JP3659746B2 - Absorbent articles - Google Patents
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- JP3659746B2 JP3659746B2 JP23556596A JP23556596A JP3659746B2 JP 3659746 B2 JP3659746 B2 JP 3659746B2 JP 23556596 A JP23556596 A JP 23556596A JP 23556596 A JP23556596 A JP 23556596A JP 3659746 B2 JP3659746 B2 JP 3659746B2
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- superabsorbent polymer
- absorbent
- absorbent article
- ppm
- fiber
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- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 title claims description 73
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 title claims description 73
- 229920000247 superabsorbent polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 57
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 45
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 13
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 12
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 11
- 210000001124 body fluid Anatomy 0.000 description 11
- 239000010839 body fluid Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 8
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 229920003043 Cellulose fiber Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium sulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])=O GEHJYWRUCIMESM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229920001131 Pulp (paper) Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 206010016807 Fluid retention Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 206010021639 Incontinence Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000010265 sodium sulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 229920002994 synthetic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000012209 synthetic fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 210000002700 urine Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002211 L-ascorbic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000000069 L-ascorbic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960005070 ascorbic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002504 physiological saline solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004583 superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 2
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002785 Croscarmellose sodium Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000297 Rayon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 206010040880 Skin irritation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000844 anti-bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003899 bactericide agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004061 bleaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012986 chain transfer agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002738 chelating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001010 compromised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001767 crosslinked sodium carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010947 crosslinked sodium carboxy methyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003205 fragrance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000004251 human milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000020256 human milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910017053 inorganic salt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002175 menstrual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002239 polyacrylonitrile Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002964 rayon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004627 regenerated cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036556 skin irritation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000475 skin irritation Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004243 sweat Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、使い捨ておむつや生理用ナプキン等の吸収性物品に関し、更に詳しくは、高吸収性ポリマーの劣化/分解が抑制された吸収性物品に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術及び発明が解決しようとする課題】
幼児用、大人用又は失禁者用の使い捨ておむつ、或いは婦人用の生理用ナプキン等の吸収性物品における吸収体としては、一般に、綿、パルプ及び紙等のセルロース系繊維質材料と高吸収性ポリマーとを組み合わせたものが用いられている。また、最近では、携帯性や装着性の観点から、吸収体における高吸収性ポリマーの含有割合を高くして吸収体をコンパクト化した吸収性物品も数多く提案されている。
【0003】
しかしながら、高吸収性ポリマーを含有する吸収体を用いた従来の吸収性物品、特に吸収体における高吸収性ポリマーの含有割合を高くした吸収性物品においては、尿、経血及び汗等の体液が吸収されると、体液中に含有されるL−アスコルビン酸(塩)等のラジカル発生種の作用により、体液を吸収した高吸収性ポリマーの膨潤ゲルが経時的に劣化/分解し、結果として、吸収体の体液保持性が経時的に低下して液漏れが起こり、布団、シーツ及び衣服等を体液で汚したり、また、吸収体に体重がかかった時に生じる液戻りが多くなり、装着中の快適性が損なわれることがあった。
【0004】
そこで、吸収体中の高吸収性ポリマーが体液を吸収して形成される膨潤ゲルの経時的劣化/分解を抑制し、吸収体の経時的体液保持性を安定にするための種々の方法が提案されている。例えば、特開昭63−272349号公報、特公平5−34383号公報、特開昭63−146964号公報、特開昭64−29257号公報、特開平2−255804号公報、及び特開平3−179008号公報には、上記膨潤ゲルの安定化剤として、含硫黄還元剤、含酸素還元性無機塩、金属キレート剤、多価金属酸価物、及び水溶性連鎖移動剤等を用いる方法が提案されている。しかしながら、上記各公報に記載の方法のうち、十分な効果を示すものは皮膚刺激性等の安全性に問題があり、逆に高い安全性を示すものは効果が不十分といった問題点を有している。
【0005】
従って、本発明の目的は、高吸収性ポリマーを含有する吸収体の経時的な体液保持性の低下が抑制され、吸収特性に優れた吸収性物品を提供することにある。また、本発明の目的は、高吸収性ポリマーの安定化剤を用いることなく高吸収性ポリマーの劣化/分解が抑制された吸収性物品を提供することにある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは鋭意検討した結果、吸収体を構成するセルロース系繊維における特定の金属の含有率を特定の値以下とすることにより、上記目的を達成し得る吸収性物品が得られることを知見した。
【0007】
本発明は上記知見に基づきなされたもので、液透過性の表面シート、液不透過性の裏面シート、及びこれら両シート間に介在し且つ高吸収性ポリマーとセルロース系繊維とを主な構成要素としてなる液保持性の吸収体を有する吸収性物品において、
上記セルロース系繊維の鉄含有率が0.5ppm以下であることを特徴とする吸収性物品を提供することにより上記目的を達成したものである。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の吸収性物品について詳細に説明する。
本発明の吸収性物品は、液透過性の表面シート、液不透過性の裏面シート、及びこれら両シート間に介在する液保持性の吸収体を有し、該吸収体が、高吸収性ポリマーとセルロース系繊維とを主な構成要素としてなり、該セルロース系繊維の鉄含有率が0.5ppm以下であることを特徴とするものである。
【0009】
上記吸収体は、上述の通り、上記高吸収性ポリマーと上記セルロース系繊維とを主な構成要素としてなる。好ましくは、該高吸収性ポリマーと該セルロース系繊維とは該吸収体の全重量の60%以上を占め、更に好ましくは80%以上を占める。尚、上記高吸収性ポリマー及び上記セルロース系繊維以外に上記吸収体を構成する材料としては、例えば、ポリエチレン系繊維、ポリプロピレン系繊維、ポリエステル系繊維、ポリアミド系繊維、ポリアクリロニトリル系繊維、ポリビニルアルコール系繊維等の合成繊維、及びこれら合成繊維の少なくとも2種を芯鞘型等に複合化した繊維、並びに、これらの合成繊維の少なくとも2種を混合した繊維等が挙げられる。また更に、他の構成材料としては、例えば、パルプ粉末、天然多糖類等の有機粉末、ゼオライト、活性炭、微粒子状シリカ等の無機粉体、着色剤、殺菌剤、及び香料等が挙げられる。
【0010】
上記吸収体における上記高吸収性ポリマーと上記セルロース系繊維との配合重量比は、前者:後者=30:70〜90:10であることが好ましく、45:55〜80:20であることが更に好ましい。上記高吸収性ポリマーの配合重量比が30に満たないか、又は上記セルロース系繊維の配合重量比が70を超えると、上記高吸水性ポリマーの劣化/分解が十分に抑制されない場合がある。また、上記高吸収性ポリマーの配合重量比が90を超えるか、又は上記セルロース系繊維の配合重量比が10に満たないと、上記セルロース系繊維の絡み合いが少なくなるため吸収性物品の使用中に、上記吸収体が割れたり、偏ったりする場合がある。
特に、本発明の吸収性物品においては上記高吸収性ポリマーの劣化/分解が効果的に抑制されるので、該高吸収性ポリマーの配合割合を高くすることができ、その結果、吸収体をコンパクト(薄型体)にすることができる。
【0011】
上記吸収体における上記高吸収性ポリマーの散布坪量は、吸収性物品として実用的な吸収容量が得られる点から10〜1000g/m2 であることが好ましく、20〜500g/m2 であることが更に好ましい。
一方、上記セルロース系繊維の坪量は、吸収性物品の実使用時における上記吸収体の形状保持性及び薄型化の点から20〜1200g/m2 であることが好ましく、50〜600g/m2 であることが更に好ましい。
また、上記吸収体全体の坪量は、吸収容量、形状保持性、及び薄型化の点から30〜2500g/m2 であることが好ましく、70〜1500g/m2 であることが更に好ましい。
【0012】
上記吸収体における上記高吸収性ポリマーと上記セルロース系繊維との分布状態に特に制限は無い。例えば、該高吸収性ポリマーと該セルロース系繊維とは混合された状態でもよく、該高吸収性ポリマーの層と該セルロース系繊維の層とが交互に積層された状態でもよく、或いは該セルロース系繊維の層上に該高吸収性ポリマーが散布された状態でもよい。また、該セルロース系繊維からなる紙や不織布の間に該高吸収性ポリマーが挟持された状態でもよい。
【0013】
上記セルロース系繊維は、上述の通り、その鉄含有率が0.5ppm以下である。鉄含有率を0.5ppm以下とすることにより、上記高吸収性ポリマーが体液を吸収することで形成される膨潤ゲルの劣化/分解が効果的に抑制される。上記セルロース系繊維における鉄含有率の下限に特に制限は無く、0%であることが最も好ましいが、吸収性物品の使用に支障を来さない実用的なレベルの下限は0.01ppm程度である。また、上記セルロース系繊維における鉄含有率は0.5〜0.01ppmであることが好ましく、0.3〜0.01ppmであることが更に好ましい。
【0014】
本発明により、上記セルロース系繊維の鉄含有率を0.5ppm以下とすることにより高吸収性ポリマーの実用上十分な劣化/分解の抑制効果が得られるが、上述した公報に記載されている各種安定化剤のうち、劣化/分解の抑制効果は不十分であるが安全性が高いものを併用することにより、より高い劣化/分解の抑制効果を得ることができる。
【0015】
上記セルロース系繊維を用いることにより、体液吸収後における高吸収性ポリマーの膨潤ゲルの経時的な劣化/分解が抑制される理由が定かではないが、以下の通りであると推察される。
即ち、使い捨ておむつや生理用ナプキン等の吸収性物品における吸収体として一般に用いられている綿、パルプ及び紙等のセルロース系繊維には、その製造工程で不可避的に微量の金属(一般に数ppm程度)が混入する。斯かる金属に由来する金属イオンが、体液中に含まれているL−アスコルビン酸(塩)等のラジカル発生種に対して触媒的な働きをする結果、上記高吸収性ポリマーの膨潤ゲルが経時的に劣化/分解すると考えられる。本発明者らは、この点から検討を鋭意推し進め、上記金属イオンのうち特に触媒作用が大きいものは鉄イオンであることを見い出した。鉄は上記セルロース系繊維に一般に2〜6pmm程度含有されているが、この鉄の含有量を低減させることにより、上記ラジカル発生種の反応が抑制されると考えられる。
【0016】
上記セルロース系繊維としては、吸収性物品における吸収体の構成材料として従来より用いられているものを特に制限無く用いることができ、その具体例としては、木材パルプ及び綿等の天然セルロース系繊維や、レーヨン等の再生セルロース繊維が挙げられる。
【0017】
上記セルロース系繊維における鉄の含有率(重量)を0.5ppm以下とするためには、例えば、1)綿及びパルプ等の製造過程における漂白工程後の洗浄に鉄を実質的に含有しない水(イオン交換水等)を用いる、2)紙の抄紙過程において鉄を実質的に含有しない水(イオン交換水等)を用いる、3)製品となった綿、パルプ及び紙等を亜硫酸ナトリウム等の還元剤水溶液で洗浄する等の手段を用いればよい。
【0018】
上記吸収体におけるもう一方の構成成分である上記高吸収性ポリマーとしては、吸収性物品における吸収体の構成材料として従来より用いられているものを特に制限無く用いることができ、例えば、自重の20倍以上の液体を吸収して保持し得る保持性能を有し、ゲル化する性能を有する粒子状のものが好ましい。このような高吸収性ポリマーとしては、例えば、デンプン−アクリル酸(塩)グラフト共重合体、デンプン−アクリロニトリル共重合体のケン化物、ナトリウムカルボキシメチルセルロースの架橋物、アクリル酸(塩)重合体等が挙げられる。また、上記高吸収性ポリマーとして、「ポイズSA−20」(商品名,花王株式会社製)、「アクアリックCA」〔商品名,(株)日本触媒製〕、「ダイヤウェット」(商品名,三菱油化製)、「アロンザップRS」(商品名,東亜合成製)等の市販品を用いることもできる。
【0019】
上記高吸収性ポリマーは、遠心脱水法による生理食塩水の吸水量(以下、単に「吸水量」という)が25〜65g/gであることが好ましく、25〜50g/gであることが更に好ましい。該吸水量が25g/gに満たないと体液を吸収して保持する能力に欠けることがあり、65g/gを超えると膨潤後のゲル強度が低下し、且つポリマー粒子間を体液が通過する速度が低下することがあるので上記範囲内とすることが好ましい。
【0020】
上記吸水量は以下の方法により測定される。
即ち、高吸水性ポリマー1gを生理食塩水150mlで30分間膨潤させた後、250メッシュのナイロンメッシュ袋に入れ、遠心分離機にて143Gで10分間脱水し、脱水後の全体重量を測定した。次いで、下記式(I)に従って吸水量(g/g)を算出した。
【0021】
【数1】
【0022】
尚、上述した市販の高吸収性ポリマーの吸水量は、例えば、「アクアリックCA」が30g/gであり、「アロンザップRS」が34g/gである。
【0023】
本発明の吸収性物品は、液透過性の表面シート、液不透過性の裏面シート、及びこれら両シート間に介在する液保持性の上記吸収体を有するものであり、該吸収性物品の具体例としては、幼児用、大人用又は失禁者用の使い捨ておむつ(フラットタイプ又はパンツタイプ)、婦人用の生理用ナプキン(羽付き又は羽なし)、母乳パッド及び失禁用パッド等が挙げられる。
これら各種吸収性物品の構造は、従来公知の構造と同様のものを採用することができ、また、該吸収性物品を構成する材料としても従来用いられている材料と同様のものを特に制限なく用いることができる。
【0024】
【実施例】
以下、実施例により本発明の有効性を例示する。しかしながら、本発明の範囲は斯かる実施例に制限されるものではない。
【0025】
〔実施例1〕
鉄含有率5ppmの木材パルプ〔「NB420」(商品名)、ウエアハウザー製〕を50℃の亜硫酸ナトリウム10%水溶液中に4時間浸漬した後、イオン交換水で充分に洗浄した。その後乾燥して、鉄含有率0.3ppmのパルプ(1)を得た。
上記パルプ(1)を坪量が200g/m2 になる様に積層して300mm(幅)×410mm(長さ)×5mm(厚さ)のパルプシートを得た。得られたパルプシートの中央部表面に高吸収性ポリマー〔「アクアリックCA」(商品名)、(株)日本触媒製〕を150mm(幅)×410mm(長さ)の面積に均一に8g散布して高吸収性ポリマー層を形成した。次に、上記パルプシートの左右両側部〔それぞれ75mm(幅)×410mm(長さ)の面積〕を内側に向けて(上記高吸収性ポリマー層上に)折り返し、折り返された左右両側部の側縁が互いに接する様にした。その結果、高吸収性ポリマーがパルプシートで挟持されてなる吸収体(1)を得た。
得られた吸収体(1)を、裏面シートとしての一枚のポリエチレンフィルム及び表面シートとしての一枚のポリプロピレン不織布の間に挟持させて、本発明の吸収性物品(1)(使い捨ておむつ)を得た。
【0026】
〔実施例2〕
鉄含有率3ppmのコットンリンター(バッカイ製)を50℃の亜硫酸ナトリウム10%水溶液中に4時間浸漬した後、イオン交換水で充分に洗浄した。その後乾燥して、鉄含有率0.2ppmのコットンリンター(2)を得た。
上記コットンリンター(2)を上記パルプ(1)に代えて用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして、高吸収性ポリマーがコットンシートで挟持されてなる吸収体(2)を得た。得られた吸収体(2)を吸収体(1)に代えて用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして本発明の吸収性物品(2)(使い捨ておむつ)を得た。
【0027】
〔実施例3〕
高吸収性ポリマーとして、「アロンザップRS」(商品名、東亜合成製)を用いた以外は実施例1と同様にして、吸収体(3)を得、更には、本発明の吸収性物品(3)(使い捨ておむつ)を得た。
【0028】
〔実施例4〕
高吸収性ポリマーとして、「アロンザップRS」(商品名、東亜合成製)を用いた以外は実施例2と同様にして、吸収体(4)を得、更には、本発明の吸収性物品(4)(使い捨ておむつ)を得た。
【0029】
〔比較例1〕
鉄含有率5ppmの木材パルプ〔「NB420」(商品名)、ウエアハウザー製〕を、坪量が200g/m2 になる様に積層して300mm(幅)×410mm(長さ)×5mm(厚さ)のパルプシートを得た。得られたパルプシートの中央部表面に高吸収性ポリマー〔「アクアリックCA」(商品名)、(株)日本触媒製〕を150mm(幅)×410mm(長さ)の面積に均一に8g散布して高吸収性ポリマー層を形成した。次に、上記パルプシートの左右両側部〔それぞれ75mm(幅)×410mm(長さ)の面積〕を内側に向けて(上記高吸収性ポリマー層上に)折り返し、折り返された左右両側部の側縁が互いに接する様にし、吸収体(5)を得た。
得られた吸収体(5)を裏面シートとしての一枚のポリエチレンフィルム及び表面シートとしての一枚のポリプロピレン不織布の間に挟持させて、比較品(1)(使い捨ておむつ)を得た。
【0030】
〔比較例2〕
鉄含有率3ppmのコットンリンター(バッカイ製)を、鉄含有率5ppmの木材パルプに代えて用いた以外は比較例1と同様にして、高吸収性ポリマーがコットンシートで挟持されてなる吸収体(6)を得た。得られた吸収体(6)を吸収体(5)に代えて用いた以外は比較例1と同様にして比較品(2)(使い捨ておむつ)を得た。
【0031】
〔比較例3〕
高吸収性ポリマーとして、「アロンザップRS」(商品名、東亜合成製)を用いた以外は比較例1と同様にして、吸収体(7)を得、更には、比較品(3)(使い捨ておむつ)を得た。
【0032】
〔比較例4〕
高吸収性ポリマーとして、「アロンザップRS」(商品名、東亜合成製)を用いた以外は比較例2と同様にして、吸収体(8)を得、更には、比較品(4)(使い捨ておむつ)を得た。を得た。
【0033】
<性能評価>
実施例1〜4及び比較例1〜4で得られた使い捨ておむつの性能を評価するために、高吸収性ポリマーの尿吸収後の膨潤ゲルの安定性の評価を下記の方法で行った。その結果を表1に示す。尚、表1には、用いたセルロース系繊維の鉄含有率(ppm)も併せて記載した。
【0034】
評価方法
10人のモニターを対象として各使い捨ておむつについて、計200枚の使用テストを実施し、使用後12時間経過後に回収して、吸収体における膨潤ゲルの劣化/分解を目視により確認した。
【0035】
【表1】
【0036】
表1に示す結果から明らかなように、吸収体におけるセルロース系繊維の鉄含有量を0.5ppm以下とした本発明の吸収性物品(実施例1〜4)は、比較例の吸収性物品に比して高吸収性ポリマーの尿吸収後の膨潤ゲルの劣化/分解が効果的に抑制されていることが分かる。
【0037】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、高吸収性ポリマーを含有する吸収体の経時的な体液保持性の低下が抑制され、吸収特性に優れた吸収性物品を得ることができる。
また、本発明によれば、液戻りが少なくかつ液漏れが防止された吸収性物品を得ることができる。
また、本発明の吸収性物品は、高吸収性ポリマーの安定化剤を用いていないので健康上の安全性が高い。
更に、本発明によれば、吸収体中の高吸収性ポリマーの配合割合が高くすることができ、コンパクトで携帯性がよく、装着性に優れかつ吸収特性にも優れた吸収性物品を得ることができる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an absorbent article such as a disposable diaper and a sanitary napkin, and more particularly to an absorbent article in which deterioration / decomposition of a superabsorbent polymer is suppressed.
[0002]
[Prior art and problems to be solved by the invention]
Absorbents in absorbent articles such as disposable diapers for infants, adults or incontinents, and sanitary napkins for women are generally cellulosic fibrous materials such as cotton, pulp and paper, and superabsorbent polymers. Is used in combination. Recently, from the viewpoint of portability and wearability, many absorbent articles in which the absorbent body is made compact by increasing the content of the superabsorbent polymer in the absorbent body have been proposed.
[0003]
However, in conventional absorbent articles using an absorbent containing a superabsorbent polymer, particularly absorbent articles with a high content of the superabsorbent polymer in the absorbent, body fluids such as urine, menstrual blood, and sweat When absorbed, the swelling gel of the superabsorbent polymer that absorbed the body fluid deteriorates / decomposes over time due to the action of radical generating species such as L-ascorbic acid (salt) contained in the body fluid, The fluid retention of the absorbent body decreases with time, causing liquid leakage, and the futon, sheets, clothes, etc. are soiled with body fluid. Comfort could be compromised.
[0004]
Therefore, various methods have been proposed to suppress the deterioration / decomposition of the swollen gel formed by the absorption of the body fluid by the superabsorbent polymer in the absorber and to stabilize the body fluid retention over time of the absorber. Has been. For example, JP-A-63-272349, JP-B-5-34383, JP-A-63-146964, JP-A-64-29257, JP-A-2-255804, and JP-A-3- No. 179008 proposes a method using a sulfur-containing reducing agent, an oxygen-containing reducing inorganic salt, a metal chelating agent, a polyvalent metal acid value, a water-soluble chain transfer agent, etc. as a stabilizer for the swelling gel. Has been. However, among the methods described in the above publications, those showing sufficient effects have problems with safety such as skin irritation, and those showing high safety have problems such as insufficient effects. ing.
[0005]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an absorbent article excellent in absorption characteristics, in which a decrease in body fluid retention over time of an absorbent containing a superabsorbent polymer is suppressed. Another object of the present invention is to provide an absorbent article in which deterioration / decomposition of the superabsorbent polymer is suppressed without using a stabilizer of the superabsorbent polymer.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of intensive studies, the present inventors have found that an absorbent article that can achieve the above-described object can be obtained by setting the content of a specific metal in a cellulose-based fiber constituting the absorber to a specific value or less. did.
[0007]
The present invention has been made on the basis of the above findings, and is mainly composed of a liquid-permeable top sheet, a liquid-impermeable back sheet, and a superabsorbent polymer and cellulosic fibers interposed between these sheets. In an absorbent article having a liquid-retaining absorbent as
The object is achieved by providing an absorbent article, wherein the cellulose fiber has an iron content of 0.5 ppm or less.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the absorbent article of the present invention will be described in detail.
The absorbent article of the present invention has a liquid-permeable top sheet, a liquid-impermeable back sheet, and a liquid-retaining absorbent interposed between the two sheets. The absorbent is a superabsorbent polymer. And cellulosic fibers as main components, and the iron content of the cellulosic fibers is 0.5 ppm or less.
[0009]
As described above, the absorbent body mainly includes the superabsorbent polymer and the cellulosic fiber. Preferably, the superabsorbent polymer and the cellulosic fiber occupy 60% or more of the total weight of the absorber, and more preferably 80% or more. In addition to the superabsorbent polymer and the cellulosic fiber, examples of the material constituting the absorber include polyethylene fiber, polypropylene fiber, polyester fiber, polyamide fiber, polyacrylonitrile fiber, and polyvinyl alcohol. Examples thereof include synthetic fibers such as fibers, fibers obtained by combining at least two of these synthetic fibers into a core-sheath type, and fibers obtained by mixing at least two of these synthetic fibers. Furthermore, examples of other constituent materials include organic powders such as pulp powder and natural polysaccharides, inorganic powders such as zeolite, activated carbon, and particulate silica, colorants, bactericides, and fragrances.
[0010]
The blending weight ratio of the superabsorbent polymer and the cellulosic fiber in the absorbent body is preferably the former: the latter = 30: 70 to 90:10, and more preferably 45:55 to 80:20. preferable. If the blending weight ratio of the superabsorbent polymer is less than 30 or the blending weight ratio of the cellulosic fiber exceeds 70, deterioration / decomposition of the superabsorbent polymer may not be sufficiently suppressed. In addition, when the blending weight ratio of the superabsorbent polymer exceeds 90, or the blending weight ratio of the cellulosic fiber is less than 10, the entanglement of the cellulosic fiber is reduced, and thus the absorbent article is being used. In some cases, the absorber is cracked or biased.
In particular, in the absorbent article of the present invention, deterioration / decomposition of the superabsorbent polymer is effectively suppressed, so that the blending ratio of the superabsorbent polymer can be increased, and as a result, the absorber can be made compact. (Thin body).
[0011]
The dispersion basis weight of the superabsorbent polymer in the absorbent body is preferably 10 to 1000 g / m 2 , and preferably 20 to 500 g / m 2 from the viewpoint of obtaining a practical absorption capacity as an absorbent article. Is more preferable.
On the other hand, the basis weight of the cellulose-based fiber is preferably 20 to 1200 g / m 2 from the viewpoint of shape retention and thinning of the absorbent body during actual use of the absorbent article, and 50 to 600 g / m 2. More preferably.
The basis weight of the entire absorbent body is preferably 30 to 2500 g / m 2 and more preferably 70 to 1500 g / m 2 in terms of absorption capacity, shape retention, and thickness reduction.
[0012]
There is no restriction | limiting in particular in the distribution state of the said super absorbent polymer and the said cellulose fiber in the said absorber. For example, the superabsorbent polymer and the cellulosic fiber may be mixed, the superabsorbent polymer layer and the cellulosic fiber layer may be alternately laminated, or the cellulosic fiber. The superabsorbent polymer may be dispersed on the fiber layer. Alternatively, the superabsorbent polymer may be sandwiched between paper or non-woven fabric made of the cellulosic fibers.
[0013]
As described above, the cellulose fiber has an iron content of 0.5 ppm or less. By setting the iron content to 0.5 ppm or less, deterioration / decomposition of the swollen gel formed by the superabsorbent polymer absorbing body fluid is effectively suppressed. The lower limit of the iron content in the cellulosic fiber is not particularly limited and is most preferably 0%, but the practical lower limit that does not hinder the use of the absorbent article is about 0.01 ppm. . Moreover, it is preferable that the iron content rate in the said cellulose fiber is 0.5-0.01 ppm, and it is still more preferable that it is 0.3-0.01 ppm.
[0014]
According to the present invention, a practically sufficient deterioration / decomposition suppressing effect of the superabsorbent polymer can be obtained by setting the iron content of the cellulosic fiber to 0.5 ppm or less. Of the stabilizers, the effect of suppressing deterioration / decomposition is inadequate, but by using a combination with high safety, a higher effect of suppressing deterioration / decomposition can be obtained.
[0015]
Although the reason why the deterioration / decomposition with time of the swollen gel of the superabsorbent polymer after absorption of the body fluid is suppressed by using the cellulose fiber is not clear, it is presumed as follows.
In other words, cellulosic fibers such as cotton, pulp, and paper, which are commonly used as absorbents in absorbent articles such as disposable diapers and sanitary napkins, inevitably contain trace amounts of metal (generally about several ppm) in the production process. ) Is mixed. As a result of the metal ion derived from such a metal acting as a catalyst for radical generating species such as L-ascorbic acid (salt) contained in the body fluid, the swelling gel of the superabsorbent polymer is deteriorated over time. Degradation / decomposition. The present inventors diligently studied from this point of view and found that among the above metal ions, those having particularly large catalytic action are iron ions. Iron is generally contained in the cellulosic fiber in an amount of about 2 to 6 pmm. It is considered that the reaction of the radical generating species is suppressed by reducing the iron content.
[0016]
As the cellulosic fiber, those conventionally used as a constituent material of an absorbent body in an absorbent article can be used without particular limitation. Specific examples thereof include natural cellulosic fibers such as wood pulp and cotton, And regenerated cellulose fibers such as rayon.
[0017]
In order to make the content (weight) of iron in the cellulosic fiber 0.5 ppm or less, for example, 1) water substantially free of iron in washing after the bleaching step in the production process of cotton and pulp ( 2) Use water that does not substantially contain iron in the paper making process (ion exchange water, etc.) 3) Reduce the product cotton, pulp, paper, etc. to sodium sulfite, etc. A means such as washing with an aqueous agent solution may be used.
[0018]
As the superabsorbent polymer which is the other constituent component in the absorbent body, those conventionally used as the constituent material of the absorbent body in absorbent articles can be used without any particular limitation. A particulate material having a holding performance capable of absorbing and holding twice or more liquid and having a gelling performance is preferable. Examples of such superabsorbent polymers include starch-acrylic acid (salt) graft copolymers, saponified starch-acrylonitrile copolymers, cross-linked sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, acrylic acid (salt) polymers, and the like. Can be mentioned. Further, as the superabsorbent polymer, “Poise SA-20” (trade name, manufactured by Kao Corporation), “Aquaric CA” (trade name, manufactured by Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.), “Diawet” (trade name, Commercial products such as “Mitsubishi Yuka” and “Aronzap RS” (trade name, manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.) can also be used.
[0019]
The superabsorbent polymer preferably has a physiological saline water absorption amount (hereinafter, simply referred to as “water absorption amount”) of 25 to 65 g / g, more preferably 25 to 50 g / g. . If the amount of water absorption is less than 25 g / g, the ability to absorb and retain body fluid may be lacking, and if it exceeds 65 g / g, the gel strength after swelling decreases and the rate at which body fluid passes between polymer particles May fall within the above range.
[0020]
The water absorption is measured by the following method.
That is, 1 g of a superabsorbent polymer was swollen with 150 ml of physiological saline for 30 minutes, then placed in a 250 mesh nylon mesh bag, dehydrated with a centrifuge at 143 G for 10 minutes, and the total weight after dehydration was measured. Subsequently, the amount of water absorption (g / g) was calculated according to the following formula (I).
[0021]
[Expression 1]
[0022]
In addition, the water absorption amount of the above-described commercially available superabsorbent polymer is, for example, “Aquaric CA” is 30 g / g and “Aronzap RS” is 34 g / g.
[0023]
The absorbent article of the present invention includes a liquid-permeable top sheet, a liquid-impermeable back sheet, and the liquid-retaining absorbent interposed between the two sheets. Examples include disposable diapers (flat type or pants type) for infants, adults or incontinent persons, sanitary napkins for women (with or without wings), breast milk pads, incontinence pads, and the like.
The structures of these various absorbent articles can be the same as the conventionally known structures, and the same materials as those conventionally used as the materials constituting the absorbent articles are not particularly limited. Can be used.
[0024]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the effectiveness of the present invention is illustrated by examples. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited to such embodiments.
[0025]
[Example 1]
Wood pulp with an iron content of 5 ppm ["NB420" (trade name), manufactured by Warehauser] was immersed in a 10% aqueous sodium sulfite solution at 50 ° C for 4 hours, and then thoroughly washed with ion-exchanged water. Thereafter, drying was performed to obtain a pulp (1) having an iron content of 0.3 ppm.
The pulp (1) was laminated so that the basis weight was 200 g / m 2 to obtain a pulp sheet of 300 mm (width) × 410 mm (length) × 5 mm (thickness). A superabsorbent polymer ["AQUALIC CA" (trade name), manufactured by Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.] is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the central part of the obtained pulp sheet over an area of 150 mm (width) x 410 mm (length). Thus, a superabsorbent polymer layer was formed. Next, the left and right sides of the pulp sheet [each 75 mm (width) × 410 mm (length) area] are turned inward (on the superabsorbent polymer layer), and the folded sides of the left and right sides The edges were touching each other. As a result, an absorbent body (1) in which a superabsorbent polymer was sandwiched between pulp sheets was obtained.
The obtained absorbent body (1) is sandwiched between one polyethylene film as a back sheet and one polypropylene nonwoven fabric as a top sheet, and the absorbent article (1) (disposable diaper) of the present invention is used. Obtained.
[0026]
[Example 2]
A cotton linter (made by Backay) having an iron content of 3 ppm was immersed in a 10% aqueous solution of sodium sulfite at 50 ° C. for 4 hours, and then thoroughly washed with ion-exchanged water. Thereafter, drying was performed to obtain a cotton linter (2) having an iron content of 0.2 ppm.
Except having used the said cotton linter (2) instead of the said pulp (1), it carried out similarly to Example 1, and obtained the absorber (2) by which a superabsorbent polymer was clamped with the cotton sheet. An absorbent article (2) (disposable diaper) of the present invention was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the obtained absorbent body (2) was used instead of the absorbent body (1).
[0027]
Example 3
Except that “Aronzap RS” (trade name, manufactured by Toa Gosei Co., Ltd.) was used as the superabsorbent polymer, the absorbent body (3) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, and further, the absorbent article (3 ) (Disposable diapers).
[0028]
Example 4
An absorbent body (4) was obtained in the same manner as in Example 2 except that “Aronzap RS” (trade name, manufactured by Toa Gosei Co., Ltd.) was used as the superabsorbent polymer. Further, the absorbent article (4 ) (Disposable diapers).
[0029]
[Comparative Example 1]
Iron content 5ppm of wood pulp [ "NB420" (trade name), manufactured by Weyerhaeuser] The basis weight is laminated so as to be 200 g / m 2 300 mm (width) × 410 mm (length) × 5 mm (thickness A) pulp sheet was obtained. A superabsorbent polymer ["AQUALIC CA" (trade name), manufactured by Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.] is uniformly sprayed on the surface of the central part of the obtained pulp sheet over an area of 150 mm (width) x 410 mm (length). Thus, a superabsorbent polymer layer was formed. Next, the left and right sides of the pulp sheet [each 75 mm (width) × 410 mm (length) area] are turned inward (on the superabsorbent polymer layer), and the folded sides of the left and right sides The edges were brought into contact with each other to obtain an absorbent body (5).
The obtained absorbent body (5) was sandwiched between one polyethylene film as a back sheet and one polypropylene nonwoven fabric as a top sheet to obtain a comparative product (1) (disposable diaper).
[0030]
[Comparative Example 2]
Absorbent body in which a superabsorbent polymer is sandwiched between cotton sheets in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that a cotton linter having an iron content of 3 ppm (manufactured by Baccai) was used instead of wood pulp having an iron content of 5 ppm. 6) was obtained. A comparative product (2) (disposable diaper) was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that the obtained absorbent body (6) was used instead of the absorbent body (5).
[0031]
[Comparative Example 3]
The absorbent (7) was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 1 except that “Aronzap RS” (trade name, manufactured by Toa Gosei Co., Ltd.) was used as the superabsorbent polymer. Further, the comparative product (3) (disposable diaper )
[0032]
[Comparative Example 4]
Absorber (8) was obtained in the same manner as in Comparative Example 2 except that “Aronzap RS” (trade name, manufactured by Toa Gosei Co., Ltd.) was used as the superabsorbent polymer. Further, comparative product (4) (disposable diaper ) Got.
[0033]
<Performance evaluation>
In order to evaluate the performance of the disposable diapers obtained in Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Examples 1 to 4, the stability of the swollen gel after urine absorption of the superabsorbent polymer was evaluated by the following method. The results are shown in Table 1. Table 1 also shows the iron content (ppm) of the cellulosic fibers used.
[0034]
Evaluation Method A total of 200 usage tests were performed on each disposable diaper for 10 monitors, and after 12 hours of use, the disposable diapers were collected and visually checked for deterioration / decomposition of the swollen gel in the absorbent body.
[0035]
[Table 1]
[0036]
As is clear from the results shown in Table 1, the absorbent articles (Examples 1 to 4) of the present invention in which the iron content of the cellulosic fibers in the absorbent body is 0.5 ppm or less are the absorbent articles of the comparative examples. In comparison, it can be seen that deterioration / decomposition of the swollen gel after urine absorption of the superabsorbent polymer is effectively suppressed.
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the fall of the body fluid retainability with time of the absorber containing a superabsorbent polymer is suppressed, and the absorbent article excellent in the absorption characteristic can be obtained.
Moreover, according to this invention, the absorbent article with little liquid return and the prevention of liquid leakage can be obtained.
Moreover, since the absorbent article of the present invention does not use a superabsorbent polymer stabilizer, it has high health safety.
Furthermore, according to the present invention, it is possible to increase the blending ratio of the superabsorbent polymer in the absorbent body, and to obtain an absorbent article that is compact and has good portability, excellent wearability, and excellent absorption characteristics. Can do.
Claims (2)
上記セルロース系繊維の鉄含有率が0.5ppm以下であることを特徴とする吸収性物品。Absorbency having a liquid-permeable top sheet, a liquid-impermeable back sheet, and a liquid-retaining absorbent that is interposed between the two sheets and mainly comprises a superabsorbent polymer and cellulosic fibers In goods,
An absorbent article, wherein the cellulosic fiber has an iron content of 0.5 ppm or less.
Priority Applications (1)
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JP23556596A JP3659746B2 (en) | 1996-09-05 | 1996-09-05 | Absorbent articles |
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JP23556596A JP3659746B2 (en) | 1996-09-05 | 1996-09-05 | Absorbent articles |
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JPH1075999A JPH1075999A (en) | 1998-03-24 |
JP3659746B2 true JP3659746B2 (en) | 2005-06-15 |
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JP23556596A Expired - Fee Related JP3659746B2 (en) | 1996-09-05 | 1996-09-05 | Absorbent articles |
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JP (1) | JP3659746B2 (en) |
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TWI353360B (en) | 2005-04-07 | 2011-12-01 | Nippon Catalytic Chem Ind | Production process of polyacrylic acid (salt) wate |
TWI394789B (en) | 2005-12-22 | 2013-05-01 | Nippon Catalytic Chem Ind | Water-absorbent resin composition, method of manufacturing the same, and absorbent article |
EP1837348B9 (en) | 2006-03-24 | 2020-01-08 | Nippon Shokubai Co.,Ltd. | Water-absorbing resin and method for manufacturing the same |
CN102548654A (en) | 2009-09-29 | 2012-07-04 | 株式会社日本触媒 | Particulate water absorbent and process for production thereof |
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