JP3666940B2 - How to make sewage sludge into cement - Google Patents
How to make sewage sludge into cement Download PDFInfo
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- JP3666940B2 JP3666940B2 JP13603595A JP13603595A JP3666940B2 JP 3666940 B2 JP3666940 B2 JP 3666940B2 JP 13603595 A JP13603595 A JP 13603595A JP 13603595 A JP13603595 A JP 13603595A JP 3666940 B2 JP3666940 B2 JP 3666940B2
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- sludge
- quicklime
- cement
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Description
【0001】
【産業上の利用分野】
この発明は、下水汚泥のセメント原料化方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、下水道網の整備拡大に伴い汚泥の発生量は増加の一途をたどっている。下水汚泥の処理方法としては、従来、重油のような助燃用燃料を加えて焼却し、焼却灰を埋立て処分するのが一般的であったが、最終処分先の埋立て地の確保が困難になりつつあり、下水処理産物の有効利用法の開発が望まれている。
【0003】
このような中にあって、汚泥を生石灰等と混合し、生石灰の消和熱を利用して脱水した上でセメント原料または製鉄用焼結原料として利用する技術(特開平3−98700号、特開平3−207497号)が注目される。セメント製造工程または製鉄工程では1000℃以上の炉を用いて原料を焼結しており、汚泥・石灰混合物をこれらの炉に投入すると、混合物中の有機物は燃料の一部として、また無機物は原料の一部として有効利用され、しかも既存のセメント製造設備や製鋼設備をそのまま利用できる利点があり、汚泥の大量処理が可能である。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら上記処理方法において、一般に汚泥は処理場で機械的な濃縮、脱水等の工程を経て汚泥ケーキとされるが、このように機械的に脱水された汚泥ケーキは、その性質上、含水率70〜90重量%程度までしか水分を低下することができない。従って、高含水率の汚泥ケーキに生石灰を添加し、その消和熱により汚泥を乾燥するためには、大量の生石灰を添加せざるを得ず、処理汚泥量に対し、生成処理物の重量が大幅に増大し、前述したセメント製造設備や製鋼設備をそのまま利用できるものの、汚泥の処理効率、使用効率が悪いほか、添加する生石灰自体のコストのみならず、生成した処理物の輸送コストも上昇し、全体の処理コストが高くなり、前記技術の普及を妨げる原因となっている。
【0005】
この発明は、前記欠点を解消し、生石灰の使用量を大幅に減少させると共に、生成処理物の重量を減少させることにより、ランニングコストを大幅に低減し、汚泥を効果的、安定的に有効利用できる下水汚泥のセメント原料化方法を提供することを目的とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上述の目的を達成するためにこの発明の下水汚泥のセメント原料化方法によれば、下水処理場で発生する含水率70〜90重量%の脱水汚泥を、熱風若しくはスチームによる熱媒利用乾燥で予め水分量を20〜50重量%以下の汚泥にして生石灰類と混合し、水分量15%以下のセメント製造用原料としてなることを特徴とする。以下、この発明を詳細に説明する。
【0007】
この発明で処理する汚泥は、下水処理場で発生する汚泥であり、この汚泥は一般に処理場で含水率70〜90%程度まで脱水処理されており、本発明はこの下水汚泥を使用する。
【0008】
前記下水汚泥を水分60重量%以下、好ましくは、20〜50重量%の範囲まで乾燥する。乾燥は焼却炉の排ガスや消化ガス、燃焼排ガスを利用した熱風乾燥やスチーム等の熱媒を利用した乾燥が好適に用いられ、温度200℃程度以下の熱媒使用すると共に、乾燥機内滞留時間を1時間程度以下とすることが望ましい。乾燥形式としては、間接スチーム加熱攪拌型、若しくは、直接熱風回転型のいずれもが適用できる。乾燥汚泥の水分量が60重量%を超えると、後述する生石灰類の消和熱による汚泥の乾燥に大量の生石灰類を必要とし、また、水分量が20重量%を下回るまで乾燥するには、乾燥機内での滞留時間を長くするか、さらに高温で乾燥する必要があり、生石灰類の使用量低減以上に不経済となり好ましくない。
【0009】
次に前記乾燥した下水汚泥に生石灰類を添加混合する。生石灰類とは、CaOを主成分とし、下水汚泥の水分を取り込んで消石灰類になるものを言い、具体的には、生石灰、仮焼ドロマイト、高炉スラグなどが含まれる。生石灰類の粒度は粒径70mm以下、好ましくは30mm程度以下であれば良い。生石灰類を前記乾燥汚泥中の水分量に対し、100〜200重量%混合することにより、CaOと汚泥水分との水和反応及びその水和時に発生する熱により乾燥して水分量が15重量%以下、好ましくは10重量%以下の処理物を得、好適なセメント製造用原料とすることができる。生石灰の添加量がこの範囲よりも少ないと汚泥の残留水分が多く、悪臭が残るほか、腐敗の可能性があり好ましくない。また、生石灰の添加量が多すぎると生成処理物の重量減少効果が薄れる点を含めてコスト高になるので好ましくない。
【0010】
また、前記下水汚泥に生石灰類を添加混合するにあたり、予め乾燥された下水汚泥は、表面が乾燥して固く、内部に水分が残留しているので、単に生石灰と混合するだけでは、残留水分と生石灰の消和反応が十分でない。従って、好適には乾燥汚泥と生石灰の混合と共に粉砕を行い、生石灰と残留水分の接触を十分に行わしめ、粉粒体化させる。粉砕は、ボールミル、竪型ミル、媒体攪拌ミル等各種の粉砕機を使用することができる。
【0011】
【作用】
予め乾燥して水分量を低減した汚泥中の水分と生石灰との水和反応及びその水和時に発生する熱により汚泥を処理することで、生石灰の添加率を大幅に下げ、これにより生成される処理汚泥の水分量も大幅に低減し、流動性の良い取り扱いに優れた粉粒体とすると共に、併せてランニングコストを大幅に低減することができる。
【0012】
【実施例】
図1において、汚泥1は、下水処理場等で含水率70〜90%程度まで脱水処理された脱水ケーキであり、この汚泥1を乾燥手段2に投入し、水分量が60重量%以下、好ましくは20〜50重量%の乾燥汚泥6を得る。乾燥手段2は、一例として、間接スチーム加熱攪拌型が用いられ、熱媒、例えば、スチーム3で間接的に汚泥1を加熱する。4は、熱媒3と汚泥1が熱交換されて凝縮したドレーンの排出を示し、また、5は、汚泥1が加熱されることにより発生する主として水蒸気からなる排ガスを示し、図示しない排ガス処理装置等により処理されて大気放出される。尚、乾燥手段2は、間接スチーム加熱攪拌型のほか、直接熱風回転型等各種のものが使用できる。
【0013】
乾燥汚泥6は、ヘンシェルミキサー等の混合手段7で汚泥の水分量に対し、100〜200重量%の生石灰8と混合することにより、生石灰8は、乾燥汚泥6に残留している水分と消和反応を起こす。このときの発熱により更に乾燥された混合汚泥9とすることができるが、混合汚泥9は、乾燥手段2や生石灰8との反応により水分は低下しているものの、乾燥手段2での乾燥により乾燥汚泥6の表面が固くなっていることもあり、まだ内部には水分が残留している。
【0014】
従って、好適には混合汚泥7を粉砕手段10で粉砕すると共に、更に好適には分級手段12で分級処理する。すなわち、混合汚泥9は、粉砕手段10で粉砕されて内部の水分と生石灰8が十分に消和反応を起こし更に乾燥した粉砕汚泥11とされる。粉砕汚泥11は分級手段12で粗粉と細粉に分級され、粗粉は戻り粉13として粉砕手段10で再度粉砕されると共に、細粉は処理汚泥14として回収される。
【0015】
このように処理された処理汚泥14は、生石灰の添加率を大幅に下げ、充分に乾燥した流動性の良い取り扱いに優れた粉粒体であり、図示しないセメント原料の一部として有効利用される。
【0016】
次に、高含水率の汚泥ケーキを乾燥することなく生石灰を添加して処理する従来例(比較例1)と、この発明に従った、汚泥ケーキを乾燥をして生石灰を添加混合した(実施例1)もの、及び、汚泥ケーキを乾燥をして生石灰を添加混合すると共に粉砕処理した(実施例2)ものの汚泥処理の一例を表1に示す。表1から明らかなように、この発明にあっては、添加生石灰量を大幅に低減できると共に、生成処理汚泥混合物の重量低減効果が著しく、効果的に汚泥処理できることが分かる。
【0017】
【表1】
【0018】
【発明の効果】
この発明によれば、以下に示す通り極めて優れた効果を有する。
(1)下水汚泥を生石灰と混合する前に熱媒で乾燥することにより、生石灰で乾燥すべき水分が大幅に低下して生石灰の使用量を大幅に低減することができ、処理コストも大幅に低減する。
(2)生石灰の混合量が低減できるために混合機の容積を小さくでき、攪拌所要動力も少なくて済む。
(3)生成した処理汚泥中の消石灰分が少なく、有機成分の含有割合が高くなるので発熱量が増加し、燃料としての価値が増加する。
(4)使用生石灰量が少なく、生成処理汚泥の量も少ないため、これらの輸送に要するコストや貯蔵コストを低減することができる。
(5)セメント製造工程では1000℃以上の炉を用いて原料を焼成しており、汚泥・石灰混合物をセメント焼成炉に投入すると、混合物中の有機物は燃料の一部として、また無機物は原料の一部として有効利用され、しかも既存のセメント製造設備をそのまま利用できる利点があり、下水汚泥の大量処理が可能である。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】この発明の汚泥処理を示すフロー図である。
【符号の説明】
1 汚泥
2 乾燥手段
3 スチーム
4 ドレーン
5 排ガス
6 乾燥汚泥
7 混合手段
8 生石灰
9 混合汚泥
10 粉砕手段
11 粉砕汚泥
12 分級手段
13 戻り粉
14 処理汚泥[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a method for converting sewage sludge into a cement material .
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, the amount of sludge generated has been increasing with the expansion of the sewer network. Conventionally, sewage sludge has been incinerated by adding a fuel for auxiliary combustion such as heavy oil, and incineration ash is landfilled. However, it is difficult to secure a landfill site for final disposal. Therefore, the development of effective utilization methods of sewage treatment products is desired.
[0003]
Under such circumstances, sludge is mixed with quicklime, etc., dehydrated using the heat of the quicklime, and used as a cement raw material or a sintered raw material for iron making (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-98700, Kaihei 3-207497) is noted. In the cement manufacturing process or iron manufacturing process, the raw materials are sintered using a furnace of 1000 ° C or higher. When a sludge / lime mixture is put into these furnaces, the organic matter in the mixture is part of the fuel, and the inorganic matter is the raw material. In addition, there is an advantage that existing cement production equipment and steelmaking equipment can be used as they are, and mass treatment of sludge is possible.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the above treatment method, sludge is generally made into a sludge cake through processes such as mechanical concentration and dehydration in a treatment plant. The sludge cake thus mechanically dehydrated has a water content of 70 due to its properties. The moisture can be reduced only to about ~ 90% by weight. Therefore, in order to add quick lime to a sludge cake with a high water content and dry the sludge by its heat of dehydration, a large amount of quick lime must be added. Although the cement production facilities and steelmaking facilities described above can be used as they are, the sludge treatment efficiency and usage efficiency are poor, and not only the cost of the added quicklime itself, but also the transportation costs of the processed products increased. The overall processing cost becomes high, which is a cause of hindering the spread of the technology.
[0005]
This invention eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks, greatly reduces the amount of quicklime used, and reduces the weight of the processed product, thereby greatly reducing running costs and effectively and stably utilizing sludge. An object is to provide a method for converting sewage sludge into a cement raw material .
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, according to the method of converting sewage sludge into a cement raw material of the present invention , dehydrated sludge having a water content of 70 to 90% by weight generated in a sewage treatment plant is preliminarily dried by heating medium using hot air or steam. It is characterized by being made into sludge having a water content of 20 to 50% by weight or less and mixed with quicklimes as a raw material for producing cement having a water content of 15% or less . Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
[0007]
The sludge to be treated in this invention is sludge generated in a sewage treatment plant, and this sludge is generally dehydrated to a water content of about 70 to 90% in the treatment plant, and the present invention uses this sewage sludge.
[0008]
The sewage sludge is dried to a moisture content of 60% by weight or less, preferably 20 to 50% by weight. For drying, incinerator exhaust gas, digestion gas, hot air drying using combustion exhaust gas, or drying using a heating medium such as steam is preferably used. It is desirable to set it to about 1 hour or less. As the drying method, either an indirect steam heating stirring type or a direct hot air rotating type can be applied. When the moisture content of the dried sludge exceeds 60% by weight, a large amount of quicklimes are required for drying the sludge by the heat of dehydration of quicklimes described later, and in order to dry until the moisture content falls below 20% by weight, It is necessary to lengthen the residence time in the dryer or to dry at a higher temperature, which is not preferable because it is more economical than reducing the amount of quicklime used.
[0009]
Next, quicklime is added to and mixed with the dried sewage sludge. Quicklime refers to a material containing CaO as a main component and taking in moisture from sewage sludge to become slaked lime, and specifically includes quicklime, calcined dolomite, blast furnace slag, and the like. The particle size of quicklime is 70 mm or less, preferably about 30 mm or less. By mixing 100 to 200 wt% of quicklime with respect to the moisture content in the dried sludge, the moisture content is 15 wt% by drying due to the hydration reaction between CaO and sludge moisture and the heat generated during the hydration. In the following, a treated product of preferably 10% by weight or less can be obtained and used as a suitable raw material for cement production. If the amount of quicklime added is less than this range, the residual moisture of the sludge is large, malodor remains, and there is a possibility of decay, which is not preferable. Moreover, when there is too much addition amount of quicklime, since the cost increase including the point that the weight reduction effect of a production | generation processed material will fade is not preferable.
[0010]
In addition, when adding quick limes to the sewage sludge, the pre-dried sewage sludge has a dry and hard surface, and moisture remains in the interior. The lime's soothing reaction is not enough. Therefore, it grind | pulverizes with mixing of dry sludge and quick lime suitably, fully contacts with quick lime and a residual water | moisture content, and is made into a granule. For the pulverization, various pulverizers such as a ball mill, a vertical mill, and a medium stirring mill can be used.
[0011]
[Action]
Produced by drastically reducing the addition rate of quick lime by treating the sludge with the hydration reaction between the moisture and quick lime in the sludge dried in advance and reducing the amount of water, and the heat generated during the hydration The moisture content of the treated sludge can be greatly reduced, and the powder can be made excellent in handling with good fluidity, and the running cost can be greatly reduced.
[0012]
【Example】
In FIG. 1,
[0013]
The dry sludge 6 is mixed with 100% to 200% by weight of
[0014]
Accordingly, the mixed sludge 7 is preferably pulverized by the pulverizing means 10 and more preferably classified by the classification means 12. In other words, the mixed sludge 9 is pulverized by the pulverizing means 10, and the moisture and
[0015]
The treated sludge 14 treated in this manner is a powder that is drastically reduced in the addition rate of quick lime and is sufficiently dry and excellent in handling with good fluidity, and is effectively used as part of a cement raw material ( not shown). .
[0016]
Next, the conventional example (Comparative Example 1) in which quick lime is added and dried without drying the sludge cake with a high water content, and the sludge cake is dried and mixed with quick lime according to the present invention (implementation) Table 1 shows an example of the sludge treatment of Example 1) and the sludge cake dried and added with quick lime and pulverized (Example 2). As is apparent from Table 1, according to the present invention, it is understood that the amount of quicklime added can be significantly reduced, and the effect of reducing the weight of the generated sludge mixture can be remarkably improved so that the sludge can be effectively treated.
[0017]
[Table 1]
[0018]
【The invention's effect】
According to this invention, it has an extremely excellent effect as shown below.
(1) By drying the sewage sludge with a heating medium before mixing with quicklime, the moisture to be dried with quicklime can be greatly reduced, and the amount of quicklime used can be greatly reduced, and the processing cost is also greatly increased. To reduce.
(2) Since the mixing amount of quicklime can be reduced, the volume of the mixer can be reduced and the power required for stirring can be reduced.
(3) Since the amount of slaked lime in the produced treated sludge is small and the content ratio of the organic component is high, the calorific value is increased and the value as a fuel is increased.
(4) Since the amount of quicklime used is small and the amount of generated sludge is also small, it is possible to reduce the cost and storage cost required for these transportation.
(5) In the cement manufacturing process, the raw material is fired using a furnace at 1000 ° C. or higher. When the sludge / lime mixture is put into the cement firing furnace, the organic matter in the mixture is part of the fuel, and the inorganic matter is the raw material. It has the advantage that it can be used effectively as part of it, and the existing cement production equipment can be used as it is, and it enables mass treatment of sewage sludge.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing sludge treatment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF
10 Crushing means
11 Ground sludge
12 Classification method
13 Return powder
14 Treated sludge
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (1)
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JP13603595A JP3666940B2 (en) | 1995-05-10 | 1995-05-10 | How to make sewage sludge into cement |
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JP13603595A JP3666940B2 (en) | 1995-05-10 | 1995-05-10 | How to make sewage sludge into cement |
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JPH08299997A JPH08299997A (en) | 1996-11-19 |
JP3666940B2 true JP3666940B2 (en) | 2005-06-29 |
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AU2001295747A1 (en) * | 2000-10-18 | 2002-04-29 | R3 Management Limited | Improved processes and apparatus for treating sewage or like sludge |
JP2011031119A (en) * | 2009-07-29 | 2011-02-17 | Hiroshi Araki | Method and equipment for treatment of sludge |
CN109824243A (en) * | 2019-03-26 | 2019-05-31 | 盛守祥 | A kind of tandem ball milling sludge dehydration device |
CN115611496B (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2024-06-28 | 贵州航天乌江机电设备有限责任公司 | A harmless treatment device for drilling waste mud and a treatment method thereof |
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