JP3744140B2 - Hollow fiber membrane module and method of use thereof, separation unit, water treatment device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  Hollow fiber membrane module used for wastewater treatment etc.And its method of use, separation unit, water treatment deviceAbout.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Liquid separation technology using membranes has attracted attention, and separation membranes for various applications have been developed, one of which is a hollow fiber membrane. Hollow fiber membranes are advantageous in that a large membrane area per unit volume can be obtained when they are made into membrane modules, and hollow fiber membrane modules are being developed for various purposes.
[0003]
One of the uses expected for the hollow fiber membrane module is wastewater treatment. Wastewater treatment requires a technology that can perform large-scale treatment related to membrane separation, is resistant to fluctuations in the load of influent wastewater, and can operate stably over a long period of time. However, when membrane separation is used, when separating a high-concentration liquid as in wastewater treatment, the membrane surface is heavily soiled and the membrane separation performance tends to deteriorate. Since hollow fiber membranes used in this field are heavily deposited on the membrane surface during separation, an external pressure type hollow fiber membrane that performs separation from the outer surface to the inner surface of the hollow fiber membrane is suitable. is there. In the external pressure type hollow fiber membrane, the inside of the hollow fiber membrane is not clogged by dirt like the internal pressure type, and the hollow fiber membrane is swung by a water flow such as bubbles, or backwashing in which liquid is injected from the inside of the membrane. The dirt accumulated by can be easily peeled off. There are a hollow fiber membrane module in which a plurality of external pressure type hollow fiber membranes are used and a membrane bundle is accommodated in a case, or a plurality of hollow fiber membrane modules that are suspended in a sealable tank. In both cases, the transmembrane pressure difference required for the separation is obtained by pressurizing and supplying the raw water into the sealed container. However, in the case of wastewater treatment in which the raw water has a high concentration or sometimes high viscosity, it is difficult to supply liquid into the container, and it is difficult to discharge the dirt peeled off from the membrane surface to the outside of the container. Can be mentioned. Therefore, recently, as disclosed in JP-A-5-23549, the membrane module is immersed in a water tank having a water flow by gas ejection or stirring, and the permeate is obtained by sucking the inside of the hollow fiber membrane. There are immersion type hollow fiber membrane modules. If this module is used by being immersed in a wastewater treatment tank, separation can be performed by sucking the permeate side while peeling and removing deposits on the outer surface of the membrane by the water flow in the tank.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the case of having an adhesive fixing part having a circular cross section, a water flow hardly spreads to the membrane bundle in the vicinity of the central part of the adhesive fixing part when the both ends of the hollow fiber membrane are adhesively fixed. On the other hand, even when using a module such as JP-A-5-23549 in which only one end is bonded and fixed, the water flow coming from below is still below the hollow fiber membrane near the center of the adhesive fixing portion at the base of the lower membrane bundle. Is hard to get around. In such a shape, filth deposits on the membrane surface where the water flow does not spread and the space between the hollow fiber membranes is blocked. As a result, the effective membrane area is reduced and the separation ability is lowered. Such a structure is not suitable for a hollow fiber membrane having a high separation function.
[0005]
On the other hand, when the raw water is pressurized and supplied to the container, a through hole is formed in the portion corresponding to the lower part of the module as in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 61-106307, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-291007, and Japanese Patent Publication No. 1-30524. It has a shape that allows raw water to enter the inner membrane bundle and also discharges dirt removed by backwashing from the inner side. However, in the method of immersing in the water tank and sucking the inside of the hollow fiber membrane, unlike the case of supplying raw water under pressure to the container, the small through-hole provided in the adhesive fixing part has air bubbles in the tank. Or the water flow by stirring does not reach the center of the adhesive fixing part. Further, in the through hole only at one end, the water flow is stagnated near the opposite end, and the effect of peeling and removing is excluded. In addition, even if the hollow fiber membrane bundle on the inner side from the central through hole is covered with a porous inner cylinder or a protective cylinder, the effect of peeling and removing membrane surface deposits by water flow is excluded, and the outer side of the membrane bundle is covered with an outer cylinder The case is the same.
[0006]
Even if a water flow hits the surface of the hollow fiber membrane bundle, if there is a thickness from the outside to the inside of the adhesive fixing part or from the inside to the outside, the water flow is structurally distributed to the hollow fiber membrane inside the hollow fiber membrane bundle. It becomes difficult to deposit dirt in the vicinity of the adhesive fixing portion.
[0007]
The hollow fiber membrane module used in this application required a new structure in which the water flow easily spreads inside the adhesive fixing part, and the dirt due to separation is difficult to accumulate.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention basically has the following configuration.
[0009]
  (1)A plurality of hollow fiber membranes having a fixed end fixed at the end;TheStructure to collect water by opening the inside of the hollow fiber membrane at the fixed endAnd is configured without being covered with an outer cylinder.Hollow fiber membrane module, the hollow fiber membrane moduleIsAt least one endPenetrates the fixed end ofHave tsubeWhen the hollow fiber membrane module is used by being immersed in a tank in which the stock solution is substantially open to atmospheric pressure, the hollow fiber membrane module is used with a through-hole provided at the fixed end of the at least one end disposed below. With featuresHollow fiber membrane module.
  (2)A means for collecting the permeate generated from the hollow fiber membrane is further provided adjacent to the fixed end.,the aboveHollow fiber membrane module.
  (3)There are two fixed ends that support the hollow fiber membrane.the aboveHollow fiber membrane module.
  (4)Both ends of the hollow fiber membrane are supported by one fixed endthe aboveHollow fiber membrane module.
  (5) AboveHollow fiber membrane moduleThe stock solution is immersed and installed above the gas ejection means installed in a tank that is substantially open to atmospheric pressure,Hollow fiberMembraneThe permeate is obtained from the stock solution through the hollow fiber membrane, with the stock solution flowing outside and the inside of the hollow fiber membrane set to a pressure lower than the pressure of the stock solution.InsideHow to use the empty fiber membrane moduleIn the above, the gas jetting means is used to jet gas into the stock solution.How to use the hollow fiber membrane module.
  (6) AboveEmpty fiber membrane moduleTheMultiplePlaceNaMinuteRelease unit.
  (7) The aboveMultiple hollow fiber membrane modules are connected to each hollow fiber membrane module.ProvidedPermeateFor collectingConnected through meansAboveSeparation unit.
  (8) The hollow fiber membrane module according to any one of (1) to (4) is a water treatment apparatus in which a stock solution is immersed and installed in a tank opened to atmospheric pressure, A water treatment apparatus in which a yarn membrane module is installed above a gas ejection means installed in the tank.
  (9) The separation unit according to (6) or (7) is a water treatment apparatus in which a stock solution is immersed in a tank that is substantially open to atmospheric pressure, and the separation unit is disposed in the tank. The water treatment apparatus installed above the gas ejection means installed in the.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
[0014]
The penetrating portion in the hollow fiber membrane module of the present invention is a structure that penetrates from the surface of the fixed portion of the hollow fiber membrane to the opposite surface, and the direction is the long axis direction of the module or the hollow fiber membrane is linear. It is substantially parallel to the direction of travel (that is, not the curved portion of the U-shaped hollow fiber membrane). Since this is intended to allow the treatment liquid to flow without stagnation, it has a structure that is separated from and not connected to the inside of the hollow fiber and the water collecting part.
[0015]
Hereinafter, the details of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not particularly limited by these drawings.
[0016]
FIG. 1 is an example of a hollow fiber membrane module according to the present invention. After the hollow fiber membrane 1 is bonded and fixed at both ends, the inside of the hollow fiber membrane is opened at the bonded fixed end portion so that permeated water can be taken out. Water collecting caps 4 are attached to the adhesive fixing portions 2 at both ends to form water collecting portions for collecting permeated water. A penetration part 3 is provided in the water collecting part at the end of the module. The penetrating part 3 may be provided in a hollow fiber membrane module in which both ends of the hollow fiber membrane 1 are bonded and fixed at one end of a bent piece as shown in FIG. A plurality of penetrating portions 3 may be arranged uniformly, but preferably a single unit is provided at the center. The shape may be a polygonal cross section as long as the water flow can pass through the inside of the through portion, and is not particularly limited. It is more preferable if it is a circle which is a simple structure in terms of manufacture.
[0017]
In FIG. 1, the other end is provided with a fixed end portion having a penetrating portion, whereby a water flow path that exits from the membrane bundle region without traversing the projection region between adjacent membranes of the fixed end portion can be provided. . That is, the water flow is almost parallel to the hollow fiber membrane and flows so as to penetrate the module. Such a mechanism can be realized even with a U-shaped module configuration as shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, but most preferably, the penetration flow is provided in both adhesive fixing portions as shown in FIG. It becomes easier to pass. In addition, when it has a U-shaped module structure as shown in FIG. 3 and has a connecting means at the top, when the connecting means has no through portion, the hollow fiber membrane bent portion is in the liquid and the connecting means is outside the liquid. Preferably, when both are in the liquid, it is preferable that the distance between the two is about 5 to 30% of the total length of the module. The penetrating part 3 can hold the water flow that has entered the larger the cross-sectional area of the predetermined adhesive fixing part, can circulate a large amount of water, and the sludge is structurally reduced by making the adhesive fixing part 2 thin and thin. Becomes difficult to deposit. Therefore, water spreads in the vicinity of the adhesive fixing portion, and an effect appears in terms of deposit removal. However, if it is too large, the adhesive fixing part will be small, the number of hollow fiber membranes to be loaded will be reduced, and the processing capacity per module will be low. Considering these points, the size of the penetrating portion is preferably 5 to 93%, more preferably 10 to 72%, and still more preferably 30 to 68 in the area of the opening of the penetrating portion in the module end section. %. Here, the end cross section refers to a cross section when cut along a plane perpendicular to the long axis direction of the module or the direction in which the hollow fiber membranes run in parallel. Of course, the area of the through portion does not include the cross-sectional area of the hole in the hollow fiber membrane.
[0018]
The manufacturing method of the penetration part 3 may be provided by machining after arranging and fixing the hollow fiber membrane in a circular container so as to have a penetration part inside, or by bending the rectangular adhesion fixing part to make an annular shape You may make it deformed. Further, it is also possible to form an annular adhesive fixing portion by joining together those that are adhesively fixed with a container having a shape forming a part of an arc. It is also possible to simply connect and enclose with a rectangular adhesive fixing part and have a polygonal through part inside. It is preferably bonded and fixed in a container having a penetrating portion inside, and most preferably bonded and fixed in an annular container having a penetrating portion in the central portion.
[0019]
The penetrating portion here is one in which a water flow can enter the inside of the adhesive fixing portion, and covering the inside of the penetrating portion with an inner cylinder or the like is not preferable because it reduces the contact of the water flow with the membrane surface. Rather, it is preferable that the hollow fiber membranes on the inner and outer surfaces of the module are not covered. If it is necessary to cover in consideration of damage to the membrane bundle, it is preferable that the effect of peeling and removing by water flow is not impaired as much as possible.
[0020]
If the number of hollow fiber membranes is loaded into the adhesive fixing part having a penetrating part with a high filling rate, it is preferable to increase the processing capacity per module. May be prevented. It is more preferable that the hollow fiber membranes are arranged in a cylindrical shape so as to surround the penetrating part so that the water flow can be easily distributed. The arrangement method is preferably arranged evenly one by one, but it is also possible to manufacture a small number of film bundles and distribute them uniformly in units of film bundles. More preferably, by producing a plurality of membrane bundles in which several layers of hollow fiber membranes regularly arranged in advance in a plane are stacked, if this membrane bundle is used, a water flow circulates in the membrane bundle, A module having a high processing capacity can be manufactured, which can be uniformly disposed at a thin filling fixing portion with a high filling rate. Even in the case of being bonded and fixed at one end as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, it can be manufactured by using a membrane bundle 7 in which several layers of hollow fiber membranes regularly arranged in a plane are stacked. In such a case, it is also preferable that the membrane bundle is easily supported by the support pipe 6. It is preferable to support so that the membrane bundle 7 which several layers of the hollow fiber membrane regularly arranged planarly like FIG. 6 cross | intersects. When modularizing, if both ends of the hollow fiber are fixed, the fluctuation of the film due to the water flow is reduced, but the disturbance of the film can be prevented. On the other hand, it is possible to obtain a large swing in a shape that is bent into a U shape at one end. However, it must be used with care that a water flow can pass between the hollow fiber membranes in the bent portion, and that damage is caused by large shaking. It is also possible to change the module shape according to the use environment.
[0021]
It is preferable to have a support pipe 6 for connecting the two adhesive fixing portions 2 to the one that fixes both ends. Thereby, the structure of the module is maintained, and bending of the hollow fiber membrane 1 can be prevented. In addition, the one with one end bonded and fixed also preferably has a support pipe in order to prevent the membrane from falling or disturbing. The support pipe 6 may be bonded to the outside of the adhesive fixing portion 2. It is more preferable to embed the adhesive fixing part 2 in the module structure or the support strength of the membrane bundle. When embedding, it is better to choose as thin as possible in order to minimize the reduction in film area. Although there is no particular limitation on the number, it is preferable that the number is evenly distributed in the adhesive fixing portion. Moreover, it is more preferable to open the support pipe at the hollow fiber opening end because the permeated water can be transferred to the opposite end. When using a support pipe for permeate transfer, it is also possible to use a pipe having a large inner diameter so that the pressure loss of the permeate is as small as possible.
[0022]
As shown in FIG. 7, the hollow fiber membrane bundles are bonded and fixed at the ends of the hollow fiber membrane bundle, cut at the bonded fixed ends to open the inside of the hollow fiber membrane, and as shown in FIG. By connecting the water collecting cap 4, it is possible to form and use a water collecting portion that collects the permeated water from the hollow fiber membrane. The shape of the water collecting cap is not particularly limited as long as it can hold the gap of the adhesive fixing portion. About the connection method of a water collection cap, you may connect by adhesion | attachment, and may connect with a screw, a flange, etc. via an O-ring, a gasket, etc. A material that is easy to desorb and has good sealing properties is preferred, but is not particularly limited. The water collecting cap is preferably provided with one or more connecting means 5. This facilitates unitization of the plurality of hollow fiber membrane modules 8. The connecting means may be a union, a flange or the like that facilitates the connection, but it may be simply a screwed one and is not particularly limited. Further, when the permeated water is transferred to the opposite end by the support pipe, the connecting means may not be provided in the water collecting cap. In that case, it is necessary to attach the connecting means to the support pipe. There is no particular limitation as long as it can be connected at the opposite end of the module.
[0023]
The water collecting cap 4 shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 is more preferably one that can be connected at the same time when the end portions of the hollow fiber membranes are bonded and fixed, or one that is integrated with the bonding and fixing portion and the water collecting cap.
[0024]
  The hollow fiber membrane module 8 of the present invention has a penetration part 3 at each end, and the characteristic of the structure that the penetration part is large, the membrane area per module volume is small compared to a membrane module of the same volume. Therefore, it is preferable to increase the throughput by increasing the total length of the membrane module or forming a separation unit 9 in which a plurality of hollow fiber membrane modules 8 are connected. When increasing the overall length of the membrane module, the length of the hollow fiber membrane 1SoonIt is necessary to consider the pressure loss of the liquid that passes through the hollow fiber membrane. A preferable length of the hollow fiber membrane is 2 m or less when both ends of the membrane are fixed, and 4 m or less when used in a U-shape. More preferably, they are within 1.3 m and 2.6 m, respectively, and most preferably within 0.8 m and 1.6 m, respectively.
[0025]
  Next, an example of a separation unit 9 in which a plurality of hollow fiber membrane modules 8 are coupled via a connecting means 5 and a flow when the separation unit 9 is made into an apparatus are shown in FIG. 10, FIG. 12, and FIG. FIGS. 9 and 10 show an example in which the adhesive fixing portions on both sides have through portions, and the connecting means of the water collecting caps on both ends are connected to a water guide tower 10 to which a predetermined number of hollow fiber membrane modules 8 can be connected. . In this case, it is preferable to make the length between the connecting means of the water guide towers 10 variable. However, the length is not particularly limited as long as the structure satisfies the strength and has a water collecting ability. FIG. 11 and FIG. 12 are examples when the permeate is transferred from the water collection cap located at the lower end to the upper end. By providing the water collection head 12 on the unit plate 11 loaded with a plurality of modules, Can also be transferred upward through the support pipe. If it does in this way, exchange of a module can be performed from a water tank upper part, and workability | operativity is good. In the case of this unit, the unit board may be arranged higher than the liquid level so that the water flow that passes between the hollow fiber membranes bent in a U-shape does not stagnate. If water is collected from both ends of the hollow fiber membrane, the flow resistance when permeated water passes through the membrane is reduced compared to one end, which is preferable when a hollow fiber membrane having a long overall length is used. FIGS. 13-15 is an example unitized through the connection means of the water collection cap. Moreover, the example at the time of making these separation units into an apparatus is given..As an aquariumReleased to atmospheric pressure, substantiallyIf it is like the water tank 13, a big water flow can be provided. The case where a single unit is used is shown as an example, but it is also possible to connect a plurality of units in parallel. In addition, it is more preferable to connect water guides or the like in series because the area occupied by the unit can be reduced.
[0026]
In use, it may be immersed in a biological treatment tank for solid-liquid separation to obtain permeated water, or may be used for solid-liquid separation in an agglomeration treatment tank or a precipitation tank. When there is a water flow in the water tank, such as an aerobic biological treatment tank, the water tank may be immersed and used as it is. When there is no water flow in the tank, a new stirring blade, gas ejection means 14 and the like are newly provided in the water tank, and various gases typified by air are supplied from the gas supply means 15 and adhered to the membrane surface of the separation unit. It is preferable to generate a water flow that can peel off the soil. More preferably, gas jetting means is provided under each hollow fiber membrane module of the separation unit. As a result, it is possible to effectively remove the dirt by applying the water flow from the gas jet to the membrane surface, and even if it is difficult to remove and remove the dirt due to the water flow in the existing aquarium, this gas jet means can further increase the water flow. It is possible to cope with. More preferably, in addition to the water flow in the tank, the gas jetting means is also provided inside the through portion of each hollow fiber membrane module, which is effective in removing sludge. When gas is ejected from the inside, bubbles are trapped in the module over the entire length of the module, and the peeling effect is promoted. If the amount of gas ejection is increased, the bubbles will flow out so as to overflow from between the membranes to the outside, further increasing the effect. Most preferably, in addition to the inside of the penetrating portion, gas ejection means is also provided on the outer periphery of the membrane module. Even if the gas jetting means is provided separately from the module, the effect is the same. However, when the gas jetting means is integrated, the bubbles can be brought into contact more accurately. The attachment method is not particularly limited.
[0027]
The suction means 16 on the permeate side when used for separation is generally a pump, but it can also be separated by the difference in water level between the water level in the water tank and the permeate take-out port and the obtained flow rate can be adjusted by a valve. The method is not particularly limited as long as the transmission side can be set to a negative pressure. It is preferable to use a pump and a water level in combination because the operation is stabilized and the power cost is reduced.
[0028]
The hollow fiber membrane used in the hollow fiber membrane module of the present invention is suitably an ultrafiltration membrane or a microfiltration membrane, and may be a reverse osmosis membrane with low operating power. As long as an external pressure type porous hollow fiber membrane is used, the type beyond that is not particularly limited. Also, the symmetric film and the asymmetric film are not limited in the film structure.
[0029]
The hollow fiber membrane material is not particularly limited as long as a hollow fiber can be formed, but polyethylene, polypropylene, polysulfone, polyethersulfone, polyvinyl alcohol, cellulose acetate, polyacrylonitrile, polytetrafluoroethylene, etc. are used. Is possible. Among these, preferred materials include polymers having at least one component of acrylonitrile or olefin-based polymers, and particularly preferably 50 mol% or more, more preferably 60 mol% or more of acrylonitrile with respect to the acrylonitrile. It is an acrylonitrile copolymer composed of one or more vinyl compounds having copolymerizability. Further, two or more of these acrylonitrile copolymers, and a mixture with a polymer may be used. The vinyl compound is not particularly limited as long as it is a known compound having copolymerizability with acrylonitrile, but is not limited to acrylic acid, itaconic acid, methyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, vinyl acetate, acrylic sulfonic acid soda, Examples include p-styrene sulfonic acid soda. Further, as the next preferred hollow fiber membrane material, one made of one or more olefin copolymers such as ethylene, propylene, and 4 methylpentene is suitable.
[0030]
Moreover, the structural member of a module is good to change suitably according to the component, when a use application is a waste_water | drain. The material is not particularly limited as long as it is not affected by raw water components, but it is preferably strong and inexpensive like PVC. In addition, it is more preferable to select an inexpensive unit for the hollow fiber membrane module that is expected to be replaced by a material that can be used for many years, such as stainless steel. As for the hollow fiber membrane module part, it is further preferable to change the material used in the part that can be used for many years and the part that is expected to be replaced.
[0031]
【Example】
Example 1
Four bundles of hollow fiber membranes in which 750 polyacrylonitrile hollow fiber membranes having a pore diameter of 0.01 μm are regularly arranged on a plane are used, the effective length of the module hollow fiber membrane is 800 mm, and the effective membrane area is 5 m.², With a total length of 920 mm, support pipes, annular adhesive fixing parts at both ends, and through-hole occupancy ratio of about 56%. It was immersed in a treatment aeration tank (drainage component: human waste, MLSS of about 10,000 ppm) and the permeate side was sucked with a water level difference of 30 cm (3 kPa) to obtain permeate. Separation was carried out continuously. After about 3 months, the separation unit was taken out when the obtained flow rate became 200 → 150 cc / min. However, no sludge was deposited near the adhesive fixing part, and no damage to the membrane was observed.
[0032]
Example 2
Two hollow fiber membrane bundles in which 750 polyacrylonitrile hollow fiber membranes, which are the same as in Example 1, are regularly arranged on a plane are used, bent into a U shape, and the effective length of the module hollow fiber membrane is 1500, 1600 mm, respectively. Effective membrane area 4.8m², 920mm in total length, only one end is bonded and fixed in the annular container, a water collecting cap is attached to the open end, the penetration portion occupancy is about 56%, the U-shaped bent portion is supported by the support pipe and moved upward by the support pipe Produced a separation unit consisting of three hollow fiber membrane modules that can be liquid and have gas jetting means inside and outside the penetration part at the bottom of the module. Immersion was performed, air was supplied to the gas ejection means at a rate of 50 L / min, and the permeate side was sucked with a pump at 7 kPa to obtain permeate. Separation was carried out continuously. After about 3 months, when the amount of water acquired changed from 380 to 300 cc / min, the water collection head of the separation unit was opened, and the hollow fiber membrane modules were taken out one by one. The membrane was not damaged.
[0033]
Comparative Example 1
Separation was performed under the same conditions as in Example 2 using a separation membrane unit in which a module having the same membrane area as that in Example 2 having no through-hole in the adhesive fixing part was loaded into a water collection head. Since the amount of water acquired decreased in 3 weeks (decrease to 100 cc / min), when each module was taken out, a large amount of dirt was deposited on the membrane bundle at the center of the module.
[0034]
Comparative Example 2
Instead of having a penetration part in the adhesive fixing part, the part is filled with a hollow fiber membrane, and the membrane area per module is 8.6 m.²Separation was carried out under the same conditions as in Example 2 except that the hollow fiber membrane module having the same shape as in Example 2 was used. After about 3 months, when the amount of acquired water decreased from 600 to 310 cc / min, the water collection head of the separation unit was opened, and the hollow fiber membrane modules were taken out one by one. In each module, a large amount of sludge was accumulated between the hollow fiber membranes inside the adhesive fixing part.
[0035]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, in a hollow fiber membrane module that performs solid-liquid separation of high-concentration raw water typified by wastewater treatment, a water flow is also given to the inside of the membrane module by having a through part in the adhesive fixing part of the hollow fiber membrane module, The dirt accumulated on the membrane surface along with the separation can be peeled and removed, the effective membrane surface property is maintained, and the hollow fiber membrane in the module can be used efficiently. Further, by making this hollow fiber membrane module connectable, it is possible to cope with a large amount of processing and to enable stable operation over a long period of time.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows an example of a hollow fiber membrane module having adhesive fixing portions at both ends of the present invention and penetrating portions on both sides.
FIG. 2 is an example of a hollow fiber membrane module having an adhesive fixing part on one side and having a through part according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an example of a hollow fiber membrane module having an adhesive fixing part on one side and having a through part according to the present invention and having a connecting means on the upper part.
FIG. 4 shows an example of a hollow fiber membrane module in which the hollow fiber membranes of the present invention are regularly arranged on a plane.
FIG. 5 shows an example of a hollow fiber membrane module in which the hollow fiber membranes of the present invention are regularly arranged on a plane and having a connecting means at the top.
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of an example in which a membrane bundle of a hollow fiber membrane module in which the hollow fiber membranes of the present invention are regularly arranged on a plane is bent in a U shape in the vicinity of a support pipe.
FIG. 7 shows an example in which a water collection portion is sealed with a water collection cap used in the hollow fiber membrane module of the present invention.
FIG. 8 shows an example of a water collection cap used in the hollow fiber membrane module of the present invention.
FIG. 9 shows an example of a separation unit in which a plurality of hollow fiber membrane modules of the present invention are connected.
FIG. 10 shows an example of an operation flow of a separation unit in which a plurality of hollow fiber membrane modules of the present invention are connected.
FIG. 11 shows an example of a separation unit in which a plurality of hollow fiber membrane modules of the present invention are connected.
FIG. 12 shows an example of an operation flow of a separation unit in which a plurality of hollow fiber membrane modules of the present invention are connected.
FIG. 13 shows an example of a separation unit in which a plurality of hollow fiber membrane modules of the present invention are connected.
FIG. 14 shows an example of an operation flow of a separation unit in which a plurality of hollow fiber membrane modules of the present invention are connected.
FIG. 15 shows an example of a separation unit connection state in which a plurality of hollow fiber membrane modules of the present invention are connected.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: Hollow fiber membrane
2: Adhesive fixing part
3: Penetration part
4: Catch cap
5: Connection means
6: Support pipe
7: Hollow fiber membrane bundle in which several layers of hollow fiber membranes regularly arranged in a plane are stacked
8: Hollow fiber membrane module
9: Separation unit
10: Water guide tower
11: Unit plate
12: Water collection head
13: Aquarium
14: Gas ejection means
15: Gas supply means
16: Suction means

Claims (9)

A plurality of hollow fiber membranes have a fixed end portion fixed at the end portion, and are structured to collect water by opening the hollow fiber membrane inside at the fixed end portion, and are configured without being covered with an outer cylinder a hollow fiber membrane module, the hollow fiber membrane module, have a penetrations portion to the fixed end of the at least one end, the hollow fiber membrane module, in the tank of the stock solution is open to substantially atmospheric pressure A hollow fiber membrane module characterized in that, when used by being immersed and installed, a penetrating portion provided at the fixed end portion of at least one end is disposed below . The hollow fiber membrane module according to claim 1 , further comprising means for collecting permeate generated from the hollow fiber membrane adjacent to the fixed end. The hollow fiber membrane module according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein there are two fixed ends that support the hollow fiber membrane. The hollow fiber membrane module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein both ends of the hollow fiber membrane are supported by one fixed end. The hollow fiber membrane module according to any one of claims 1-4, stock substantially immersed installed above the installed gas ejection means in a bath that is open to the atmosphere pressure, outside the hollow fiber membrane in was circulated stock, as a pressure lower than the pressure inside the stock of the hollow fiber membrane, in use of Soraitomaku module in which Ru obtain a permeate through the hollow fiber membranes from the stock solution, stock solution using the gas ejection means A method of using a hollow fiber membrane module having an operation of injecting gas into a tube . Separation unit ing by arranging a plurality of Soraitomaku module in according to any one of claims 1-4. Wherein the plurality of hollow fiber membrane modules with each other, the separation unit according to 請 Motomeko 6 that are connected via a means for collecting the permeate provided in the hollow fiber membrane module. The hollow fiber membrane module according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the hollow fiber membrane module is a water treatment apparatus in which a stock solution is immersed and installed in a tank opened to atmospheric pressure. The water treatment apparatus installed above the gas ejection means installed in the tank. The separation unit according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the separation unit is a water treatment apparatus in which a stock solution is immersed in a tank that is substantially open to atmospheric pressure, and the gas in which the separation unit is installed in the tank. A water treatment device installed above the ejection means.

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