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JP3798278B2 - Surplus power control method in power supply system - Google Patents

Surplus power control method in power supply system Download PDF

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JP3798278B2
JP3798278B2 JP2001281951A JP2001281951A JP3798278B2 JP 3798278 B2 JP3798278 B2 JP 3798278B2 JP 2001281951 A JP2001281951 A JP 2001281951A JP 2001281951 A JP2001281951 A JP 2001281951A JP 3798278 B2 JP3798278 B2 JP 3798278B2
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power
output
surplus
storage battery
voltage
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JP2003087993A (en
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俊郎 廣▲瀬▼
浩司 ▲高▼瀬
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Nishimu Electronics Industries Co Inc
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects

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  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
  • Wind Motors (AREA)

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、電力供給システムにおける余剰電力制御方法に関し、特に、風力発電機および太陽電池の少なくとも一方と蓄電池とを具備し、風力発電機、太陽電池、蓄電池はそれぞれ第１ないし第３の電力変換装置を介して共通に負荷に接続され、蓄電池は、風力発電機、太陽電池の発電電力のうちの余剰電力を貯蔵し、風力発電機、太陽電池の発電量の低下時に負荷への給電を行う電力供給システムの余剰電力制御方法であって、蓄電池を適正な充電電流で充電でき、また、その過充電を防止することができる電力供給システムにおける余剰電力制御方法に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
風力発電機や太陽電池の発電電力を負荷に供給すると共にその余剰電力を蓄電池に貯蔵し、風力発電機や太陽電池の発電量の低下時に蓄電池に貯蔵されている電力を負荷に供給する電力供給システムが自然エネルギの有効活用を図るクリーンな電力供給システムとして注目されている。
【０００３】
図４は、従来の電力供給システムを示すブロック構成図であり、風力発電機１および太陽電池２の発電電力は、それぞれ電力変換装置Ａ、Ｂにより変換されて負荷４に供給される。風力発電機１および太陽電池２の発電電力のうちの余剰電力は、電力変換装置Ａ、Ｂ、さらには電力変換装置Ｃを介して蓄電池３に供給され、蓄電池３に貯蔵される。風力発電機１や太陽電池２の発電量が低下し、それらにより負荷４に電力を十分に供給することができなくなった時には、蓄電池３に貯蔵されている電力が電力変換装置Ｃにより変換されて負荷４に供給される。
【０００４】
また、蓄電池３に接続されている電力変換装置Ｃの入力側または出力側に、例えば、抵抗負荷と放熱器からなるダミー負荷５が投入可能に接続されており、風力発電機１または太陽電池２の発電量が負荷４の需要電力を超えて大幅に増大し、余剰となった場合の蓄電池３の過充電が防止されるようになっている。すなわち、風力発電機１または太陽電池２の発電量が負荷４の需要電力を超えて大幅に余剰となった場合、ダミー負荷５が投入接続され、それにより余剰電力が消費されて蓄電池３への充電電流および充電電圧が過大になることが防止される。これにより風や太陽光の強さにかかわらず安定して負荷４に電力を供給することができると共に蓄電池３の過充電を防止することができる。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
従来の電力供給システムでは、上述のように、余剰電力を消費させるために抵抗負荷と放熱器などからなるダミー負荷５を必要とする。また、余剰電力による蓄電池３の過充電を防止するためにダミー負荷５の投入接続の制御を行わなければならないがその制御は困難である。すなわち、余剰電力は常に一定ではなく負荷４の需要電力により変動し、その変動幅も変化するものであり、そのような余剰電力による蓄電池３の過充電を防止するためには余剰電力に応じたアナログ的なダミー負荷５の投入接続の制御が必要となるが、ダミー負荷５の制御はそれを投入するか否か、また、投入のタイミングの制御であり、その制御をアナログ的にきめ細かく行うことは困難である。さらに、風力発電機１や太陽電池２が増設されて余剰電力の増加が予測される場合には、それに応じてダミー負荷５も増設しなければならない。
【０００６】
本発明は、ダミー負荷を必要とせずに、蓄電池の過充電を防止するための余剰電力の制御をアナログ的にきめ細かく行うことができ、また、風力発電機や太陽電池が増設されて余剰電力の増加が予測される場合にも容易に対応することができる電力供給システムの余剰電力制御方法を提供することを目的とするものである。
【０００７】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記した課題を解決するために、本発明は、蓄電池に接続された電力変換装置により蓄電池の充電電流および充電電圧を検知して余剰電力を監視し、その監視結果に応じて自身の出力電圧を変化させ、この出力電圧の変化に応じて風力発電機に接続された電力変換装置、太陽電池に接続された電力変換装置の出力電力を変化させることにより前記蓄電池の過充電を防止する点に第１の特徴がある。また、本発明は、余剰電力の監視結果に応じて、蓄電池に接続された電力変換装置の出力電圧安定化用のフィードバック制御ループにおける基準電圧を変化させることにより該電力変換装置の出力電圧を変化させる点に第２の特徴がある。さらに、本発明は、風力発電機に接続された電力変換装置、太陽電池に接続された電力変換装置において、基準電圧を有し、前記第１、第２の電力変換装置の出力電力が前記基準電圧に応じた値になるように制御しているフィードバック制御ループにおける該基準電圧を前記出力電圧に応じて変えることにより前記第１、第２の電力変換装置の出力電力を変化させる点に第３の特徴がある。
【０００８】
上記第１ないし第３の特徴によれば、ダミー負荷を必要とせず、蓄電池の過充電を防止するための余剰電力の制御をアナログ的にきめ細かく行うことができ、また、風力発電機や太陽電池が増設されて余剰電力の増加が予測される場合にも容易に対応することができる。また、フィードバック制御機能により余剰電力を一定に保つ制御が行われるので、必要以上の余剰電力の制御が行われず、突発的な余剰電力の発生時にも即応性のよい制御が行われる。
【０００９】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施形態を図面を参照して詳細に説明する。図１は本発明の一実施形態が適用された電力供給システムを示すブロック構成図である。ここで図４と異なる点は、ダミー負荷が設けられておらず、電力変換装置Ａ′〜Ｃ′の構成が電力変換装置Ａ〜Ｃの構成とは異なり、電力変換装置Ｃ′から電力変換装置Ａ′、Ｂ′へ余剰電力の情報が伝送され、電力変換装置Ａ′、Ｂ′におけるフィードバック制御ループにその余剰電力の情報が加えれらて余剰電力の制御が行われるように構成されている点である。なお、負荷４に供給する電力が交流である場合には、電力変換装置Ａ′は、前段に交流−直流変換器、後段に直流−交流変換器を有する二段構成のものとすればよく、電力変換装置Ｂ′、Ｃ′は、直流−交流変換器とすればよいが、これに限られず、負荷４に供給する電力が直流である場合には、電力変換装置Ａ′を交流−直流変換器とし、電力変換装置Ｂ′、Ｃ′を直流−直流変換器とすればよい。また、電力変換装置Ａ′〜Ｃ′は、電流制御型のものであっても電圧制御型のものであってもよく、またそれらを組み合わせたものでもよい。
【００１０】
図２は、図１における電力変換装置Ａ′またはＢ′の一具体例を示す基本制御ブロック図であり、ここでは本発明に関係する余剰電力の制御についての部分のみを示している。なお、電力の変換についての具体的構成は、上述のように、電力変換装置Ａ′とＢ′とでは異なるが、その構成および動作は周知であるので省略してある。
【００１１】
図３は、図１における電力変換装置Ｃ′の一具体例を示す基本制御ブロック図であり、ここでも本発明に関係する余剰電力の制御についての部分のみを示しており、電力の変換についての具体的構成は省略してある。なお、図２および図３の出力電圧の規定値Ｖoref１３と１８は同一値である。
【００１２】
風力発電機１または太陽電池２の発電電力は、電力変換パワー回路６により変換された後、電力変換装置Ａ′またはＢ′の出力７として出力され、図１の負荷４に供給される。出力７のうちの余剰電力は、図３の電力変換用パワー回路１６を介して蓄電池３に供給され、蓄電池３に貯蔵される。蓄電池３に対する充電電流は電流センサ１７により検知される。風力発電機１や太陽電池２の発電量が低下し、出力７により負荷４へ電力を十分に供給することができなくなった時には、蓄電池３に貯蔵されている電力が電力変換用パワー回路１６により変換されて出力７として出力され、図１の負荷４に供給される。
【００１３】
図２において、風力発電機１または太陽電池２の出力電圧と直流電圧の規定値Ｖdref１８との差分が誤差増幅器９で増幅され、この出力と出力７の瞬時値とが乗算器１０で乗算される。電力変換用パワー回路６から出力７へ流れる電流が電流センサ１１で検知され、この出力と乗算器１０の出力との差分が誤差増幅器１２で増幅され、この出力により電力変換用パワー回路６が制御される。これにより電力変換装置Ａ′またはＢ′の出力電流は乗算器１０の出力値になるようにフィードバック制御される。このフィードバック制御回路には、さらに出力７と出力電圧の規定値Ｖoref１３との差分を増幅し、直流電圧の規定値Ｖdref１８に加算するための誤差増幅器１４およびダイオード１５が設けられている。
【００１４】
図３においては、出力７と出力電圧の規定値Ｖoref１８との差分が誤差増幅器１９で増幅され、この出力により電力変換用パワー回路１６が制御される。これにより出力７は出力電圧の規定値Ｖoref１８になるようにフィードバック制御される。このフィードバック制御回路には、蓄電池３の電圧と直流電圧の規定値Ｖdref２２０との差分および電流センサ１７により検知される蓄電池３の充電電流と直流電流の規定値Ｉdref２１との差分を出力電圧の規定値Ｖoref１８に加算するための誤差増幅器２２、２３およびダイオード２４、２５が設けられている。
【００１５】
次に、図２および図３を参照して本発明の一実施形態の余剰電力制御方法について説明する。蓄電池３への充電電流および充電電圧がそれぞれの規定値Ｉdref２１、Ｖdref２２０内であれば、出力７の電圧値は、図３における電力変換用パワートランジスタ１６、出力電圧の規定値Ｖoref１８および誤差増幅器１９のフィードバック制御ループにより規定値Ｖoref１８になるように制御される。
【００１６】
風力発電機１または太陽電池２の発電量が増大し、出力７が負荷４の需要電力を超えて大幅に余剰となると、蓄電池３の充電電流が大きくなる。この充電電流を検知する電流センサ１７の出力が充電電流の規定値Ｉdref２１より大きくなると、この出力と充電電流の規定値Ｉdref２１との差分が誤差増幅器２３で増幅され、ダイオード２５を通して出力電圧の規定値Ｖoref１８に加算される。また、蓄電池３の電圧が充電電圧の規定値Ｖdref２２０より大きくなると、その差分が誤差増幅器２２で増幅され、ダイオード２４を通して出力電圧の規定値Ｖoref１８に加算される。これにより電力変換装置Ｃ′における出力電圧のフィードバック制御の規定値が上昇し、その結果、出力７の電圧値が出力電圧の規定値Ｖoref１８より大きくなる。
【００１７】
図２において、出力７の電圧値が出力電圧の規定値Ｖoref１３内であれば、風力発電機１または太陽電池２の出力電圧と直流電圧の規定値Ｖdref１８との差分と出力７の瞬時値との乗算結果と、電流センサ１１で検知される出力との差分とに基づくフィードバック制御が行われる。
【００１８】
上述したように、出力７の電圧値が出力電圧の規定値Ｖoref１８、すなわちＶoref１３より大きくなると、出力７と出力電圧の規定値Ｖoref１３との差分を増幅する誤差増幅器１４の出力が直流電圧の規定値Ｖdref１８に加算され、図２のフィードバック制御回路は、出力７の瞬時値、電流センサ１１により検知される出力電流、および風力発電機１または太陽電池２の出力電圧と誤差増幅器１４の出力が加算された直流電圧の規定値Ｖdref１８に基づいた制御を行う。誤差増幅器１４の出力が直流電圧の規定値Ｖdref１８に加算されたフィードバック制御の結果、電力変換装置Ａ′またはＢ′の出力電力は減少する。これにより余剰電力が制御され、蓄電池３に対する充電電流および充電電圧が過大になることが防止される。蓄電池３に対する充電電流および充電電圧が低下すると、上述とは逆の動作により出力７の電圧値が下降し、出力電力は増大する。
【００１９】
なお、以上では電力変換装置Ａ′〜Ｃ′におけるフィードバック制御ループを利用して出力電圧、出力電力を変化させる実施態様について説明したが、本発明は、フィードバック制御ループを利用するものに限らず、蓄電池の充電電流および充電電圧の監視結果に応じてアナログ的に出力電圧、出力電力を変化させる種々の構成を採用し得る。また、以上では風力発電機と太陽電池の両方を用いた電力供給システムについて説明したが、風力発電機と太陽電池のうちの一方を用いる電力供給システムに本発明を適用することができ、また、それらの個数は限られないことも明らかであり、そのようなものも本発明の範囲内のものである。さらに、風力発電機や太陽電池を増設しても余剰電力の制御は、それに備えられた電力変換装置により行われるので、ダミー負荷の増設などが必要ないことも明らかである。
【００２０】
【発明の効果】
以上の説明から明らかなように、請求項１ないし３の発明によれば、ダミー負荷を必要とせず、蓄電池の過充電を防止するために余剰電力の制御をアナログ的にきめ細かく行うことができ、突発的な余剰電力の発生に対しても即応性に優れ、必要以上の余剰電力の制御を行わないので、蓄電池の延命を図ることができると共に自然エネルギの有効利用を図ることができるようになる。また、風力発電機や太陽電池が増設されて余剰電力の増加が予測される場合にも容易に対応することができる。さらに、負荷に接続している配電線を利用して余剰電力の情報を伝送するので、電力変換装置相互間で余剰電力の情報を伝送するための特別な信号線が不要であり、電力変換装置を何ら支障なく分散配置することができるようになる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】 本発明の実施態様が適用された電力供給システムを示すブロック構成図である。
【図２】 図１における電力変換装置Ａ′またはＢ′の一具体例を示す基本制御ブロック図である。
【図３】 図１における電力変換装置Ｃ′の一具体例を示す基本制御ブロック図である。
【図４】 従来の電力供給システムを示すブロック構成図である。
【符号の説明】
１・・・風力発電機、２・・・太陽電池、３・・・蓄電池、４・・・負荷、５・・・ダミー負荷、６，１６ ・・・電力変換パワー回路、７・・・出力、８，２０・・・直流電圧の規定値、９，１２，１４，１９，２２，２３・・・誤差増幅器、１０・・・乗算器、１１，１７・・・電流センサ、１３，１８・・・出力電圧の規定値、１５，２４，２５・・・ダイオード、２１・・・直流電流の規定値、Ａ′〜Ｃ′・・・電力変換装置[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a surplus power control method in a power supply system, and in particular, includes at least one of a wind power generator and a solar battery and a storage battery, and each of the wind power generator, the solar battery, and the storage battery has first to third power conversions. The storage battery is connected to the load in common through the device, and the storage battery stores surplus power out of the power generated by the wind power generator and the solar battery, and supplies power to the load when the power generation amount of the wind power generator and the solar battery decreases. The present invention relates to a surplus power control method for a power supply system, which relates to a surplus power control method in a power supply system that can charge a storage battery with an appropriate charging current and prevent the overcharge.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Power supply that supplies the power generated by the wind power generator or solar battery to the load, stores the surplus power in the storage battery, and supplies the power stored in the storage battery to the load when the power generation amount of the wind power generator or solar battery decreases The system is attracting attention as a clean power supply system that makes effective use of natural energy.
[0003]
FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a conventional power supply system, and the power generated by the wind power generator 1 and the solar cell 2 is converted by the power conversion devices A and B and supplied to the load 4. Surplus power among the power generated by the wind power generator 1 and the solar battery 2 is supplied to the storage battery 3 via the power conversion apparatuses A and B and further the power conversion apparatus C, and stored in the storage battery 3. When the amount of power generated by the wind power generator 1 or the solar battery 2 decreases and it becomes impossible to sufficiently supply power to the load 4, the power stored in the storage battery 3 is converted by the power conversion device C. It is supplied to the load 4.
[0004]
Further, for example, a dummy load 5 composed of a resistance load and a radiator is connected to the input side or the output side of the power conversion device C connected to the storage battery 3 so that the wind power generator 1 or the solar battery 2 can be turned on. The amount of generated power exceeds the demand power of the load 4 and greatly increases, so that overcharging of the storage battery 3 is prevented when it becomes surplus. That is, when the amount of power generated by the wind power generator 1 or the solar battery 2 exceeds the demand power of the load 4 and becomes excessively surplus, the dummy load 5 is inserted and connected, so that surplus power is consumed and the storage battery 3 is supplied. It is prevented that the charging current and the charging voltage become excessive. As a result, it is possible to stably supply power to the load 4 regardless of the strength of wind and sunlight, and to prevent overcharge of the storage battery 3.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, the conventional power supply system requires the dummy load 5 including a resistive load and a radiator to consume surplus power. In addition, in order to prevent overcharging of the storage battery 3 due to surplus power, it is necessary to control the connection of the dummy load 5, but this control is difficult. That is, the surplus power is not always constant but fluctuates depending on the demand power of the load 4, and the fluctuation range also changes. In order to prevent the overcharge of the storage battery 3 due to such surplus power, the surplus power depends on the surplus power. It is necessary to control the connection of the analog dummy load 5, and the control of the dummy load 5 is whether or not to input it, and the timing of the input, and the control is performed in an analog manner. It is difficult. Further, when the wind power generator 1 or the solar battery 2 is added and an increase in surplus power is predicted, the dummy load 5 must be added accordingly.
[0006]
The present invention makes it possible to finely control the surplus power to prevent overcharging of the storage battery without requiring a dummy load, and to add surplus power by adding a wind power generator or a solar battery. An object of the present invention is to provide a surplus power control method for a power supply system that can easily cope with an increase expected.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problems, the present invention detects a charging current and a charging voltage of a storage battery by a power conversion device connected to the storage battery, monitors surplus power, and determines its output voltage according to the monitoring result. The point is to prevent overcharge of the storage battery by changing the output power of the power converter connected to the wind power generator and the power converter connected to the solar battery according to the change of the output voltage. There is one feature. Further, the present invention changes the output voltage of the power converter by changing the reference voltage in the feedback control loop for stabilizing the output voltage of the power converter connected to the storage battery according to the surplus power monitoring result. There is a second feature in the point of making it. Furthermore, the present invention provides a power conversion device connected to a wind power generator, a power conversion device connected to a solar cell, having a reference voltage, and the output power of the first and second power conversion devices is the reference power. A third point is that the output power of the first and second power converters is changed by changing the reference voltage in the feedback control loop that is controlled to have a value corresponding to the voltage according to the output voltage. There are features.
[0008]
According to the first to third features, a dummy load is not required, and surplus power for preventing overcharge of the storage battery can be finely controlled in an analog manner, and a wind power generator or a solar battery can be used. It is possible to easily cope with the case where an increase in surplus power is predicted due to the increase in the number of power supplies. In addition, since control for keeping the surplus power constant by the feedback control function is performed, control of surplus power more than necessary is not performed, and control with good responsiveness is performed even when sudden surplus power is generated.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a power supply system to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied. Here, the difference from FIG. 4 is that no dummy load is provided, and the configuration of the power conversion devices A ′ to C ′ is different from the configuration of the power conversion devices A to C. Information on surplus power is transmitted to A ′ and B ′, and the surplus power is controlled by adding the surplus power information to the feedback control loop in the power converters A ′ and B ′. It is. When the power supplied to the load 4 is alternating current, the power conversion device A ′ may have a two-stage configuration having an AC-DC converter in the front stage and a DC-AC converter in the rear stage. The power converters B ′ and C ′ may be DC / AC converters, but are not limited to this, and when the power supplied to the load 4 is DC, the power converter A ′ is converted to AC / DC. The power converters B ′ and C ′ may be DC / DC converters. Further, the power conversion devices A ′ to C ′ may be current control type, voltage control type, or a combination thereof.
[0010]
FIG. 2 is a basic control block diagram showing a specific example of the power conversion apparatus A ′ or B ′ in FIG. 1, and shows only the portion relating to the control of surplus power related to the present invention. As described above, the specific configuration for power conversion differs between the power conversion devices A ′ and B ′, but the configuration and operation thereof are well known and are omitted.
[0011]
FIG. 3 is a basic control block diagram showing a specific example of the power conversion device C ′ in FIG. 1, and here also shows only the part regarding the control of surplus power related to the present invention, A specific configuration is omitted. Note that the output voltage prescribed values Voref 13 and 18 in FIGS. 2 and 3 are the same value.
[0012]
The power generated by the wind power generator 1 or the solar cell 2 is converted by the power conversion power circuit 6 and then output as the output 7 of the power conversion device A ′ or B ′ and supplied to the load 4 in FIG. The surplus power in the output 7 is supplied to the storage battery 3 via the power conversion power circuit 16 in FIG. 3 and stored in the storage battery 3. The charging current for the storage battery 3 is detected by the current sensor 17. When the amount of power generated by the wind power generator 1 or the solar battery 2 decreases and power cannot be sufficiently supplied to the load 4 by the output 7, the power stored in the storage battery 3 is supplied by the power conversion power circuit 16. It is converted and output as output 7 and supplied to load 4 in FIG.
[0013]
2, is amplified by the error amplifier 9 difference between the specified value Vdref 1 8 of the output voltage and the DC voltage of the wind power generator 1 or the solar cell 2, multiplies the instantaneous value of the output 7 and the output multiplier 10 Is done. The current flowing from the power conversion power circuit 6 to the output 7 is detected by the current sensor 11, and the difference between this output and the output of the multiplier 10 is amplified by the error amplifier 12, and the power conversion power circuit 6 is controlled by this output. Is done. Thereby, feedback control is performed so that the output current of the power converter A ′ or B ′ becomes the output value of the multiplier 10. This feedback control circuit, further amplifies the difference between the specified value Voref13 output 7 and the output voltage, the error amplifier 14 and the diode 15 for adding a specified value Vdref 1 8 DC voltage is provided.
[0014]
In FIG. 3, the difference between the output 7 and the output voltage specified value Voref 18 is amplified by the error amplifier 19, and the power conversion power circuit 16 is controlled by this output. As a result, the output 7 is feedback-controlled so that the output voltage becomes the specified value Voref18. In this feedback control circuit, the difference between the voltage of the storage battery 3 and the specified value Vdref 2 20 of the DC voltage and the difference between the charging current of the storage battery 3 detected by the current sensor 17 and the specified value Idref 21 of the DC current are output voltages. Error amplifiers 22 and 23 and diodes 24 and 25 for adding to the prescribed value Voref 18 are provided.
[0015]
Next, a surplus power control method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. If the charging current and charging voltage for the storage battery 3 are within the specified values Idref 21 and Vdref 2 20, the voltage value of the output 7 is the power transistor 16 for power conversion, the specified value Voref 18 of the output voltage and the error amplifier in FIG. It is controlled by the feedback control loop of 19 so as to become the specified value Voref18.
[0016]
When the amount of power generated by the wind power generator 1 or the solar battery 2 increases and the output 7 exceeds the demand power of the load 4 and becomes significantly surplus, the charging current of the storage battery 3 increases. When the output of the current sensor 17 that detects the charging current becomes larger than the specified value Idref 21 of the charging current, the difference between the output and the specified value Idref 21 of the charging current is amplified by the error amplifier 23, and the specified value of the output voltage through the diode 25. It is added to Voref18. Further, when the voltage of the storage battery 3 becomes larger than the charging voltage specified value Vdref 2 20, the difference is amplified by the error amplifier 22 and added to the output voltage specified value Voref 18 through the diode 24. As a result, the specified value of the feedback control of the output voltage in the power converter C ′ increases, and as a result, the voltage value of the output 7 becomes larger than the specified value Voref 18 of the output voltage.
[0017]
2, if within the specified value Voref13 voltage value of the output 7 output voltage, the difference between the instantaneous value of the output 7 of a specified value Vdref 1 8 of the output voltage and the DC voltage of the wind power generator 1 or a solar cell 2 And feedback control based on the difference between the multiplication result and the output detected by the current sensor 11 is performed.
[0018]
As described above, when the voltage value of the output 7 becomes larger than the output voltage specified value Voref 18, that is, Voref 13, the output of the error amplifier 14 that amplifies the difference between the output 7 and the output voltage specified value Voref 13 is the DC voltage specified value. is added to Vdref 1 8, the feedback control circuit of FIG. 2, the instantaneous value of the output 7, the output current detected by the current sensor 11, and the output of the output voltage error amplifier 14 of the wind power generator 1 or the solar cell 2 based control specified value Vdref 1 8 summed DC voltage. Output DC voltage of the predetermined value Vdref 1 8 result of the addition feedback control to the error amplifier 14, the output power of the power conversion apparatus A 'or B' is decreased. Thereby, surplus electric power is controlled and it is prevented that the charging current and charging voltage with respect to the storage battery 3 become excessive. When the charging current and the charging voltage for the storage battery 3 decrease, the voltage value of the output 7 decreases due to the reverse operation to that described above, and the output power increases.
[0019]
In addition, although the embodiment which changes an output voltage and output electric power using the feedback control loop in power converter device A'-C 'was demonstrated above, this invention is not restricted to what uses a feedback control loop, Various configurations that change the output voltage and output power in an analog manner according to the monitoring result of the charging current and charging voltage of the storage battery can be adopted. In addition, the power supply system using both the wind power generator and the solar cell has been described above, but the present invention can be applied to a power supply system using one of the wind power generator and the solar cell, Obviously, the number is not limited and such are within the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, even if a wind power generator or a solar cell is added, the surplus power is controlled by the power conversion device provided therein, so that it is clear that no additional dummy load is required.
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
As is apparent from the above description, according to the inventions of claims 1 to 3, a dummy load is not required, and surplus power can be finely controlled in an analog manner in order to prevent overcharge of the storage battery, It has excellent responsiveness to sudden surplus power generation and does not control surplus power more than necessary, so that the life of the storage battery can be extended and natural energy can be used effectively. . In addition, it is possible to easily cope with a case where an increase in surplus power is expected due to an increase in wind power generators or solar cells. Furthermore, since the surplus power information is transmitted using the distribution line connected to the load, a special signal line for transmitting the surplus power information between the power conversion devices is unnecessary, and the power conversion device Can be distributed without any problem.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a power supply system to which an embodiment of the present invention is applied.
FIG. 2 is a basic control block diagram showing a specific example of a power converter A ′ or B ′ in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a basic control block diagram showing a specific example of a power converter C ′ in FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a conventional power supply system.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Wind generator, 2 ... Solar cell, 3 ... Storage battery, 4 ... Load, 5 ... Dummy load, 6, 16 ... Power conversion power circuit, 7 ... Output , 8, 20 ... Specified value of DC voltage, 9, 12, 14, 19, 22, 23 ... Error amplifier, 10 ... Multiplier, 11, 17 ... Current sensor, 13, 18, ..Specified value of output voltage, 15, 24, 25 ... Diode, 21 ... Specified value of DC current, A 'to C' ... Power converter

Claims (3)

風力発電機および太陽電池の少なくとも一方と蓄電池とを具備し、前記風力発電機、前記太陽電池、前記蓄電池はそれぞれ第１ないし第３の電力変換装置を介して共通に負荷に接続され、前記蓄電池は、前記風力発電機、前記太陽電池の発電電力のうちの余剰電力を貯蔵し、前記風力発電機、前記太陽電池の発電量の低下時に前記負荷への給電を行う電力供給システムにおける余剰電力制御方法において、
前記第３の電力変換装置により前記蓄電池の充電電流および充電電圧を検知して余剰電力を監視し、この監視結果に応じて前記第３の電力変換装置の出力電圧を変化させ、該出力電圧の変化に応じて第１、第２の電力変換装置により、第１、第２の電力変換装置の出力電力を変化させることにより前記蓄電池の過充電を防止することを特徴とする電力供給システムにおける余剰電力制御方法。At least one of a wind power generator and a solar battery, and a storage battery, wherein the wind power generator, the solar battery, and the storage battery are connected to a load in common through first to third power conversion devices, respectively, and the storage battery Is a surplus power control in a power supply system that stores surplus power out of the power generated by the wind power generator and the solar cell, and supplies power to the load when the power generation amount of the wind power generator and the solar cell decreases. In the method
The surplus power is monitored by detecting the charging current and charging voltage of the storage battery by the third power conversion device, the output voltage of the third power conversion device is changed according to the monitoring result, and the output voltage The surplus in the power supply system, wherein the overcharge of the storage battery is prevented by changing the output power of the first and second power conversion devices by the first and second power conversion devices according to the change Power control method. 前記第３の電力変換装置の出力電圧安定化用のフィードバック制御ループにおける基準電圧を余剰電力の監視結果に応じて変えることにより前記第３の電力変換装置の出力電圧を変化させることを特徴とする請求項１の電力供給システムにおける余剰電力制御方法。The output voltage of the third power converter is changed by changing the reference voltage in the feedback control loop for stabilizing the output voltage of the third power converter according to the monitoring result of the surplus power. The surplus power control method in the power supply system according to claim 1. 基準電圧を有し、前記第１、第２の電力変換装置の出力電力が前記基準電圧に応じた値になるように制御しているフィードバック制御ループにおける該基準電圧を前記出力電圧に応じて変えることにより前記第１、第２の電力変換装置の出力電力を変化させることを特徴とする請求項１または２の電力供給システムにおける余剰電力制御方法。A reference voltage in a feedback control loop having a reference voltage and controlling the output power of the first and second power converters to a value corresponding to the reference voltage is changed according to the output voltage. The surplus power control method in the power supply system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the output power of the first and second power converters is changed accordingly.
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