JP3844774B2 - Liquid crystal display - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device of a simple matrix system or an active matrix system, and more particularly to a liquid crystal display device having a lead-out wiring for connecting an electrode of the liquid crystal display element to a driving element.

  A liquid crystal display device, for example, overlaps two insulating substrates (referred to as electrode substrates) with a predetermined gap so that the surfaces on which transparent pixel electrodes for display and alignment films are laminated face each other. The two substrates are bonded together by a sealing material provided in a frame shape around the edge between the substrates, and the liquid crystal is sealed inside the sealing material between the substrates from the liquid crystal sealing port provided in a part of the sealing material. A liquid crystal display element (that is, a liquid crystal display unit; a liquid crystal display panel; LCD: liquid crystal display) that is sealed and further provided with a polarizing plate on the outer sides of both substrates; A backlight for supplying light to the element, a circuit board for driving the liquid crystal display element disposed outside the outer periphery of the liquid crystal display element, a frame-like body that is a molded product that holds these members, and these Each Material was stored, is configured to include a liquid crystal display window is opened metal frame or the like.

  The liquid crystal display element and the driving circuit board are electrically connected by, for example, a tape carrier package (hereinafter referred to as TCP) on which a semiconductor integrated circuit chip for driving a liquid crystal display element is mounted. More specifically, many output terminals of the circuit board and many input terminals (input-side outer leads) of the TCP are connected by soldering, and many output terminals (output-side outer leads) of the TCP are connected to the display electrodes. A large number of input terminals of the liquid crystal display element to be connected (arranged at one end of the transparent glass substrate constituting the liquid crystal display element, that is, the electrode substrate surface) are connected by an anisotropic conductive film. . In addition, many input terminals of the semiconductor integrated circuit chip mounted on the TCP are connected to many output side inner leads of the TCP, while many output terminals of the semiconductor integrated circuit chip are connected to many input side inner leads of the TCP. Connected with lead.

In addition, as a document describing such a liquid crystal display device, for example, the following Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, and the like can be cited.
JP 61-214548 A Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 2-13765

  FIG. 16 shows a part of wiring formed on an electrode substrate constituting a conventional liquid crystal display element, that is, a main part showing a connection terminal between a display electrode and a TCP electrode, and a lead-out wiring connecting the two. It is a schematic plan view.

12 (not shown here. FIG. 11, reference numeral 62 references Figure 14) the liquid crystal display element electrode substrate composed of an insulating substrate made of one transparent glass constituting a 2 ₁ to 2 ₈ of the electrode substrate 12 formed on the surface, a transparent conductive film, in parallel lines, the display electrodes constituting the pixel, 3 ₁ to 3 ₈ are not shown in the TCP (where a driving element. FIG. 10, the sign of FIG. 11 10) (terminals for connection, that is, input terminals) connected to the electrodes (the output-side outer leads), and ₁₁ to ₁₈ are terminal lead wires for connecting the display electrodes 2 and the terminals 3 diagonally. Straight wiring, 71 is a TCP alignment mark when TCP is mounted on the electrode substrate 12, 72 is a center line of a terminal group corresponding to one TCP mounted on the electrode substrate 12, and 52 is a sealing material This is the part where

  In the electrode substrate 12 constituting the liquid crystal display element, the arrangement pitch of the TCP electrodes is usually narrower than the arrangement pitch of the display electrodes 2 wired in parallel, that is, the terminals 3 connected to the TCP electrodes. The pitch is narrower. Therefore, the lead-out wiring connecting the display electrode 2 and the terminal 3 is the diagonal straight line 1. As shown in FIG. 16, in the conventional lead wiring, the angle of the diagonal straight wiring 1 (with respect to the display electrode 2 or the terminal 3) and the width of the diagonal straight wiring 1 are adjusted, so that the wiring resistance of the lead wiring is reduced. They were all equal. Such a lead-out wiring is called a radial wiring.

  Such conventional techniques have the following problems.

  That is, (1) there is a problem that the area use efficiency (wiring efficiency) of the lead wiring in the electrode substrate 12 is low, the length of the lead wiring is long, and the wiring resistance is increased. When trying to shorten the lead-out wiring, the width of the lead-out wiring has to be narrowed in order to obtain a clearance (interval) between the lead-out wirings, which causes a problem that the wiring resistance increases. At present, the wiring resistance of the lead-out wiring is, for example, 500 to 1 kΩ. The output resistance of the driving semiconductor IC chip is larger than 500 to 700Ω.

  (2) Since there is a space between the terminals 3 connected to a plurality of TCP terminals (electrodes) arranged in a line on the end of the electrode substrate 12, for example, ITO (indium) -Tin-oxide; Nesa) Depending on the film thickness of the terminal 3 made of a film, a difference in height can be made between a portion where the terminal 3 is present and a portion where the terminal 3 is absent. The film thickness of ITO is as thick as 0.2 to 0.3 μm. As a result, when the liquid crystal display element is mass-produced, this shape is transferred to a rubbing roller that performs an alignment process (rubbing) on an alignment film formed on the display electrode 2. When the alignment process is performed using the rubbing roller, an alignment process is performed. There is a problem in that rubbing streak unevenness occurs in the film, and as a result, the display quality deteriorates.

  Further, (3) since the diagonal straight wiring 1 of the lead wiring is radiated, the interval between the diagonal straight wirings 1 becomes narrower from the display electrode 2 toward the terminal 3 as shown in FIG. Occurs. As a result, the inside of the sealing material 52 of the completed liquid crystal display element (the side on which the liquid crystal is interposed) is essentially uniform in what is called a frame portion which is a non-lighting portion outside the display portion (lighting portion). There is a problem that non-uniform shading is produced where it should be black.

  Further, (4) since the plurality of display electrodes 2 in the display section are wired in parallel at equal intervals, the wiring density is uniform, while the radial diagonal as described in (3). Since the wiring density of the straight wiring 1 is not uniform, particularly in a liquid crystal display device that requires a high-precision gap (± 0.1 μm) between both electrode substrates, such as STN (Super Twisted Nematic) -LCD. The effective density at which the spacer for producing the gap functions greatly affects. Therefore, in the conventional radial slanting straight line 1, since the wiring density is generally lower than that of the display portion, color unevenness caused by the gap variation in the frame portion occurs. That is, as described above, the transparent electrode is usually made of a thick ITO film having a thickness of 0.2 to 0.3 μm. Since the display electrode 2 made of the ITO film on the upper and lower electrode substrates and the oblique straight wiring 1 support the spacer, the spacer in the portion where there is no electrode becomes free and the gap control is not effective.

  References describing such techniques include, for example, JP-A-3-289626, JP-A-4-70627, JP-A-4-170522, JP-A-4-369622, and JP-A-5-127181. Etc.

  SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION A first object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device having a lead wire having a short and low resistance, which has a high area use efficiency of the lead wire.

  A second object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device that does not cause uneven rubbing streaks in the display section.

  A third object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device having a uniform black non-lighting region without uneven unevenness in the frame portion.

  A fourth object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device that can control the gap between both substrates satisfactorily and does not cause color unevenness.

  In order to achieve the first object, the present invention includes a plurality of electrodes wired in parallel on a substrate, and each of the electrodes drawn out to an end of the substrate and connected to a driving element. In a liquid crystal display device comprising a liquid crystal display element having a terminal, a pitch of the electrode is different from a pitch of the terminal, and a lead-out wiring connecting the electrode and the terminal, The lead-out wiring is composed of a portion extending as it is from the electrode, a portion as it is extended from the terminal, and the two extended portions, respectively, and is composed of oblique linear wires that are substantially parallel to each other, and It is characterized in that the length of the two extended portions and the width of the diagonal straight line are adjusted so that the wiring resistances of the lead-out lines are almost equal to each other.

  Further, the present invention includes a plurality of electrodes wired in parallel on the insulating substrate, and terminals of the respective electrodes that are drawn to the end of the insulating substrate and connected to the driving elements, In a liquid crystal display device including a liquid crystal display element having a pitch of the terminals smaller than a pitch of the electrodes and having diagonal straight lines connecting the electrodes and the terminals, the electrodes are left as they are. The extended portion and the portion extended from the terminal as they are are connected to each other by the oblique straight wiring having substantially the same angle with respect to the electrode or the terminal, and the wiring resistance including the two extended portions and the oblique straight wiring Are formed by calculating the length of the two extended portions and the width of the diagonal straight line so that they are substantially equal to each other.

  In addition, the length of the interval between the portions extending as they are from the adjacent electrodes is substantially equal.

  Further, the length of the interval between the adjacent diagonal straight lines is substantially equal.

  In order to achieve the second to fourth objects, the present invention provides a plurality of the drive elements mounted on the substrate side by side connected to the terminals, and connected to each drive element. A terminal group consisting of the plurality of terminals is disposed on the substrate with a second interval wider than the first interval between the terminals, and a first dummy electrode is provided at the second interval. It is formed.

  The first dummy electrode may include at least one dummy parallel electrode formed at substantially the same pitch and width as the terminal and substantially parallel to the terminal.

  Further, the first dummy electrode includes a dummy oblique linear electrode substantially parallel to the oblique linear wiring formed between the outermost oblique linear wirings of the adjacent terminal group.

  In addition, the first dummy electrode has a plurality of dummy parallel electrodes formed at substantially the same pitch and substantially the same width as the terminals and substantially parallel to the terminals, and the outermost of the adjacent terminal groups. It is characterized by comprising at least two dummy oblique linear electrodes substantially parallel to the oblique linear wirings on both sides formed between the oblique linear wirings.

  In order to achieve the third and fourth objects, the present invention is characterized in that a second dummy electrode is formed between the adjacent terminal or a portion extending as it is from the terminal. .

  In addition, the lengths of the intervals between the second dummy electrode and the terminals on both sides of the second dummy electrode or portions extending directly from the terminals are substantially equal.

  In addition, the distance between the second dummy electrode and the terminal on either side thereof or the portion extending as it is from the terminal is substantially equal, and the distance between the adjacent dummy straight wirings It is characterized by being approximately equal to the length of the interval.

  Further, the first and second dummy electrodes include at least one material layer that is the same as the terminal.

  Furthermore, at least a part of the terminal, the lead-out wiring, and the dummy electrode formed at the end of one of the two substrates is formed on the opposing surface of the other substrate. And

  By forming the lead-out wiring as described above, the area use efficiency (wiring efficiency) of the lead-out wiring can be improved, so that the length of the lead-out wiring can be shortened, so that it has conventionally been 500 to 1 kΩ. Wiring resistance can be reduced by about 30 to 40%. Further, since the reduced amount can be provided as a margin of on-resistance of the driving semiconductor IC chip, the size of the semiconductor IC chip can be reduced. Furthermore, since the length of the lead-out wiring can be made shorter than before, the dimensions of the liquid crystal display element can be reduced. As a result, the manufacturing cost can be reduced. In addition, since the wiring resistance can be reduced, the rounding of the waveform for driving the liquid crystal and the distortion of the crosstalk can be reduced, so that shadowing (brightness unevenness) can be reduced and display quality can be improved.

  In addition, since the first dummy electrode is provided in a portion having a wide space between a terminal group connected to a plurality of TCPs arranged in a line on the edge of the electrode substrate, the display The rugged shape of the part with and without the terminal is transferred to the rubbing roller that performs the alignment treatment (rubbing) on the alignment film formed on the electrode, resulting in uneven rubbing streaks on the alignment film, and the display quality deteriorates. Can be prevented. In addition, since the concave portion between the TCPs can be eliminated by the first dummy electrode, the gap between the upper and lower substrates can be made uniform.

  In addition, since the second dummy electrode is provided between the plurality of terminals, it is possible to prevent light leakage from the gap between the terminals of the frame portion. Further, the in-plane density of the terminal and the portion where the terminal is extended as it is becomes uniform, and the gap between the upper and lower substrates can be made uniform. In addition, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of non-uniform shading in the frame portion, which should be essentially black, due to the non-uniformity of the conventional diagonal diagonal straight wiring, and make the frame portion uniform black. Display quality can be improved.

  Further, since the first and second dummy electrodes are provided, the gap in the frame portion can be made uniform, so that color unevenness due to the gap variation in the frame portion does not occur and display quality can be improved. it can.

  In addition, in the above-mentioned JP-A-3-289626, JP-A-4-70627, JP-A-4-170522, JP-A-4-369622, and JP-A-5-127181, the concept and configuration of the present invention described above are disclosed. No action or effect is described.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a liquid crystal display device having a lead wiring with high area use efficiency and a short and low resistance. In addition, there is no uneven rubbing streaks in the display part, no uneven shading in the frame part, a uniform black non-lighting area, and the gap between the two substrates can be controlled well. A liquid crystal display device in which color unevenness does not occur can be provided.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 11 is an exploded perspective view showing a liquid crystal display module 63 in which a liquid crystal display element 62, a drive circuit for driving the liquid crystal display element 62, and a light source are integrated in a compact and integrated manner.

  The TCP 10 on which the semiconductor IC chip 34 for driving the liquid crystal display element 62 is mounted has a window for fitting the liquid crystal display element 62 in the center, and a printed circuit board 35 having a frame shape on which a circuit for driving the liquid crystal is formed. Mounted on. The printed circuit board 35 in which the liquid crystal display element 62 is fitted is fitted in a window portion of a frame-like body 42 formed of a plastic mold, and a metal frame 41 is overlapped thereon, and the claws 43 are formed in the frame-like body 42. The frame 41 is fixed to the frame-like body 42 by being bent into the cut 44.

  A cold cathode fluorescent tube 36 disposed at the upper and lower ends of the liquid crystal display element 62, a light guide 37 made of an acrylic plate for uniformly irradiating the liquid crystal display cell 60 with light from the cold cathode fluorescent tube 36, and a metal plate A reflector 38 formed by applying a white paint and a milky white diffuser 39 for diffusing light from the light guide 37 are fitted into the window from the back side of the frame 42 in the order shown in FIG. An inverter power supply circuit (not shown) for lighting the cold cathode fluorescent tube 36 is located at a position facing a recess 45 (not shown) provided on the right back of the frame-like body 42. )). The diffusion plate 39, the light guide 37, the cold cathode fluorescent tube 36, and the reflection plate 38 are fixed by bending a tongue piece 46 provided on the reflection plate 38 into a small opening 47 provided on the frame-like body 42. The

  FIG. 12 is a block diagram of a laptop personal computer using the liquid crystal display module 63 as a display unit, and FIG. 13 is a diagram showing a state in which the liquid crystal display module 63 is mounted on the laptop personal computer 64. In this laptop personal computer 64, the liquid crystal display module 63 is driven by the liquid crystal driving semiconductor IC chip 34 via the control LSI 48 based on the result calculated by the microprocessor 49.

  FIG. 14 is a perspective view of a main part of the liquid crystal display element 62.

In FIG. 14, in order to align the liquid crystal molecules so as to form a twisted spiral structure between the upper and lower electrode substrates 11 and 12 sandwiching the liquid crystal layer 50, for example, a transparent upper and lower electrode made of glass. A method of rubbing the surfaces of the alignment films 21 and 22 made of an organic polymer resin made of, for example, polyimide on the substrates 11 and 12 in one direction with, for example, a cloth, for example, is adopted. The rubbing direction at this time, that is, the rubbing direction, the rubbing direction 66 in the upper electrode substrate 11, and the rubbing direction 67 in the lower electrode substrate 12 become the alignment direction of the liquid crystal molecules. The two upper and lower electrode substrates 11 and 12 thus subjected to the orientation treatment are opposed to each other with a gap d ₁ so that the rubbing directions 66 and 67 intersect each other at approximately 180 to 360 degrees. The electrode substrates 11 and 12 are bonded to each other by a notch for injecting liquid crystal, that is, a frame-shaped sealing material 52 having a liquid crystal sealing port 51, and has a positive dielectric anisotropy in the gap, and optical rotation When a nematic liquid crystal to which a predetermined amount of a substance is added is encapsulated, the liquid crystal molecules are arranged in a helical structure with a twist angle θ ₂ in the figure between the electrode substrates. Note 31 and 32 on the respective example a transparent consisting of indium oxide or ITO, a lower electrode (lower electrode 32 corresponds to ₂ 1 to 2 ₈ in FIG. 1). A member that provides a birefringence effect on the upper electrode substrate 11 of the liquid crystal cell 60 thus configured (hereinafter referred to as a birefringent member. Fujimura et al. "STN-LCD retardation film", magazine electronic material 1991 2 Monthly pages 37-41) 40 is disposed, and upper and lower polarizing plates 15 and 16 are provided with the member 40 and the liquid crystal cell 60 interposed therebetween.

The twist angle θ ₂ of the liquid crystal molecules in the liquid crystal 50 can take a value in the range of 180 ° to 360 °, preferably 200 ° to 300 °, but the lighting state near the threshold value of the transmittance-applied voltage curve From the practical point of view of avoiding the phenomenon of orientation that scatters light and maintaining excellent time-sharing characteristics, a range of 230 to 270 degrees is more preferable. This condition basically acts to make the response of the liquid crystal molecules to voltage more sensitive and to realize excellent time-sharing characteristics. The excellent refractive index anisotropy [Delta] n ₁ and the product [Delta] n ₁ · _{d 1} of the thickness _{d 1} of the liquid crystal layer 50 in order to obtain a display quality is preferably 1.0μm from 0.5 [mu] m, more preferably 0. It is desirable to set in the range of 6 μm to 0.9 μm.

The birefringent member 40 functions to modulate the polarization state of the light transmitted through the liquid crystal cell 60, and converts a color display that can only be colored by the liquid crystal cell 60 alone into a black and white display. Thus the birefringent member 40 refractive index anisotropy [Delta] n ₂ and is extremely important product [Delta] n ₂ · _{d 2} of a thickness _{d 2,} preferably 0.8μm from 0.4 .mu.m, more preferably 0.5μm To 0.7 μm.

  Further, since the liquid crystal display element 62 uses elliptically polarized light due to birefringence, the axes of the polarizing plates 15 and 16, the optical axis when using a uniaxial transparent birefringent plate as the birefringent member 40, and the liquid crystal The relationship with the liquid crystal alignment directions 6 and 7 of the electrode substrates 11 and 12 of the cell 60 is extremely important.

  FIG. 15 is a partially cutaway perspective view of an example of the upper electrode substrate portion of the liquid crystal display element having a color filter.

  As shown in FIG. 15, multicolor display is possible by providing red, green, and blue color filters 33R, 33G, and 33B on the upper electrode substrate 11 and a light shielding film 33D between the filters.

  In FIG. 15, a smooth layer 23 made of an insulating material is formed on each of the filters 33R, 33G, 33B and the light shielding film 33D to reduce the influence of these irregularities, and then the upper electrode 31 and the orientation are aligned. A film 21 is formed.

Example 1
FIG. 1 is a partial plan view of an electrode substrate constituting the liquid crystal display element of Example 1 of the present invention, and shows a group of terminals corresponding to one TCP mounted on the electrode substrate manufactured by the optimum algorithm according to the present invention. It is a schematic plan view showing a part of the lead wiring on the right side from the center line. In addition, although the number of electrodes of one TCP (tape carrier package) which is a drive element is usually about 80 to 160, it is not illustrated in the example in FIG. Even if the number is different, the structure of the lead wiring according to the present invention can be applied as it is. FIG. 7A shows a plan view of a range approximately four times that of FIG.

12 (not shown here. FIG. 11, reference numeral 62 references Figure 14) the liquid crystal display element electrode substrate composed of an insulating substrate made of one transparent glass constituting a 2 ₁ to 2 ₈ of the electrode substrate 12 formed on the surface, a transparent conductive film, in parallel lines, (shown in FIG. 8, FIG. 14, reference numeral 32) display electrodes constituting the pixel, 3 ₁ to 3 ₈ are not shown in the TCP (here 10 and 11 (refer to reference numeral 10 in FIG. 11), the terminals (connection electrodes, ie, input terminals) connected to the electrodes (the output-side outer leads), ₁₁ to ₁₈ are the display electrodes 2 and 3; An oblique straight line that is a part of the terminal lead wiring to be connected, 71 is a TCP alignment mark when TCP is mounted on the electrode substrate 12, and 72 corresponds to one TCP mounted on the electrode substrate 12. The center line of the terminal group to be used Is a portion that is provided.

  The pitch of the terminals 3 of each display electrode 2 drawn to the end of the electrode substrate 12 and connected to the TCP is larger than the pitch of the plurality of display electrodes 2 wired in parallel on the electrode substrate 12, respectively. Therefore, the lead-out wiring 1 that connects them is required. The lead-out wiring connects the portion extended from the display electrode 2 as it is, the portion extended from the terminal 3 as it is, and the two extended portions, respectively, and the angle θ with respect to the display electrode 2 and the terminal 3 is equal. The lengths of the two extended portions and the width of the diagonal straight line 1 are calculated and formed so that each of them is composed of parallel diagonal straight lines 1 and the wiring resistances of the lead lines are equal to each other.

  There are the following four basic conditions for wiring.

  (1) All the oblique straight wirings 1 are parallel lines having an angle θ (the left side of the center line 72 is −θ). The line is symmetrical with respect to the center line 72. The angle θ is, for example, 25 to 50 °.

(2) All the distances between the diagonal straight lines 1 are the wiring rule d _LCD . I don't have room.

(3) The terminal 3 has the same width over the entire length including the extension. The terminal 3 and the display electrode 2 are parallel (perpendicular to the terminal lead-out end portion of the electrode substrate 12 of the liquid crystal display element). The distance between the terminals 3 is TCP crimping rule d _TCP .

(4) The display electrode 2 has the same width over the entire length including the extension. The distance between the display electrodes 2 is TCP crimping rule d _LCD .

  Hereinafter, the configuration of the lead-out wiring 1 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3.

  The wiring algorithm is as follows.

(1) First, the lead wires of the first run right from the center line 72 connects the display electrodes 2 ₁ and the terminal 3 ₁ as linearly (see FIG. 2).

(2) Draw a line of any angle θ by starting from the end C ₁ of the display electrode 2 _1.

(3) Let B ₁ be the intersection of the extension line of the angle θ from C ₁ and the extension line of the terminal 3.

(4) and the extension line of the terminal _{3 2,} the distance between the line segment _B 1 -C ₁ Request _{A 2} to be _{d LCD.}

(5) by the _{A 2} starting from draw a line of angle theta (a line parallel with the line segment _B 1 -C _1), the intersection of the extended line of the display electrode _{2 2} and _{D 2.}

(6) optionally determining the width _{w 1} of the oblique straight line _{1 1.}

(7) the distance between the line segment _A 2 -D ₂ pulls the _{w 2} become (parallel to the line _A 2 -D ₂₎ line and the intersection between the line and the terminal ₃ and _second extension lines and _{B 2} , the intersection of the extension line of the display electrode _{2 2} and _{C 2.}

(8) line _A 1 -B ₁ the midpoint of _{E 1,} the line segment _D 1 -C middle point _{F 1} of _1, line _A 2 midpoints of -B _{2 E 2,} line _{D 2} - The midpoint of C ₂ is F ₂ , the distance on the y-axis between E ₁ and E ₂ is l ₁ , the length of the line segment E ₁ -F ₁ is m ₁ , and similarly the line segment E ₂ -F ₂ The length is m ₂ and the y-axis component of F ₂ is P ₂ .

(9) the following equation as is true, determine the width w ₂ of the oblique straight line 1 ₂ of lead wiring. In other words, decide w ₂ under conditions such as the wiring resistance of a single eyes 2 knots of drawing wire are equal. W _TCP is the width of the terminal 3 determined corresponding to the width of the TCP electrode, W _LCD is the width of the display electrode 2, and R _sq is the sheet resistance (Ω / □) of the electrode wiring material.

（１０）前記計算式によって求めたｗ_２で決まる、Ｂ_２とＣ_２とを最終的な座標とする。

(10) B ₂ and C ₂ determined by w ₂ obtained by the above formula are set as final coordinates.

  (11) As described above, the first and second lead wires are determined.

(12) Next, when determining the third lead-out wiring, it may be performed in the same manner as (2) to (10). However, the calculation formula for determining the width w ₃ of the oblique straight line 1 _3, using the following formula.

（１３）以下、これを繰り返し、順次ｎ本目の引き出し配線まで求める。斜め直線配線１_ｎの幅ｗ_ｎを求めるには、次の計算式を使う。

(13) Thereafter, this is repeated until the nth lead wiring is obtained in sequence. In _order to obtain the width w _n of the oblique straight wiring 1 _n , the following calculation formula is used.

（１４）最後のｎ本目の引き出し配線までの座標Ａ_ｎ、Ｂ_ｎ、Ｅ_ｎ、Ｄ_ｎが決まると、次の計算式から、ｎ本目の引き出し配線の配線抵抗Ｒを求める。

(14) When the coordinates A _n , B _n , E _n , and D _n up to the last n-th lead-out wiring are determined, the wiring resistance R of the n-th lead-out wiring is obtained from the following calculation formula.

（１５）ｎ本目の引き出し配線の座標Ｂ_ｎが全体の斜め直線配線パターンのｙ軸高さを決める。すなわち、１本目〜ｎ−１本目までの引き出し配線においては、Ｂ_ｎに合せて端子３_１〜３_ｎ−１を延長する。そうすると、１本目〜ｎ本目までの引き出し配線の配線抵抗はすべて等しくＲとなる。

(15) The coordinate B _{n of the n-th} lead wiring determines the y-axis height of the entire diagonal straight wiring pattern. That is, in the first to n−1 lead-out lines, the terminals 3 _{1 to} 3 _n−1 are extended in accordance with B _n . Then, the wiring resistances of the first to n-th lead wirings are all equal R.

(16) Finally, numerical calculation is performed using the angle θ as a variable to obtain an angle θ that minimizes the wiring resistance R. At this time, the coordinates A ₁ , B ₁ , E ₁ , D ₁ -A _n , B _n , E _n , and D _n of the first to _{n- th} lead wires are figured out.

Note that the coordinates A ₁ , B ₁ , E ₁ , D ₁ of the _first lead-out wiring are obtained by the following calculation formula.

また、１本目の引き出し配線の座標Ａ_１、Ｂ_１、Ｅ_１、Ｄ_１の詳細な計算式を次に示す。

Further, detailed calculation formulas for the coordinates A ₁ , B ₁ , E ₁ , D ₁ of the _first lead wiring are shown below.

また、２本目の引き出し配線の座標Ａ_２、Ｂ_２、Ｅ_２、Ｄ_２は、次の計算式により求められる。

Further, the coordinates A ₂ , B ₂ , E ₂ , D ₂ of the _second lead wiring are obtained by the following calculation formula.

また、２本目の引き出し配線の座標Ａ_２、Ｂ_２、Ｅ_２、Ｄ_２の詳細な計算式を次に示す。

In addition, detailed calculation formulas for coordinates A ₂ , B ₂ , E ₂ , and D ₂ of the _second lead wiring are shown below.

また、ｎ本目の引き出し配線の座標Ａ_ｎ、Ｂ_ｎ、Ｅ_ｎ、Ｄ_ｎは、次の計算式により求められる。

Further, the coordinates A _n , B _n , E _n , and D _n of the _{n- th} lead wiring are obtained by the following calculation formula.

また、ｎ本目の引き出し配線の座標Ａ_ｎ、Ｂ_ｎ、Ｅ_ｎ、Ｄ_ｎの詳細な計算式を次に示す。

The detailed calculation formulas for the coordinates A _n , B _n , E _n , and D _n of the _{n- th} lead wiring are as follows.

上記のようにして形成した引き出し配線では、引き出し配線の面積使用効率（配線効率）を向上することができるので、引き出し配線の長さを短くすることができるため、従来５００〜１ｋΩあった配線抵抗を３０〜４０％低減することができる。また、その低減分を駆動用半導体ＩＣチップのオン抵抗の余裕としてもたせることができるので、半導体ＩＣチップの寸法を縮小することができる。また、引き出し配線の長さを従来より短くすることができるので、液晶表示素子の寸法を小さくすることができる。この結果、製造コストを低減することができる。さらに、配線抵抗の低減により、液晶を駆動する波形のなまりやクロストークの歪みを低減することができるため、シャドウイング（輝度むら）を低減することができ、表示品質を向上することができる。

In the lead wiring formed as described above, since the area use efficiency (wiring efficiency) of the lead wiring can be improved, the length of the lead wiring can be shortened. Can be reduced by 30 to 40%. Further, since the reduced amount can be provided as a margin of on-resistance of the driving semiconductor IC chip, the size of the semiconductor IC chip can be reduced. In addition, since the length of the lead-out wiring can be made shorter than before, the dimensions of the liquid crystal display element can be reduced. As a result, the manufacturing cost can be reduced. In addition, since the wiring resistance can be reduced, the rounding of the waveform for driving the liquid crystal and the distortion of the crosstalk can be reduced, so that shadowing (brightness unevenness) can be reduced and display quality can be improved.

Example 2
FIG. 4 is a plan view of the main part of the lead-out wiring portion of the electrode substrate according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7B is a plan view of a range about four times that of FIG.

  In the present embodiment, in addition to the configuration of the first embodiment, a plurality of TCPs (see reference numeral 10 in FIGS. 10 and 11) arranged in a line on the end of the electrode substrate 12 are connected. A dummy electrode 4 is provided in a space between the terminal 3 groups corresponding to the terminal 3 group (see reference numeral 30 in FIG. 7B). The dummy electrode 4 is configured by a shape as shown in the figure that fills the space, that is, a parallel electrode 4a having the same pitch and the same width as the terminal 3, and an oblique straight electrode 4b. The oblique straight electrodes 4b are provided between the oblique straight wires 1 of the adjacent terminals 3 on the outermost side of the group of terminals 3 at the same angle and the same pitch as the oblique straight wires 1. In this embodiment, the dummy electrode 4 is made of an ITO film and is electrically floating.

  Conventionally, since there is a gap between a group of terminals 3 connected to a plurality of TCPs installed, the thickness of the terminal 3 made of a thick ITO film, for example, 0.2 to 0.3 μm, There is a difference in height between a certain part and a non-part, and this shape is transferred to a rubbing roller that performs alignment treatment (rubbing) on an alignment film formed on the display electrode 2 during mass production of liquid crystal display elements. When alignment processing is performed using a roller, there is a problem that uneven rubbing streaks occur in the alignment film and display quality is deteriorated. In this embodiment, a space between TCPs (between three terminals) is a dummy. By filling the electrode 4 with the space, the space can be made to have the same unevenness condition on both sides, that is, the rubbing condition, so that the alignment film is not uneven as in the conventional case, and the display quality can be improved. That. Further, by providing the dummy electrode 4 in the space between the TCPs, it is possible to eliminate the recess of about 0.2 μm between the TCPs, so that the gap between the upper and lower substrates can be made uniform. Therefore, there is no uneven shading in the frame portion, a uniform black non-lighting area can be realized, and the gap between the two substrates can be controlled well, so that uneven color can occur. Therefore, display quality can be improved.

Example 3
FIG. 5 is a plan view of the main part of the lead-out wiring portion of the electrode substrate according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7C shows a plan view of a range approximately four times that of FIG.

  In the present embodiment, in addition to the configurations of the first and second embodiments, as shown in FIG. 5, the electrodes of the upper and lower electrode substrates are arranged inside the sealing material 52 (the liquid crystal intervening side) of the completed liquid crystal display element. A dummy electrode 5 is provided in a space between the terminals 3 in a so-called frame portion that is a non-lighting portion outside the display portion (lighting portion) that is a portion where the two cross. Note that the pitches of the dummy electrodes 5 are equal, and the distances between the dummy electrodes 5 and the terminals 3 on both sides thereof (the distance between the two) are the same. Is equal to In this embodiment, the dummy electrode 5 is made of an ITO film and is electrically floating.

  In this embodiment, since the dummy electrode 5 is provided in the gap between the terminals 3 in the portion including the frame portion, it is possible to prevent light leakage from occurring in the gap between the terminals 3 in the frame portion. Further, the in-plane density of the terminal 3 and the portion where the terminal 3 is extended as it is becomes uniform, and the gap between the upper and lower substrates can be made uniform. Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 16, since the diagonal straight wiring 1 of the lead-out wiring is radial, the interval between the diagonal straight wirings 1 becomes narrower from the display electrode 2 toward the terminal 3. As a result, there was a problem that non-uniform shading was produced where the frame portion was supposed to be uniform black. However, in this embodiment, the dummy electrodes 4 and 5 were provided. The gap can be made uniform, this problem can be solved, the frame portion can be made uniform black, and the display quality can be improved. Further, in the conventional liquid crystal display element, the display electrode 2 and the oblique straight wiring 1 made of a thick ITO film of 0.2 to 0.3 μm on the upper and lower electrode substrates support the spacer, so that the spacer in the portion without the electrode is free. In addition, the gap control is not effective, and the conventional radial slanted straight wiring 1 has a problem in that unevenness in color due to the gap variation in the frame portion occurs because the wiring density is not uniform as described above. In particular, in an STN-LCD that requires a high-accuracy gap (± 0.1 μm) between both electrode substrates, the effective density at which a spacer for producing the gap is greatly affected. In the present embodiment, since the dummy electrodes 4 and 5 are provided, the gap in the frame portion can be made uniform, so this problem is solved, color unevenness due to gap variation in the frame portion does not occur, and display quality is improved. Can be improved.

  In the present embodiment, the dummy electrode 5 is electrically floating. However, as shown in FIG. 6, for example, the connection portion 5 'of the minimum pattern is used so that the wiring resistance of the extraction wiring is the same as that of the other extraction wiring. A single point connection may be used.

Example 4
FIG. 8 shows an example in which the electrode including the lead-out wiring and the dummy electrode according to the third embodiment of the present invention is applied to the upper electrode substrate and the lower electrode substrate, and the two substrates are stacked and assembled. It is a schematic plan view which shows the upper electrode and lower electrode which provided the electrode pattern which duplicated the said Example 3 so that a dummy electrode might oppose.

  Thus, of the two electrode substrates 11, 12, the terminal, the lead wiring, and the dummy electrode formed at the end of one electrode substrate 11, 12 are formed on the opposing surfaces of the other electrode substrate 12, 11. As a result, the gap between the electrode substrates 11 and 12 can be made uniform, so that the frame portion can be made uniform black, and color unevenness caused by the gap variation in the frame portion does not occur, and display is possible. Quality can be improved.

  9A to 9C are a plan view and a corresponding cross-sectional view of a main part of a liquid crystal display element to which the present invention can be applied.

  15 is an upper polarizing plate, 73 is a retardation plate, 11 is an upper electrode substrate, 31 is an upper electrode, 74 is an insulating film, 21 is an upper alignment film, 50 is a liquid crystal layer, 75 is a spacer, 22 is a lower alignment film, 32 Denotes a lower electrode, 76 denotes a planarizing film, 33 denotes a color filter, 33D denotes a black matrix, 12 denotes a lower electrode substrate, and 16 denotes a lower polarizing plate.

  FIG. 10 is a plan view showing a connection state between a printed circuit board, a TCP having a driving LSI chip mounted thereon, and a liquid crystal display element of a liquid crystal display device to which the present invention is applicable.

  The present invention has been specifically described based on the embodiments. However, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, an example in which the present invention is applied to a simple matrix type liquid crystal display device has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, the present invention can also be applied to an active matrix type liquid crystal display device using thin film transistors or the like as switching elements. Needless to say. When applied to an active matrix type liquid crystal display element, the display electrode shown in FIG. 1 is a scanning signal line (that is, a gate signal line or a horizontal signal line) or a video signal line (on a substrate on which a switching element is provided). That is, a drain signal line or a vertical signal line).

It is a partial top view of the electrode substrate which shows the lead-out wiring of Example 1 of the liquid crystal display device of this invention. It is detailed explanatory drawing for calculating the coordinate of the 1st and 2nd lead-out wiring of Example 1 of this invention. It is detailed explanatory drawing for calculating the coordinate of the (n-1) th and nth lead-out wiring of Example 1 of this invention. It is a partial top view of the electrode substrate which provided the dummy electrode in the clearance gap between the terminal groups of Example 2 of the liquid crystal display device of this invention. It is the fragmentary top view of the electrode substrate which further provided the dummy electrode in the clearance gap between the terminals of Example 3 of the liquid crystal display device of this invention. FIG. 6 is a partial plan view of FIG. 5 showing an embodiment in which a dummy electrode and an extraction wiring are electrically connected. (A)-(C) are the partial top views of the electrode substrate which shows the lead-out wiring part of the wide range about 4 times of the said Examples 1-3, respectively. After applying the electrode comprising the lead-out wiring and the dummy electrode of Example 3 of the present invention to the upper electrode substrate and the lower electrode substrate and assembling the two substrates together, a dummy electrode having the same shape is further formed. It is a schematic plan view which shows the upper electrode and lower electrode which provided the electrode pattern which duplicated the said Example 3 so that it might oppose. (A)-(C) are the principal part top views and the corresponding principal part sectional drawing of the liquid crystal display element which can apply this invention. It is a top view which shows the connection state of the liquid crystal display device which can apply this invention, the printed circuit board, TCP carrying a drive LSI chip | tip, and a liquid crystal display element. It is a disassembled perspective view of an example of the liquid crystal display module which can apply this invention. 12 is a block diagram of an example of a laptop personal computer equipped with the liquid crystal display module of FIG. 11 as a display unit. It is a perspective view of an example of the laptop personal computer of FIG. It is a principal part disassembled perspective view of an example of a liquid crystal display element. It is a partially cutaway perspective view of an example of the upper electrode substrate part of a liquid crystal display element. It is a fragmentary top view which shows the extraction wiring of the conventional liquid crystal display device.

Explanation of symbols

1 ₁ to 1 ₈ ... Diagonal straight wiring, 2 ₁ to 2 ₈ ... Display electrode, 3 _{1 to} 3 ₈ ... Terminal, 12... Electrode substrate, 52. The center line of the terminal group corresponding to each TCP.

Claims (7)

A plurality of display electrodes wired in parallel on the substrate sandwiching the liquid crystal layer, and a plurality of terminals arranged outside the seal material and connected to the drive elements, respectively, corresponding to the display A liquid crystal display device having a lead wire for connecting between the electrode for use and the terminal,
The pitch of the terminals is smaller than the pitch of the display electrodes,
The lead-out wiring electrically connects the display electrode and the terminal, and includes an oblique straight line that is not parallel to the display electrode, and a portion that is connected to the oblique straight line and is parallel to the terminal. Have
Of the display electrodes, two adjacent display electrodes are used as a first display electrode and a second display electrode, respectively, and are electrically connected to the first display electrode in the oblique linear wiring. A first diagonal straight line, and a second diagonal straight line that is electrically connected to the second display electrode, and a portion connected to the diagonal straight line and parallel to the terminal. Among them, when the first portion is connected to the first diagonal straight wiring, and the second portion is connected to the second diagonal straight wiring,
In the region where the length of the first portion is different from the length of the second portion and is closer to the liquid crystal layer than the sealing material, the first diagonal straight wiring and the second diagonal straight wiring And the number of combinations of the two adjacent display electrodes that satisfy the condition that are substantially parallel to each other is larger than the number of combinations that do not satisfy the condition,
In the combination satisfying the conditions, the lengths of the intervals between the adjacent diagonal straight lines are substantially equal to each other. A plurality of scanning signal lines wired in parallel to each other on the substrate sandwiching the liquid crystal layer, a switching element, and a plurality of terminals arranged outside the sealing material and connected to the driving element, respectively An active matrix type liquid crystal display device having a corresponding lead wire connecting between the scanning signal line and the terminal,
The pitch of the terminals is smaller than the pitch of the scanning signal lines,
The lead-out wiring electrically connects the scanning signal line and the terminal, and includes an oblique straight line that is not parallel to the scanning signal line, and a portion that is connected to the oblique straight line and parallel to the terminal. Have
Of the scanning signal lines, two adjacent scanning signal lines are defined as a first scanning signal line and a second scanning signal line, respectively, and are electrically connected to the first scanning signal line among the oblique straight lines. The first diagonal straight line and the second scanning signal line electrically connected to the second diagonal straight line are connected to the diagonal straight line and parallel to the terminals. Among them, when the first portion is connected to the first diagonal straight wiring, and the second portion is connected to the second diagonal straight wiring,
The first diagonal straight line and the second diagonal straight line in a region where the length of the first portion is different from the length of the second portion and is closer to the liquid crystal layer than the sealant. And the number of combinations of the two adjacent scanning signal lines that satisfy the condition that are substantially parallel to each other is larger than the number of combinations that do not satisfy the condition,
In the combination satisfying the conditions, the lengths of the intervals between the adjacent diagonal straight lines are substantially equal to each other. A plurality of video signal lines wired in parallel to each other on the substrate sandwiching the liquid crystal layer, a switching element, and a plurality of terminals arranged outside the sealing material and connected to the driving element, respectively An active matrix type liquid crystal display device having a lead-out line connecting between the corresponding video signal line and the terminal,
The pitch of the terminals is smaller than the pitch of the video signal lines,
The lead-out wiring electrically connects the video signal line and the terminal, and includes an oblique straight line that is not parallel to the video signal line, and a portion that is connected to the oblique straight line and is parallel to the terminal. Have
Among the video signal lines, two adjacent video signal lines are defined as a first video signal line and a second video signal line, respectively, and are electrically connected to the first video signal line among the diagonal straight lines. The first diagonal straight line and the second video signal line electrically connected as the second diagonal straight line, and connected to the diagonal straight line and parallel to the terminal. Among them, when the first portion is connected to the first diagonal straight wiring, and the second portion is connected to the second diagonal straight wiring,
The first diagonal straight line and the second diagonal straight line in a region where the length of the first portion is different from the length of the second portion and is closer to the liquid crystal layer than the sealant. And the number of combinations of the two adjacent video signal lines that satisfy the condition that are substantially parallel to each other is larger than the number of combinations that do not satisfy the condition,
In the combination satisfying the conditions, the lengths of the intervals between the adjacent diagonal straight lines are substantially equal to each other.   4. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the condition is satisfied in almost all combinations among the combinations. A plurality of the terminals gather to form a terminal group,
5. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein among the combinations, a combination in which a corresponding terminal is a terminal located near the center in one terminal group does not satisfy the condition. . A plurality of the terminals are assembled to form a plurality of terminal groups,
6. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein the condition is not satisfied in a combination in which corresponding terminals belong to different terminal groups among the combinations. 7.   7. The liquid crystal according to claim 6, wherein in a combination in which the corresponding terminals belong to different terminal groups, the corresponding terminals are terminals located on the outermost side in the respective terminal groups. Display device.

Images