JP3867247B2 - Snow melting water transmission device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a snow melting water-permeable device that melts snow that accumulates on a road surface on which people and vehicles can pass.

Conventionally, snow uses a property that melts when heated, and technology that melts snow by passing a heat medium such as water vapor through a heat radiating pipe buried in a flat plate (see, for example, Patent Document 1), a heating element buried in a concrete body A technique for melting snow is known (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-188108 (page 4-6, FIG. 1) Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-193008 (page 4-7, FIG. 1-4)

However, in the conventional technology, since the heat medium is passed through the heat radiating pipe, not only a heat source (equipment for supplying the heat medium) is required, but also enormous energy is required to heat the medium. In order to melt snow using tap water as a medium, the water temperature must be considerably higher than the snow temperature (generally 0 to 1 ° C.), considering that the heat radiating pipe is buried in the ground.
An object of the present invention is to provide a snow melting water-permeable device capable of paving a road bed (or road bed) and capable of melting snow without requiring a heat source.

(1) Means for solving the problem (hereinafter simply referred to as “solution means”) 1 is a mixture of an aggregate and an adhesive as schematically shown in FIG. A water permeable layer 3 formed with a target water permeability of 2.208 to 4.082 based on the relationship between the diameter of 3 to 15 mm and the water permeability, and a hole that is embedded in the water permeable layer 3 and ejects water from the hole by water pressure. A state in which a pipe 4 and a water shielding layer 5 provided below the water permeable layer 3 and having a lower water permeability than the water permeable layer 3 are infiltrated into the surface side of the water permeable layer 3 and are filled with water. The main point is to melt the snow.

According to the solution 1, the water permeable layer 3 is formed with the target water permeability of 2.208 to 4.082 based on the relationship between the aggregate particle size of 3 to 15 mm and the water permeability. Aggregates (materials and waste materials) have different particle sizes depending on the materials, and even the same aggregates can be reduced in size by crushing or grinding. If the particle size is large or small in this way, the gap generated when the aggregates hit each other is also different. If the gap is wide, water becomes easy to penetrate. Conversely, if the gap is narrow, water becomes difficult to penetrate. Therefore, the relationship between the particle size of the aggregate and the water permeability can be obtained in advance through experiments or field tests, and the water permeable layer 3 having the desired water permeability can be easily manufactured.

A perforated pipe 4 is embedded in the water permeable layer 3, and when water ejected from the hole of the perforated pipe 4 by water pressure penetrates the water permeable layer 3, the road surface F (that is, the surface of the water permeable layer 3) is immersed in water. Is done. Therefore, when the road surface F is filled with water, the snow is melted by directly touching the water. Moreover, since water is continuously ejected from the perforated pipe 4 (or intermittently), it is possible to reliably melt the snow that continues to fall and prevent snow accumulation on the road surface F. Furthermore, since the water ejected from the perforated pipe 4 has pressure , dust and dust that have entered the water permeable layer 3 can be washed away. Since the water supplied to the perforated pipe 4 requires pressure to be ejected (that is, water pressure) , in addition to using a power source such as the pump 6, potential energy such as an altitude difference or a head is used, The pressure of flowing water can be used. Since the water permeability of the water-impervious layer 5 is lower than that of the water-permeable layer 3, it is possible to reduce the amount of water ejected from the perforated pipe 4 from permeating the road bed G (or roadbed; the same applies hereinafter). For example, if the water permeability of the road bed G to be laid is measured and the water shielding layer 5 is formed with a water permeability equivalent to the water permeability, water will overflow between the water shielding layer 5 and the road bed G. The water that has permeated the impermeable layer 5 permeates the road bed G as it is.
In addition, since it is necessary to immerse the road surface F in water in order to implement | achieve snow melting, it is necessary to construct the said road surface F substantially flatly. Therefore, depending on the relationship with the amount of water that can be ejected from the perforated pipe 4, application to an inclined road surface F such as a slope may be difficult. Road surface F includes roads (including roadways and sidewalks), stairs, parking lots, pedestrian bridges, bridges, revetments, and the like.

(2) The solving means 2 is the snow melting water-permeable device described in the solving means 1, in which water is continuously ejected from the perforated pipe, and water in a state stretched on the surface side of the water-permeable layer flows into the side groove. The gist is that it is configured .

According to the solution 2, the water continuously ejected from the perforated tube is in a state of being stretched on the surface side of the water permeable layer, and thereafter flows into the side groove.

(3) The solution means 3 is the snow melting water-permeable device described in the solution means 1 or 2 , and has a gist that includes a valve that adjusts the amount of immersion of the road surface .

According to the solution 3, since the amount of dipping the road surface F can be adjusted by a valve (that is, a water control valve or a drain valve), snow melting can be reliably performed with an appropriate amount of water.

(4) solving device 4, a snow melting water permeation apparatus according to any one of 3 from the solutions 1, the pressure of the water flowing through the perforated pipe 4 utilizes water pressure potential energy or river configuration The summary is as follows.

  According to the solution 4, pressure is required to eject water from the perforated pipe 4, but if position energy such as an altitude difference or a head is used, or if the pressure of water flowing through the river is used, the pump A power source such as 6 becomes unnecessary. Therefore, no electric power is required to obtain the water pressure.

(5) The solving means 5 is the snow melting water permeation device described in any one of the solving means 1 to 4, and is connected to the perforated pipe 4 and has a pump 6 that pumps up and flows the water flowing through the drainage channel 1. It is summarized as having .

According to the solution 5, water flowing through the drainage channel 1 (hereinafter simply referred to as “drainage”) is pumped up by the pump 6, and the drainage is ejected from the hole of the perforated pipe 4 to form the surface of the permeable layer 3 ( Soak the top edge, for example. Although energy for moving the pump 6 is required, the waste water can be effectively used.

(6) The solving means 6 is the snow melting water-permeable device according to any one of the solving means 1 to 5 , and is provided adjacent to the road bed or the roadbed and with the upper part open, and the water-permeable layer 3 or the shielding film. It has a water storage part 2 for storing the water flowing through the water layer 5 and a pump 6 connected to the perforated pipe 4 for pumping the water stored in the water storage part 2 and sending it, and circulating the water to melt the snow. The gist is to do .

According to the solution 6, the water reservoir 2 is provided adjacent to the roadbed G and opened at the top. The water that has flowed through the water permeable layer 3 and the water shielding layer 5 (particularly the surface) is stored in the water storage section 2. The accumulated water is pumped up by the pump 6, and the water is ejected from the hole of the perforated pipe 4 to immerse the surface of the water permeable layer 3. In other words, snow is melted by circulating water like a fountain in a park. Although energy for moving the pump 6 is required, it is not necessary to procure water from the outside if it is circulated using snowmelt water.

(7) The solving means 7 is the snow-melting water-permeable device according to any one of the solving means 1 to 6, wherein the water-permeable layer 3 includes an upper layer portion formed using a hard material aggregate, and the upper layer portion. And having a lower layer portion formed using an aggregate made of a softer material.

  According to the solution 7, the aggregate made of a hard material corresponds to, for example, concrete pieces, plastic pieces, stones (including sand, gravel, stone pieces, etc.). Examples of the soft aggregate include rice husks, rubber chips, wood chips, and wood chips. The upper layer portion using the hard aggregate is not easily deformed even if a car or a person passes. The lower layer portion using the soft aggregate serves as a cushion and can absorb the unevenness on the surface of the roadbed G to make the road surface F substantially flat. In particular, when a snowmelt water-permeable device is constructed (or installed) on the sidewalk, the cushioning property described above reduces the impact on the foot when walking, making it easier to walk.

  Next, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to examples.

  The first embodiment is an example of obtaining water pressure using a pump, and will be described with reference to FIGS. In addition, a substantially flat water-permeable block (also referred to as “water-permeable panel”) is applied to a member corresponding to the water-permeable layer 3, and soil concrete and a water-impervious wall are applied to a member corresponding to the water-impervious layer 5, A connecting member is applied to a member corresponding to the connecting portion.

[Manufacture of permeable layer]
First, the manufacturing process (manufacturing method) of a water permeable block is demonstrated, referring FIG. 2 represented with the flowchart. In addition, about the construction process of soil concrete and a water-impervious wall, since it is the same as that of a well-known concrete construction process, illustration and description are abbreviate | omitted.

In the manufacturing process shown in FIG. 2, when the relationship between the particle size of the aggregate and the water permeability is not known in manufacturing the water permeable block (NO in step S10), an experiment or a field test is performed to check the aggregate. The relationship between the particle size and the water permeability is derived [Step S12].
As an experimental example, a sample aggregate is put into a box, and a fixed volume (milliliter) of water is poured from the upper side of the box. Then, the permeation time (seconds) required until water disappears from the upper surface of the aggregate is measured a plurality of times, and the flow rate (milliliter / second) and permeation rate (centimeter / second) are calculated from the average value of the measurement results. That is, it calculates | requires based on the arithmetic expression [flow volume = (volume of the poured water) / (permeation time), permeation speed = (flow volume) / (cross-sectional area of a box)]. The permeation rate thus obtained corresponds to the water permeability. As the aggregate, materials (mainly industrial materials) may be used, and waste materials (including natural waste materials and industrial waste materials) may be used. For example, Table 1 shows the test results when rice husks, wood chips, wood chips, gravel, etc. are used as aggregates.

According to the test results, the permeability of gravel decreases as the particle size decreases. As the particle size increases, the gap formed by the contact of the aggregates also increases, and the water permeability increases. Conversely, when the particle size is reduced, the gap is narrowed and the water permeability is also reduced.
On the other hand, the rice husks and the wood chips have close water permeability although the particle sizes are different. Since the difference from gravel is the elasticity of the material, the rice husks are thought to increase the water permeability by securing a certain gap even if the particle size is small.

  If the relationship between the particle size of the aggregate and the water permeability is derived by the experiment in step S16 or the field test, or if the relationship has already been derived (YES in step S10), the aggregate has the desired water permeability. It is inspected whether the particle size is suitable [step S14]. If the particle size matches the target water permeability (YES), it is used as it is. On the other hand, when the particle diameter does not match the target water permeability (NO), the aggregate is crushed using a pulverizer (or a crusher) until the particle diameter meets the water permeability [step S16]. Thus, an aggregate having an appropriate particle size is obtained.

  Next, the aggregate and the adhesive are mixed at a predetermined ratio [Step S18]. It is desirable to use, for example, a mixture of an ester polymer and a methanol solution as an adhesive that bonds the aggregates together. In this case, the natural environment can be preserved with little damage to the growth of the plant. Since the mixing ratio is affected by the structure of the aggregate (material), the moisture absorption rate, and the like, it is set in advance by conducting an experiment for each aggregate. The mixing ratio (that is, aggregate weight: adhesive weight) for the aggregate shown in Table 1 is as shown in Table 2 below, for example.

Aggregate and adhesive are mixed in the mixing ratio as described above, and the mixture is formed in a mold of a target shape (for example, block shape, column shape, circular shape, etc.) [step S20] and cured. The completed water-permeable block is taken out [Step S22]. In the case where it is not formed into a fixed shape, the mixture obtained in step S18 may be poured into the soil concrete and the impermeable wall to be cured. In addition, when manufacturing a water-permeable block having the same shape (YES in step S24), when mixing is performed from the aggregate and the adhesive, the process is repeated from step S18 as indicated by the solid line, and there is a large amount of the mixture and only the formation is required. In this case, the process is repeated from step S20 as indicated by a two-dot chain line. By repeating this, a necessary quantity of water-permeable blocks can be manufactured.
In addition, although it is also possible to manufacture a water-impervious layer (water-impregnated concrete and water-impervious wall in this example) with the same member as the water-permeable block described above, it is necessary to set the water permeability lower than the water-permeable block. It is desirable to set the water permeability equivalent to that of the roadbed G to be laid.

  Although the water permeable block can be manufactured by the manufacturing process described above, when it is desired to manufacture it in large quantities or when it is desired to maintain the accuracy of the water permeability or shape within a certain range, it is preferable to manufacture it using a manufacturing apparatus. A configuration example of the manufacturing apparatus will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration example of the manufacturing apparatus. In addition, although there exist a crusher, a crusher, etc. as a machine which crushes an aggregate, the example using a crusher is demonstrated here.

[Water-permeable layer manufacturing equipment]
The manufacturing apparatus includes a hopper 20 for temporarily storing aggregates, a pulverizer 22 for pulverizing aggregates fed from the hopper 20 to a predetermined particle size, an injector 24 for injecting adhesive, and a pulverizer 22. The mixer 26 that mixes the sent aggregate and the adhesive injected from the injector 24, the molding machine 28 that forms the mixture sent from the mixer 26 into a mold, and the operation of these devices are individually The manufacturing control device 10 is controlled.

  The production control device 10 is configured with a CPU (processor) 12 as a center in order to manage the production of water permeable blocks. The manufacturing control apparatus 10 includes a ROM 14 that stores a manufacturing control program and required data, a RAM 16 that can store temporary data such as processing time, and the like, and an input / output processing circuit and a communication control circuit. The CPU 12 executes the manufacturing control program stored in the ROM 14 to realize the manufacture of the water permeable block. The manufacturing control program includes a program for realizing the manufacturing process of FIG. 2 described above and other programs necessary for manufacturing the water permeable block. The above-mentioned data relating to the relationship between the particle size of the aggregate and the water permeability, the mixing ratio of the aggregate and the adhesive, the time required for mixing and formation (hereinafter simply referred to as “manufacturing data”), and the ROM 14. Or in a storage unit such as the RAM 16. Other components are the same as those in the well-known technology, and thus illustration and description thereof are omitted.

  First, as preparation prior to manufacturing, aggregate is stored in the hopper 20, the injection machine 24 is filled with an adhesive, and manufacturing data is stored in the ROM 14 (or the RAM 16). In relation to FIG. 2, the manufacturing control apparatus 10 controls as follows. That is, after sending the aggregate from the hopper 20, the aggregate is pulverized by the pulverizer 22 until the desired particle size is obtained (step S16). Aggregate and adhesive are charged into the mixer 26 at a ratio according to the mixing ratio, and mixed for an appropriate time so that almost the entire aggregate is coated with the adhesive (step S18). The mixture thus formed is charged into the molding machine 28, formed over a period of time appropriate for curing (step S20), and taken out after curing (step S22). In the case of a water permeable block, it is necessary to embed a perforated tube, and therefore, it is necessary to dispose the perforated tube at a predetermined position before the mixture formed in step S18 is put into the molding machine 28. Then, when the above-mentioned process of {(1) aggregate crushing and adhesive injection → (2) mixing → (3) formation → (4) removal} is repeated, the required quantity of water-permeable blocks with a perforated pipe embedded therein Can only be manufactured.

Even if flammable aggregates (eg, rice husks, wood chips, wood chips, etc.) are used, if the entire aggregate is coated with an adhesive, the material itself does not appear on the surface after curing. Therefore, until the time (or the temperature) until the coated adhesive is melted by heat, the flame is blocked and it becomes difficult to burn.
In addition, the production control device 10 can produce a necessary amount of a water shielding layer (in this example, water shielding concrete and a water shielding wall) by a member equivalent to the water permeable block.

[Example of construction using water-permeable blocks]
An example of constructing a snowmelt water-permeable device using the water-permeable block manufactured as described above and realizing snowmelt will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 and 5. Here, FIG. 4A shows a state in which the roadbed is constructed in a longitudinal sectional view, and FIG. 4B shows in a longitudinal sectional view a state in which impermeable concrete and a water shielding wall are laid on the roadbed, FIG. 4C is a longitudinal sectional view showing a state where a water permeable block is laid on the water-impervious concrete. Moreover, about the snowmelt water-permeable apparatus after construction, a top view is shown to FIG. 5 (A), and the BB longitudinal cross-sectional view in FIG. 5 (A) is shown to FIG. 5 (B).

  First, the ground 32 adjacent to the existing (or newly constructed) gutter 30 is dug down to construct a road bed 34 as shown in FIG. In this construction, the roadbed 34 where the soil concrete is laid is inclined downward toward the gutter 30 (for example, a water gradient of about 1 to 2%). If it carries out like this, the construction thickness of soil concrete can be made uniform.

  After the construction of the road bed 34, as shown in FIG. 4 (B), the interstitial concrete 36a and the water shielding wall 36b to be a water shielding layer are constructed. It is desirable that the dirt concrete 36a is inclined slightly downward toward the side groove 30 in the same manner as the road bed 34, and the top end of the impermeable wall 36b is finished to be horizontal. One or both of the soil-concrete 36a and the water-impervious wall 36b may be constructed with normal concrete (water permeability is zero), or may be constructed with water-permeable concrete having a water permeability set lower than the water-permeable block.

  After the concrete has solidified through the curing period, as shown in FIG. 4 (C), a water permeable tube 38 capable of ejecting water from a large number of holes, a water conduit 50 connecting the water permeable tube 38 and the water intake pump 40, A water supply member such as a water intake pump 40 that draws water from the side groove 30 and sends it to the permeable pipe 38 through the water guide pipe 50, and a drain pipe 48 that drains the water that has not been ejected to the side groove 30 is installed. In order to prevent damage to pipes (permeable pipe 38, conduit pipe 50, drain pipe 48, etc.), it is desirable to use a material resistant to freezing, such as an iron pipe or an HI-VP pipe, which melts snow. It is desirable to keep water flowing constantly in winter. Since the pipe is passed through the side groove 30, it is desirable to make a hole in the side groove 30 in advance. When piping the permeation pipe 38, as shown in FIG. 5A, a water control valve 52 for adjusting the amount of water supplied to the permeation pipe 38 and a drain valve 42 for adjusting the amount of drainage to the side groove 30 are installed. To do.

  After the installation of the water-circulating member, the water-permeable block 46 is constructed on the soil concrete 36a in the same manner as the concrete placing. That is, a mixture (a mixture of aggregate and adhesive; see step S18 in FIG. 2) mixed at a predetermined ratio so as to obtain the desired water permeability is poured into the top end of the impermeable wall 36b. To become. The distance between the top end of the water permeable block 46 and the water permeable tube 38 is desirably secured at a certain distance (for example, 2 centimeters) or more. FIG. 5 shows an example of the snow-melting water-permeable device 44 that has been solidified after the solidification period and thus completed the entire construction.

  In the example shown in FIG. 5A, the water permeable tube 38 of the snow melting water permeable device 44 is arranged in a ladder shape. The piping method is arbitrary, and piping may be performed in a shape other than the ladder shape (for example, a lattice shape, a spiral shape, a saw blade shape, a rectangular shape, or the like). With respect to the snowmelt water-permeable device 44 thus constructed, the water intake pump 40 is operated, and the water pumped up from the side groove 30 is caused to flow through the water-permeable pipe 38 along the arrow in FIG. 5A, and the water-permeable as shown by the arrow in FIG. It is ejected from the hole of the tube 38. The jetted water penetrates into the water permeable block 46 and immerses the top end (that is, the road surface F) of the water permeable block 46. By appropriately operating the water control valve 52 and the drain valve 42, the amount of the road surface F immersed can be adjusted according to the amount of snowfall. That is, if the amount of snowfall is large, the amount of the road surface F immersed is increased, and if the amount of snowfall is small, the amount of the surface F immersed is decreased, so that snow melting can be reliably performed with an appropriate amount of water.

  In this example, a method of pouring a mixture of aggregate and adhesive into the soil concrete 36a and the water-impervious wall 36b and curing is applied. However, the water-permeable block 46 (step S22 in FIG. 2) in which the water-permeable pipe 38 is embedded is used as the soil. You may apply the construction method affixed on the concrete 36a. The latter method does not require a solidifying period at the site, so the construction period can be shortened.

Further, when the above-described water permeable block 46 is constituted by using a plurality of water permeable blocks, it is desirable to connect them using a connecting member 54 as shown in FIGS. That is, as shown in FIG. 6A, first, the water permeable blocks 46a and 46b are laid on the soil concrete 36a. Thereafter, the connecting member 54 is fitted into the notch 56b (or the notch 56a, the notch 56c, etc.) corresponding to each other of the water permeable blocks 46a, 46b, as shown by an arrow. FIG. 6B shows a state in which the water permeable blocks 46a and 46b are thus fitted.
The connecting member 54 used to connect two or more water permeable blocks 46 is also called a “joint joint”, and is a plate-like member whose plane is shaped like an underwater eyeglass as shown in FIG. 7, for example. On the other hand, the end piece member 58 is used to make up for the connecting member 54 portion of the water-permeable block 46 without being used for connection. FIG. 8 shows an example in which twelve connecting members 54 (illustrated by cross hatching) are connected to the water-permeable blocks 46 arranged in three rows and three columns.

Furthermore, as an example in which the water permeable block 46 has a two-layer structure, the upper layer portion 60 and the lower layer portion 62 may be configured using aggregates having different hardnesses as shown in FIG. For example, the upper layer portion 60 is formed using a hard aggregate (for example, concrete pieces, plastic pieces, stones (including sand, gravel, stone pieces, etc.)), and the lower layer portion 62 has the upper layer portion 60. It is formed using an aggregate of a softer material (for example, rice husk, rubber chip, wood chip, wood chip). If it carries out like this, according to the hardness of the upper layer part 60, it will become difficult to deform | transform even if a car and a person pass. In addition, the cushion function of the lower layer portion 62 can absorb the unevenness on the surface of the road bed G and make the road surface substantially flat. In this example, the water permeable block 46 has a two-layer structure. However, the water permeable block 46 is formed by using a hard material aggregate similarly to the upper layer portion 60, and the soil concrete 36a is a soft material aggregate similar to the lower layer portion 62. The same effect can be obtained when formed using.
In addition to the two-layer structure as described above, if necessary, one or both of the water permeability and hardness may be changed to form a multilayer structure of three or more layers. In any case, snow can be melted by immersing the road surface F by infiltrating water.

According to the first embodiment described above, the following effects can be obtained.
(A1) A water permeable block 46 (corresponding to the water permeable layer 3) formed by mixing aggregate and adhesive and having a predetermined water permeability, and a water permeable pipe 38 (equivalent to the water permeable layer 3) embedded in the water permeable block 46 and ejecting water from the hole. A perforated pipe 4), a soil concrete 36 a and a water shielding wall 36 b (corresponding to the water shielding layer 5) provided below the water permeable block 46 and having a lower water permeability than the water permeable block 46. It was set as the structure which melts snow with the water which permeated the surface (namely, road surface F) of 46 (refer FIG. 5). According to this configuration, snow melting can be performed together with the pavement of the roadbed G without requiring a heat source. That is, the water ejected from the hole of the water permeable tube 38 permeates the water permeable block 46, and the road surface F which is the top end of the water permeable block 46 is immersed in water. If it becomes like this, it will be in the state equivalent to having watered the road surface F, and snow will touch and melt directly. Further, by adjusting the water control valve 52 and the drain valve 42, water can be continuously (or intermittently) ejected from the permeable pipe 38, so that it is possible to reliably melt the snow that continues to fall, and to the road surface F. Can prevent snow accumulation. Furthermore, the dust and the dust that have entered the permeable block 46 can be washed away by the water ejected from the permeable pipe 38. Since the water permeability of the dirt concrete 36a and the water-impervious wall 36b is made lower than that of the water-permeable block 46, the water squirting from the water-permeable pipe 38 can be suppressed from penetrating into the road bed G. If the interstitial concrete 36a and the impermeable wall 36b are formed with the same permeability as the roadbed G, there will be almost no water overflowing between the interstitial concrete 36a and the impermeable wall 36b and the roadbed G. The water that has permeated the concrete 36a and the impermeable wall 36b permeates the road bed G as it is.

  In addition, the following effects can be obtained as compared with the conventional method of melting snow by spraying water from a nozzle. First, since water does not scatter and stays in the permeable block 46, there is little drop in water temperature, and more snow can be melted. Secondly, although the surface (road surface F) of the water permeable block 46 is wetted, it does not spread like watering, so traveling is less hindered by walking. Thirdly, the water that has penetrated into the water-permeable block 46 is less likely to evaporate than the water sprayed on the road under fine weather, so it is possible to prevent the burning of the road surface F (and hence the heat island phenomenon) and provide a cool environment. it can. Fourthly, in heavy rain (for example, during the rainy season), it is possible to promote drainage by opening the drain valve 42 to keep the road surface F dry.

  In addition, since it is necessary to immerse the road surface F in water in order to implement | achieve snow melting, it is necessary to construct the said road surface F substantially flatly. Therefore, depending on the relationship with the amount of water that can be ejected from the water permeable pipe 38, application to an inclined road surface F such as a slope may be difficult. Any of roads (including roadways and sidewalks), stairs, parking lots, pedestrian bridges, bridges, revetments, etc. can be applied to the road surface F.

(A2) Connected to the water permeable pipe 38 and configured to have a water intake pump 40 (corresponding to the pump 6) that pumps up and flows the water flowing through the side groove 30 (corresponding to the drainage channel 1). Since the water supplied to the permeable pipe 38 requires pressure to be ejected, it was used as a power source for the water intake pump 40. According to this configuration, the drainage flowing through the side groove 30 is pumped up by the water pump 40, and is ejected from the hole of the water permeable pipe 38 to immerse the road surface F. Therefore, effective use of waste water can be achieved.
On the other hand, in the plains, the potential energy due to the height difference cannot be utilized, so water must be drawn from a distant place such as a river or a lake. However, it is not economical to install a pipeline for drawing water because it requires enormous costs. On the other hand, since the water intake pump 40 can be procured at a low cost, the overall construction cost can be kept low as a result.
In addition, as for the electric power source for operating the intake pump 40, it is desirable to obtain from the electric power generating apparatus (for example, a wind power generator, a solar cell, etc.) using natural energy. When water is always passed through the water permeable pipe 38 to prevent freezing or the like, a part of electric power necessary for the operation of the water intake pump 40 can be provided by connecting a propeller built in the pipe to the generator.

(A3) A structure having a connecting member 54 (corresponding to a connecting portion) for connecting a plurality of water permeable blocks 46 laid on the soil concrete 36a {see FIGS. 6 to 8}. If a plurality of water permeable blocks 46 laid on the soil concrete 36a are connected to each other by the connecting member 54, no deviation occurs. Therefore, it is not necessary to inject sand (so-called grain texture) between the water permeable blocks 46 to prevent the deviation. Therefore, labor and time required for the construction of the plurality of water permeable blocks 46 can be reduced. In addition, if the connection member 54 is formed in a detachable structure (for example, a bolt shape with respect to the nut shape of the notch 56), the water permeable block 46 can be easily moved or replaced. If there is no inconvenience such as displacement, the water permeable block 46 may be attached to the soil concrete 36a, and the labor and time required for construction can be further reduced.

( A4 ) Based on the relationship between the aggregate particle size of 3 to 15 mm and the water permeability, the water permeable block 46 was configured with a target water permeability of 2.208 to 4.082 (see FIG. 2 and Table 1). According to this configuration, the aggregate (material or waste material) has a different particle size depending on the material, and the water permeability of the water permeable block 46 can be varied depending on the difference in the particle size. Therefore, the relationship between the particle size of the aggregate and the water permeability can be obtained in advance through experiments or field tests, and the water-permeable block 46 having the desired water permeability can be easily manufactured.

(A5) The water permeable block 46 includes an upper layer portion 60 formed using a hard material aggregate and a lower layer portion 62 formed using an aggregate material softer than the upper layer portion 60 {FIG. 9}. According to this configuration, the upper layer portion 60 using the hard aggregate is not easily deformed even when a car or a person passes. The lower layer portion 62 using a soft aggregate serves as a cushion and can absorb the unevenness on the surface of the road bed G to make the road surface F substantially flat. In particular, when the snowmelt water-permeable device 44 is constructed (or installed) on the sidewalk, the shock applied to the foot when walking is reduced due to the cushioning property described above, so that walking becomes easier.

  Example 2 is an example of circulating water for melting snow, and will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 10 shows a construction example instead of FIG. The snow-melting and water-permeable device 44 is the same as that of the first embodiment, and in order to simplify the illustration and description, the second embodiment will be described with respect to differences from the first embodiment. Therefore, the same elements as those used in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

The construction example shown in FIG. 10 is different from the construction example in FIG. 5 in that a water storage groove 64 is used instead of the side groove 30. The water storage groove 64 is provided with a recess 66 that allows water that has overflowed from the road surface F to escape to the water storage groove 64. When the water intake pump 40 is operated, the water pumped from the water storage groove 64 flows into the water permeable pipe 38 along the arrow of FIG. 10A, and is ejected from the hole of the water permeable pipe 38 as shown by the arrow of FIG. . The jetted water penetrates into the water permeable block 46 and immerses the top end (that is, the road surface F) of the water permeable block 46. The water overflowing from the road surface F is returned to the water storage groove 64 through the recess 66, and the stored water is pumped up by the water pump 40 and ejected from the water permeable pipe 38. Therefore, water necessary for melting snow can be circulated and used.
In this example, the water overflowing from the road surface F is returned to the water storage groove 64 through the recess 66, but may be returned to the water storage groove 64 through a small hole formed in the water storage groove 64.

According to the second embodiment described above, the following effects can be obtained.
(B1) A water storage groove 64 (corresponding to the water storage unit 2) for storing water flowing through the water permeable block 46 and the soil concrete 36a, and a water intake pumped up to the water stored in the water storage unit 2 connected to the water permeable pipe 38 The pump 40 is configured to melt snow by circulating water {see FIG. 9}. According to this structure, snow can be melted by circulating water like a fountain in a park. Although energy for moving the water intake pump 40 is required, it is not necessary to procure water from the outside if it is circulated using snowmelt water.
(B2) Other requirements, configurations, operations, operation results, and the like are the same as those of the first embodiment, and thus the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained {see the above-described items (a1) to (a5)}. .

  The third embodiment is an example of obtaining the pressure of water flowing through the permeable pipe 38 by using potential energy or river water pressure, and will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 11A shows an example using potential energy, and FIG. 11B shows an example using river water pressure. The snow-melting and water-permeable device 44 is the same as that of the first embodiment, and in order to simplify the illustration and description, the third embodiment will be described with respect to differences from the first embodiment. Therefore, the same elements as those used in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 11 (A), the water conduit 50 connected to the permeable pipe 38 to send water is to conduct water from the dam 68 (or lake, pond, river, etc.) above the elevation difference H (head). Lay in. Although depending on the diameters of the water guide pipe 50 and the water permeable pipe 38, if the altitude difference H is about 10 meters, the water pressure required for ejection can be obtained. Therefore, a tank for storing water in a building such as a building can be provided, and the water conduit 50 can be connected to the tank to ensure water pressure. It is also possible to use a gutter provided in the building as a part of the water conduit 50.

  As shown in FIG. 11B, the water intake 50 a of the water conduit 50 is installed in the river 70. Generally, the flow of the river 70 increases as it approaches the river surface from the bottom of the river, and therefore, a higher water pressure is more easily obtained at a position near the river surface. Therefore, it is desirable to install so that the water intake 50a comes to a position near the river surface of the river 70. Further, if the water guide pipe 50 is configured so that the diameter of the water intake 50a approaches the end of the water intake 50a as shown by a two-dot chain line (that is, in a trumpet shape), the diameter of the water pipe 50 decreases as it flows through the pipe. Therefore, the desired water pressure can be obtained even in the river 70 with a gentle slope. Therefore, it is desirable to conduct water from the upstream river 70, but it is possible to ensure water pressure even in the downstream river 70.

According to the third embodiment described above, the following effects can be obtained.
(C1) The pressure of the water flowing through the permeable pipe 38 is configured to use potential energy or the water pressure of the river 70 {see FIG. 11}. According to this configuration, since the water pressure of the permeable pipe 38 is ensured by using potential energy such as an altitude difference or a head or by using the pressure of water flowing through the river 70, a power source such as the intake pump 40 is not necessary. Become. Therefore, the construction cost can be kept low as much as the power source becomes unnecessary, and no power is required, so there is no running cost.
(C2) Since other requirements, configurations, operations, operation results, and the like are the same as in the first embodiment, the same effects as in the first embodiment can be obtained {see the items (a1) to (a5) described above} .

Other examples

  In the above, the best mode for carrying out the present invention has been described according to the embodiment. However, the present invention is not limited to the embodiment, and various forms are possible without departing from the gist of the present invention. Of course, it can be implemented. For example, the following embodiments can be implemented.

(D1) In Examples 1, 2, and 3 described above, the water permeability of the water permeable block 46 laid on the soil concrete 36a was made substantially constant {see FIG. 5 and FIG. 10}. It may replace with this form and you may comprise so that water permeability may become low as the water-permeable block 46 near the side groove | channel 30 (or water storage groove 64). For example, as shown in FIG. 12, the water permeable block 46 includes a water permeable block 46c, a water permeable block 46d, and a water permeable block 46e. In this case, construction is performed so that the water permeability increases in the order of the water permeable block 46c, the water permeable block 46d, and the water permeable block 46e. By so doing, the water ejected from the water permeable tube 38 becomes gentler as it flows into the side groove 30, so that the water gradient can be increased compared to the water permeable block 46 having a substantially uniform water permeability. Therefore, it can be applied to an inclined road such as a slope.

(D2) In the first, second, and third embodiments described above, the present invention is applied to a road or the like in which the top end (that is, the road surface F) of the water permeable block 46 is substantially flat {see FIG. 5, FIG. It replaces with this form and you may apply to a staircase by providing the water-permeable block 46 in a staircase shape. For example, as shown in FIG. 13, the water permeable block 46 includes a water permeable block 46f, a water permeable block 46g, and a water permeable block 46h having steps. In this example, it is formed in three stages for the sake of simplicity, but the same applies to the case where four or more necessary stages are formed. Moreover, although it was set as the structure pumped up by sending water to the permeable pipe 38 with the intake pump 40, when there exists a water source in the uppermost stage side, it is good also as a structure which permeate | transmits the permeable block 46 with water by introducing water from the said water source. Good. In this case, a power source such as the water intake pump 40 becomes unnecessary, so that the construction cost and running cost can be kept low.

(D3) In the above-described Examples 1, 2, and 3, the water-permeable layer 3 (water-permeable block 46) and the water-impervious layer 5 (the soil concrete 36a and the water-impervious wall 36b) are separately formed {FIGS. 4 and 5 See}. Instead of this form, the water permeable layer 3 and the water shielding layer 5 may be integrally formed. If the example shown in FIG. 9 is used, let the upper layer part 60 be the water-permeable layer 3, and let the lower layer part 62 be the water-impervious layer 5. When the snowmelt water-permeable device 44 is constructed using the integrated water-permeable layer 3 and the water-impervious layer 5, the work process is reduced, so that the construction period can be shortened.

(D4) In the first, second, and third embodiments described above, one kind of aggregate is used for manufacturing the water-permeable block 46 and the like for simplicity, but a mixture of a plurality of kinds of aggregate is used as the aggregate. It may be used. For example, when a concrete piece and a rubber piece are mixed, it is possible to manufacture a water permeable block 46 or the like that has both the hardness of the concrete piece and the elasticity of the rubber piece. In this way, if the water permeable block 46 and the like are manufactured by changing the type of aggregate to be mixed according to the place where the roadbed G is to be paved, the road surface F capable of melting snow can be easily paved. .

(D5) In the first, second, and third embodiments described above, the water pumped up from the side groove 30 (or the water storage groove 64) is directly supplied to the water permeable pipe 38 {see FIGS. 5 and 10}. Instead of this configuration, a heat source (heater) may be provided in the water intake pump 40, the snow melting water transmission device 44 (water transmission block 46, soil concrete 36a), or the like. If it carries out like this, since the temperature of the water which immerses the road surface F can be raised, snow melting can be performed more effectively.

It is a longitudinal section showing the composition of the present invention typically. It is a flowchart explaining a manufacturing process. It is a block diagram explaining a manufacturing apparatus. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the example constructed on a roadbed. It is a figure which shows one construction example of a snow melting water-permeable device. It is a figure which shows the example which connects a water permeable block using a connection member. It is a perspective view which shows each example of a connection member and an end piece member. It is a top view which shows the water permeable block of the state paved and paved on the roadbed. It is a figure which shows the example which makes a water-permeable block a two-layer structure. It is a figure which shows one construction example of a snow melting water-permeable device. It is a figure which shows the example which obtains the pressure of the water which flows into a permeation | transmission pipe | tube using a potential energy or the water pressure of a river. It is a figure which shows one construction example of a snow melting water-permeable device. It is a figure which shows one construction example of a snow melting water-permeable device.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Drainage channel 2 Reservoir part 3 Water permeable layer 4 Perforated pipe 5 Water shielding layer 6 Pump F Road surface G Subgrade (or roadbed)
10 Manufacturing control device 12 CPU
14 ROM
16 RAM
20 Hopper 22 Crusher 24 Injection machine 26 Mixer 28 Molding machine 30 Side groove (drainage)
32 Ground 34 Roadbed (or roadbed)
36a Dirt concrete (water shielding layer)
36b Impermeable wall (impermeable layer)
38 Permeable pipe (perforated pipe)
40 Water intake pump (pump; power source)
42 Drain valve 44 Snow melting water-permeable device 46 (46a, 46b, ...) Water-permeable block (water-permeable layer)
48 Drain pipe 50 Conduit pipe 52 Water control valve 54 Connecting member (connecting part)
56 (56a, 56b, ...) Notch 58 End piece member (connecting portion)
60 Upper layer (permeable layer)
62 Lower layer (permeable layer)
64 Reservoir (Reservoir)
66 Concavity 68 Dam 70 River

Claims (7)

Aggregate and adhesive are mixed, and a water permeable layer formed at a target water permeability of 2.208 to 4.082 based on the relationship between the particle size of 3 to 15 mm of the aggregate and the water permeability,
A perforated pipe embedded in the water permeable layer and ejecting water from the hole by water pressure;
A water shielding layer having a water permeability lower than that of the water permeable layer, provided below the water permeable layer,
A snow-melting water-permeable device that melts snow in a state where water is permeated into the surface side of the water-permeable layer. The snow melting water-permeable device according to claim 1,
A snow melting water-permeable device configured such that water is continuously ejected from a perforated tube, and water in a state of being stretched on the surface side of the water-permeable layer flows into a side groove . The snow melting water-permeable device according to claim 1 or 2 ,
A snowmelt water-permeable device having a valve for adjusting an amount of dipping the road surface . The snow melting water-permeable device according to any one of claims 1 to 3 ,
A snowmelt water-permeable device that uses potential energy or river water pressure as the pressure of water flowing through the perforated pipe. The snow melting water-permeable device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 ,
A snowmelt water-permeable device having a pump connected to a perforated pipe and pumping up and flowing water flowing through a drainage channel . The snow melting water-permeable device according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
A water storage part that is adjacent to the roadbed or roadbed and that is open at the top, and stores water that has flown through the water-permeable layer or the water-impervious layer;
A pump connected to the perforated pipe and pumping up and storing the water stored in the water storage section;
A snowmelt permeable device that melts snow by circulating water . The snow melting water-permeable device according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
The water permeable layer is a snow melting water permeable device having an upper layer portion formed using a hard material aggregate and a lower layer portion formed using an aggregate material softer than the upper layer portion.

Images