JP3874120B1 - Soil disease control material, lipid-containing waste recycling method and lipid-containing waste recycling system - Google Patents

Abstract

Kind Code: A1 A soil disease suppressing material, a lipid-containing waste recycling method, and a lipid-containing waste recycling system that are useful as industrial materials having an effect of suppressing soil diseases while effectively recycling lipid-containing wastes. provide.
SOLUTION: A mixture of lipid-containing waste, cow manure and cow barn is fermented, and the fermentation ferments a raw material containing at least lipid-containing waste and cow manure in a fermenter, and the fermentation. A mixture of bedding, cattle manure, and lipid-containing waste collected from the cattle barn after a part of the raw material was mixed in the barn litter, and the cattle were raised in the barn for a predetermined period. The soil disease control material contains 1.0 × 10 ⁶ / g or more of Bacillus subtilis without adding bacterial cells from the outside.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a soil disease suppressing material, a lipid-containing waste recycling method, and a lipid-containing waste recycling system.

It is known that Bacillus subtilis, an aerobic bacterium, has no harmful effects such as chemical pesticides and can suppress many plant pathogens if the number of bacteria contained in the soil is secured to a certain level or more (Non-Patent Documents) 1).
However, to use it as a microbial pesticide, in order to increase the number of bacteria, these cells are added to the soil, or the cells are coated on plant seeds or added to other organic or inorganic soil conditioners. There is a need.

Cattle manure is unsuitable as a fermentation raw material because of its high moisture content of about 80% by weight and fiber. For this reason, raw beef manure and waste clay adsorbed with fats and oils are put into a fermentor and the aerobic fermentation is promoted by evaporating the water in the raw cattle manure from the heat of fermentation caused by the fats and oils being fermented A method of rapid fermentation composting of live cattle manure is known (Patent Document 1).
However, this composting method has a problem that the amount of heat in the fermenter is insufficient and efficient composting cannot be promoted.

  Waste white clay on which fats and oils are adsorbed is generated at edible oil manufacturing plants and the like. Edible oil is produced by squeezing and extracting raw materials such as rapeseed and corn to produce crude oil by delecithining, and further purifying the crude oil through deoxidation, decolorization and deodorization. Contains a large amount of oil and fat such as deoxidized oil syrup (also called alkali foots) in this deoxidation process, decolorized oil slag (also called waste white clay) in decolorization process, and deodorized distillate (also called deodorized scum) Lipid-containing waste is discharged from refineries. In particular, waste clay with adsorbed fats and oils contains a large amount of oil, and when it is landfilled as it is, it is often difficult to treat it as waste because the oil oozes out.

On the other hand, continuous cropping failure has become a major problem in vegetable farmers. For example, taasai wilt disease, cruciferous vegetable root-knot disease, tomato and spinach wilt disease mainly caused by Fusarium bacteria have appeared as continuous cropping disorders. There is a problem that it is difficult to improve the soil to prevent these continuous cropping failures.
JP-A-6-183868 http://www.res.titech.ac.jp/~junkan/japanese/pesticide/index.html

  The present invention was made in order to cope with such problems, and is intended to effectively reuse lipid-containing waste, and to be useful as an industrial material having an effect of suppressing soil disease. The purpose is to provide a method for recycling contained waste and a system for recycling lipid-containing waste.

The soil disease control material of the present invention ferments a mixture of lipid-containing waste, cattle manure, and barn bedding discharged in a process for refining crude oil in an edible oil factory while circulating the fermenter and the barn. The obtained fat-containing waste is a deoxidized oil syrup generated in the deoxidation step in the step of refining the crude oil, and the fermentation ferments the raw material containing at least the lipid-containing waste and cow manure in a fermenter. In addition, a part of the fermented raw material is mixed with the bedding material in the cowshed, and after raising the cow for a predetermined period in the cowshed, the bedding material, cattle manure and a part of the raw material collected from the raised cowshed The mixture containing the lipid-containing waste mixed as described above and the newly added lipid-containing waste are re-introduced into the fermentation apparatus and fermented.
Moreover, this soil disease suppression material is characterized by containing 1.0 × 10 ⁶ / g or more of Bacillus subtilis without adding bacterial cells from the outside.

The lipid-containing waste recycling method of the present invention includes a fermentation process in which a raw material containing at least a lipid-containing waste and cow manure discharged in a process of refining crude oil in an edible oil factory is fermented by a fermentation apparatus, and the fermentation Part of the raw material fermented in the process is mixed with the bedding litter, the step of raising the cow in the cowshed for a predetermined period, and the cow manure collected from the cowshed after the predetermined period and part of the raw material a litter containing a mixed lipid-containing waste, and a new lipid-containing waste, Ri Na and a re-fermentation step of fermenting again introduced into the fermentation device, the lipid-containing waste above crude characterized Datsusan'yu Saidea Rukoto generated in deoxidation step in purifying the.

The lipid-containing waste recycling system of the present invention uses a fermentation apparatus for aerobically fermenting a raw material containing lipid-containing waste, and the fermentation raw material obtained by the fermentation apparatus as part of a bedding litter. The fermentation apparatus comprises a cowshed, fermenting a raw material containing at least a lipid-containing waste and cow manure and mixing a part of the fermented raw material with a bedding litter, and in the cowshed for a predetermined period of time. The beef manure collected from the cattle barn after raising the cattle and the bedding containing the lipid-containing waste mixed as part of the above raw material and the newly added lipid-containing waste are put into the fermenter. fermented again, the lipid-containing waste, characterized in Datsusan'yu Saidea Rukoto generated in deoxidation step in the process of purifying the crude.

In the soil disease suppressing material of the present invention, aerobic fermentation easily proceeds by circulating a raw material containing fat-containing waste such as decolorized oil slag and deoxidized oil sardine and cow manure through a fermentation apparatus and a cowshed. Further, in the case of deoxidized oil, a deodorizing effect in the barn can be obtained. Furthermore, since the concentration of Bacillus subtilis can be 1.0 × 10 ⁶ / g or more without adding bacterial cells from the outside, plant pathogens that are prone to continuous cropping can be suppressed by applying to the soil.
The lipid-containing waste recycling method and the recycling system of the present invention include a fat-containing waste and cow manure that have been difficult to dispose of in the past by linking a refinery and a livestock farmer that discharges lipid-containing waste. Can be converted into available agricultural materials.

  The lipid-containing waste that can be used in the present invention is a waste containing lipid in an edible oil manufacturing factory. In particular, it is waste discharged in the process of refining crude oil after pressing, extracting, and delecithining the raw material. ), Deodorized distillate (deodorized scum) in the deodorizing step. In particular, in the present invention, deoxidized oil cane (alkaline foots) or decolorized oil cane (waste clay) can be used as the main component of the lipid-containing waste.

White clay is a white clay-like silicate, which is a natural geological material called “light porous highly silicified silicate white clay (2: 1 type montmorillonite clay)”. Examples of the main component include 70 wt% silicic acid, 10 wt% aluminum, 5 wt% iron, 5 wt% sodium, 4 wt% calcium, and 0.1 wt% potassium.
Waste white clay after being used in the process of decolorizing crude oil contains 10 to 40% by weight of oil that is difficult to separate and less than 10% by weight of water. It was difficult to process as a product.

Deoxidized oil sesame (alkaline foots) is a lipid-containing waste produced during the deoxidation process of crude oil, and its appearance is grease-like with a pH of about 11 and a total nitrogen content of 0.2% by weight. As an example of the component, water is 33.41% by weight, fatty acid is 38.18% by weight, triacylglycerol is 20.64% by weight, and other components such as sodium hydroxide are 7.77% by weight.
Deoxidized oil cane (alkaline foots) has a calorific value approximately twice that of waste white clay, so that the start of fermentation is fast and can be effectively used as an auxiliary material for composting. Further, it has a high pH and high deodorizing effect such as generation of organic acids.

  The barn litter that can be used in the present invention is a barn material that is used in a barn and absorbs cow manure and also serves as a cow bed. As the litter, rice straw, rice straw, wheat straw, sawdust powder, bark, wood mat, chips, pruned leaves, waste paper and crushed waste of cardboard can be used as long as they can be used as a litter in the barn.

The manufacturing process of the soil disease suppression material manufactured from the said lipid containing waste, cow manure, and a litter is shown in FIG.
A fat-containing waste 2 is discharged from the refinery 1. On the other hand, a new bedding 4 is laid in the barn 3 where cattle are raised. Alternatively, a new bedding 4 is added to the bedding already spread. By raising the cow in this, cow manure and bedding are mixed, and the mixture 5 of cow manure and bedding is accumulated in the barn 3. The mixture 5 may contain feed residue.
The mixture 5 and the lipid-containing waste 2 are mixed and fermented in the fermenter 6. The mixing ratio is appropriately selected depending on the type of the lipid-containing waste 2 and the like. An example of deoxidized oil and decolorized oil is described below with the water content of cow manure being about 80% by weight.
As a preferable example, when using deoxidized oil trough (alkaline foots) as a lipid-containing waste, by weight ratio (cow manure) / (deoxidized oil trough (alkaline foots)) = (70 to 95) / (30 to 5). The optimum amount is (cow manure) / (deoxidized oil (alkali foot)) = 80/20.
Moreover, when using decolorization oil husk (waste clay) as a lipid containing waste, it is (cow manure) / decoloration oil husk (waste clay) = (70-95) / (30-5) by weight ratio. The optimum amount is (cow manure) / decolorized oil scum (waste clay) = 80/20.

The lipid-containing waste 2 and the mixture 5 of cow manure and bedding are put into a fermenter 6.
The fermenter 6 that can be used in the present invention is a fermenter for aerobically fermenting a raw material to be input, and examples thereof include a vertical fermenter.
The vertical fermenter is a raw material inlet for introducing a mixture of cow manure, bedding and lipid-containing waste, a stirring device for stirring the raw material, and a feed capable of supplying oxygen or air to the stirred raw material. And a take-out port for taking out the mixture fermented in an aerobic atmosphere by blowing air or the like. Further, the fermentation apparatus can be provided with a heating device, a discharge port for discharged water vapor, and the like as necessary.

  When fermentation starts in an aerobic atmosphere, the temperature in the fermenter rises. Fermentation conditions can be performed by controlling raw material blending, stirring conditions, air blowing, and the like using this temperature as an index. For example, the temperature in the fermenter is 60 to 80 ° C, preferably 70 to 75 ° C, and 72 to 120 hours.

After the reaction in the fermenter is completed, a part 7 of the fermented product is extracted from the fermenter 6 and mixed with the bedding in the barn or newly added bedding in the barn. Cattle are raised in the barn 3 where the mixed litter is spread. Bacillus subtilis grows in this process.
The mixture 5 in which Bacillus subtilis is propagated is put into a fermenter together with new lipid-containing waste 2. By repeating this cycle, Bacillus subtilis grows without adding bacterial cells from the outside, and the bacterial concentration of 1.0 × 10 ⁶ / g or more can be maintained.

The results of investigating changes over time in Bacillus subtilis when the above cycle is repeated are shown in Table 1 as examples. In Table 1, Sample A is a fermented product for cattle barn in a closed vertical fermenter (waste white clay, cow manure and bedding raw material mixture [waste white clay (oil content 30% by weight) / beef manure (water 80% by weight) / litter) (Dry matter 80% by weight) = 1000 kg / 4000 kg / 1000 kg]), and when the above cycle is repeated. Sample B is a closed vertical fermentation apparatus in which no fermented product is returned to the barn, and fermentation of a mixture of waste white clay, cow manure and bedding is performed only in the fermentation apparatus. Sample C is a case where an open stirrer is used without using a closed vertical fermentation apparatus, and waste white clay is not mixed with cow manure and litter. Bacillus subtilis is measured using a medium containing glucose 3 g / l, polypeptone 10 g / l, KH ₂ PO ₄ 1 g / l, MgSO ₄ H ₂ O 5 g / l, and agar 18 g / l. The measurement was performed at 35 ° C. for 24 hours.

表１に示すように、本発明のサイクルを繰り返すことにより、１２か月経過後も枯草菌が 2.0×10⁶/g 以上維持できる。

As shown in Table 1, Bacillus subtilis can be maintained at 2.0 × 10 ⁶ / g or more even after 12 months by repeating the cycle of the present invention.

By repeating the above cycle and extracting a part thereof from the fermentation apparatus 6, the soil disease suppressing material 8 in which Bacillus subtilis has grown can be produced. Moreover, the soil disease suppression material 8 can be manufactured continuously by returning the other part 7 extracted to the cowshed and repeating the cycle again.
Since the obtained soil disease control material is 1.0 × 10 ⁶ / g or more of Bacillus subtilis, Rhizotonia solani fungus causing various diseases of rice rot, cereal blight, turf, and rice blast Pyricularia oryzae causing caustic, Fusarium oxysporum causing cauliflower and tomato wilt, Fusarium roseum causing caustic maize, Verticillium dahliae causing cabbage of tomato wilt, cruciferous root vegetables Plasmodiophora brassicae causing the club disease (filamentous fungi), Pseudomonas solanacearum causing the bacterial wilt of tomato, Pseudomonas syria causing the cucumber spotted bacterial disease It has a suppressive effect on diseases caused by lingae bacteria and Xanthomonas oryzae bacteria (bacteria) causing rice leaf blight.

As an Example, the soil disease inhibitory effect was measured using Sample A, Sample B, and Sample C.
Pot test 1
Fusarium oxysporum is inoculated into the soil (Kuroboku soil) at 1 × 10 ⁴ / g, and sample A, sample B and sample C are added to 500 kg per 10 ares respectively, and taasai (Chinese vegetable) Cultivated. A material-free area was also established. The severity of soil diseases during the cultivation process was investigated. The degree of disease onset was shown as a weighted average value as 0: no disease, 1: mild, 2: moderate, 3: withering and death. The results are shown in Table 2.

Pot test 2
Plasmodiophora brassicae is inoculated into the soil (black urn) at 1 × 10 ⁵ / g, and the sample A, sample B, and sample C are added to 500 kg per 10 ares respectively, and taasai (Chinese vegetable) Cultivated. A material-free area was also established. The disease severity was expressed as a weighted average value as 0: no disease, 1: mild, 2: moderate, 3: severe. The results are shown in Table 2.

表２に示すように、本発明の土壌病害抑制材は農作物の病害に対して効果がある。

As shown in Table 2, the soil disease suppressing material of the present invention is effective against diseases of agricultural crops.

The lipid-containing waste recycling method of the present invention comprises a step of mixing fat-containing waste that is decolorized oil or deoxidized oil with cow manure and bedding and fermenting it with a fermentation apparatus, and a part of the fermented product is cowshed The step of mixing in the litter and rearing the cow for a predetermined period in the barn, and the re-fermentation step of re-fermenting the raw material, the litter and cow manure into the fermentation apparatus after the elapse of the predetermined period are repeated. By repeating this process, the decolorized oil syrup or deoxidized oil syrup is produced as a soil disease control material, so that the lipid-containing waste can be reused. Further, composting progresses in the fermenter, and the lipid-containing waste can be reused as compost.
The method described in the above-mentioned method for producing a soil disease suppressing material can be used for the step of fermenting with a fermentation apparatus.

表３に示すように、牛舎内の臭気強度は低下した。 The lipid-containing waste recycling system of the present invention can be reused by using a lipid-containing waste that is decolorized oil or deoxidized oil as a soil disease control material by the above recycling method. In addition, this reuse system can reuse the lipid-containing waste and can also deodorize the barn.
In particular, when deoxidized oil was used, an excellent deodorizing effect was obtained.
As an example, a raw material in which cow manure (water concentration 80% by weight) is mixed with rice husk, sawdust, deoxidized oil, and zeolite 15% by weight is mixed with a fermenter and a barn using a lipid-containing waste recycling system. Was cycled. Thereafter, the odor intensity in the barn was measured by a sensory test. The odor intensity was stronger as the number of (+) was larger, and the average value of 5 panelists was taken. The results are shown in Table 3.

As shown in Table 3, the odor intensity in the barn decreased.

  INDUSTRIAL APPLICABILITY In the present invention, lipid-containing waste discharged from a refinery can be used effectively, and a soil disease control material is created. This soil disease control material can reduce the amount of agricultural chemicals used and can suppress the amount of lipid-containing waste. For this reason, industrial waste discharged from livestock farmers and refineries can be integrated.

It is a manufacturing process of a soil disease suppression material.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Refinery 2 Lipid-containing waste 3 Cattle barn 4 Bedding 5 Mixture 6 Fermenter 7 Part of fermented product 8 Soil disease control material

Claims (4)

A soil disease control material obtained by fermenting a mixture of lipid-containing waste, cattle manure, and barn bedding discharged in the process of refining crude oil in an edible oil factory while circulating the fermenter and the barn. ,
The lipid-containing waste is deoxidized oil produced in a deoxidation step in the step of refining the crude oil,
The fermentation with fermenting at least comprising raw material and the cattle manure and the lipid-containing waste the fermentor, by mixing a portion of the raw material obtained by the fermentation bedding of the barn, in該牛sha After raising the cow for a predetermined period, a mixture of the bedding, cattle manure, and lipid-containing waste mixed as part of the raw material collected from the raised cowshed, and the newly added lipid-containing waste soil diseases suppressor for causing reintroduced to ferment the door to the fermentor. The soil disease suppressing material according to claim 1, wherein the soil disease suppressing material contains 1.0 × 10 ⁶ / g or more of Bacillus subtilis without adding bacterial cells from the outside. A fermentation process for fermenting a raw material containing at least a lipid-containing waste and cow manure discharged in a process for refining crude oil in an edible oil manufacturing factory using a fermentation apparatus, and a portion of the raw material fermented in the fermentation process in a barn A step of raising cattle for a predetermined period in the barn, and cattle manure collected from the barn after a predetermined period and a lipid-containing waste mixed as part of the raw material bedding and, a newly added the lipid-containing waste, Ri Na and a re-fermentation step of fermenting again charged into the fermentor, deoxidation in the process of the lipid-containing waste purifying the crude Datsusan'yu Saidea lipid-containing waste recycling method comprising Rukoto generated in step. Fermentation equipment for aerobically fermenting raw materials containing lipid-containing waste discharged in the process of refining crude oil at an edible oil manufacturing plant , and fermentation raw materials obtained by the fermentation equipment as part of the bedding litter A lipid-containing waste recycling system consisting of a barn to be used,
The fermenter ferments a raw material containing at least a lipid-containing waste and cow manure, and a part of the fermented raw material is mixed with a bedding litter, and the cow is raised in the cowshed for a predetermined period of time. The beef manure collected from the cow barn later and the bedding containing the lipid-containing waste mixed as part of the raw material and the newly added lipid-containing waste are put into the fermentation apparatus and fermented again is allowed, the lipid-containing waste recycling system characterized Datsusan'yu Saidea Rukoto said lipid-containing waste is generated in the deoxidation step in the step of purifying said crude oil.

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