. It is configured as an integral structure including a tapered cylindrical portion 49 and a reduced diameter cylindrical portion 50, is supported by the mount frame 5, and is positioned above the crankcase 9. The enlarged diameter cylindrical portion 48 and the tapered cylindrical portion 49 are configured in a double wall structure, and a jacket 53 for circulating cooling water is defined between the inner shell 51 and the outer shell 52, and the enlarged diameter cylinder. A plurality of cooling water inflow pipes 54 are connected to the upstream part of the outer shell 52 of the part 48, and a cooling water outflow pipe 55 is connected to the downstream part.
[0022]
The plurality of cooling water inflow pipes 54 are connected to the cooling water outflow pipe 47 of the exhaust manifold pipe 38 via the communication pipe 56. The cooling water outflow pipe 55 is connected to the cooling water inflow pipe 54 of the exhaust pipe 60 through a communication pipe 57. Further, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, a mounting joint 58 is fitted to the reduced diameter cylindrical portion 50, and a mounting joint 59 upstream of the exhaust pipe 60 is attached to the mounting joint 58 for shock resistance and vibration resistance. They are connected via spherical gaskets and fasteners.
[0023]
The exhaust pipe 60 is bent and formed so as to gradually descend from the center of the hull 1 toward the side as it goes from the upstream portion to the downstream portion thereof, and is supported by a support bracket 61 for absorbing vibration. The exhaust pipe 60 is fitted with a fitting joint 59 for the joint pipe 40 at the upstream portion thereof, and a fitting joint 63 is fitted at the downstream portion thereof. And connected through fasteners. The exhaust pipe 60 has a coaxial double pipe structure, and a jacket for circulating cooling water is defined between an inner pipe and an outer pipe containing a catalyst (not shown). The outer pipe is provided with nipples at the upstream and downstream portions thereof, a cooling water inflow tube 54 is connected to the upstream portion, and a cooling water outflow tube 55 is connected to the downstream portion.
[0024]
Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the muffler 64 includes a plurality of exhaust chambers (not shown) arranged in the upstream and downstream directions, and is installed on one rear side inside the hull 1. The plurality of exhaust chambers communicate with each other, and a connecting joint 65 extending from the upstream exhaust chamber to the front of the hull 1 is formed with a mounting joint 66 for a downstream mounting joint of the exhaust pipe 60. A flat L-shaped exhaust hose 67 intersecting the jet pump 32 is connected to the exhaust chamber for outboard discharge. The upstream exhaust chamber is connected to the cooling water outflow pipe 55 of the exhaust pipe 60 through a communication pipe 68.
[0025]
In the above configuration, when the occupant straddling the seat 3 starts the four-cylinder engine 6, the power turning mechanism 13 changes the direction and transmits it to the impeller shaft 33, and the jet pump. 32 is driven to rotate the impeller 36, the impeller 36 sucks water from the opening of the hull 1, and water is jetted backward from the nozzle 37. A water planing boat glides on the surface of the water by this water jet action. At this time, the exhaust gas sequentially passes through the exhaust manifold pipe 38, the joint pipe 40, the exhaust pipe 60, and the muffler 64 from the exhaust port of the 4-cylinder engine 6, and is exhausted from the stern of the hull 1 to the outside of the ship through the exhaust hose 67. .
[0026]
As the four-cylinder engine 6 is started, cooling water (indicated by arrows) made of seawater or lake water flows into the cooling water intake, and the jacket 44 of the exhaust manifold pipe 38 is connected to the cooling water intake through the communication pipe. Then, the jacket 53 of the joint pipe 40 and the jacket of the exhaust pipe 60 are sequentially supplied with water, and the exhaust manifold pipe 38, the joint pipe 40, the exhaust pipe 60 and the catalyst that have been heated are cooled. The cooling water that has cooled the exhaust manifold pipe 38, the joint pipe 40, the exhaust pipe 60, and the catalyst in this way passes through the muffler 64 from the jacket of the exhaust pipe 60, flows into the exhaust hose 67, and is then discharged outside the ship.
[0027]
According to the said structure, since the 4-cylinder engine 6 is utilized, compared with a 2-cycle engine, HC is significantly reduced and it can be an effective exhaust gas countermeasure. Further, since the cylinder 11 is disposed perpendicular to the center line of the impeller shaft 33, the intake system device 30 and the exhaust system device 41 can be disposed in a substantially straight line. With this arrangement, the intake resistance and the exhaust resistance are reduced during the operation of the four-cylinder engine 6, and the intake air charging efficiency and the exhaust efficiency can be remarkably improved. In addition, since the intake system device 30 and the exhaust system device 41 are arranged almost in a straight line, the intake / exhaust pulsation and the attenuation of the intake / exhaust inertia in the intake pipe and the exhaust pipe are reduced, and the intake / exhaust pulsation effect and the intake / exhaust effect are reduced. The exhaust inertia effect can be fully utilized. And the improvement of the output of the 4-cylinder engine 6 can be expected through this utilization.
[0028]
In addition, since the intake system equipment 30 and the exhaust system equipment 41 are arranged in a substantially straight line in the front-rear direction of the hull 1 with sufficient space, the intake pipe, the exhaust manifold pipe 38, and the exhaust pipe 60 are lengthened to form a 4-cylinder cylinder. A significant improvement in the output of the engine 6 can be expected. With these functions, the four-cycle engine can be made to be a high rotation type and a high output type, and performance higher than that of the conventional two-cycle engine can be obtained. Further, since the bevel gear type power diverting mechanism 13 is provided behind the hull 1 with respect to the crankshaft 12, the distance between the output end of the four-cylinder engine 6 and the jet pump 32 can be shortened. The impeller shaft 33 to be coupled can be shortened. By shortening the impeller shaft 33, it is possible to reduce the weight and cost of the entire hull, and to suppress and prevent bending vibration and torsional vibration of the impeller shaft 33.
[0029]
Further, since the exhaust system device 41, which is a heavy object, is installed above the crankcase 9, not only the exhaust port portion is supported and fixed to the exhaust system device 41, but also the crankcase 9, the engine mount frame 5, the engine bracket 61, Or it can be made to be a part similar to these. Accordingly, a strong coupling between the exhaust system device 41 and the cylinder head 10, the crankcase 9 and / or the engine mount frame 5 can be expected, and deterioration in durability caused by vibration of the four-cylinder engine 6 and vibration of the hull during traveling can be prevented. It becomes possible to prevent. Furthermore, since the heavy fuel tank 7 and the oil tank 31 are respectively installed behind the crankshaft 12 and the layout is such that the exhaust system equipment 41 is interposed between these 7 and 31, the maneuverability and The balance is greatly improved.
[0030]
Although the four-cylinder engine 6 is shown in the above embodiment, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, it is needless to say that a two-cylinder, three-cylinder, or five-cylinder or more engine may be used. . Further, either the fuel tank 7 or the oil tank 31 may be installed behind the crankshaft 12. Moreover, you may change suitably the shape, structure, etc. of the power direction change mechanism 13. FIG. Further, the cylinder 11 may be disposed completely perpendicular to the impeller shaft 33, or the cylinder 11 may be disposed so as to be recognized as being approximately vertical. Further, the number of exhaust manifold pipes 38 or the number of support brackets 61 and catalysts can be increased or decreased as appropriate.
[0031]
Further, the lengths of the plurality of exhaust manifold pipes 38 can be appropriately changed. Other cooling fluids can be used as appropriate. Further, the exhaust manifold pipe 38 and / or the joint pipe 40 may be supported by the crankcase 9. The joint pipe 40 may have a double pipe structure. Further, although the plurality of exhaust manifold pipes 38 are supported on the mount frame 5, the surface of the crankcase 9 or the like may be used. Moreover, as a connection method of each pipe, a screwing type, a butt welding type, a plug welding type, a biting type, a flare type, or the like can be used as appropriate. Furthermore, it goes without saying that a plurality of cooling fluid ejection holes may be formed in the inner pipe 42 and the inner shell 51 that define the jackets 44 and 53.
[0032]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, there is an effect that the intake system equipment and the exhaust system equipment of the four-cycle four-cylinder engine can be ideally and appropriately arranged and the exhaust system equipment can be securely held.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional side view showing an embodiment of a watercraft according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional plan view showing an embodiment of a personal watercraft according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional plan view showing a part of the engine in the embodiment of the watercraft according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a plan view showing an engine, an exhaust manifold pipe, and a joint pipe in an embodiment of a personal watercraft according to the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a front view showing an exhaust manifold pipe and a joint pipe in the embodiment of the personal watercraft according to the present invention.
6 is a cross-sectional explanatory view of FIG. 5. FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Hull 5 Mount Frame 6 4 Cylinder Engine (Engine)
9 Crankcase 11 Cylinder 12 Crankshaft 13 Power turning mechanism (Power transmission mechanism)
30 Intake system equipment 32 Jet pump 33 Impeller shaft 36 Impeller 38 Exhaust manifold pipe 39 Outflow part 40 Joint pipe 41 Exhaust system equipment 60 Exhaust pipe 64 Muffler

Claims (1)

Hull equipped with 4-cycle 4-cylinder engine and the jet pump dry sump type, and a flare tube portion and a muffler for an exhaust system device between the exhaust hose for discharging exhaust ports and the exhaust gas overboard, In a water planing boat that operates and propels the jet pump by driving the four- cycle four-cylinder engine,
In the plan view, on the center line of the hull, an expanded cylinder part to which four exhaust manifold pipes are assembled and connected, and an air box constituting the intake system equipment are arranged, and an oil tank and a muffler for dry sump are installed. An exhaust pipe that is disposed behind the engine and connects the diameter-expanded cylindrical portion and the muffler is disposed on the side opposite to the air inlet of the air box across the engine. A personal watercraft characterized by passing through .

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