JP3869082B2 - Scroll compressor - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a scroll compressor.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a scroll compressor, a fixed scroll is fixed to a housing, and a movable scroll is supported so that only revolving is possible. The fixed scroll is composed of a fixed side plate and a fixed spiral portion, and the movable scroll is composed of a movable side plate and a movable spiral portion, both of which mesh with each other to form a compression chamber. When the orbiting scroll revolves, the compression chamber is moved toward the center of the spiral to reduce the volume, and the refrigerant gas is circulated through the refrigeration circuit.
[0003]
In a conventional general scroll compressor, as described in JP-A-3-100309, a housing having a casing for storing a fixed scroll is adopted, and a front housing and a rear housing are provided before and after the casing. We are going to conclude. In a scroll compressor having a casing separate from the fixed scroll, the fixed scroll has a fixed spiral portion formed by a protrusion protruding in a spiral shape from the fixed side plate. A large-capacity suction chamber is inevitably formed between them. Then, as described in the publication, in the scroll type compressor provided with a suction port in the casing, the suction port is communicated with the suction chamber, and the suction port is sucked into the suction chamber from the external refrigeration circuit via the suction port. A part of the refrigerant gas is compressed as it is by reducing the volume of the compression chamber, while the remaining part cools the bearing device that supports the movable scroll in the front housing, the rotation prevention mechanism, and the sliding portion between the movable scroll and the fixed scroll. At the same time, these are lubricated with the contained mist-like lubricating oil. The refrigerant gas after cooling and lubrication is then sucked into the compression chamber and compressed.
[0004]
In Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-133768, a fixed scroll integrally has a shell forming an outer shell, and a fixed spiral portion and a fixed side plate are formed by forming a spiral groove in the shell. A scroll compressor is also disclosed. In the scroll compressor described in the publication, a suction port is provided in a front housing fastened to the front part of the shell, and the refrigerant gas sucked from the suction port is used for cooling and lubrication of the bearing device and the like. After that, it is compressed.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above scroll compressor, the refrigerant gas sucked through the suction port is temporarily expanded in the suction chamber having a large volume, or heated reversely by cooling the bearing device or the like. For this reason, in these scroll type compressors, the refrigerant gas is expanded in the suction chamber, thereby causing a pressure loss and increasing the specific volume. Further, in these scroll type compressors, the heated refrigerant gas is compressed and heated to increase the degree of superheat, and the refrigerant gas expands due to heating, which also causes a pressure loss, resulting in a ratio. The volume increases. This makes it impossible to satisfy the recent demand for improved performance.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional situation, and it is an object to be solved to provide a scroll compressor capable of reducing the degree of superheat and specific volume and improving performance.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A scroll compressor according to the present invention includes a housing, a fixed scroll including a fixed side plate and a fixed spiral part fixed to the housing, a movable side plate and a movable spiral part meshing with the fixed scroll, and A scroll compressor having a movable scroll that forms a compression chamber therebetween, the compression chamber being moved in a spiral direction by the revolving motion of the movable scroll to reduce the volume, and circulating the refrigerant gas through a refrigeration circuit ,
The fixed scroll integrally includes a shell forming an outer shell, and the fixed spiral portion and the fixed side plate are formed by recessing a spiral groove in the shell, and the spiral groove is formed in the shell. A suction port is formed in the compression chamber before compression for sucking the refrigerant gas from an external refrigeration circuit, and the suction port includes the housing supporting the shell and the movable scroll; Between the two adjacent bolts of the four bolts provided at the four corners on the outer side of the fixed scroll of the shell, and the outer peripheral end of one of the spiral grooves of the two bolts. Is formed so as to penetrate in a tangential direction of the spiral groove having a substantially circular shape to a convex portion formed to be biased to the adjacent bolts.
[0008]
In the scroll compressor according to the present invention, the fixed scroll integrally has a shell forming an outer shell, and the spiral spiral groove and the fixed side plate are formed by recessing the spiral groove in the shell. For this reason, a conventional suction chamber is not formed in the shell other than a small volume allowance that may occur when the spiral groove is manufactured. For this reason, in the scroll compressor of the present invention, the refrigerant gas sucked through the suction port is hardly expanded inside, and the specific volume is reduced without causing a pressure loss.
[0009]
In the scroll compressor of the present invention, a suction port communicating with the outer peripheral end of the spiral groove is formed in the shell, and refrigerant gas is directly sucked from the suction port into the compression chamber before compression from an external refrigeration circuit. I am going to do that. For this reason, in the scroll compressor of the present invention, the refrigerant gas sucked through the suction port can be prevented from being heated by the bearing device or the like, the degree of superheat is reduced, and the specific volume is also reduced without causing pressure loss. To do. Furthermore, by forming the suction port toward the tangential direction of the spiral groove on one side of the shell, the suction port can be provided close to the outer peripheral end of the spiral groove.
[0010]
Therefore, according to the scroll compressor of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the degree of superheat and the specific volume, and it is possible to satisfy the recent demand for performance improvement.
However, as described above, if the refrigerant gas is directly sucked into the compression chamber before compression from the suction port, the refrigerant gas is difficult to be supplied into the front housing fastened to the front portion of the shell and is movable. There may be a concern that cooling and lubrication of the bearing device for supporting the scroll, the anti-rotation mechanism, and the sliding portion between the movable scroll and the fixed scroll may be neglected. For this reason, in the scroll compressor of the present invention, the lubricating oil is separated from the compressed refrigerant gas in the rear housing that is fastened to the rear portion of the shell and forms a discharge chamber that communicates with the compressed compression chamber. Preferably, an oil separation chamber and an oil storage chamber that communicates with the oil separation chamber and stores lubricating oil are formed, and the oil storage chamber communicates with the inside of the front housing through an oil supply passage. In this case, the lubricating oil separated from the compressed refrigerant gas in the oil separation chamber is stored in the oil storage chamber, and is stably supplied into the front housing through the oil supply passage. For this reason, cooling and lubrication of the bearing device and the like are sufficient. Further, since only the lubricating oil separated from the refrigerant gas is supplied to the front housing, the performance is not deteriorated.
[0011]
In the scroll compressor of the present invention, it is preferable that the suction port penetrates the shell at a position close to the outer peripheral end of the spiral groove. In this case, the suction port is shortened, and the performance is not deteriorated due to the volume of the suction port. In addition, since the suction efficiency is easily adjusted by changing the inner diameter of the suction port, it is easy to obtain a balance between the performance improvement in the low speed range and the excessive performance in the high speed range. In this case, it is possible to achieve both cooling capacity improvement and labor saving.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In the scroll compressor according to the embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the front housing 2 is fastened by a plurality of bolts 3 to the front part of the shell 1 that forms the outer shell via an O-ring. The rear housing 4 is fastened to the rear part by a plurality of bolts (not shown) via a gasket 33.
[0013]
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 to 7, a spiral groove 1 a is formed in the shell 1, thereby forming a fixed scroll 10 including a fixed spiral portion 1 b on the inner and outer walls and a fixed side plate 1 c on the remaining portion. Has been. Further, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, the shell 1 has a suction port 1f penetrating in a position close to the outer peripheral end of the spiral groove 1a, and the suction port 1f passes through the suction service valve 31 shown in FIG. It is connected to an evaporator of an external refrigeration circuit (not shown). The suction port 1f has an inner diameter of 9 to 10 mm because the capacity of the scroll compressor is 80 cc. Moreover, the core removal margin 1d at the time of die-casting the shell 1 remains in the outer peripheral end of the spiral groove 1a shown in FIGS.
[0014]
As shown in FIG. 2, a drive shaft 7 is rotatably supported in the front housing 2 via a shaft seal device 5 and a bearing device 6. The slide key 8 is eccentric and projects rearward integrally with the drive shaft 7. A drive bush 9 is engaged with the slide key 8 so as to be slightly movable in the radial direction. A movable scroll 12 is supported on the drive bush 9 via a bearing device 11 and a counterweight 13 is fixed. ing. The movable scroll 12 includes a movable side plate 12c on the bearing device 11 side, and a movable spiral portion 12b formed by a protrusion protruding in a spiral shape from the movable side plate 12c. The movable side plate 12 c and the movable spiral portion 12 b in the movable scroll 12 mesh with the fixed side plate 1 c and the fixed spiral portion 1 b of the fixed scroll 10 to form a compression chamber P.
[0015]
Further, a plurality of pins 14 are fixed to the front housing 2, and a plurality of pins 15 are also fixed to the movable side plate 12 c of the movable scroll 12, and these pins 14, 15 are recessed in the front housing 2. Each of the retainers 16 slides on the seating surface. These pins 14 and 15 and the retainer 16 constitute a rotation prevention mechanism. A plate (not shown) that adjusts the gap in the thrust direction is provided between the movable side plate 12c and the retainer 16.
[0016]
Further, a discharge port 1e is provided in the center of the fixed side plate 1c of the fixed scroll 10, and the discharge port 1e can be opened and closed by a discharge valve (not shown). The opening degree of the discharge valve is regulated by a retainer 20 fixed to the fixed side plate 1c. As shown in FIG. 3, the shell 1 and the rear housing 4 are formed with a discharge chamber 17 and an oil storage chamber 18, and the rear housing 4 is formed with an oil separation chamber 19 as shown in FIG. Has been. The discharge chamber 17 communicates with the compressed compression chamber P through the discharge port 1e, and the discharge chamber 17 communicates with the oil separation chamber 19 through the discharge port 4a. The oil separation chamber 19 is provided with a discharge service valve 32 having a discharge port 4b inside. The discharge port 4a, the oil separation chamber 19 and the discharge service valve 32 constitute a centrifugal force utilizing oil separator that can be built in the scroll compressor. The discharge service valve 32 is connected to a condenser of the refrigeration circuit.
[0017]
A through hole 4 c communicating with the oil storage chamber 18 is provided through the bottom of the oil separation chamber 19. As shown in FIG. 3, an oil supply hole 33 a communicating with the oil storage chamber 18 on the shell 1 side is provided below the gasket 33, and an oil supply hole 33 b is provided above the gasket 33. The oil supply holes 33a and 33b communicate with each other through an oil supply groove 33c that is recessed in the mating surface side of the rear housing 4, and the oil supply holes 33b penetrate the shell 1 as shown in FIGS. An oil supply hole 1h opens the sliding portion between the fixed spiral portion 1b and the movable side plate 12c. Here, the oil supply hole 33a, the oil supply groove 33c, the oil supply hole 33b, and the oil supply hole 1h are oil supply passages. As shown in FIG. 3, a plurality of positioning pins 1 g protrude rearward from the back surface of the shell 1, and each positioning pin 1 g is engaged with a gasket 33.
[0018]
And in this scroll type compressor comprised as mentioned above, the drive shaft 7 is rotated with a belt via an electromagnetic clutch from a vehicle engine. As a result, the slide key 8 is driven, and the drive bush 9 revolves the movable scroll 12 along the revolution circle in cooperation with the rotation prevention mechanism. For this reason, the compression chamber P is moved toward the spiral center while sequentially reducing the volume.
[0019]
For this reason, as shown in FIGS. 4 to 7, at the outer peripheral end of the spiral groove 1 a of the shell 1, when the movable spiral portion 12 b of the movable scroll 12 forms a pair of compression chambers P, the refrigerant gas is sucked from the evaporator. The air is equally sucked into the respective compression chambers P through the ports 1f. Some refrigerant gas is supplied to the bearing devices 6 and 11 and the rotation prevention mechanism while the compression chamber P is not covered by the movable side plate 12c, and cools them.
[0020]
Thus, in this scroll type compressor, the suction port 1f is not formed in the shell 1 other than the conventional suction chamber other than the small-capacity allowance 1d that can occur when the spiral groove 1a is produced. The refrigerant gas sucked through the refrigerant hardly expands inside, and the specific volume is reduced without causing pressure loss.
In this scroll type compressor, since the refrigerant gas is directly sucked from the evaporator into the compression chamber P before compression from the suction port 1f, the refrigerant gas sucked through the suction port 1f is used as the bearing device 6, 11 is not heated, and the degree of superheat is reduced and the specific volume is reduced without causing pressure loss.
[0021]
Therefore, according to this scroll type compressor, it is possible to reduce the degree of superheat and the specific volume, and it is possible to satisfy the recent demand for performance improvement.
Further, in this scroll compressor, because the suction port 1f is disposed through the shell 1 at a position close to the outer peripheral end of the spiral groove 1a, inhalation port 1f is shortened, performance of the volume of the suction port 1f have a lead to a loss. This also due to the internal diameter of the inhalation port 1f is made smaller than the conventional performing suction throttle, because that was easy to moderate the suction efficiency, the range the engine speed such large traffic jam mode and cool-down mode is about 1500rpm from idling It is easy to obtain a balance between performance improvement in the low speed region and excess performance in other high speed regions. In this case, it is possible to achieve both cooling capacity improvement and power saving.
[0022]
Then, the refrigerant gas compressed by the movement of the compression chamber P is discharged into the discharge chamber 17 through the discharge port 1e and the discharge valve as shown in FIG. Thereafter, the refrigerant gas in the discharge chamber 17 is discharged into the oil separation chamber 19 from the discharge port 4a, travels around the cylinder portion of the discharge service valve 32, and in the meantime separates the mist-like lubricating oil contained by centrifugal force. The oil is stored in the oil storage chamber 18 through the through hole 4c. The refrigerant gas from which the lubricating oil is separated in the oil separation chamber 19 is discharged from the discharge port 4b of the discharge service valve 32 to the capacitor. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 3, the lubricating oil in the oil storage chamber 18 passes through the oil supply hole 33a, the oil supply groove 33c, the oil supply hole 33b, and the oil supply hole 1h, and as shown in FIG. 2, the fixed spiral part 1b and the movable side plate. It is stably supplied to the sliding part with 12c. The lubricating oil supplied here spreads over the entire sliding portion of the fixed spiral portion 1b and the movable side plate 12c by the revolving motion and its own weight of the movable scroll 12 while the opening of the oil supply hole 1h is covered by the movable side plate 12c. . Further, the lubricating oil supplied here is supplied to the bearing devices 6 and 11 and the rotation prevention mechanism while the opening of the oil supply hole 1h is not covered by the movable side plate 12c. For this reason, the bearings 6 and 11 are sufficiently lubricated. Further, since only the lubricating oil separated from the refrigerant gas is supplied to the front housing 2, the performance is not deteriorated.
[0023]
In this scroll type compressor, since the suction port 1f is provided through the shell 1, holes and counterbore for the passage of the conventional refrigerant gas are provided in the front housing 2, the plate and the movable side plate 12c of the movable scroll 12. Since it is no longer necessary, the mold can be simplified and the life can be extended, and deburring can be eliminated, thereby reducing the manufacturing cost.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a scroll compressor according to an embodiment.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the scroll compressor according to the embodiment.
3 relates to the scroll compressor according to the embodiment, and is a rear view taken along the line III-III in FIG. 2;
4 is a cross-sectional view taken along arrows IV-IV in FIG. 1 according to the scroll compressor according to the embodiment.
5 relates to the scroll compressor according to the embodiment, and is the same cross-sectional view as FIG. 4 after 90 ° revolution.
6 relates to the scroll compressor according to the embodiment, and is the same cross-sectional view as FIG. 4 after 180 ° revolution.
7 relates to the scroll compressor according to the embodiment, and is the same sectional view as FIG. 4 after 270 ° revolution.
[Explanation of symbols]
1, 2, 4 ... Housing (1 ... Shell, 2 ... Front housing, 4 ... Rear housing)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Fixed scroll 1c ... Fixed side board 1b ... Fixed spiral part 12 ... Movable scroll 12c ... Movable side board 12b ... Movable spiral part P ... Compression chamber 1a ... Swirl groove 1f ... Intake port
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1i ... Convex part 17 ... Discharge chamber 19 ... Oil separation chamber 18 ... Oil storage chamber 33a, 33c, 33b, 1h ... Oil supply passage (33a ... Oil supply hole, 33c ... Oil supply groove, 33b ... Oil supply hole, 1h ... Oil supply hole)

Claims (2)

A movable scroll including a housing, a fixed scroll including a fixed side plate and a fixed spiral portion fixed to the housing, and a movable side plate and a movable spiral portion meshing with the fixed scroll, and forming a compression chamber between the fixed scroll and the fixed scroll. And the compression chamber is moved in the spiral direction by the revolving motion of the movable scroll to reduce the volume, and the refrigerant compressor circulates the refrigerant gas through the refrigeration circuit.
The fixed scroll integrally includes a shell forming an outer shell, and the fixed spiral portion and the fixed side plate are formed by recessing a spiral groove in the shell, and the spiral groove is formed in the shell. A suction port is formed in the compression chamber before compression for sucking the refrigerant gas from an external refrigeration circuit, and the suction port includes the housing supporting the shell and the movable scroll; Between the two adjacent bolts of the four bolts provided at the four corners on the outer side of the fixed scroll of the shell, and the outer peripheral end of one of the spiral grooves of the two bolts. The scroll compressor is characterized in that it is provided in a tangential direction of the spiral groove having a substantially circular shape in a convex portion formed by being biased to the adjacent bolt.   The housing includes a shell, a front housing fastened to the shell and supporting the movable scroll, and a rear housing fastened to the shell and forming a discharge chamber communicating with the compressed compression chamber. The rear housing includes an oil separation chamber that separates the lubricating oil from the compressed refrigerant gas, and an oil storage chamber that communicates with the oil separation chamber and stores the lubricating oil. The oil storage chamber is formed by the oil supply passage. The scroll compressor according to claim 1, wherein the scroll compressor is in communication with the front housing.

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