JP3802161B2 - Biological treatment of malodorous gases - Google Patents
Biological treatment of malodorous gases Download PDFInfo
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- JP3802161B2 JP3802161B2 JP28386396A JP28386396A JP3802161B2 JP 3802161 B2 JP3802161 B2 JP 3802161B2 JP 28386396 A JP28386396 A JP 28386396A JP 28386396 A JP28386396 A JP 28386396A JP 3802161 B2 JP3802161 B2 JP 3802161B2
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- Prior art keywords
- gas
- packed bed
- malodorous
- malodorous gas
- sulfur
- Prior art date
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims description 53
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 11
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000011221 initial treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanethiol Chemical compound SC LSDPWZHWYPCBBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- WQOXQRCZOLPYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl disulfide Chemical compound CSSC WQOXQRCZOLPYPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 238000004332 deodorization Methods 0.000 description 12
- QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl sulfide Chemical compound CSC QMMFVYPAHWMCMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000001877 deodorizing effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 7
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000972773 Aulopiformes Species 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000605118 Thiobacillus Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000234314 Zingiber Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000006886 Zingiber officinale Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008397 ginger Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 239000010842 industrial wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005445 natural material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019515 salmon Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
Landscapes
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、含硫黄化合物を中心とする悪臭を脱臭するための悪臭ガスの生物的処理方法に関する。さらに詳しくは、下水・しにょう・その他の廃水処理設備、畜産工場、食品工場などから発生する硫黄系悪臭ガスを、微生物の働きを用いて脱臭するための悪臭ガスの生物的処理方法に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、下水などの廃水処理設備や産業廃水などから発生する硫黄系悪臭ガスの脱臭方法としては、水洗法、薬液洗浄法、吸着法などが一般的であるが、薬品や活性炭などの消耗性の資材を用いるため、ランニングコストが割高であった。これに対して、微生物の働きにより悪臭を除去する生物脱臭法は、ランニングコストが低く、しかも優れた脱臭性能を有し、経済的な方法といえる。しかし生物脱臭法は、硫黄系悪臭物質の中でも分解しやすい硫化水素に対する除去率は比較的高いが、メチルメルカプタン、硫化メチル、二硫化メチルに対する分解能が不十分であるという問題を有していた。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は、前記の問題を解決し、メチルメルカプタン、硫化メチルおよび二硫化メチルを十分に分解し、かつ、硫化水素の除去率をさらに高め、効率的な脱臭処理を行う悪臭ガスの生物的処理方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者は、前記の課題を解決するために、微生物を担持した充填層を少くとも 二段設けて含硫黄化合物を含む悪臭ガスを送入して通過させ、前段の充填層におい て主に硫化水素を分解して一次処理し、後段の充填層においては残余の比較的難分 解性含硫黄化合物を硫化水素とその残基とに生物的に分解して二次処理し、二次処 理されたガスの一部を排出するとともに一部を前段の充填層に還流し、かつ還流さ せる二次処理ガスの流量を原悪臭ガスの送入量に対し30〜100vol%にして 前記の原悪臭ガスに合流させ、循環処理することを特徴とする、悪臭ガスの生物的 処理方法を提供する。
【0005】
前記の悪臭ガスの生物的処理方法において、前段の充填層のpHを2〜3に、後 段の充填層のpHを6.5〜7.5に調整すると、効率のよい処理を期待できる。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明を図面を参照しつつ詳細に説明する。図1は本発明の悪臭ガスの生物的処理方法を実現する一実施形態例の概略フローシートである。二段に設けられた脱臭塔1および3は、それぞれ微生物を担持する充填層2および4を有している。充填層は、通常、多孔質セラミック、合成樹脂、天然材料、カーボンなどを用いて構成する。充填層中に蓄積する老廃物は散水管9により充填層2および4に散水して洗浄し、配水管10から排水する。散水管9を用いれば、各充填層のpHを微生物に適した範囲に調節することもできる。悪臭ガスは、悪臭ガス送入管5から前段の脱臭塔1に流入する。悪臭ガスが充填層2を通過する過程で、充填層2に担持された微生物の働きにより、悪臭物質のうち硫化水素やアンモニアなどが酸化分解除去される。
【0007】
前段で脱臭された一次処理ガスは、移送管6を通って後段の脱臭塔3に流入し、 充填層4を通過する過程で、残存するメチルメルカプタン、硫化メチル、二硫化メ チルなどの含硫黄化合物が除去される。処理ガス排出管7から排出された二次処理 ガスの一部は、処理ガス還流管8を通って未処理の悪臭ガスと合流し、悪臭ガス送 入管5から再度充填層2および4を通過して処理された後、処理ガス排出管7から 大気中に排出される。この循環により、二次処理ガスに含まれている未分解悪臭物 質を分解除去することができる。還流させる二次処理ガスの流量は、含まれる悪臭 物質の濃度や性状などにより一概には言えないが、一般的には未処理の悪臭ガスに 対し、30〜100vol%程度が適当である。また、充填層の数は二段に限られ ず、目的とする処理レベルに応じてより多く設けても構わない。
【0008】
本発明の悪臭ガスの生物的処理方法による脱臭機構の原理は次のように考えられている。悪臭物質のうち含硫黄化合物である硫化水素、メチルメルカプタン、硫化メチル、二硫化メチルは、おもにThiobacillusu属の硫黄細菌で分解される。硫黄細菌の最適成育pHは、2〜3(酸性)と6.5〜7.5(中性)との2種類に大別できる。硫化水素の分解菌は、酸性および中性のいずれでも活性を有し、一方メチルメルカプタン、硫化メチルおよび二硫化メチルの分解菌は中性で活性を有するといわれている。硫化水素の分解経路は下記の式(1)の通りであり、酸化されると硫酸を生じ、菌の回りのpHが低下する。そのため、硫化水素を処理する場合は酸性菌を利用するほうが有利である。
H2 S+2O2 → H2 SO4 (1)
【0009】
また、メチルメルカプタン、硫化メチルおよび二硫化メチルの分解経路は化1に示す式(2)のように推定されている。
【化1】
一般的に、下水やしにょうの処理場などから発生する悪臭ガスに含まれる硫黄系悪臭物質のうちでは、硫化水素が大きなウエートを占めている。そのため、前段の充填層2では分解しやすい硫化水素の除去が旺盛となってpHが低下し、後段の充填層4でメチルメルカプタン、硫化メチル及び二硫化メチルの分解が起こる。この際、上記分解経路に示されているように硫化水素が生成する。
【0010】
本発明においては、中間で生成した硫化水素を含む二次処理ガスを、再度硫化水素の分解が旺盛な前段の充填層2を通過するように還流させ、硫化水素の除去率を高めると共に、残存するメチルメルカプタン、硫化メチルおよび二硫化メチルを後段の充填層4で再度分解除去する。このため、本発明においては、硫化水素の分解率およびメチルメルカプタン、硫化メチル、二硫化メチルの分解率が向上し、生物脱臭装置全体での含硫黄化合物の分解能力および脱臭効果を大幅に高めることができる。
【0011】
【実施例】
以下実施例をあげて本発明の実施形態を具体的に説明する。
実施例1
図1に記載の2段脱臭装置を用い、後段の脱臭塔から排出される二次処理ガスを前段の脱臭塔に還流し、本発明の生物的処理方法を行った。まず、内径150mm、高さ1500mmのアクリル製の脱臭塔1,3に、硫黄細菌を中心とした微生物群の担体として多孔質セラミックを600mmの高さに充填し、しにょう処理場の反応層混合液を通して植菌した。その後、標準ガスを空気にて希釈した合成悪臭ガスを悪臭ガスとして通気し、微生物の馴養を行った。その後、運転条件を、通気量は0.1m3 /min、通気速度は原ガス基準としてSV(空間速度)280 1/Hr、還流ガスを含んだ見かけの通気速度は420 1/Hr、還流させるガスの流量は悪臭ガスに対し50vol%(還流ガス通気量;0.05m3 /min)として脱臭処理を行った。処理性能が安定した運転開始3か月後に含硫黄化合物の残留濃度の測定を行ったので、その結果を表1に示す。どの物質の残留濃度も、比較例に対して30〜60%程度低くすることができた。
【0012】
比較例1
処理ガスの還流を行わなかったこと以外は実施例1と同様にして脱臭処理を行った。運転開始3か月後に、含硫黄化合物の残留濃度の測定を行ったので、その結果を表1に示す。
【0013】
【表1】
【0014】
【発明の効果】
本発明を利用すれば、硫化水素、メチルメルカプタン、硫化メチルおよび二硫化メチルの含硫黄化合物を高濃度に含有する悪臭ガスから前記化合物を効率よく分解除去することができ、優れた脱臭効果を得ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る悪臭ガスの生物的処理方法の一実施形態例のフローシート(実施例1)
【符号の説明】
1,3:生物脱臭塔 2,4:充填層 5:悪臭ガス送入管
6:移送管 7:処理ガス排出管 8:処理ガス還流管
9:散水管 10:排水管 11:還流用ファン[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a biological treatment method of malodorous gas for deodorizing malodorous, mainly sulfur-containing compounds. More specifically, the present invention relates to a biological treatment method of malodorous gas for deodorizing sulfur-based malodorous gas generated from sewage / salmon / other wastewater treatment facilities, livestock factories, food factories, etc. by using the action of microorganisms.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, methods for deodorizing sulfur-based malodorous gases generated from wastewater treatment facilities such as sewage and industrial wastewater have been water washing methods, chemical solution washing methods, and adsorption methods. The running cost was expensive because of the use of materials. In contrast, the biological deodorization method that removes malodors by the action of microorganisms is an economical method with low running cost and excellent deodorization performance. However, the biological deodorization method has a problem of insufficient resolution for methyl mercaptan, methyl sulfide, and methyl disulfide, although the removal rate for hydrogen sulfide which is easily decomposed among sulfur-based malodorous substances is relatively high.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, sufficiently decomposes methyl mercaptan, methyl sulfide and methyl disulfide, further increases the removal rate of hydrogen sulfide, and biological treatment of malodorous gas for efficient deodorization treatment It aims to provide a method.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors, in order to solve the above problems, the filling layer supporting a microorganism is provided at least two stages is passed through by pumped malodorous gases containing sulfur compounds, mainly Te preceding packed bed smell by decomposing hydrogen sulfide and primary treatment, biologically decomposed by secondary treatment relatively poorly decomposition of sulfur-containing compounds remaining in the hydrogen sulfide and its residues in the latter stage packed bed of the secondary treatment A part of the treated gas is discharged and a part is recirculated to the packed bed in the previous stage, and the flow rate of the secondary treatment gas to be recirculated is set to 30 to 100 vol% with respect to the amount of the raw malodorous gas fed . Provided is a biological treatment method for malodorous gas, characterized in that it is combined with the original malodorous gas and subjected to circulation treatment .
[0005]
In biological treatment method of the malodorous gases, 2-3 the pH of the preceding stage of the filling layer, to adjust the pH of the packed bed of the rear stage 6.5 to 7.5, can be expected a good process efficiency.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic flow sheet of an embodiment for realizing the biological treatment method of malodorous gas according to the present invention. Deodorizing
[0007]
The primary treatment gas deodorized in the front stage flows into the deodorization tower 3 in the subsequent stage through the transfer pipe 6 and in the process of passing through the packed bed 4, sulfur-containing sulfur such as methyl mercaptan, methyl sulfide, and methyl disulfide remains. The compound is removed. Part of the secondary processing gas discharged from the processing
[0008]
The principle of the deodorizing mechanism by the biological treatment method of malodorous gas of the present invention is considered as follows. Of the odorous substances, hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, methyl sulfide, and methyl disulfide, which are sulfur-containing compounds, are decomposed mainly by sulfur bacteria belonging to the genus Thiobacillus. The optimum growth pH of sulfur bacteria can be broadly classified into two types: 2-3 (acidic) and 6.5-7.5 (neutral). Hydrogen sulfide-degrading bacteria are active both acidic and neutral, while methyl mercaptan, methyl sulfide and methyl disulfide-degrading bacteria are said to be neutral and active. The decomposition route of hydrogen sulfide is as shown in the following formula (1). When oxidized, sulfuric acid is generated, and the pH around the bacteria is lowered. Therefore, when treating hydrogen sulfide, it is more advantageous to use acid bacteria.
H 2 S + 2O 2 → H 2 SO 4 (1)
[0009]
Further, the decomposition pathway of methyl mercaptan, methyl sulfide, and methyl disulfide is estimated as shown in the formula (2) shown in
[Chemical 1]
In general, hydrogen sulfide occupies a large weight among the sulfur-based malodorous substances contained in the malodorous gas generated from sewage and sewage treatment plants. For this reason, removal of hydrogen sulfide which is easily decomposed in the packed
[0010]
In the present invention, the secondary treatment gas containing hydrogen sulfide generated in the middle is refluxed again so as to pass through the preceding packed
[0011]
【Example】
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to examples.
Example 1
Using the two-stage deodorization apparatus shown in FIG. 1, the secondary treatment gas discharged from the latter deodorization tower was refluxed to the former deodorization tower, and the biological treatment method of the present invention was performed. First,
[0012]
Comparative Example 1
Deodorization treatment was performed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the treatment gas was not refluxed. Since the residual concentration of the sulfur-containing compound was measured 3 months after the start of operation, the results are shown in Table 1.
[0013]
[Table 1]
[0014]
【The invention's effect】
By utilizing the present invention, the above-mentioned compounds can be efficiently decomposed and removed from malodorous gases containing high concentrations of sulfur-containing compounds of hydrogen sulfide, methyl mercaptan, methyl sulfide and methyl disulfide, and an excellent deodorizing effect is obtained. be able to.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a flow sheet of an embodiment of a biological treatment method for malodorous gases according to the present invention (Example 1).
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
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JP28386396A JP3802161B2 (en) | 1996-10-25 | 1996-10-25 | Biological treatment of malodorous gases |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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JP28386396A JP3802161B2 (en) | 1996-10-25 | 1996-10-25 | Biological treatment of malodorous gases |
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JPH10128042A JPH10128042A (en) | 1998-05-19 |
JP3802161B2 true JP3802161B2 (en) | 2006-07-26 |
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JP5756060B2 (en) * | 2012-06-29 | 2015-07-29 | 荏原実業株式会社 | Biogas biological desulfurization apparatus and biological desulfurization method |
JP5756061B2 (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2015-07-29 | 荏原実業株式会社 | Biological desulfurization apparatus and desulfurization method for biogas |
JP5925179B2 (en) * | 2013-12-17 | 2016-05-25 | 荏原実業株式会社 | Biological desulfurization apparatus and biological desulfurization method |
JP5767723B2 (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2015-08-19 | 荏原実業株式会社 | Biological desulfurization apparatus and biological desulfurization method |
JP5767722B2 (en) * | 2014-01-16 | 2015-08-19 | 荏原実業株式会社 | Biological desulfurization apparatus and desulfurization method |
CN104324607A (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2015-02-04 | 宁夏宝塔石化科技实业发展有限公司 | Biological deodorization method for sodium methyl mercaptide tail gas treatment |
JP2015214695A (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2015-12-03 | 荏原実業株式会社 | Biological desulfurization apparatus and desulfurization method for biogas |
JP6101740B2 (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2017-03-22 | 荏原実業株式会社 | Biological desulfurization method of biogas |
JP6215257B2 (en) * | 2015-05-28 | 2017-10-18 | 荏原実業株式会社 | Biological desulfurization method of biogas |
JP6170197B1 (en) * | 2016-02-29 | 2017-07-26 | 荏原実業株式会社 | Desulfurization system and desulfurization method |
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