JP3632410B2 - Positive radiation sensitive resin composition - Google Patents
Positive radiation sensitive resin composition Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP3632410B2 JP3632410B2 JP34733097A JP34733097A JP3632410B2 JP 3632410 B2 JP3632410 B2 JP 3632410B2 JP 34733097 A JP34733097 A JP 34733097A JP 34733097 A JP34733097 A JP 34733097A JP 3632410 B2 JP3632410 B2 JP 3632410B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- group
- acid
- ene
- meth
- resin
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 title claims description 42
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 title claims description 19
- -1 4-substituted-1-naphthyltetrahydrothiophenium salt Chemical class 0.000 claims description 232
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 87
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 75
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 75
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 30
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 10
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- WLTSXAIICPDFKI-FNORWQNLSA-N (E)-3-dodecene Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C\CC WLTSXAIICPDFKI-FNORWQNLSA-N 0.000 description 51
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 37
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 32
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 28
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 27
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 14
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 12
- 150000002848 norbornenes Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 11
- FUGYGGDSWSUORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxystyrene Chemical compound OC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 FUGYGGDSWSUORM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- WDJHALXBUFZDSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetoacetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(O)=O WDJHALXBUFZDSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 10
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 9
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920002126 Acrylic acid copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 description 8
- 239000002879 Lewis base Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 7
- 150000007527 lewis bases Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 7
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 6
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 6
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)O LZCLXQDLBQLTDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000006068 polycondensation reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- JQIQJUCEFIYYOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-(4-butoxynaphthalen-1-yl)thiolan-1-ium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.C12=CC=CC=C2C(OCCCC)=CC=C1[S+]1CCCC1 JQIQJUCEFIYYOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- MAFLFBKPNBVUBH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-(4-methoxynaphthalen-1-yl)thiolan-1-ium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.C12=CC=CC=C2C(OC)=CC=C1[S+]1CCCC1 MAFLFBKPNBVUBH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- RILXKNIXOXNLMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 1-[4-[(2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy]naphthalen-1-yl]thiolan-1-ium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.C12=CC=CC=C2C(OC(C)(C)C)=CC=C1[S+]1CCCC1 RILXKNIXOXNLMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(O)=CC=CC2=C1 KJCVRFUGPWSIIH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OJVAMHKKJGICOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-hexanedione Chemical compound CC(=O)CCC(C)=O OJVAMHKKJGICOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JWAZRIHNYRIHIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-naphthol Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(O)=CC=C21 JWAZRIHNYRIHIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Piperidine Chemical compound C1CCNCC1 NQRYJNQNLNOLGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tert-Butanol Chemical compound CC(C)(C)O DKGAVHZHDRPRBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001334 alicyclic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 4
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BGTOWKSIORTVQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCC1 BGTOWKSIORTVQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 4
- CATSNJVOTSVZJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptan-2-one Chemical compound CCCCCC(C)=O CATSNJVOTSVZJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 description 4
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrogallol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1O WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000001412 tetrahydropyranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M tetramethylammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].C[N+](C)(C)C WGTYBPLFGIVFAS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- FAYMLNNRGCYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M triphenylsulfonium triflate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.C1=CC=CC=C1[S+](C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 FAYMLNNRGCYLSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- JESXATFQYMPTNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethenylphenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1C=C JESXATFQYMPTNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical class C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrolidine Chemical compound C1CCNC1 RWRDLPDLKQPQOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetylacetonate Chemical compound CC(=O)[CH-]C(C)=O CUJRVFIICFDLGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000004185 ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 238000001459 lithography Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001160 methoxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])OC(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 3
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000003808 silyl group Chemical group [H][Si]([H])([H])[*] 0.000 description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000003718 tetrahydrofuranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 150000003623 transition metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M triflate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N (+)-borneol Chemical group C1C[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MFGWMAAZYZSWMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-naphthyl)methanol Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(CO)=CC=C21 MFGWMAAZYZSWMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KQTKIMROWOIVHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-hydroxynaphthalen-1-yl)-dimethylsulfanium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.C1=CC=C2C([S+](C)C)=CC=C(O)C2=C1 KQTKIMROWOIVHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JIHQDMXYYFUGFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-triazine Chemical compound C1=NC=NC=N1 JIHQDMXYYFUGFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-Octanol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCO KBPLFHHGFOOTCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UIFFPWCSAZLTBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenylnaphthalene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(C=C)C(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 UIFFPWCSAZLTBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LNETULKMXZVUST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 LNETULKMXZVUST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001637 1-naphthyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C2C(*)=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C2=C1[H] 0.000 description 2
- RUFPHBVGCFYCNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthylamine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N)=CC=CC2=C1 RUFPHBVGCFYCNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LCJNYCWJKAWZKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-prop-1-en-2-ylnaphthalene Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(C(=C)C)=CC=CC2=C1 LCJNYCWJKAWZKZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IGGDKDTUCAWDAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-vinylnaphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C=C)=CC=CC2=C1 IGGDKDTUCAWDAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OGRAOKJKVGDSFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3,5-trimethylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=C(C)C(O)=C1 OGRAOKJKVGDSFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QWBBPBRQALCEIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dimethylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(O)=C1C QWBBPBRQALCEIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NKTOLZVEWDHZMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-xylenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(C)C(O)=C1 NKTOLZVEWDHZMU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- AOTQGWFNFTVXNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(1-adamantyl)acetic acid Chemical compound C1C(C2)CC3CC2CC1(CC(=O)O)C3 AOTQGWFNFTVXNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KJXSTIJHXKFZKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(cyclohexylmethylsulfanyl)cyclohexan-1-one;trifluoromethanesulfonic acid Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F.O=C1CCCCC1[SH+]CC1CCCCC1 KJXSTIJHXKFZKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Oxohexane Chemical compound CCCCC(C)=O QQZOPKMRPOGIEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UMEXNIBLWMPJKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-butylnon-6-enoic acid Chemical compound CCCCC(C(O)=O)CCCC=CCC UMEXNIBLWMPJKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000954 2-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])O[H] 0.000 description 2
- RFONJRMUUALMBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methanidylpropane Chemical compound CC(C)[CH2-] RFONJRMUUALMBA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BSKHPKMHTQYZBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpyridine Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=N1 BSKHPKMHTQYZBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VQGHOUODWALEFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylpyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=N1 VQGHOUODWALEFC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FDQQNNZKEJIHMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4,5-trimethylphenol Chemical compound CC1=CC(O)=CC(C)=C1C FDQQNNZKEJIHMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YCOXTKKNXUZSKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-xylenol Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1C YCOXTKKNXUZSKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- TUAMRELNJMMDMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,5-xylenol Chemical compound CC1=CC(C)=CC(O)=C1 TUAMRELNJMMDMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JJYPMNFTHPTTDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylaniline Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(N)=C1 JJYPMNFTHPTTDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JVZRCNQLWOELDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Phenylpyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=NC=C1 JVZRCNQLWOELDU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IRQWEODKXLDORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethenylbenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 IRQWEODKXLDORP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BWGIDSCWIJPQMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethenylnaphthalen-1-ol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(O)=CC=C(C=C)C2=C1 BWGIDSCWIJPQMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HCFAJYNVAYBARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-heptanone Chemical compound CCCC(=O)CCC HCFAJYNVAYBARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLSZMDLNRCVEIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methylimidazole Chemical compound CC1=CNC=N1 XLSZMDLNRCVEIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JAGRUUPXPPLSRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-prop-1-en-2-ylphenol Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 JAGRUUPXPPLSRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7H-purine Chemical compound N1=CNC2=NC=NC2=C1 KDCGOANMDULRCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1 PAYRUJLWNCNPSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylamine Chemical compound CCN QUSNBJAOOMFDIB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910015227 MoCl3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910015221 MoCl5 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-dimethylaniline Chemical compound CN(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 JLTDJTHDQAWBAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Quinoline Chemical compound N1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 SMWDFEZZVXVKRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 2
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910003091 WCl6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NVJPBZCLWGTJKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N [bis(4-tert-butylphenyl)-lambda3-iodanyl] trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)c1ccc(cc1)[I](OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F)c1ccc(cc1)C(C)(C)C NVJPBZCLWGTJKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acridine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC3=CC=CC=C3N=C21 DZBUGLKDJFMEHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
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- DFFZOPXDTCDZDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,5-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1C(O)=O DFFZOPXDTCDZDP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VAWFFNJAPKXVPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,6-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 VAWFFNJAPKXVPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FZZQNEVOYIYFPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,6-diol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC2=CC(O)=CC=C21 FZZQNEVOYIYFPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JSKSILUXAHIKNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,7-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 JSKSILUXAHIKNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZUVBIBLYOCVYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,7-diol Chemical compound C1=CC=C(O)C2=CC(O)=CC=C21 ZUVBIBLYOCVYJU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRRDCWDFRIJIQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,8-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(C(O)=O)=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 HRRDCWDFRIJIQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 PSZYNBSKGUBXEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KHARCSTZAGNHOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,3-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C(C(O)=O)C(C(=O)O)=CC2=C1 KHARCSTZAGNHOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JRNGUTKWMSBIBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,3-diol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C(O)C(O)=CC2=C1 JRNGUTKWMSBIBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RXOHFPCZGPKIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,6-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=C(C(O)=O)C=CC2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 RXOHFPCZGPKIRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MNZMMCVIXORAQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,6-diol Chemical compound C1=C(O)C=CC2=CC(O)=CC=C21 MNZMMCVIXORAQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPUMVKJOWWJPRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,7-dicarboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC(C(O)=O)=CC2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 WPUMVKJOWWJPRK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DFQICHCWIIJABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2,7-diol Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC2=CC(O)=CC=C21 DFQICHCWIIJABH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001038 naphthoyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C12)C(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000006502 nitrobenzyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002736 nonionic surfactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960002446 octanoic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920002114 octoxynol-9 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 125000002811 oleoyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])/C([H])=C([H])\C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000003452 oxalyl group Chemical group *C(=O)C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- CAIUSSCIDNEYRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxan-2-yl 5-methylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene-5-carboxylate Chemical compound C1C(C=C2)CC2C1(C)C(=O)OC1CCCCO1 CAIUSSCIDNEYRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHUBFPQGHSPRRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxan-2-yl bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene-5-carboxylate Chemical compound C1C(C=C2)CC2C1C(=O)OC1CCCCO1 MHUBFPQGHSPRRB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FGWRVVZMNXRWDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxan-2-yl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC1CCCCO1 FGWRVVZMNXRWDQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SQRBNVAUNIRPED-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolan-2-yl 5-methylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene-5-carboxylate Chemical compound C1C(C=C2)CC2C1(C)C(=O)OC1CCCO1 SQRBNVAUNIRPED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RVVWLPDCSZPLER-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxolan-2-yl bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene-5-carboxylate Chemical compound C1C(C=C2)CC2C1C(=O)OC1CCCO1 RVVWLPDCSZPLER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001312 palmitoyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N para-ethylbenzaldehyde Natural products CCC1=CC=C(C=O)C=C1 QNGNSVIICDLXHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002866 paraformaldehyde Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WNBDFALPKHFDJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentadec-3-ene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC=CCC WNBDFALPKHFDJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IYDCZCBVYAESDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentadec-4-ene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCC IYDCZCBVYAESDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethylene Natural products C1CCCC1 RGSFGYAAUTVSQA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JGTNAGYHADQMCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N perfluorobutanesulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F JGTNAGYHADQMCM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000006678 phenoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- UAKXMUQGRAINJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl 5-methylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene-5-carboxylate Chemical compound C1C(C=C2)CC2C1(C)C(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 UAKXMUQGRAINJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WLVPQQDEYVVXJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene-5-carboxylate Chemical compound C1C(C=C2)CC2C1C(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 WLVPQQDEYVVXJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940100595 phenylacetaldehyde Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004714 phosphonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000000612 phthaloyl group Chemical group C(C=1C(C(=O)*)=CC=CC1)(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000004591 piperonyl group Chemical group C(C1=CC=2OCOC2C=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229920000259 polyoxyethylene lauryl ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012673 precipitation polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001501 propionyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene carbonate Chemical compound CC1COC(=O)O1 RUOJZAUFBMNUDX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene glycol methyl ether acetate Chemical compound COCC(C)OC(C)=O LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004742 propyloxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- DLOBKMWCBFOUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound C1=C2C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C(C=C3)C2=C2C3=CC=CC2=C1 DLOBKMWCBFOUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003222 pyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007870 radical polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052702 rhenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003548 sec-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019795 sodium metasilicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003696 stearoyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000002730 succinyl group Chemical group C(CCC(=O)*)(=O)* 0.000 description 1
- LYPVBFXTKUJYDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfanium;trifluoromethanesulfonate Chemical compound [SH3+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F LYPVBFXTKUJYDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M sulfonate Chemical compound [O-]S(=O)=O BDHFUVZGWQCTTF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- MKMYRFSZYQQBFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl (4-ethenylnaphthalen-1-yl) carbonate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(OC(=O)OC(C)(C)C)=CC=C(C=C)C2=C1 MKMYRFSZYQQBFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GJWMYLFHBXEWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl (4-ethenylphenyl) carbonate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC(=O)OC1=CC=C(C=C)C=C1 GJWMYLFHBXEWNZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZBSGHGXZQOYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 5-methylbicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene-5-carboxylate Chemical compound C1C2C(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)(C)CC1C=C2 CZBSGHGXZQOYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZBMBZJUNPMEBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl bicyclo[2.2.1]hept-2-ene-5-carboxylate Chemical compound C1C2C(C(=O)OC(C)(C)C)CC1C=C2 BZBMBZJUNPMEBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001973 tert-pentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004632 tetrahydrothiopyranyl group Chemical group S1C(CCCC1)* 0.000 description 1
- VXKWYPOMXBVZSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethyltin Chemical compound C[Sn](C)(C)C VXKWYPOMXBVZSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WJCNZQLZVWNLKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiabendazole Chemical compound S1C=NC(C=2NC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)=C1 WJCNZQLZVWNLKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004308 thiabendazole Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960004546 thiabendazole Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000010296 thiabendazole Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- RAOIDOHSFRTOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-O thiolan-1-ium Chemical compound C1CC[SH+]C1 RAOIDOHSFRTOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 125000005425 toluyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004665 trialkylsilyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003852 triazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- CMHHITPYCHHOGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylborane Chemical compound CCCCB(CCCC)CCCC CMHHITPYCHHOGT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHNYVDJJCTVMGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricyclo[5.2.1.02,6]dec-8-ene Chemical compound C1=CC2CC1C1C2CCC1 WHNYVDJJCTVMGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CHKGQWQNECUXJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tricyclo[5.2.1.02,6]decane-4,8-diol Chemical compound C1C2CC(O)C1C1C2CC(O)C1 CHKGQWQNECUXJI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LALRXNPLTWZJIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylborane Chemical compound CCB(CC)CC LALRXNPLTWZJIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLZWQNRGNMXIJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylstannane Chemical compound CC[SnH](CC)CC JLZWQNRGNMXIJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triflic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C(F)(F)F ITMCEJHCFYSIIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylaluminium Chemical compound C[Al](C)C JLTRXTDYQLMHGR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WXRGABKACDFXMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethylborane Chemical compound CB(C)C WXRGABKACDFXMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- KQBSGRWMSNFIPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioxane Chemical compound C1COOOC1 KQBSGRWMSNFIPG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N triphenylamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1N(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 ODHXBMXNKOYIBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LOIHSHVELSAXQN-UHFFFAOYSA-K trirhenium nonachloride Chemical compound Cl[Re](Cl)Cl LOIHSHVELSAXQN-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 125000002221 trityl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1C([*])(C1=C(C(=C(C(=C1[H])[H])[H])[H])[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- JOHIXGUTSXXADV-UHFFFAOYSA-N undec-2-ene Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC=CC JOHIXGUTSXXADV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NVPYPLODXLUCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N undec-3-ene Chemical compound [CH2]CCCCCCC=CCC NVPYPLODXLUCNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JABYJIQOLGWMQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N undec-4-ene Chemical compound CCCCCCC=CCCC JABYJIQOLGWMQW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003774 valeryl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Materials For Photolithography (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、特定の感放射線性酸発生剤を含有し、遠紫外線、X線、荷電粒子線の如き各種の放射線を用いる微細加工に有用なレジストとして好適なポジ型感放射線性樹脂組成物に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
集積回路素子の製造に代表される微細加工の分野においては、より高い集積度を得るために、リソグラフィーにおける加工サイズの微細化が進んでおり、近年では、0.5μm以下の微細加工を再現性よく行なうことの可能な技術が必要とされている。そのため、微細加工に用いられるレジストにおいても0.5μm以下のパターンを精度よく形成することが必要であるが、従来の可視光線(波長800〜400nm)または近紫外線(波長400〜300nm)を用いる方法では、0.5μm以下の微細パターンを高精度に形成することは極めて困難である。そこで、より短波長(波長300nm以下)の放射線の利用が鋭意検討されている。
このような短波長の放射線としては、例えば、水銀灯の輝線スペクトル(波長254nm)、KrFエキシマレーザー(波長248nm)あるいはArFエキシマレーザー(波長193nm)等に代表される遠紫外線、シンクロトロン放射線等のX線、電子線等の荷電粒子線を挙げることができるが、これらのうち特にエキシマレーザーを使用するリソグラフィーが、その高出力、高効率特性等の理由から、特に注目されている。このため、リソグラフィーに用いられるレジストに関しても、エキシマレーザーにより、0.5μm以下の微細パターンを高感度かつ高解像度で再現性よく形成できることが必要とされている。
エキシマレーザー等の遠紫外線に適したレジストとしては、放射線の照射(以下、「露光」という。)により酸を生成する感放射線性酸発生剤を使用し、その酸の触媒作用によりレジストの感度を向上させた「化学増幅型レジスト」が提案されている。
このような化学増幅型レジストとしては、例えば、特開昭59−45439号公報に、t−ブチル基あるいはt−ブトキシカルボニル基で保護された樹脂と感放射線性酸発生剤との組合せが、また特開昭60−52845号公報に、シリル基で保護された樹脂と感放射線性酸発生剤との組合せが、それぞれ開示されている。またその他にも、アセタール基を含有する樹脂と感放射線性酸発生剤とを含有するレジスト(特開平2−25850号公報)等、化学増幅型レジストに関しては多くの報告がなされている。
これらの化学増幅型レジストに使用される感放射線性酸発生剤としては、例えば、トリフェニルスルホニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、トリフェニルスルホニウムヘキサフルオロアンチモネート、トリフェニルスルホニウムナフタレンスルホネート、シクロヘキシルメチル(2−オキソシクロヘキシル)スルホニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート等のオニウム塩や、2,6−ジニトロベンジルのスルホン酸エステル、トリス(メタンスルホニルオキシ)ベンゼン、ビス(シクロヘキシルスルホニル)ジアゾメタン等が使用されているが、これらの従来の感放射線性酸発生剤は、一般に感度の点で満足できず、また感度が比較的高い場合でも、解像度、パターン形状等を総合したレジスト性能の点で未だ十分とは言えない。
このような状況から、高感度であり、かつ解像度、パターン形状等にも優れた感放射線性酸発生剤の開発が強く求められている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の課題は、特に高感度であり、かつ解像度、パターン形状等にも優れたレジストパターンを形成しうるポジ型感放射線性樹脂組成物を提供することにある。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明によると、前記課題は、
(A)下記式(1−1)
【0005】
【化1】
【0006】
〔式(1−1)において、R1 およびR2 は相互に同一でも異なってもよく、水素原子または炭素数1〜4のアルキル基を示し、R3 は炭素数1〜6のアルコキシル基を示し、
A1 - は1価アニオンを示し、aは4〜7の整数、bは1〜7の整数である。〕
で表される感放射線性酸発生剤、並びに
(B1)酸解離性基を含有するアルカリ不溶性またはアルカリ難溶性の樹脂であって、該酸解離性基が解離したときにアルカリ可溶性となる樹脂
を含有することを特徴とするポジ型感放射線性樹脂組成物によって達成される。
【0008】
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
感放射線性酸発生剤
本発明で使用される感放射線性酸発生剤(以下、「酸発生剤(A)」という。)は、前記式(1−1)で表され、露光により化学変化を生じて、酸を発生する成分である。
式(1−1)において、R1 およびR2 の炭素数1〜4のアルキル基としては、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、n−プロピル基、i−プロピル基、n−ブチル基、i−ブチル基、sec−ブチル基、t−ブチル基等を挙げることができる。
また、R3 の炭素数1〜6のアルコキシル基としては、例えば、メトキシ基、エトキシ基、n−プロポキシ基、i−プロポキシ基、n−ブトキシ基、i−ブトキシ基、sec−ブトキシ基、t−ブトキシ基等等を挙げることができる。
また、A1 - の1価アニオンとしては、例えば、トリフルオロメタンスルホン酸、ノナフルオロブタンスルホン酸(例えば、式CF3CF2CF2CF2SO3Hで表されるn−ノナフルオロブタンスルホン酸)、ドデシルベンゼンスルホン酸、トルエンスルホン酸、ナフタレンスルホン酸、ピレンスルホン酸、カンファースルホン酸等のスルホン酸類に由来するスルホン酸アニオンのほか、 BF4 - 、 F6P- 、F6As- 、F6Sb- 、ClO4 - 等を挙げることができる。
【0009】
このような酸発生剤(A)は、例えば、下記式で示される反応および反応中間体を経由して合成することができる。
【0010】
【化2】
【0011】
【化3】
【0012】
酸発生剤(A)の具体例としては、
4−メトキシ−1−ナフチルテトラヒドロチオフェニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、
4−エトキシ−1−ナフチルテトラヒドロチオフェニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、
4−n−プロポキシ−1−ナフチルテトラヒドロチオフェニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、
4−n−ブトキシ−1−ナフチルテトラヒドロチオフェニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、
4−t−ブトキシ−1−ナフチルテトラヒドロチオフェニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、
4−メトキシ−1−ナフチルテトラヒドロチオフェニウム−n−ノナフルオロブタンスルホネート、
4−n−ブトキシ−1−ナフチルテトラヒドロチオフェニウム−n−ノナフルオロブタンスルホネート、
4−t−ブトキシ−1−ナフチルテトラヒドロチオフェニウム−n−ノナフルオロブタンスルホネート、
4−メトキシ−1−ナフチルテトラヒドロチオフェニウムカンファースルホネート、
4−n−ブトキシ−1−ナフチルテトラヒドロチオフェニウムカンファースルホネート、
4−t−ブトキシ−1−ナフチルテトラヒドロチオフェニウムカンファースルホネート、
等の4−置換−1−ナフチルテトラヒドロチオフェニウム塩類;
【0013】
5−メトキシ−1−ナフチルテトラヒドロチオフェニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、
5−エトキシ−1−ナフチルテトラヒドロチオフェニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、
5−n−プロポキシ−1−ナフチルテトラヒドロチオフェニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート
等の5−置換−1−ナフチルテトラヒドロチオフェニウム塩類;
【0014】
6−メトキシ−1−ナフチルテトラヒドロチオフェニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、
6−エトキシ−1−ナフチルテトラヒドロチオフェニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、
6−n−プロポキシ−1−ナフチルテトラヒドロチオフェニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート
等の6−置換−1−ナフチルテトラヒドロチオフェニウム塩類;
【0015】
7−メトキシ−1−ナフチルテトラヒドロチオフェニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、
7−エトキシ−1−ナフチルテトラヒドロチオフェニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、
7−n−プロポキシ−1−ナフチルテトラヒドロチオフェニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート
等の7−置換−1−ナフチルテトラヒドロチオフェニウム塩類;
【0017】
等を挙げることができる。
これらの酸発生剤(A)のうち、特に、4−メトキシ−1−ナフチルテトラヒドロチオフェニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、4−n−ブトキシ−1−ナフチルテトラヒドロチオフェニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、4−t−ブトキシ−1−ナフチルテトラヒドロチオフェニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、4−メトキシ−1−ナフチルテトラヒドロチオフェニウム−n−ノナフルオロブタンスルホネート、4−n−ブトキシ−1−ナフチルテトラヒドロチオフェニウム−n−ノナフルオロブタンスルホネート、4−t−ブトキシ−1−ナフチルテトラヒドロチオフェニウム−n−ノナフルオロブタンスルホネート等が好ましい。
本発明において、酸発生剤(A)は、単独でまたは2種以上を混合して使用することができる。
【0018】
また、本発明においては、所期の効果を損なわない限り、酸発生剤(A)とともに、他の酸発生剤を使用することもできる。
前記他の酸発生剤としては、例えば、オニウム塩、ハロゲン含有化合物、ジアゾケトン化合物、スルホン化合物、スルホン酸化合物等を挙げることができる。
これらの他の酸発生剤の例としては、下記のものを挙げることができる。
オニウム塩
オニウム塩としては、例えば、ヨードニウム塩、スルホニウム塩、ホスホニウム塩、ジアゾニウム塩、ピリジニウム塩等を挙げることができる。
好ましいオニウム塩の具体例としては、ジフェニルヨードニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、ジフェニルヨードニウムピレンスルホネート、ジフェニルヨードニウムドデシルベンゼンスルホネート、ビス(4−t−ブチルフェニル)ヨードニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、ビス(4−t−ブチルフェニル)ヨードニウムドデシルベンゼンスルホネート、ビス(4−t−ブチルフェニル)ヨードニウムナフタレンスルホネート、ビス(4−t−ブチルフェニル)ヨードニウムヘキサフルオロアンチモネート、トリフェニルスルホニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、トリフェニルスルホニウムヘキサフルオロアンチモネート、トリフェニルスルホニウムナフタレンスルホネート、(ヒドロキシフェニル)ベンゼンメチルスルホニウムトルエンスルホネート、1−(ナフチルアセトメチル)チオラニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、シクロヘキシルメチル(2−オキソシクロヘキシル)スルホニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、ジシクロヘキシル(2−オキソシクロヘキシル)スルホニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、ジメチル(2−オキソシクロヘキシル)スルホニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、1−ナフチルジメチルスルホニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、1−ナフチルジエチルスルホニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、1−ナフチルジ−n−プロピルスルホニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、1−ナフチルジ−i−プロピルスルホニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、4−シアノ−1−ナフチルジメチルスルホニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、4−ニトロ−1−ナフチルジメチルスルホニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、4−メチル−1−ナフチルジメチルスルホニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、4−シアノ−1−ナフチルジエチルスルホニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、4−ニトロ−1−ナフチルジエチルスルホニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、4−メチル−1−ナフチルジエチルスルホニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、4−ヒドロキシ−1−ナフチルジメチルスルホニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、5−ヒドロキシ−1−ナフチルジメチルスルホニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、6−ヒドロキシ−1−ナフチルジメチルスルホニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、7−ヒドロキシ−1−ナフチルジメチルスルホニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート等を挙げることができる。
ハロゲン含有化合物
ハロゲン含有化合物としては、例えば、ハロアルキル基含有炭化水素化合物、ハロアルキル基含有ヘテロ環状化合物等を挙げることができる。
好ましいハロゲン含有化合物の具体例としては、1,1−ビス(4−クロロフェニル)−2,2,2−トリクロロエタン、フェニル−ビス(トリクロロメチル)−s−トリアジン、メトキシフェニル−ビス(トリクロロメチル)−s−トリアジン、ナフチル−ビス(トリクロロメチル)−s−トリアジン等を挙げることができる。
ジアゾケトン化合物
ジアゾケトン化合物としては、例えば、1,3−ジケト−2−ジアゾ化合物、ジアゾベンゾキノン化合物、ジアゾナフトキノン化合物等を挙げることができる。
好ましいジアゾケトンの具体例としては、1,2−ナフトキノンジアジド−4−スルホニルクロリド、2,3,4,4’−テトラヒドロキシベンゾフェノンの1,2−ナフトキノンジアジド−4−スルホン酸エステル、1,1,1−トリス(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)エタンの1,2−ナフトキノンジアジド−4−スルホン酸エステル等を挙げることができる。
スルホン化合物
スルホン化合物としては、例えば、β−ケトスルホン、β−スルホニルスルホン等を挙げることができる。
好ましいスルホン化合物の具体例としては、4−トリスフェナシルスルホン、メシチルフェナシルスルホン、ビス(フェニルスルホニル)メタン等を挙げることができる。
スルホン酸化合物
スルホン酸化合物としては、例えば、アルキルスルホン酸エステル、アルキルスルホン酸イミド、ハロアルキルスルホン酸エステル、アリールスルホン酸エステル、イミドスルホネート等を挙げることができる。
好ましいスルホン酸化合物の具体例としては、ベンゾイントシレート、ピロガロールのトリストリフルオロメタンスルホネート、ニトロベンジル−9,10−ジエトキシアントラセン−2−スルホネート、トリフルオロメタンスルホニルビシクロ[ 2.2.1 ]ヘプト−5−エン−2,3−ジカルボキシイミド、N−ヒドロキシスクシンイミドトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、1,8−ナフタレンジカルボキシイミドトリフルオロメタンスルホネート等を挙げることができる。 これらの他の酸発生剤のうち、特に、ジフェニルヨードニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、ビス(4−t−ブチルフェニル)ヨードニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、トリフェニルスルホニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、シクロヘキシルメチル(2−オキソシクロヘキシル)スルホニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、ジシクロヘキシル(2−オキソシクロヘキシル)スルホニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、ジメチル(2−オキソシクロヘキシル)スルホニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、トリフルオロメタンスルホニルビシクロ[ 2.2.1 ]ヘプト−5−エン−2,3−ジカルボキシイミド、N−ヒドロキシスクシンイミドトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、1,8−ナフタレンジカルボキシイミドトリフルオロメタンスルホネート、4−ヒドロキシ−1−ナフチルジメチルスルホニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート等が好ましい。
これらの他の酸発生剤は、単独でまたは2種以上を混合して使用することができる。
本発明における他の酸発生剤の使用量は、酸発生剤(A)100重量部に対して、通常、20重量部以下、好ましくは10重量部以下、さらに好ましくは8重量部以下である。この場合、他の酸発生剤の使用量が20重量部を超えると、放射線に対する透過率が低くなり、組成物をレジストとして使用した場合、レジスト被膜の下部まで十分な放射線が到達せず、得られるレジストパターンの形状がテーパー状となる傾向があり、好ましくない。
【0019】
酸解離性基含有樹脂
本発明(成分(B1))において使用される酸解離性基を含有するアルカリ不溶性またはアルカリ難溶性の樹脂であって、該酸解離性基が解離したときにアルカリ可溶性となる樹脂(以下、「酸解離性基含有樹脂」という。)としては、例えば、下記樹脂(I)、樹脂(II) 等を挙げることができる。
樹脂(I)は、フェノール性水酸基、ナフトール性水酸基、カルボキシル基等の酸性官能基を1種以上含有するアルカリ可溶性樹脂中の該酸性官能基の水素原子を、1種以上の酸解離性基で置換した構造を有する樹脂からなり、それ自体としてはアルカリ不溶性またはアルカリ難溶性の樹脂である。
樹脂(II) は、主鎖に脂環式骨格を有するアルカリ不溶性またはアルカリ難溶性の酸解離性基含有樹脂からなり、それ自体としてはアルカリ不溶性またはアルカリ難溶性の樹脂である。
ここで言う「アルカリ不溶性またはアルカリ難溶性」とは、酸解離性基含有樹脂を含有する感放射線性樹脂組成物を用いて形成されるレジスト被膜からレジストパターンを形成する際に採用されるアルカリ現像条件下で、当該レジスト被膜の代わりに酸解離性基含有樹脂のみを用いた被膜を現像した場合に、当該被膜の初期膜厚の50%以上が現像後に残存する性質を意味する。
以下、樹脂(I)および樹脂(II) について順次説明する。
【0020】
樹脂(I)における酸解離性基(以下、「酸解離性基(i)」という。)としては、例えば、置換メチル基、1−置換エチル基、1−分岐アルキル基、シリル基、ゲルミル基、アルコキシカルボニル基、アシル基、環式酸解離性基等を挙げることができる。
前記置換メチル基としては、例えば、メトキシメチル基、メチルチオメチル基、エトキシメチル基、エチルチオメチル基、メトキシエトキシメチル基、ベンジルオキシメチル基、ベンジルチオメチル基、フェナシル基、ブロモフェナシル基、メトキシフェナシル基、メチルチオフェナシル基、α−メチルフェナシル基、シクロプロピルメチル基、ベンジル基、ジフェニルメチル基、トリフェニルメチル基、ブロモベンジル基、ニトロベンジル基、メトキシベンジル基、メチルチオベンジル基、エトキシベンジル基、エチルチオベンジル基、ピペロニル基、メトキシカルボニルメチル基、エトキシカルボニルメチル基、n−プロポキシカルボニルメチル基、i−プロポキシカルボニルメチル基、n−ブトキシカルボニルメチル基、t−ブトキシカルボニルメチル基等を挙げることができる。
また、前記1−置換エチル基としては、例えば、1−メトキシエチル基、1−メチルチオエチル基、1,1−ジメトキシエチル基、1−エトキシエチル基、1−エチルチオエチル基、1,1−ジエトキシエチル基、1−フェノキシエチル基、1−フェニルチオエチル基、1,1−ジフェノキシエチル基、1−ベンジルオキシエチル基、1−ベンジルチオエチル基、1−シクロプロピルエチル基、1−フェニルエチル基、1,1−ジフェニルエチル基、1−メトキシカルボニルエチル基、1−エトキシカルボニルエチル基、1−n−プロポキシカルボニルエチル基、1−i−プロポキシカルボニルエチル基、1−n−ブトキシカルボニルエチル基、1−t−ブトキシカルボニルエチル基等を挙げることができる。
また、前記1−分岐アルキル基としては、例えば、i−プロピル基、sec−ブチル基、t−ブチル基、1,1−ジメチルプロピル基、1−メチルブチル基、1,1−ジメチルブチル基等を挙げることができる。
また、前記シリル基としては、例えば、トリメチルシリル基、エチルジメチルシリル基、メチルジエチルシリル基、トリエチルシリル基、i−プロピルジメチルシリル基、メチルジ−i−ピルシリル基、トリ−i−プロピルシリル基、t−ブチルジメチルシリル基、メチルジ−t−ブチルシリル基、トリ−t−ブチルシリル基、フェニルジメチルシリル基、メチルジフェニルシリル基、トリフェニルシリル基等を挙げることができる。
また、前記ゲルミル基としては、例えば、トリメチルゲルミル基、エチルジメチルゲルミル基、メチルジエチルゲルミル基、トリエチルゲルミル基、i−プロピルジメチルゲルミル基、メチルジ−i−プロピルゲルミル基、トリ−i−プロピルゲルミル基、t−ブチルジメチルゲルミル基、メチルジ−t−ブチルゲルミル基、トリ−t−ブチルゲルミル基、フェニルジメチルゲルミル基、メチルジフェニルゲルミル基、トリフェニルゲルミル基等を挙げることができる。
また、前記アルコキシカルボニル基としては、例えば、メトキシカルボニル基、エトキシカルボニル基、i−プロポキシカルボニル基、t−ブトキシカルボニル基等を挙げることができる。
また、前記アシル基としては、例えば、アセチル基、プロピオニル基、ブチリル基、ヘプタノイル基、ヘキサノイル基、バレリル基、ピバロイル基、イソバレリル基、ラウリロイル基、ミリストイル基、パルミトイル基、ステアロイル基、オキサリル基、マロニル基、スクシニル基、グルタリル基、アジポイル基、ピペロイル基、スベロイル基、アゼラオイル基、セバコイル基、アクリロイル基、プロピオロイル基、メタクリロイル基、クロトノイル基、オレオイル基、マレオイル基、フマロイル基、メサコノイル基、カンホロイル基、ベンゾイル基、フタロイル基、イソフタロイル基、テレフタロイル基、ナフトイル基、トルオイル基、ヒドロアトロポイル基、アトロポイル基、シンナモイル基、フロイル基、テノイル基、ニコチノイル基、イソニコチノイル基、p−トルエンスルホニル基、メシル基等を挙げることができる。
さらに、前記環式酸解離性基としては、例えば、シクロプロピル基、シクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基、シクロヘキセニル基、4−メトキシシクロヘキシル基等の脂環式骨格を有する基のほか、テトラヒドロピラニル基、テトラヒドロフラニル基、テトラヒドロチオピラニル基、テトラヒドロチオフラニル基、3−ブロモテトラヒドロピラニル基、4−メトキシテトラヒドロピラニル基、4−メトキシテトラヒドロチオピラニル基、3−テトラヒドロチオフェン−1,1−ジオキシド基等を挙げることができる。
これらの酸解離性基(i)のうち、t−ブチル基、t−ブトキシカルボニル基、1−メトキシエチル基、1−エトキシエチル基、1−n−ブトキシエチル基、テトラヒドロピラニル基、メチルテトラヒドロピラニル基、テトラヒドロフラニル基、メチルテトラヒドロフラニル基等が好ましい。
樹脂(I)における酸解離性基(i)の含有率(酸解離性基含有樹脂中の酸性官能基と酸解離性基(i)との合計数に対する酸解離性基の数の割合)は、好ましくは5〜100%、さらに好ましくは20〜100%である。この場合、酸解離性基(i)の含有率が5%未満では、レジストとしての解像度が低下する傾向がある。
【0021】
樹脂(I)は、例えば、
(イ)予め製造したアルカリ可溶性樹脂に1種以上の酸解離性基(i)を導入する方法、
(ロ)1種以上の酸解離性基(i)を有する重合性不飽和化合物を(共)重合する方法、
(ハ)1種以上の酸解離性基(i)を有する重縮合性成分を(共)重縮合する方法等により製造することができる。
【0022】
前記(イ)の方法に使用されるアルカリ可溶性樹脂としては、例えば、酸性官能基を有する繰返し単位を1種以上有する付加重合系樹脂あるいは重縮合系樹脂を挙げることができる。
前記付加重合系のアルカリ可溶性樹脂における酸性官能基を有する繰返し単位としては、例えば、
o−ヒドロキシスチレン、m−ヒドロキシスチレン、p−ヒドロキシスチレン、o−ヒドロキシ−α−メチルスチレン、m−ヒドロキシ−α−メチルスチレン、p−ヒドロキシ−α−メチルスチレン、p−カルボキシスチレン、p−カルボキシメチルスチレン、p−(2−カルボキシエチル)スチレン、p−カルボキシメトキシスチレン、p−(2−カルボキシエトキシ)スチレン、p−カルボキシメチルカルボニルオキシスチレン、p−(2−カルボキシエチル)カルボニルオキシスチレン等の(α−メチル)スチレン誘導体;
2−ヒドロキシ−1−ビニルナフタレン、3−ヒドロキシ−1−ビニルナフタレン、4−ヒドロキシ−1−ビニルナフタレン、5−ヒドロキシ−1−ビニルナフタレン、6−ヒドロキシ−1−ビニルナフタレン、7−ヒドロキシ−1−ビニルナフタレン、8−ヒドロキシ−1−ビニルナフタレン、2−ヒドロキシ−1−イソプロペニルナフタレン、3−ヒドロキシ−1−イソプロペニルナフタレン、4−ヒドロキシ−1−イソプロペニルナフタレン、5−ヒドロキシ−1−イソプロペニルナフタレン、6−ヒドロキシ−1−イソプロペニルナフタレン、7−ヒドロキシ−1−イソプロペニルナフタレン、8−ヒドロキシ−1−イソプロペニルナフタレン、2−カルボキシ−1−ビニルナフタレン、3−カルボキシ−1−ビニルナフタレン、4−カルボキシ−1−ビニルナフタレン、5−カルボキシ−1−ビニルナフタレン、6−カルボキシ−1−ビニルナフタレン、7−カルボキシ−1−ビニルナフタレン、8−カルボキシ−1−ビニルナフタレン等のビニルナフタレン誘導体あるいはイソプロペニルナフタレン誘導体;
(メタ)アクリル酸、クロトン酸、マレイン酸、フマル酸、イタコン酸、シトラコン酸、メサコン酸、けい皮酸等の不飽和カルボン酸類;
(メタ)アクリル酸2−カルボキシエチル、(メタ)アクリル酸2−カルボキシプロピル、(メタ)アクリル酸3−カルボキシプロピル、(メタ)アクリル酸4−カルボキシブチル等のカルボキシル基含有不飽和カルボン酸エステル類
等の酸性官能基を有する重合性不飽和化合物中の重合性不飽和結合が開裂した単位を挙げることができる。
これらの繰返し単位のうち、p−ヒドロキシスチレン、p−ヒドロキシ−α−メチルスチレン、p−カルボキシスチレン、(メタ)アクリル酸等の重合性不飽和結合が開裂した単位が好ましい。
【0023】
付加重合系のアルカリ可溶性樹脂は、酸性官能基を有する繰返し単位のみから構成されていてもよいが、得られる樹脂がアルカリ可溶性である限り、他の重合性不飽和化合物の重合性不飽和結合が開裂した繰返し単位を1種以上含有することができる。
前記他の重合性不飽和化合物としては、例えば、スチレン、α−メチルスチレン、4−t−ブチルスチレン、4−t−ブチル−α−メチルスチレン、1−ビニルナフタレン、4−メチル−1−ビニルナフタレン、5−メチル−1−ビニルナフタレン、1−イソプロペニルナフタレン、4−クロロ−1−ビニルナフタレン、5−クロロ−1−ビニルナフタレン、4−メトキシ−1−ビニルナフタレン、5−メトキシ−1−ビニルナフタレン等のビニル芳香族化合物;(メタ)アクリル酸メチル、(メタ)アクリル酸エチル、(メタ)アクリル酸n−プロピル、(メタ)アクリル酸n−ブチル、(メタ)アクリル酸2−ヒドロキシエチル、(メタ)アクリル酸2−ヒドロキシプロピル、(メタ)アクリル酸3−ヒドロキシプロピル等の(メタ)アクリル酸エステル類のほか、(メタ)アクリル酸ノルボルニル、(メタ)アクリル酸イソボルニル、(メタ)アクリル酸トリシクロデカニル、(メタ)アクリル酸ジシクロペンテニル、(メタ)アクリル酸アダマンチル等のエステル基中に脂環式骨格を有する(メタ)アクリル酸エステル類;酢酸ビニル、プロピオン酸ビニル、酪酸ビニル等のビニスエステル類;(メタ)アクリロニトリル、α−クロロアクリロニトリル、クロトンニトリル、マレインニトリル、フマロニトリル、メサコンニトリル、シトラコンニトリル、イタコンニトリル等の不飽和ニトリル化合物;(メタ)アクリルアミド、N,N−ジメチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、クロトンアミド、マレインアミド、フマルアミド、メサコンアミド、シトラコンアミド、イタコンアミド等の不飽和アミド化合物;N−ビニル−ε−カプロラクタム、N−ビニルピロリドン、ビニルピリジン、ビニルイミダゾール等の他の含窒素ビニル化合物等を挙げることができる。
これらの他の重合性不飽和化合物のうち、スチレン、α−メチルスチレン、(メタ)アクリル酸メチル、(メタ)アクリル酸2−ヒドロキシエチル、(メタ)アクリル酸2−ヒドロキシプロピルや、(メタ)アクリル酸イソボルニル、(メタ)アクリル酸トリシクロデカニル、(メタ)アクリル酸ジシクロペンテニル、(メタ)アクリル酸アダマンチル等のエステル基中に脂環式骨格を有する(メタ)アクリル酸エステル類等が好ましい。
【0024】
また、前記重縮合系のアルカリ可溶性樹脂は、1種以上のフェノール類と1種以上のアルデヒド類とを、場合により他の繰返し単位を形成しうる重縮合成分とともに、酸性触媒の存在下、水媒質中または水と親水性溶媒との混合媒質中で重縮合することによって製造することができる。
前記フェノール類としては、例えば、フェノール、o−クレゾール、m−クレゾール、p−クレゾール、2,3−キシレノール、2,4−キシレノール、2,5−キシレノール、3,4−キシレノール、3,5−キシレノール、2,3,5−トリメチルフェノール、3,4,5−トリメチルフェノール、レゾルシノール、カテコール、ピロガロール、1−ナフトール、2−ナフトール等を挙げることができ、また前記アルデヒド類としては、例えば、ホルムアルデヒド、トリオキサン、パラホルムアルデヒド、ベンズアルデヒド、アセトアルデヒド、プロピルアルデヒド、フェニルアセトアルデヒド等を挙げることができる。
付加重合系および重縮合系のアルカリ可溶性樹脂における酸性官能基を有する繰返し単位の含有率は、該繰返し単位および他の繰返し単位の種類により一概に規定できないが、通常、10〜100モル%、好ましくは15〜100モル%である。
【0025】
(ロ)の方法に使用される酸解離性基(i)を有する重合性不飽和化合物としては、例えば、前記(イ)の方法で例示した酸性官能基を有する重合性不飽和化合物中の該酸性官能基の水素原子を、酸解離性基(i)で置換した化合物を挙げることができ、また、(ハ)の方法に使用される酸解離性基(i)を有する重縮合性成分としては、例えば、前記(イ)の方法で例示したフェノール類のフェノール性水酸基の水素原子を酸解離性基(i)で置換した化合物とアルデヒド類とを挙げることができる。
(ロ)あるいは(ハ)の方法においても、酸解離性基(i)を有する重合性不飽和化合物あるいは酸解離性基(i)を有する重縮合性成分以外に、他の重合性不飽和化合物あるいは他の重縮合性成分を、通常、60重量%以下、好ましくは50重量%以下の量で使用することもできる。
(イ)の方法における付加重合系のアルカリ可溶性樹脂を製造する際の重合および(ロ)の方法における重合は、例えば、ラジカル重合開始剤、アニオン重合触媒、配位アニオン重合触媒、カチオン重合触媒等を適宜に選定し、塊状重合、溶液重合、沈澱重合、乳化重合、懸濁重合、塊状−懸濁重合等の適宜の重合方法により実施することができる。
【0026】
本発明における好ましい樹脂(I)の具体例は、下記のとおりである。
4−t−ブトキシスチレン/4−ヒドロキシスチレン共重合体、4−t−ブトキシカルボニルオキシスチレン/4−ヒドロキシスチレン共重合体、4−(1−エトキシエトキシ)スチレン/4−ヒドロキシスチレン共重合体、4−(1−n−ブトキシエトキシ)スチレン/4−ヒドロキシスチレン共重合体、4−テトラヒドロピラニルオキシスチレン/4−ヒドロキシスチレン共重合体、4−メチルテトラヒドロピラニルオキシスチレン/4−ヒドロキシスチレン共重合体、4−テトラヒドロフラニルオキシスチレン/4−ヒドロキシスチレン共重合体、4−メチルテトラヒドロフラニルオキシスチレン/4−ヒドロキシスチレン共重合体等のスチレン系樹脂;
4−t−ブトキシ−1−ビニルナフタレン/4−ヒドロキシ−1−ビニルナフタレン共重合体、4−t−ブトキシカルボニルオキシ−1−ビニルナフタレン/4−ヒドロキシ−1−ビニルナフタレン共重合体、4−(1−エトキシエトキシ)−1−ビニルナフタレン/4−ヒドロキシ−1−ビニルナフタレン共重合体、4−(1−n−ブトキシエトキシ)−1−ビニルナフタレン/4−ヒドロキシ−1−ビニルナフタレン共重合体、4−テトラヒドロピラニルオキシ−1−ビニルナフタレン/4−ヒドロキシ−1−ビニルナフタレン共重合体、4−メチルテトラヒドロピラニルオキシ−1−ビニルナフタレン/4−ヒドロキシ−1−ビニルナフタレン共重合体、4−テトラヒドロフラニルオキシ−1−ビニルナフタレン/4−ヒドロキシ−1−ビニルナフタレン共重合体、4−メチルテトラヒドロフラニルオキシ−1−ビニルナフタレン/4−ヒドロキシ−1−ビニルナフタレン共重合体等のビニルナフタレン系樹脂;
【0027】
(メタ)アクリル酸t−ブチル/(メタ)アクリル酸トリシクロデカニル/(メタ)アクリル酸共重合体、(メタ)アクリル酸t−ブトキシカルボニル/(メタ)アクリル酸トリシクロデカニル/(メタ)アクリル酸共重合体、(メタ)アクリル酸1−エトキシエチル/(メタ)アクリル酸トリシクロデカニル/(メタ)アクリル酸共重合体、(メタ)アクリル酸1−ブトキシエチル/(メタ)アクリル酸トリシクロデカニル/(メタ)アクリル酸共重合体、(メタ)アクリル酸テトラヒドロピラニル/(メタ)アクリル酸トリシクロデカニル/(メタ)アクリル酸共重合体、(メタ)アクリル酸メチルテトラヒドロピラニル/(メタ)アクリル酸トリシクロデカニル/(メタ)アクリル酸共重合体、(メタ)アクリル酸テトラヒドロフラニル/(メタ)アクリル酸トリシクロデカニル/(メタ)アクリル酸共重合体、(メタ)アクリル酸メチルテトラヒドロフラニル/(メタ)アクリル酸トリシクロデカニル/(メタ)アクリル酸共重合体、
(メタ)アクリル酸t−ブチル/(メタ)アクリル酸トリシクロデカニル/(メタ)アクリル酸2−ヒドロキシプロピル共重合体、(メタ)アクリル酸t−ブトキシカルボニル/(メタ)アクリル酸トリシクロデカニル/(メタ)アクリル酸2−ヒドロキシプロピル共重合体、(メタ)アクリル酸1−エトキシエチル/(メタ)アクリル酸トリシクロデカニル/(メタ)アクリル酸2−ヒドロキシプロピル共重合体、(メタ)アクリル酸1−ブトキシエチル/(メタ)アクリル酸トリシクロデカニル/(メタ)アクリル酸2−ヒドロキシプロピル共重合体、(メタ)アクリル酸テトラヒドロピラニル/(メタ)アクリル酸トリシクロデカニル/(メタ)アクリル酸2−ヒドロキシプロピル共重合体、(メタ)アクリル酸メチルテトラヒドロピラニル/(メタ)アクリル酸トリシクロデカニル/(メタ)アクリル酸2−ヒドロキシプロピル共重合体、(メタ)アクリル酸テトラヒドロフラニル/(メタ)アクリル酸トリシクロデカニル/(メタ)アクリル酸2−ヒドロキシプロピル共重合体、(メタ)アクリル酸メチルテトラヒドロフラニル/(メタ)アクリル酸トリシクロデカニル/(メタ)アクリル酸2−ヒドロキシプロピル共重合体等の(メタ)アクリル系樹脂。
【0028】
次に、樹脂(II)において、脂環式骨格としては、例えば、シクロアルカン類に由来する骨格のように単環でも、ビシクロ[ 2.2.1] ヘプタン、テトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカン等に由来する骨格のように多環でもよい。
樹脂(II)における酸解離性基は、適宜の位置に存在することができるが、前記脂環式骨格に存在することが好ましい。また、前記脂環式骨格は、酸解離性基以外の置換基、例えば、ハロゲン原子、炭素数1〜10の炭化水素基、炭素数1〜10のハロゲン化炭化水素基等を1種以上有することもできる。
樹脂(II)としては、下記式(2)または式(3)で表される繰返し単位を1種以上有する樹脂が好ましい。
【0029】
【化4】
【0030】
【化5】
【0031】
〔式(2)および式(3)において、nは0または1であり、AおよびBは相互に独立に水素原子、ハロゲン原子、炭素数1〜10の炭化水素基または炭素数1〜10のハロゲン化炭化水素基を示し、XおよびYは相互に独立に水素原子、ハロゲン原子、炭素数1〜10の炭化水素基、炭素数1〜10のハロゲン化炭化水素基または酸解離性基を示し、かつXおよびYの少なくとも一つは酸解離性基である。〕
式(2)および式(3)における酸解離性基(以下、「酸解離性基(ii) 」という。)としては、−R9 COOR10、−R9 OCOR11もしくは−R9 CN{但し、R9 は−(CH2)i −を示し、iは0〜4の整数であり、R10は炭素数1〜10の炭化水素基、炭素数1〜10のハロゲン化炭化水素基、テトラヒドロフラニル基、テトラヒドロピラニル基、カルボブトキシメチル基、カルボブトキシエチル基、カルボブトキシプロピル基もしくはトリアルキルシリル基(但し、アルキル基の炭素数は1〜4である。)を示し、R11は炭素数1〜10の炭化水素基または炭素数1〜10のハロゲン化炭化水素基を示す。}、またはXとYが脂環式骨格中の炭素原子と結合して形成した、式
【0032】
【化6】
【0033】
{但し、R12は水素原子、ハロゲン原子、炭素数1〜8のアルキル基もしくは炭素数1〜4の−SO2 R13(但し、R13は炭素数1〜4のアルキル基もしくは炭素数1〜4のハロゲン化アルキル基である。)を示す。}で表される含酸素複素環構造あるいは含窒素複素環構造が好ましい。
【0034】
酸解離性基(ii) において、−R9 COOR10としては、例えば、メトキシカルボニル基、エトキシカルボニル基、n−プロポキシカルボニル基、i−プロポキシカルボニル基、n−ブトキシカルボニル基、i−ブトキシカルボニル基、sec−ブトキシカルボニル基、t−ブトキシカルボニル基、n−ペンチルオキシカルボニル基、n−ヘキシルオキシカルボニル基、n−ヘプチルオキシカルボニル基、n−オクチルオキシカルボニル基、n−デシルオキシカルボニル基、シクロペンチルオキシカルボニル基、シクロヘキシルオキシカルボニル基、4−t−ブチルシクロヘキシルオキシカルボニル基、シクロヘプチルオキシカルボニル基、シクロオクチルオキシカルボニル基等の(シクロ)アルコキシカルボニル基;フェノキシカルボニル基、4−t−ブチルフェノキシカルボニル基、1−ナフチルオキシカルボニル基等のアリーロキシカルボニル基;ベンジルオキシカルボニル基、4−t−ブチルベンジルオキシカルボニル基等のアラルキルオキシカルボニル基;メトキシカルボニルメチル基、エトキシカルボニルメチル基、n−プロポキシカルボニルメチル基、i−プロポキシカルボニルメチル基、n−ブトキシカルボニルメチル基、i−ブトキシカルボニルメチル基、sec−ブトキシカルボニルメチル基、t−ブトキシカルボニルメチル基、シクロヘキシルオキシカルボニルメチル基、4−t−ブチルシクロヘキシルオキシカルボニルメチル基等の(シクロ)アルコキシカルボニルメチル基;フェノキシカルボニルメチル基、1−ナフチルオキシカルボニルメチル基等のアリーロキシカルボニルメチル基;ベンジルオキシカルボニルメチル基、4−t−ブチルベンジルオキシカルボニルメチル基等のアラルキルオキシカルボニルメチル基;2−メトキシカルボニルエチル基、2−エトキシカルボニルエチル基、2−n−プロポキシカルボニルエチル基、2−i−プロポキシカルボニルエチル基、2−n−ブトキシカルボニルエチル基、2−i−ブトキシカルボニルエチル基、2−sec−ブトキシカルボニルエチル基、2−t−ブトキシカルボニルエチル基、2−シクロヘキシルオキシカルボニルエチル基、2−(4−ブチルシクロヘキシルオキシカルボニル)エチル基等の(シクロ)アルコキシカルボニルエチル基;2−フェノキシカルボニルエチル基、2−(1−ナフチルオキシカルボニル)エチル基等の2−アリーロキシカルボニルエチル基;2−ベンジルオキシカルボニルエチル基、2−(4−t−ブチルベンジルオキシカルボニル)エチル基等の2−アラルキルオキシカルボニルエチル基等を挙げることができる。
【0035】
また、−R9 OCOR11としては、例えば、アセチルオキシ基、プロピオニルオキシ基、ブチリルオキシ基、バレリルオキシ基、カプロイルオキシ基、ヘプタノイルオキシ基、オクタノイルオキシ基、ノナノイルオキシ基、デカノイルオキシ基、ウンデカノイルオキシ基、シクロヘキシルカルボニルオキシ基、4−t−ブチルシクロヘキシルカルボニルオキシ基等の(シクロ)アシロキシ基;ベンゾイルオキシ基、4−t−ブチルベンゾイルオキシ基、1−ナフトイルオキシ基等のアリールカルボニルオキシ基;ベンジルカルボニルオキシ基、4−t−ブチルベンジルカルボニルオキシ基等のアラルキルカルボニルオキシ基;アセチルオキシカルボニルメチル基、プロピオニルオキシカルボニルメチル基、ブチリルオキシカルボニルメチル基、シクロヘキシルカルボニルオキシメチル基、4−t−ブチルシクロヘキシルカルボニルオキシメチル基等の(シクロ)アシロキシメチル基;ベンゾイルオキシメチル基、1−ナフトイルオキシメチル基等のアリールカルボニルオキシメチル基;ベンジルカルボニルオキシメチル基、4−t−ブチルベンジルカルボニルオキシメチル基等のアラルキルカルボニルオキシメチル基;2−アセチルオキシエチル基、2−プロピオニルオキシエチル基、2−ブチリルオキシエチル基、2−シクロヘキシルカルボニルオキシエチル基、2−(4−t−ブチルシクロヘキシルカルボニルオキシ)エチル基等の2−(シクロ)アシロキシエチル基;2−ベンゾイルオキシエチル基、2−(1−ナフトイルオキシ)エチル基等の2−アリールカルボニルオキシエチル基;2−ベンジルカルボニルオキシエチル基、2−(4−t−ブチルベンジルカルボニルオキシ)エチル基等の2−アラルキルカルボニルオキシエチル基等を挙げることができる。
また、−R9 CNとしては、例えば、シアノ基、シアノメチル基、2−シアノエチル基、2−シアノプロピル基、3−シアノプロピル基、4−シアノブチル基等を挙げることができる。
これらの酸解離性基(ii) のうち、−R9 COOR10が好ましく、さらに好ましくは−COOR10であり、特に好ましくはメトキシカルボニル基、t−ブトキシカルボニル基、テトラヒドロピラニルオキシカルボニル基、ジカルボキシアンハイドライド基等である。
【0036】
さらに、式(2)および式(3)におけるA、B、XおよびYのハロゲン原子としては、例えば、F、Cl、Br、I等を挙げることができ、また炭素数1〜10の1価の炭化水素基としては、例えば、メチル基、エチル基、n−プロピル基、i−プロピル基、n−ブチル基、i−ブチル基、sec−ブチル基、t−ブチル基、n−ヘキシル基、n−オクチル基、n−デシル基、シクロペンチル基、シクロヘキシル基、シクロヘプチル基、シクロオクチル基等の(シクロ)アルキル基;フェニル基、4−t−ブチルフェニル基、1−ナフチル基等のアリール基;ベンジル基、4−t−ブチルベンジル基等のアラルキル基等を挙げることができ、また炭素数1〜10の1価のハロゲン化炭化水素基としては、例えば、前記炭素数1〜10の1価の炭化水素基のハロゲン化誘導体を挙げることができる。
【0037】
樹脂(II) は、例えば、下記(ニ)〜(チ)の方法により製造することができる。
(ニ)式(2)または式(3)で表される繰返し単位に対応する酸解離性基(ii) 含有ノルボルネン誘導体(以下、これらの誘導体をまとめて「ノルボルネン誘導体(α)」という。)を、場合により、開環共重合可能な他の不飽和脂環式化合物とともに、開環(共)重合する方法、
(ホ)ノルボルネン誘導体(α)と、エチレン、無水マレイン酸等の共重合可能な不飽和化合物とを、ラジカル共重合する方法、
(ヘ)前記(ニ)または(ホ)の方法により得られた樹脂を、常法により部分的に加水分解および/または加溶媒分解する方法、
(ト)前記(ヘ)の方法により得られた樹脂中の酸性官能基の少なくとも一部に、常法により酸解離性基(ii) を導入する方法、
(チ)式(2)または式(3)で表される繰返し単位に対応する酸解離性基(ii) 含有ノルボルネン誘導体中の該酸解離性基(ii) が解離した酸性官能基を含有するノルボルネン誘導体(以下、これらの誘導体をまとめて「ノルボルネン誘導体(β)」という。)を、開環(共)重合あるいはラジカル共重合して得られた(共)重合体中の該酸性官能基の少なくとも一部に、常法により酸解離性基(ii) を導入する方法。
【0038】
前記ノルボルネン誘導体(α)としては、例えば、
5−メトキシカルボニルビシクロ[ 2.2.1] ヘプト−2−エン、
5−エトキシカルボニルビシクロ[ 2.2.1] ヘプト−2−エン、
5−n−プロポキシカルボニルビシクロ[ 2.2.1] ヘプト−2−エン、
5−i−プロポキシカルボニルビシクロ[ 2.2.1] ヘプト−2−エン、
5−n−ブトキシカルボニルビシクロ[ 2.2.1] ヘプト−2−エン、
5−t−ブトキシカルボニルビシクロ[ 2.2.1] ヘプト−2−エン、
5−シクロヘキシルオキシカルボニルビシクロ[ 2.2.1] ヘプト−2−エン、
5−(4’−t−ブチルシクロヘキシルオキシ)カルボニルビシクロ[ 2.2.1] ヘプト−2−エン、
5−フェノキシカルボニルビシクロ[ 2.2.1] ヘプト−2−エン、
5−テトラヒドロフラニルオキシカルボニルビシクロ[ 2.2.1] ヘプト−2−エン、
5−テトラヒドロピラニルオキシカルボニルビシクロ[ 2.2.1] ヘプト−2−エン、
5−アセチルオキシビシクロ[ 2.2.1] ヘプト−2−エン、
5−シアノビシクロ[ 2.2.1] ヘプト−2−エン、
5−メチル−5−メトキシカルボニルビシクロ[ 2.2.1] ヘプト−2−エン、
5−メチル−5−エトキシカルボニルビシクロ[ 2.2.1] ヘプト−2−エン、
5−メチル−5−n−プロポキシカルボニルビシクロ[ 2.2.1] ヘプト−2−エン、
5−メチル−5−i−プロポキシカルボニルビシクロ[ 2.2.1] ヘプト−2−エン、
5−メチル−5−n−ブトキシカルボニルビシクロ[ 2.2.1] ヘプト−2−エン、
5−メチル−5−t−ブトキシカルボニルビシクロ[ 2.2.1] ヘプト−2−エン、
5−メチル−5−シクロヘキシルオキシカルボニルビシクロ[ 2.2.1] ヘプト−2−エン、
5−メチル−5−(4’−t−ブチルシクロヘキシルオキシ)カルボニルビシクロ[ 2.2.1] ヘプト−2−エン、
5−メチル−5−フェノキシカルボニルビシクロ[ 2.2.1] ヘプト−2−エン、
5−メチル−5−テトラヒドロフラニルオキシカルボニルビシクロ[ 2.2.1] ヘプト−2−エン、
5−メチル−5−テトラヒドロピラニルオキシカルボニルビシクロ[ 2.2.1] ヘプト−2−エン、
5,6−ジカルボキシアンハイドライドビシクロ[ 2.2.1] ヘプト−2−エン,
【0039】
8−メトキシカルボニルテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8−エトキシカルボニルテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8−n−プロポキシカルボニルテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8−i−プロポキシカルボニルテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8−n−ブトキシカルボニルテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8−t−ブトキシカルボニルテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8−シクロヘキシルオキシカルボニルテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .
17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8−(4’−t−ブチルシクロヘキシルオキシ)カルボニルテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8−フェノキシカルボニルテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8−テトラヒドロフラニルオキシカルボニルテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]−3−ドデセン、
8−テトラヒドロピラニルオキシカルボニルテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]−3−ドデセン、
8−メチル−8−メトキシカルボニルテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .
17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8−メチル−8−エトキシカルボニルテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .
17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8−メチル−8−n−プロポキシカルボニルテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8−メチル−8−i−プロポキシカルボニルテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8−メチル−8−n−ブトキシカルボニルテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8−メチル−8−t−ブトキシカルボニルテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8−メチル−8−シクロヘキシルオキシカルボニルテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8−メチル−8−(4’−t−ブチルシクロヘキシルオキシ)カルボニルテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8−メチル−8−フェノキシカルボニルテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .
17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8−メチル−8−テトラヒドロフラニルオキシカルボニルテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]−3−ドデセン、
8−メチル−8−テトラヒドロピラニルオキシカルボニルテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]−3−ドデセン、
8,9−ジカルボキシアンハイドライドテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .
17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン
等を挙げることができる。
これらのノルボルネン誘導体(α)は、単独でまたは2種以上を混合して使用することができる。
【0040】
ノルボルネン誘導体(α)と開環共重合可能な他の不飽和脂環式化合物としては、例えば、
ビシクロ[ 2.2.1] ヘプト−2−エン、
ビシクロ[ 2.2.1] ヘプト−2−エン−5−カルボキシリックアシド、
5−メチルビシクロ[ 2.2.1] ヘプト−2−エン−5−カルボキシリックアシド、
5−メチルビシクロ[ 2.2.1] ヘプト−2−エン、
5−エチルビシクロ[ 2.2.1] ヘプト−2−エン、
テトラシクロ [4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8−メチルテトラシクロ [4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8−エチルテトラシクロ [4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
テトラシクロ [4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン−8−カルボキシリックアシド、
8−メチルテトラシクロ [4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン−8−カルボキシリックアシド、
8−フルオロテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8−フルオロメチルテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8−ジフルオロメチルテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8−トリフルオロメチルテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8−ペンタフルオロエチルテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8,8−ジフルオロテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8,9−ジフルオロテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8,8−ビス(トリフルオロメチル)テトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .
17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8,9−ビス(トリフルオロメチル)テトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .
17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8−メチル−8−トリフルオロメチルテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .
17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8,8,9−トリフルオロテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8,8,9−トリス(トリフルオロメチル)テトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8,8,9,9−テトラフルオロテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8,8,9,9−テトラキス(トリフルオロメチル)テトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8,8−ジフルオロ−9,9−ビス(トリフルオロメチル)テトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8,9−ジフルオロ−8,9−ビス(トリフルオロメチル)テトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8,8,9−トリフルオロ−9−トリフルオロメチルテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8,8,9−トリフルオロ−9−トリフルオロメトキシテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8,8,9−トリフルオロ−9−ペンタフルオロプロポキシテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8−フルオロ−8−ペンタフルオロエチル−9,9−ビス(トリフルオロメチル)テトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8,9−ジフルオロ−8−i−ヘプタフルオロプロピル−9−トリフルオロメチルテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8−クロロ−8,9,9−トリフルオロテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .
17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8,9−ジクロロ−8,9−ビス(トリフルオロメチル)テトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8−(2,2,2−トリフルオロカルボキシエチル)テトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
8−メチル−8−(2,2,2−トリフルオロカルボキシエチル)テトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10 ]ドデカ−3−エン、
シクロブテン、シクロペンテン、シクロオクテン、1,5−シクロオクタジエン、1,5,9−シクロドデカトリエン、5−エチリデンノルボルネン、ジシクロペンタジエン、トリシクロ[ 5.2.1.02,6 ] デカ−8−エン、トリシクロ[ 5.2.1.02,6 ] デカ−3−エン、トリシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 ] ウンデカ−3−エン、トリシクロ[ 6.2.1.01,8 ] ウンデカ−9−エン、トリシクロ[ 6.2.1.01,8 ] ウンデカ−4−エン、テトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10.01,6 ] ドデカ−3−エン、8−メチルテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10.01,6 ] ドデカ−3−エン、8−エチリデンテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,12 ]ドデカ−3−エン、8−エチリデンテトラシクロ[ 4.4.0.12,5 .17,10.01,6 ] ドデカ−3−エン、ペンタシクロ[ 6.5.1.13,6 .02,7 .09,13 ]ペンタデカ−4−エン、ペンタシクロ[ 7.4.0.12,5 .19,12.08,13 ]ペンタデカ−3−エン
等を挙げることができる。
これらの他の不飽和脂環式化合物は、単独でまたは2種以上を混合して使用することができる。
樹脂(II)における他の不飽和脂環式化合物に由来する繰返し単位の含有量は、樹脂(II)中の全繰返し単位に対して、通常、50モル%以下、好ましくは40モル%以下、さらに好ましくは30モル%以下である。
また、ノルボルネン誘導体(β)としては、前記ノルボルネン誘導体(α)について例示した化合物中のエステル基をカルボキシル基に転換した化合物を挙げることができる。
【0041】
前記(ニ)の方法における開環(共)重合は、例えば、メタセシス触媒を使用し、必要に応じて活性化剤(例えば、ホウ素化合物、ケイ素化合物、アルコール類、水等)、分子量調節剤(例えば、α−オレフイン類、α,ω−ジオレフィン類、ビニル芳香族化合物等)等の存在下、適当な溶媒中で実施することができる。
前記メタセシス触媒は、通常、W、MoまたはReの化合物の群から選ばれる少なくとも1種(以下、「特定遷移金属化合物」という。)と、デミングの周期律表IA、IIA、 IIIA、IVAあるいはIVB族金属の化合物からなり、金属−炭素結合または金属−水素結合を有する化合物の群から選ばれる少なくとも1種(以下、「特定有機金属化合物等」という。)との組み合せからなる。
特定遷移金属化合物としては、例えば、WCl6、WCl5、WCl4、WBr6、WF6 、WI6 、MoCl5 、MoCl4 、MoCl3 、ReCl3 、WOCl4 、WOCl3 、WOBr3 、MoOCl3、MoOBr3、ReOCl3、ReOBr3、WCl2(OC2H5)4、W(OC2H5)6 、MoCl3(OC2H5)2 、Mo(OC2H5)5、WO2(acac)2(但し、acacはアセチルアセトネート残基を示す。) 、MoO2(acac)2 、W(OCOR)5(但し、OCORはカルボン酸残基を示す。) 、Mo(OCOR)5 、W(CO)6、Mo(CO)6 、Re2(CO)10 、WCl5・P(C6H5)3、 MoCl5・P(C6H5)3、ReOBr3・P(C6H5)3、WCl6・NC5H5 、W(CO)5・P(C6H5)3、W(CO)3・(CH3CN)3等を挙げることができる。
これらの特定遷移金属化合物は、単独でまたは2種以上を組み合せて使用することができる。
また、特定有機金属化合物等としては、例えば、n−C4H9Li、n−C5H11Na 、C6H5Na、CH3MgI、C2H5MgBr、CH3MgBr 、n−C3H7MgCl、t−C4H9MgCl、CH2=CHCH2MgCl 、(C2H5)2Zn 、(C2H5)2Cd 、CaZn(C2H5)4 、(CH3)3B 、(C2H5)3B、(n−C4H9)3B、(CH3)3Al、(CH3)2AlCl、CH3AlCl2、(CH3)3Al2Cl3、(C2H5)3Al 、(C2H5)3Al2Cl3 、 (C2H5)2Al・O(C2H5)2、(C2H5)2AlCl 、C2H5AlCl2 、(C2H5)2AlH、(C2H5)2AlOC2H5、(C2H5)2AlCN 、LiAl(C2H5)2 、(n−C3H7)3Al 、(i−C4H9)3Al 、(i−C4H9)2AlH、(n−C6H13)3Al、(n−C8H17)3Al、(C6H5)3Al 、(CH3)4Ga、(CH3)4Sn、(n−C4H9)4Sn 、(C2H5)3SnH、LiH 、NaH 、B2H6、NaBH4 、AlH3、LiAlH4、TiH4等を挙げることができる。
これらの特定有機金属化合物等は、単独でまたは2種以上を組み合せて使用することができる。
前記(ホ)の方法におけるラジカル共重合は、例えば、ヒドロパーオキシド類、ジアルキルパーオキシド類、ジアシルパーオキシド類、アゾ化合物等のラジカル重合触媒を使用し、適当な溶媒中で実施することができる。
また、前記(チ)の方法における開環(共)重合あるいはラジカル共重合も、前記(ニ)あるいは(ホ)の方法と同様にして実施することができる。
樹脂(II)としては、放射線に対する透明性の観点から、炭素・炭素不飽和結合の少ないものが好ましい。このような樹脂(II)は、例えば、前記(ニ)の方法または前記(チ)の開環(共)重合する方法における適宜の段階で、あるいはこれらの方法に続いて、水素付加、水付加、ハロゲン付加、ハロゲン化水素付加等の付加反応を行うことによって得ることができ、特に水素付加反応させることにより得られる樹脂が好ましい。なお、前記(ホ)の方法および前記(チ)のラジカル(共)重合する方法により得られる樹脂(II)は、実質的に炭素・炭素不飽和結合をもたないものである。
前記水素付加させた樹脂(II)における水素付加率は、好ましくは70%以上、さらに好ましくは90%以上、特に好ましくは100%である。
【0042】
酸解離性基含有樹脂のゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィーで測定したポリスチレン換算重量分子量(以下、「Mw」という。)は、通常、1,000〜300,000、好ましくは3,000〜200,000、さらに好ましくは5,000〜100,000である。
本発明において、酸解離性基含有樹脂は、単独でまたは2種以上を混合して使用することができる。
【0043】
樹脂(II)としては、特に下記樹脂(II−1) 、樹脂(II−2) および樹脂(II−3) が好ましい。
樹脂(II−1) は、下記式(4)で表される繰返し単位を含有する樹脂である。
【0044】
【化7】
【0045】
〔式(4)において、nおよびAはそれぞれ式(2)および式(3)と同義であり、Xは酸解離性基を示す。〕
また、樹脂(II−2) は、下記一般式(4)で表される繰返し単位および下記式(5)で表される繰返し単位を含有するランダム共重合体である。
【0046】
【化7】
【0047】
【化8】
【0048】
〔式(4)および一般式(5)において、nおよびmは相互に独立に0または1であり、AおよびBそれぞれ式(2)および式(3)と同義であり、Xは酸解離性基を示す。〕
樹脂(II−2) における式(4)で表される繰返し単位と式(5)で表される繰返し単位とのモル比は、通常、20/80〜95/5、好ましくは30/70〜90/10である。
また、樹脂(II−3) は、下記式(6)で表される繰返し単位を含有し、場合により下記式(7)で表される繰返し単位をさらに含有するランダム共重合体である。
【0049】
【化9】
【0050】
【化10】
【0051】
〔式(6)および式(7)において、A、B、XおよびYはそれぞれ式(2)および式(3)と同義である。〕
樹脂(II−3) における式(6)で表される繰返し単位と式(7)で表される繰返し単位とのモル比は、通常、5/95〜100/0、好ましくは10/90〜90/10である。
【0077】
本発明のポジ型感放射線性樹脂組成物における前記各成分の配合割合は、レジストの所望の特性に応じて変わるが、好ましい配合割合は、以下のとおりである。
酸発生剤(A)の配合量は、酸解離性基含有樹脂100重量部当たり、通常、0.1〜20重量部、好ましくは0.5〜15重量部、特に好ましくは0.7〜7重量部である。この場合、酸発生剤(A)の配合量が0.1重量部未満では、感度および解像度が低下する傾向があり、また20重量部を超えると、レジストの塗布性やパターン形状の劣化を来しやすくなる傾向がある。
本発明における各成分の配合割合をより具体的に示すと、
好ましくは、
〔1−1〕酸発生剤(A)0.1〜15重量部、および酸解離性基含有樹脂100重量部であり、
さらに好ましくは、
〔1−3〕酸発生剤(A)0.5〜12重量部、および酸解離性基含有樹脂100重量部であり、
特に好ましくは、
〔1−5〕酸発生剤(A)0.7〜7重量部、および酸解離性基含有樹脂100重量部である。
【0079】
さらに、本発明のポジ型感放射線性樹脂組成物には、必要に応じて、機能性化合物、界面活性剤、ルイス塩基添加剤等の各種の添加剤を配合することができる。
前記機能性化合物は、耐ドライエッチング性およびパターン形状を改善する作用を有するものである。
このような機能性化合物としては、例えば、1−アダマンタノール、3−アダマンタノール、1−アダマンタンメタノール、3−アダマンタンメタノール、1,3−ジアダマンタノール、1,3−アダマンタンジメタノール、1−アダマンタンカルボン酸、3−アダマンタンカルボン酸、1,3−アダマンタンジカルボン酸、1−アダマンタン酢酸、3−アダマンタン酢酸、1,3−アダマンタンジ酢酸、3−メチル−2−ノルボルナンメタノール、ミルタノール、しょうのう酸、シス−ビシクロ[ 3.3.0 ]オクタン−2−カルボン酸、2−ヒドロキシ−3−ピナノン、カンファン酸、3−ヒドロキシ−4,7,7−トリメチルビシクロ[ 2.2.1 ]ヘプタン−2−酢酸、1,5−デカリンジオール、4,8−ジヒドロキシトリシクロ[ 5.2.1.02,6 ] デカン、ボルネオール、1−ノルアダマンタンカルボン酸、3−ノルアダマンタンカルボン酸、2−ノルボルナン酢酸、1,3−ノルボルナンジオール、2,3−ノルボルナンジオール、2,5−ノルボルナンジオール、2,6−ノルボルナンジオール、4−ペンチルビシクロ[ 2.2.2 ]オクタン−1−カルボン酸、ピナンジオール、1−ナフタレンメタノール、2−ナフタレンメタノール、1−ナフトール、2−ナフトール、1−ナフタレンカルボン酸、2−ナフタレンカルボン酸、(1−ナフチルオキシ)酢酸、(2−ナフチルオキシ)酢酸、1−ナフチル酢酸、2−ナフチル酢酸、1,2−ナフタレンジメタノール、1,3−ナフタレンジメタノール、1,4−ナフタレンジメタノール、1,5−ナフタレンジメタノール、1,6−ナフタレンジメタノール、1,7−ナフタレンジメタノール、1,8−ナフタレンジメタノール、2,3−ナフタレンジメタノール、2,6−ナフタレンジメタノール、2,7−ナフタレンジメタノール、1,2−ジヒドロキシナフタレン、1,3−ジヒドロキシナフタレン、1,4−ジヒドロキシナフタレン、1,5−ジヒドロキシナフタレン、1,6−ジヒドロキシナフタレン、1,7−ジヒドロキシナフタレン、1,8−ジヒドロキシナフタレン、2,3−ジヒドロキシナフタレン、2,6−ジヒドロキシナフタレン、2,7−ジヒドロキシナフタレン、(1,2−ナフチルオキシ)ジ酢酸、(1,3−ナフチルオキシ)ジ酢酸、(1,4−ナフチルオキシ)ジ酢酸、(1,5−ナフチルオキシ)ジ酢酸、(1,6−ナフチルオキシ)ジ酢酸、(1,7−ナフチルオキシ)ジ酢酸、(1,8−ナフチルオキシ)ジ酢酸、(2,3−ナフチルオキシ)ジ酢酸、(2,6−ナフチルオキシ)ジ酢酸、(2,7−ナフチルオキシ)ジ酢酸、1,2−ナフタレンジカルボン酸、1,3−ナフタレンジカルボン酸、1,4−ナフタレンジカルボン酸、1,5−ナフタレンジカルボン酸、1,6−ナフタレンジカルボン酸、1,7−ナフタレンジカルボン酸、1,8−ナフタレンジカルボン酸、2,3−ナフタレンジカルボン酸、2,6−ナフタレンジカルボン酸、2,7−ナフタレンジカルボン酸、1,2−ナフタレンジ酢酸、1,3−ナフタレンジ酢酸、1,4−ナフタレンジ酢酸、1,5−ナフタレンジ酢酸、1,6−ナフタレンジ酢酸、1,7−ナフタレンジ酢酸、1,8−ナフタレンジ酢酸、2,3−ナフタレンジ酢酸、2,6−ナフタレンジ酢酸、2,7−ナフタレンジ酢酸、3−ヒドロキシ−1,8−ジカルボキシナフタレン、1−ヒドロキシ−2−カルボキシナフタレン、3−ヒドロキシ−2−カルボキシナフタレン、4−ヒドロキシ−2−カルボキシナフタレン、5−ヒドロキシ−2−カルボキシナフタレン、6−ヒドロキシ−2−カルボキシナフタレン、7−ヒドロキシ−2−カルボキシナフタレン、8−ヒドロキシ−2−カルボキシナフタレン、2−ヒドロキシ−1−カルボキシナフタレン、3−ヒドロキシ−1−カルボキシナフタレン、4−ヒドロキシ−1−カルボキシナフタレン、5−ヒドロキシ−1−カルボキシナフタレン、6−ヒドロキシ−1−カルボキシナフタレン、7−ヒドロキシ−1−カルボキシナフタレン、8−ヒドロキシ−1−カルボキシナフタレン、1−カルボキシ−2−ナフチルオキシ酢酸、3−カルボキシ−2−ナフチルオキシ酢酸、4−カルボキシ−2−ナフチルオキシ酢酸、5−カルボキシ−2−ナフチルオキシ酢酸、6−カルボキシ−2−ナフチルオキシ酢酸、7−カルボキシ−2−ナフチルオキシ酢酸、8−カルボキシ−2−ナフチルオキシ酢酸、2−カルボキシ−1−ナフチルオキシ酢酸、3−カルボキシ−1−ナフチルオキシ酢酸、4−カルボキシ−1−ナフチルオキシ酢酸、5−カルボキシ−1−ナフチルオキシ酢酸、6−カルボキシ−1−ナフチルオキシ酢酸、7−カルボキシ−1−ナフチルオキシ酢酸、8−カルボキシ−1−ナフチルオキシ酢酸等や、これらの化合物中のカルボキシル基あるいは水酸基中の水素原子を酸解離性基で置換した化合物等を挙げることができる。ここで、酸解離性基としては、例えば、前記酸解離性基含有樹脂について例示した酸解離性基(i)あるいは酸解離性基(ii)と同様のものを挙げることができる。 これらの機能性化合物は、単独でまたは2種以上を混合して使用することができる。
機能性化合物の使用量は、酸解離性基含有樹脂またはアルカリ可溶性樹脂100重量部に対して、通常、50重量部以下である。
【0080】
前記界面活性剤は、塗布性、ストリエーション、現像性等を改良する作用を有するものである。
前記界面活性剤としては、例えば、ポリオキシエチレンラウリルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンステアリルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンオレイルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンオクチルフェニルエーテル、ポリオキシエチレンノニルフェニルエーテル、ポリエチレングリコールジラウレート、ポリエチレングリコールジステアレート等のノニオン系界面活性剤のほか、以下商品名で、KP341(信越化学工業製)、ポリフローNo.75,同No.95(共栄社油脂化学工業製)、エフトップEF301,同EF303,同EF352(トーケムプロダクツ製)、メガファックスF171,同F173(大日本インキ化学工業製)、フロラードFC430,同FC431(住友スリーエム製)、アサヒガードAG710,サーフロンSー382,同SCー101,同SCー102,同SCー103,同SCー104,同SCー105,同SCー106(旭硝子製)等を挙げることができる。
これらの界面活性剤は、単独でまたは2種以上を混合して使用することができる。
界面活性剤の配合量は、感放射線性樹脂組成物中の全樹脂成分100重量部に対して、通常、2重量部以下である。
【0081】
また、前記ルイス塩基添加剤は、酸発生剤(A)および/または他の酸発生剤から発生する酸に対してルイス塩基として作用する化合物であり、該添加剤を配合することにより、レジストパターンの側壁の垂直性をより効果的に改善することができる。
このようなルイス塩基添加剤としては、例えば、含窒素塩基性化合物やその塩類、カルボン酸類、アルコール類等を挙げることができるが、含窒素塩基性化合物が好ましい。
前記含窒素塩基性化合物の具体例としては、トリエチルアミン、トリn−プロピルアミン、トリ−i−プロピルアミン、トリn−ブチルアミン、トリn−ヘキシルアミン、トリエタノールアミン、トリフェニルアミン、アニリン、N,N−ジメチルアニリン、2−メチルアニリン、3−メチルアニリン、4−メチルアニリン、4−ニトロアニリン、1−ナフチルアミン、2−ナフチルアミン、ジフェニルアミン、エチレンジアミン、テトラメチレンジアミン、ヘキサメチレンジアミン、ピロリジン、ピペリジン等のアミン化合物;イミダゾール、4−メチルイミダゾール、4−メチル−2−フェニルイミダゾール、チアベンダゾール、ベンズイミダゾール等のイミダゾール化合物;ピリジン、2−メチルピリジン、4−エチルピリジン、2−ヒドロキシピリジン、4−ヒドロキシピリジン、2−フェニルピリジン、4−フェニルピリジン、ニコチン酸、ニコチン酸アミド、キノリン、アクリジン等のピリジン化合物;プリン、1,3,5−トリアジン、トリフェニル−1,3,5−トリアジン、1,2,3−トリアゾール、1,2,4−トリアゾール、ウラゾール等の他の含窒素複素環化合物等を挙げることができる。これらの含窒素塩基性化合物は、単独でまたは2種以上を混合して使用することができる。
ルイス塩基添加剤の配合量は、酸発生剤(A)1モルに対して、通常、1モル以下、好ましくは0.05〜1モルである。この場合、ルイス塩基添加剤の配合量が1モルを超えると、レジストとしての感度が低下する傾向がある。
また、前記以外の添加剤としては、ハレーション防止剤、接着助剤、保存安定化剤、消泡剤等を挙げることができる。
【0082】
組成物溶液の調製
本発明のポジ型感放射線性樹脂組成物は、その使用に際して、全固形分の濃度が、例えば5〜50重量%となるように、溶剤に溶解したのち、通常、例えば孔径0.2μm程度のフィルターでろ過することによって、組成物溶液として調製される。
前記組成物溶液の調製に使用される溶剤としては、例えば、n−プロピルアルコール、i−プロピルアルコール、n−ブチルアルコール、t−ブチルアルコール、シクロヘキサノール、エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノ−n−プロピルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノ−n−ブチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジエチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジ−n−プロピルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジ−n−ブチルエーテル、エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート、エチレングリコールモノエチルエーテルアセテート、エチレングリコールモノ−n−プロピルエーテルアセテート、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノ−n−プロピルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート、プロピレングリコールモノエチルエーテルアセテート、プロピレングリコールモノ−n−プロピルエーテルアセテート、トルエン、キシレン、メチルエチルケトン、メチルn−プロピルケトン、i−プロピルケトン、メチルn−ブチルケトン、メチルi−ブチルケトン、2−ヘプタノン、3−ヘプタノン、4−ヘプタノン、シクロペンタノン、シクロヘキサノン、2−ヒドロキシプロピオン酸メチル、2−ヒドロキシプロピオン酸エチル、2−ヒドロキシ−2−メチルプロピオン酸エチル、エトキシ酢酸エチル、ヒドロキシ酢酸エチル、2−ヒドロキシ−3−メチル酪酸メチル、3−メトキシブチルアセテート、3−メチル−3−メトキシブチルアセテート、3−メチル−3−メトキシブチルプロピオネート、3−メチル−3−メトキシブチルブチレート、酢酸エチル、酢酸n−プロピル、酢酸n−ブチル、アセト酢酸メチル、アセト酢酸エチル、3−メトキシプロピオン酸メチル、3−エトキシプロピオン酸エチル、ピルビン酸メチル、ピルビン酸エチル、N−メチルピロリドン、N,N−ジメチルホルムアミド、N,N−ジメチルアセトアミド、ベンジルエチルエーテル、ジヘキシルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、アセトニルアセトン、イソホロン、カプロン酸、カプリル酸、1−オクタノール、1−ノナノール、ベンジルアルコール、酢酸ベンジル、安息香酸エチル、しゅう酸ジエチル、マレイン酸ジエチル、γ−ブチロラクトン、炭酸エチレン、炭酸プロピレン等を挙げることができる。
これらの溶剤は、単独でまたは2種以上を混合して使用される。
【0083】
レジストパターンの形成方法
本発明のポジ型感放射線性樹脂組成物からレジストパターンを形成する際には、前記のようにして調製された組成物溶液を、回転塗布、流延塗布、ロール塗布等の適宜の塗布手段によって、例えば、シリコンウエハー、アルミニウムで被覆されたウエハー等の基板上に塗布することにより、レジスト被膜を形成し、場合により予めプレベークを行ったのち、所定のレジストパターンを形成するように該レジスト被膜に露光する。その際に使用される放射線としては、i線(波長365nm)等の近紫外線、水銀灯の輝線スペクトル(波長254nm)、KrFエキシマレーザー(波長248nm)あるいはArFエキシマレーザー(波長193nm)等の遠紫外線、シンクロトロン放射線等のX線、電子線等の荷電粒子線の如き各種放射線を使用することができる。
レジストパターンの形成に際しては、露光後に加熱処理(以下、「露光後ベーク」という。)を行うことが好ましい。露光後ベークの加熱条件は、組成物の配合組成によって変わるが、通常、30〜200℃、好ましくは50〜170℃である。
また、感放射線性樹脂組成物の潜在能力を最大限に引き出すため、例えば特公平6−12452号公報等に開示されているように、使用される基板上に有機系あるいは無機系の反射防止膜を形成しておくこともでき、また環境雰囲気中に含まれる塩基性不純物等の影響を防止するため、例えば特開平5−188598号公報等に開示されているように、レジスト被膜上に保護膜を設けることもでき、あるいはこれらの技術を併用することもできる。
次いで、露光されたレジスト被膜を現像することにより、所定のレジストパターンを形成する。
レジストパターンを形成する際に使用される現像液としては、例えば、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム、炭酸ナトリウム、けい酸ナトリウム、メタけい酸ナトリウム、アンモニア水、エチルアミン、n−プロピルアミン、ジエチルアミン、ジ−n−プロピルアミン、トリエチルアミン、メチルジエチルアミン、ジメチルエチルアミン、トリエタノールアミン、テトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド、ピロール、ピペリジン、コリン、1,8−ジアザビシクロ[5.4.0]−7−ウンデセン、1,5−ジアザビシクロ[4.3.0]−5−ノネン等のアルカリ性化合物の少なくとも1種を溶解したアルカリ性水溶液が好ましい。該アルカリ性水溶液の濃度は、通常、10重量%以下である。この場合、アルカリ性水溶液の濃度が10重量%を超えると、未露光部も現像液に溶解し、好ましくない。
また、前記アルカリ性水溶液からなる現像液には、例えば有機溶剤を添加することもできる。
前記有機溶剤の具体例としては、アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、メチルi−ブチルケトン、シクロペンタノン、シクロヘキサノン、3−メチル−2−シクロペンタノン、2,6−ジメチルシクロヘキサノン等のケトン類;メチルアルコール、エチルアルコール、n−プロピルアルコール、i−プロピルアルコール、n−ブチルアルコール、t−ブチルアルコール、シクロペンタノール、シクロヘキサノール、1,4−ヘキサンジオール、1,4−ヘキサンジメチロール等のアルコール類;テトラヒドロフラン、ジオキサン等のエーテル類;酢酸エチル、酢酸ブチル、酢酸i−アミル等のエステル類;トルエン、キシレン等の芳香族炭化水素類や、フェノール、アセトニルアセトン、ジメチルホルムアミド等を挙げることができる。
これらの有機溶剤は、単独でまたは2種以上を混合して使用することができる。
有機溶剤の使用量は、アルカリ性水溶液に対して、100容量%以下が好ましい。この場合、有機溶剤の使用量が100容量%を超えると、現像性が低下し、露光部の現像残りが著しくなり、好ましくない。
また、アルカリ性水溶液からなる現像液には、界面活性剤等を適量添加することもできる。
なお、アルカリ性水溶液からなる現像液で現像したのちは、一般に、水で洗浄して乾燥する。
【0084】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、実施例を挙げて、本発明の実施の形態をさらに具体的に説明する。但し、本発明は、これらの実施例に何ら制約されるものではない。
実施例および比較例におけるMwの測定および各レジストの評価は、下記の要領で実施した。
Mw
東ソー(株)製GPCカラム(G2000HXL2本、G3000HXL1本、G4000HXL1本)を用い、流量1.0ミリリットル/分、溶出溶媒テトラヒドロフラン、カラム温度40℃の分析条件で、単分散ポリスチレンを標準とするゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(GPC)により測定した。
感度
線幅0.3μmのライン・アンド・スペースパターン(1L1S)を1対1の線幅に形成する露光量を最適露光量とし、この最適露光量を感度とした。
解像度
最適露光量で露光したときに解像されるレジストパターンの最小寸法(μm)を解像度とした。
パターン形状
シリコンウエハー上に形成した線幅0.3μmの1L1Sの方形状断面の下辺の寸法La と上辺の寸法Lb とを、走査型電子顕微鏡を用いて測定して、
0.85≦Lb /La ≦1
を満足し、かつ基板付近にパターンのえぐれやパターン上層部の庇のないものを、パターン形状が“良好”であるとし、これらの条件の少なくとも1つを満たさないものを、パターン形状が“不良”であるとした。
残膜率
最適露光量で露光したときに解像されるレジストパターンの現像前の厚さに対する現像後の厚さの割合(%)を残膜率とした。
【0085】
各実施例および比較例で用いた各成分は、下記の通りである。
ポジ型感放射線性樹脂組成物
酸発生剤(A):
(A-2) 4−メトキシ−1−ナフチルテトラヒドロチオフェニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート
(A-3) 4−n−ブトキシ−1−ナフチルテトラヒドロチオフェニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート
(A-4) 4−t−ブトキシ−1−ナフチルテトラヒドロチオフェニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート
(A-5) 4−n−ブトキシ−1−ナフチルテトラヒドロチオフェニウム−n−ノナフルオロブタンスルホネート
他の酸発生剤:
(a-1) トリフェニルスルホニウムトリフルオロメタンスルホネート
酸解離性基含有樹脂:
(B1-1) ポリ(ヒドロキシスチレン)のフェノール性水酸基の水素原子の26モル% がt−ブトキシカルボニル基で置換された樹脂(Mw=9,000)
(B1-5) アクリル酸テトラヒドロピラニルとアクリル酸トリシクロデカニルとアクリ ル酸2−ヒドロキシプロピルとの共重合体(共重合モル比=4:5:1、M w=13,000)
【0089】
(B1-8) 下記式(20−1)で表される繰返し単位と下記式(20−2)で表される繰返し単位とからなる共重合体(共重合モル比=55/45、Mw=12,000)
【0090】
【化24】
【0091】
アルカリ溶解性制御剤:
(B2-2) 下記式(21)
【0092】
【化25】
【0093】
その他の成分:
ルイス塩基添加剤として、
(E-1) トリn−ブチルアミン
を用い、
溶剤として、
(S-1) 2−ヒドロキシプロピオン酸エチル
(S-3) 2−ヘプタノン
を用いた。
【0095】
【実施例】
実施例1〜4、比較例1
表1(但し、部は重量に基づく。)に示す各成分を混合して均一溶液としたのち、孔径0.2μmのメンブレンフィルターでろ過して、組成物溶液を調製した。
次いで、各組成物溶液を、シリコーンウエハー上に回転塗布したのち、100℃に保持したホットプレート上で、5分間プレベークを行って、膜厚1.1μmのレジスト被膜を形成した。その後、各レジスト被膜に、マスクパターンを介し、実施例1および比較例1では、(株)ニコン製KrFエキシマレーザー露光機(商品名NSR−2005EX8A)を用い、実施例2〜4では、(株)ニコン製ArFエキシマレーザー露光機(レンズ開口数=0.55)を用いて、露光量を変化させて露光した。次いで、110℃に保持したホットプレート上で、1分間露光後ベークを行ったのち、2.38重量%テトラメチルアンモニウムヒドロキシド水溶液により、25℃で1分間現像し、水洗し、乾燥して、レジストパターンを形成した。
各実施例および比較例1の評価結果を、表2に示す。
【0096】
【表1】
【0097】
【表2】
【0098】
【発明の効果】
本発明のポジ型感放射線性樹脂組成物は、酸発生剤(A)として、特定の塩を用いることにより、特に感度が極めて優れ、かつ解像度、パターン形状、残膜率等にも優れている。しかも、本発明のポジ型感放射線性樹脂組成物は、近紫外線、遠紫外線、X線、荷電粒子線の如き各種の放射線に対して有効に感応することができる。
したがって、本発明のポジ形感放射線性樹脂組成物は、今後ますます微細化が進行すると予想される半導体デバイス製造用のレジストとして極めて有用である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a positive-type radiation-sensitive resin composition that contains a specific radiation-sensitive acid generator and is suitable as a resist useful for microfabrication using various types of radiation such as deep ultraviolet rays, X-rays, and charged particle beams. .
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the field of microfabrication represented by the manufacture of integrated circuit elements, in order to obtain a higher degree of integration, the process size in lithography has been miniaturized. In recent years, microfabrication of 0.5 μm or less is reproducible. There is a need for techniques that can be performed well. Therefore, it is necessary to accurately form a pattern of 0.5 μm or less even in a resist used for microfabrication, but a conventional method using visible light (wavelength 800 to 400 nm) or near ultraviolet light (wavelength 400 to 300 nm). Then, it is extremely difficult to form a fine pattern of 0.5 μm or less with high accuracy. Therefore, the use of radiation having a shorter wavelength (wavelength of 300 nm or less) has been intensively studied.
Examples of such short wavelength radiation include X-rays such as far ultraviolet rays, synchrotron radiation and the like represented by mercury lamp emission line spectrum (wavelength 254 nm), KrF excimer laser (wavelength 248 nm) or ArF excimer laser (wavelength 193 nm). Examples thereof include charged particle beams such as a beam and an electron beam. Among these, lithography using an excimer laser is particularly attracting attention because of its high output and high efficiency characteristics. For this reason, resists used in lithography are also required to be able to form fine patterns of 0.5 μm or less with high sensitivity, high resolution and good reproducibility by excimer laser.
As a resist suitable for far ultraviolet rays such as excimer laser, a radiation sensitive acid generator that generates an acid by irradiation of radiation (hereinafter referred to as “exposure”) is used, and the sensitivity of the resist is increased by the catalytic action of the acid. An improved “chemically amplified resist” has been proposed.
As such a chemically amplified resist, for example, JP-A-59-45439 discloses a combination of a resin protected with a t-butyl group or a t-butoxycarbonyl group and a radiation-sensitive acid generator. JP-A-60-52845 discloses a combination of a resin protected with a silyl group and a radiation-sensitive acid generator. In addition, many reports have been made on chemically amplified resists such as a resist containing a resin containing an acetal group and a radiation-sensitive acid generator (JP-A-2-25850).
Examples of radiation sensitive acid generators used in these chemically amplified resists include triphenylsulfonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, triphenylsulfonium hexafluoroantimonate, triphenylsulfonium naphthalenesulfonate, cyclohexylmethyl (2-oxocyclohexyl). Onium salts such as sulfonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, sulfonate esters of 2,6-dinitrobenzyl, tris (methanesulfonyloxy) benzene, bis (cyclohexylsulfonyl) diazomethane, etc. are used. In general, acid generators are not satisfactory in terms of sensitivity, and even when the sensitivity is relatively high, it is still not sufficient in terms of resist performance that combines resolution, pattern shape, and the like.
Under such circumstances, development of a radiation sensitive acid generator having high sensitivity and excellent resolution, pattern shape, etc. is strongly demanded.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a positive-type radiation-sensitive resin composition that can form a resist pattern that has particularly high sensitivity and is excellent in resolution, pattern shape, and the like.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the present invention, the problem is
(A) The following formula (1-1)
[0005]
[Chemical 1]
[0006]
[In Formula (1-1), R1 And R2 May be the same as or different from each other and each represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms;Three IsC1-C6 alkoxyl groupIndicate
A1 -Represents a monovalent anion, a is an integer of 4 to 7, and b is1It is an integer of ~ 7. ]
A radiation-sensitive acid generator represented by:
(B1) An alkali-insoluble or alkali-insoluble resin containing an acid-dissociable group, which becomes alkali-soluble when the acid-dissociable group is dissociated
It is achieved by a positive-type radiation-sensitive resin composition characterized by containing.
[0008]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
Radiation sensitive acid generator
BookThe radiation-sensitive acid generator (hereinafter referred to as “acid generator (A)”) used in the invention is represented by the formula (1-1) and generates an acid by causing a chemical change upon exposure. It is an ingredient.
In formula (1-1), R1 And R2 Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, i-propyl group, n-butyl group, i-butyl group, sec-butyl group, t-butyl group and the like. Can be mentioned.
RThree ofC1-C6 alkoxyl groupExamples thereof include methoxy group, ethoxy group, n-propoxy group, i-propoxy group, n-butoxy group, i-butoxy group, sec-butoxy group, t-butoxy group and the like.
A1 -Examples of the monovalent anion include trifluoromethanesulfonic acid and nonafluorobutanesulfonic acid (for example, the formula CFThreeCF2CF2CF2SOThreeN-nonafluorobutanesulfonic acid represented by H), dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid, toluenesulfonic acid, naphthalenesulfonic acid, pyrenesulfonic acid, camphorsulfonic acid, and other sulfonic acid anions derived from BFFour -, F6P-, F6As-, F6Sb-, ClOFour -Etc.
[0009]
Such an acid generator (A) can be synthesized, for example, via a reaction and a reaction intermediate represented by the following formula.
[0010]
[Chemical 2]
[0011]
[Chemical 3]
[0012]
As a specific example of the acid generator (A),
4-methoxy-1-naphthyltetrahydrothiophenium trifluoromethanesulfonate,
4-ethoxy-1-naphthyltetrahydrothiophenium trifluoromethanesulfonate,
4-n-propoxy-1-naphthyltetrahydrothiophenium trifluoromethanesulfonate,
4-n-butoxy-1-naphthyltetrahydrothiophenium trifluoromethanesulfonate,
4-t-butoxy-1-naphthyltetrahydrothiophenium trifluoromethanesulfonate,
4-methoxy-1-naphthyltetrahydrothiophenium-n-nonafluorobutanesulfonate,
4-n-butoxy-1-naphthyltetrahydrothiophenium-n-nonafluorobutanesulfonate,
4-t-butoxy-1-naphthyltetrahydrothiophenium-n-nonafluorobutanesulfonate,
4-methoxy-1-naphthyltetrahydrothiophenium camphorsulfonate,
4-n-butoxy-1-naphthyltetrahydrothiophenium camphorsulfonate,
4-t-butoxy-1-naphthyltetrahydrothiophenium camphorsulfonate,
4-substituted-1-naphthyltetrahydrothiophenium salts such as;
[0013]
5-methoxy-1-naphthyltetrahydrothiophenium trifluoromethanesulfonate,
5-ethoxy-1-naphthyltetrahydrothiophenium trifluoromethanesulfonate,
5-n-propoxy-1-naphthyltetrahydrothiophenium trifluoromethanesulfonate
5-substituted-1-naphthyltetrahydrothiophenium salts such as;
[0014]
6-methoxy-1-naphthyltetrahydrothiophenium trifluoromethanesulfonate,
6-ethoxy-1-naphthyltetrahydrothiophenium trifluoromethanesulfonate,
6-n-propoxy-1-naphthyltetrahydrothiophenium trifluoromethanesulfonate
6-substituted-1-naphthyltetrahydrothiophenium salts such as;
[0015]
7-methoxy-1-naphthyltetrahydrothiophenium trifluoromethanesulfonate,
7-ethoxy-1-naphthyltetrahydrothiophenium trifluoromethanesulfonate,
7-n-propoxy-1-naphthyltetrahydrothiophenium trifluoromethanesulfonate
7-substituted-1-naphthyltetrahydrothiophenium salts such as;
[0017]
Etc.
Of these acid generators (A), in particular, 4-methoxy-1-naphthyltetrahydrothiophenium trifluoromethanesulfonate, 4-n-butoxy-1-naphthyltetrahydrothiophenium trifluoromethanesulfonate, 4-t-butoxy -1-naphthyltetrahydrothiophenium trifluoromethanesulfonate, 4-methoxy-1-naphthyltetrahydrothiophenium-n-nonafluorobutanesulfonate, 4-n-butoxy-1-naphthyltetrahydrothiophenium-n-nonafluorobutane Preferred are sulfonate, 4-t-butoxy-1-naphthyltetrahydrothiophenium-n-nonafluorobutanesulfonate, and the like.
BookIn the invention, the acid generator (A) can be used alone or in admixture of two or more.
[0018]
Also,BookIn the invention, other acid generators can be used together with the acid generator (A) as long as the desired effect is not impaired.
Examples of the other acid generator include onium salts, halogen-containing compounds, diazoketone compounds, sulfone compounds, and sulfonic acid compounds.
Examples of these other acid generators include the following.
Onium salt
Examples of onium salts include iodonium salts, sulfonium salts, phosphonium salts, diazonium salts, pyridinium salts, and the like.
Specific examples of preferable onium salts include diphenyliodonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, diphenyliodonium pyrenesulfonate, diphenyliodonium dodecylbenzenesulfonate, bis (4-t-butylphenyl) iodonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, and bis (4-t-butylphenyl) iodonium. Dodecylbenzenesulfonate, bis (4-t-butylphenyl) iodonium naphthalenesulfonate, bis (4-t-butylphenyl) iodonium hexafluoroantimonate, triphenylsulfonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, triphenylsulfonium hexafluoroantimonate, triphenylsulfonium Naphthalenesulfonate, (hydroxyphenyl) benzenemethylsulfate Nitrogen toluenesulfonate, 1- (naphthylacetomethyl) thiolanium trifluoromethanesulfonate, cyclohexylmethyl (2-oxocyclohexyl) sulfonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, dicyclohexyl (2-oxocyclohexyl) sulfonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, dimethyl (2-oxocyclohexyl) sulfonium Trifluoromethanesulfonate, 1-naphthyldimethylsulfonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, 1-naphthyldiethylsulfonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, 1-naphthyldi-n-propylsulfonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, 1-naphthyldi-i-propylsulfonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, 4-cyano- 1-naphthyldimethyl Rufonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, 4-nitro-1-naphthyldimethylsulfonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, 4-methyl-1-naphthyldimethylsulfonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, 4-cyano-1-naphthyldiethylsulfonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, 4-nitro-1 -Naphtyl diethylsulfonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, 4-methyl-1-naphthyldiethylsulfonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, 4-hydroxy-1-naphthyldimethylsulfonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, 5-hydroxy-1-naphthyldimethylsulfonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, 6-hydroxy -1-naphthyldimethylsulfonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, 7- Examples include hydroxy-1-naphthyldimethylsulfonium trifluoromethanesulfonate.
Halogen-containing compounds
Examples of the halogen-containing compound include haloalkyl group-containing hydrocarbon compounds and haloalkyl group-containing heterocyclic compounds.
Specific examples of preferred halogen-containing compounds include 1,1-bis (4-chlorophenyl) -2,2,2-trichloroethane, phenyl-bis (trichloromethyl) -s-triazine, methoxyphenyl-bis (trichloromethyl)- Examples thereof include s-triazine and naphthyl-bis (trichloromethyl) -s-triazine.
Diazoketone compound
Examples of the diazo ketone compound include a 1,3-diketo-2-diazo compound, a diazobenzoquinone compound, a diazonaphthoquinone compound, and the like.
Specific examples of preferred diazo ketones include 1,2-naphthoquinonediazide-4-sulfonyl chloride, 1,2, naphthoquinonediazide-4-sulfonic acid ester of 2,3,4,4′-tetrahydroxybenzophenone, 1,1, Examples include 1,2-naphthoquinonediazide-4-sulfonic acid ester of 1-tris (4-hydroxyphenyl) ethane.
Sulfone compound
Examples of the sulfone compound include β-ketosulfone, β-sulfonylsulfone, and the like.
Specific examples of preferred sulfone compounds include 4-trisphenacylsulfone, mesitylphenacylsulfone, bis (phenylsulfonyl) methane, and the like.
Sulfonic acid compound
Examples of the sulfonic acid compounds include alkyl sulfonic acid esters, alkyl sulfonic acid imides, haloalkyl sulfonic acid esters, aryl sulfonic acid esters, and imide sulfonates.
Specific examples of preferred sulfonic acid compounds include benzoin tosylate, pyrogallol tristrifluoromethanesulfonate, nitrobenzyl-9,10-diethoxyanthracene-2-sulfonate, trifluoromethanesulfonylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-5. -Ene-2,3-dicarboximide, N-hydroxysuccinimide trifluoromethanesulfonate, 1,8-naphthalenedicarboxyimide trifluoromethanesulfonate and the like. Among these other acid generators, in particular, diphenyliodonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, bis (4-t-butylphenyl) iodonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, triphenylsulfonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, cyclohexylmethyl (2-oxocyclohexyl) sulfonium trifluoromethane Sulfonate, dicyclohexyl (2-oxocyclohexyl) sulfonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, dimethyl (2-oxocyclohexyl) sulfonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, trifluoromethanesulfonylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-5-ene-2,3-dicarboximide N-hydroxysuccinimide trifluoromethanesulfonate, 1,8-naphthalenedicarboxyimi Dotrifluoromethanesulfonate, 4-hydroxy-1-naphthyldimethylsulfonium trifluoromethanesulfonate, and the like are preferable.
These other acid generators can be used alone or in admixture of two or more.
BookThe amount of the other acid generator used in the invention is usually 20 parts by weight or less, preferably 10 parts by weight or less, more preferably 8 parts by weight or less with respect to 100 parts by weight of the acid generator (A). In this case, when the amount of the other acid generator used exceeds 20 parts by weight, the transmittance for radiation is lowered, and when the composition is used as a resist, sufficient radiation does not reach the lower part of the resist film, resulting in The resist pattern to be formed tends to be tapered, which is not preferable.
[0019]
Acid-dissociable group-containing resin
BookAn alkali-insoluble or hardly alkali-soluble resin containing an acid-dissociable group used in the invention (component (B1)), which becomes alkali-soluble when the acid-dissociable group is dissociated (hereinafter referred to as “acid”) Examples of the “dissociable group-containing resin”) include the following resins (I) and resins (II).
Resin (I) is a hydrogen atom of an acidic functional group in an alkali-soluble resin containing at least one acidic functional group such as a phenolic hydroxyl group, a naphtholic hydroxyl group, or a carboxyl group, with at least one acid dissociable group. It consists of a resin having a substituted structure, and as such is a resin that is insoluble or hardly soluble in alkali.
The resin (II) is made of an alkali-insoluble or alkali-insoluble acid-dissociable group-containing resin having an alicyclic skeleton in the main chain, and is itself an alkali-insoluble or alkali-insoluble resin.
The term “alkali-insoluble or alkali-insoluble” as used herein refers to alkali development that is employed when a resist pattern is formed from a resist film formed using a radiation-sensitive resin composition containing an acid-dissociable group-containing resin. When a film using only an acid-dissociable group-containing resin instead of the resist film is developed under the conditions, it means that 50% or more of the initial film thickness of the film remains after development.
Hereinafter, the resin (I) and the resin (II) will be sequentially described.
[0020]
Examples of the acid dissociable group (hereinafter referred to as “acid dissociable group (i)”) in the resin (I) include a substituted methyl group, a 1-substituted ethyl group, a 1-branched alkyl group, a silyl group, and a germyl group. , An alkoxycarbonyl group, an acyl group, a cyclic acid dissociable group, and the like.
Examples of the substituted methyl group include methoxymethyl group, methylthiomethyl group, ethoxymethyl group, ethylthiomethyl group, methoxyethoxymethyl group, benzyloxymethyl group, benzylthiomethyl group, phenacyl group, bromophenacyl group, and methoxyphenacyl. Group, methylthiophenacyl group, α-methylphenacyl group, cyclopropylmethyl group, benzyl group, diphenylmethyl group, triphenylmethyl group, bromobenzyl group, nitrobenzyl group, methoxybenzyl group, methylthiobenzyl group, ethoxybenzyl group , Ethylthiobenzyl group, piperonyl group, methoxycarbonylmethyl group, ethoxycarbonylmethyl group, n-propoxycarbonylmethyl group,i-A propoxycarbonylmethyl group, an n-butoxycarbonylmethyl group, a t-butoxycarbonylmethyl group, and the like can be given.
Examples of the 1-substituted ethyl group include 1-methoxyethyl group, 1-methylthioethyl group, 1,1-dimethoxyethyl group, 1-ethoxyethyl group, 1-ethylthioethyl group, 1,1- Diethoxyethyl group, 1-phenoxyethyl group, 1-phenylthioethyl group, 1,1-diphenoxyethyl group, 1-benzyloxyethyl group, 1-benzylthioethyl group, 1-cyclopropylethyl group, 1- Phenylethyl group, 1,1-diphenylethyl group, 1-methoxycarbonylethyl group, 1-ethoxycarbonylethyl group, 1-n-propoxycarbonylethyl group, 1-i-Examples thereof include a propoxycarbonylethyl group, a 1-n-butoxycarbonylethyl group, and a 1-t-butoxycarbonylethyl group.
Examples of the 1-branched alkyl group include:i-Examples thereof include a propyl group, a sec-butyl group, a t-butyl group, a 1,1-dimethylpropyl group, a 1-methylbutyl group, and a 1,1-dimethylbutyl group.
Examples of the silyl group include a trimethylsilyl group, an ethyldimethylsilyl group, a methyldiethylsilyl group, a triethylsilyl group,i-Propyldimethylsilyl group, methyldi-I-Pyrsilyl group, tri-I-Examples thereof include a propylsilyl group, a t-butyldimethylsilyl group, a methyldi-t-butylsilyl group, a tri-t-butylsilyl group, a phenyldimethylsilyl group, a methyldiphenylsilyl group, and a triphenylsilyl group.
Examples of the germyl group include trimethylgermyl group, ethyldimethylgermyl group, methyldiethylgermyl group, triethylgermyl group,i-Propyldimethylgermyl group, methyldi-I-Propylgermyl group, tri-I-Examples include propylgermyl group, t-butyldimethylgermyl group, methyldi-t-butylgermyl group, tri-t-butylgermyl group, phenyldimethylgermyl group, methyldiphenylgermyl group, and triphenylgermyl group. .
Examples of the alkoxycarbonyl group include a methoxycarbonyl group, an ethoxycarbonyl group,i-A propoxycarbonyl group, a t-butoxycarbonyl group, etc. can be mentioned.
Examples of the acyl group include acetyl group, propionyl group, butyryl group, heptanoyl group, hexanoyl group, valeryl group, pivaloyl group, isovaleryl group, laurylyl group, myristoyl group, palmitoyl group, stearoyl group, oxalyl group, malonyl Group, succinyl group, glutaryl group, adipoyl group, piperoyl group, suberoyl group, azelaoil group, sebacoyl group, acryloyl group, propioyl group, methacryloyl group, crotonoyl group, oleoyl group, maleoyl group, fumaroyl group, mesaconoyl group, canphoroyl group Benzoyl group, phthaloyl group, isophthaloyl group, terephthaloyl group, naphthoyl group, toluoyl group, hydroatropoyl group, atropoyl group, cinnamoyl group, furoyl group, thenoyl group, nicotinoyl group Isonicotinoyl group, p- toluenesulfonyl group, and mesyl group.
Furthermore, as the cyclic acid dissociable group, for example, in addition to a group having an alicyclic skeleton such as cyclopropyl group, cyclopentyl group, cyclohexyl group, cyclohexenyl group, 4-methoxycyclohexyl group, tetrahydropyranyl group, Tetrahydrofuranyl group, tetrahydrothiopyranyl group, tetrahydrothiofuranyl group, 3-bromotetrahydropyranyl group, 4-methoxytetrahydropyranyl group, 4-methoxytetrahydrothiopyranyl group, 3-tetrahydrothiophene-1,1- A dioxide group etc. can be mentioned.
Among these acid dissociable groups (i), t-butyl group, t-butoxycarbonyl group, 1-methoxyethyl group, 1-ethoxyethyl group, 1-n-butoxyethyl group, tetrahydropyranyl group, methyltetrahydro Pyranyl group, tetrahydrofuranyl group, methyltetrahydrofuranyl group and the like are preferable.
The content of the acid dissociable group (i) in the resin (I) (ratio of the number of acid dissociable groups to the total number of acidic functional groups and acid dissociable groups (i) in the acid dissociable group-containing resin) is , Preferably 5 to 100%, more preferably 20 to 100%. In this case, if the content of the acid dissociable group (i) is less than 5%, the resolution as a resist tends to be lowered.
[0021]
Resin (I) is, for example,
(A) a method of introducing one or more acid-dissociable groups (i) into a previously produced alkali-soluble resin;
(B) a method of (co) polymerizing a polymerizable unsaturated compound having one or more acid dissociable groups (i);
(C) It can be produced by a method of (co) polycondensing a polycondensable component having one or more acid dissociable groups (i).
[0022]
Examples of the alkali-soluble resin used in the method (a) include an addition polymerization resin or a polycondensation resin having at least one repeating unit having an acidic functional group.
As the repeating unit having an acidic functional group in the addition-soluble alkali-soluble resin, for example,
o-hydroxystyrene, m-hydroxystyrene, p-hydroxystyrene, o-hydroxy-α-methylstyrene, m-hydroxy-α-methylstyrene, p-hydroxy-α-methylstyrene, p-carboxystyrene, p-carboxy Such as methylstyrene, p- (2-carboxyethyl) styrene, p-carboxymethoxystyrene, p- (2-carboxyethoxy) styrene, p-carboxymethylcarbonyloxystyrene, p- (2-carboxyethyl) carbonyloxystyrene, etc. (Α-methyl) styrene derivatives;
2-hydroxy-1-vinylnaphthalene, 3-hydroxy-1-vinylnaphthalene, 4-hydroxy-1-vinylnaphthalene, 5-hydroxy-1-vinylnaphthalene, 6-hydroxy-1-vinylnaphthalene, 7-hydroxy-1 -Vinylnaphthalene, 8-hydroxy-1-vinylnaphthalene, 2-hydroxy-1-isopropenylnaphthalene, 3-hydroxy-1-isopropenylnaphthalene, 4-hydroxy-1-isopropenylnaphthalene, 5-hydroxy-1-iso Propenylnaphthalene, 6-hydroxy-1-isopropenylnaphthalene, 7-hydroxy-1-isopropenylnaphthalene, 8-hydroxy-1-isopropenylnaphthalene, 2-carboxy-1-vinylnaphthalene, 3-carboxy-1-vinylnaphthalene 4 Vinylnaphthalene derivatives such as carboxy-1-vinylnaphthalene, 5-carboxy-1-vinylnaphthalene, 6-carboxy-1-vinylnaphthalene, 7-carboxy-1-vinylnaphthalene, 8-carboxy-1-vinylnaphthalene or isopropenyl Naphthalene derivatives;
Unsaturated carboxylic acids such as (meth) acrylic acid, crotonic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, citraconic acid, mesaconic acid, cinnamic acid;
Carboxy group-containing unsaturated carboxylic acid esters such as 2-carboxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-carboxypropyl (meth) acrylate, 3-carboxypropyl (meth) acrylate, and 4-carboxybutyl (meth) acrylate
Examples thereof include a unit in which a polymerizable unsaturated bond in a polymerizable unsaturated compound having an acidic functional group is cleaved.
Among these repeating units, units in which a polymerizable unsaturated bond is cleaved such as p-hydroxystyrene, p-hydroxy-α-methylstyrene, p-carboxystyrene, (meth) acrylic acid and the like are preferable.
[0023]
The addition-polymerizable alkali-soluble resin may be composed only of repeating units having an acidic functional group. However, as long as the resulting resin is alkali-soluble, the polymerizable unsaturated bonds of other polymerizable unsaturated compounds are not present. One or more cleaved repeating units can be contained.
Examples of the other polymerizable unsaturated compound include styrene, α-methylstyrene, 4-t-butylstyrene, 4-t-butyl-α-methylstyrene, 1-vinylnaphthalene, and 4-methyl-1-vinyl. Naphthalene, 5-methyl-1-vinylnaphthalene, 1-isopropenylnaphthalene, 4-chloro-1-vinylnaphthalene, 5-chloro-1-vinylnaphthalene, 4-methoxy-1-vinylnaphthalene, 5-methoxy-1- Vinyl aromatic compounds such as vinyl naphthalene; methyl (meth) acrylate, ethyl (meth) acrylate, n-propyl (meth) acrylate, n-butyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate (Meth) acrylates such as 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate and 3-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate In addition to rilates, ester groups such as norbornyl (meth) acrylate, isobornyl (meth) acrylate, tricyclodecanyl (meth) acrylate, dicyclopentenyl (meth) acrylate, adamantyl (meth) acrylate, etc. (Meth) acrylic acid esters having an alicyclic skeleton in them; Vinyl ester such as vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl butyrate; (meth) acrylonitrile, α-chloroacrylonitrile, crotonnitrile, maleinonitrile, fumaronitrile, mesacon Unsaturated nitrile compounds such as nitrile, citracone nitrile, itacon nitrile; (meth) acrylamide, N, N-dimethyl (meth) acrylamide, crotonamide, maleinamide, fumaramide, mesaconamide, citraconamide, itaconami Unsaturated amide compounds and the like; N- vinyl -ε- caprolactam, N- vinyl pyrrolidone, vinyl pyridine, and other nitrogen-containing vinyl compounds such as vinyl imidazole.
Among these other polymerizable unsaturated compounds, styrene, α-methylstyrene, methyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl (meth) acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth) acrylate, and (meth) (Meth) acrylic acid esters having an alicyclic skeleton in the ester group such as isobornyl acrylate, tricyclodecanyl (meth) acrylate, dicyclopentenyl (meth) acrylate, adamantyl (meth) acrylate, etc. preferable.
[0024]
The polycondensation-based alkali-soluble resin comprises one or more phenols and one or more aldehydes, optionally together with a polycondensation component capable of forming another repeating unit, in the presence of an acidic catalyst. It can be produced by polycondensation in a medium or a mixed medium of water and a hydrophilic solvent.
Examples of the phenols include phenol, o-cresol, m-cresol, p-cresol, 2,3-xylenol, 2,4-xylenol, 2,5-xylenol, 3,4-xylenol, 3,5- Xylenol, 2,3,5-trimethylphenol, 3,4,5-trimethylphenol, resorcinol, catechol, pyrogallol, 1-naphthol, 2-naphthol and the like, and examples of the aldehydes include formaldehyde , Trioxane, paraformaldehyde, benzaldehyde, acetaldehyde, propylaldehyde, phenylacetaldehyde and the like.
The content of the repeating unit having an acidic functional group in the alkali-soluble resin of addition polymerization system and polycondensation system cannot be defined unconditionally depending on the type of the repeating unit and other repeating units, but is usually 10 to 100 mol%, preferably Is 15 to 100 mol%.
[0025]
Examples of the polymerizable unsaturated compound having an acid dissociable group (i) used in the method (b) include those in the polymerizable unsaturated compound having an acidic functional group exemplified in the method (a). Examples of the polycondensable component having an acid dissociable group (i) used in the method (c) include a compound in which a hydrogen atom of an acidic functional group is substituted with an acid dissociable group (i). Examples thereof include aldehydes and compounds obtained by substituting the hydrogen atom of the phenolic hydroxyl group of the phenols exemplified in the method (a) with an acid dissociable group (i).
In the method (b) or (c), in addition to the polymerizable unsaturated compound having an acid dissociable group (i) or the polycondensable component having an acid dissociable group (i), other polymerizable unsaturated compounds Alternatively, other polycondensable components can be used usually in an amount of 60% by weight or less, preferably 50% by weight or less.
The polymerization for producing an addition-soluble alkali-soluble resin in the method (a) and the polymerization in the method (b) include, for example, a radical polymerization initiator, an anionic polymerization catalyst, a coordination anionic polymerization catalyst, a cationic polymerization catalyst, and the like. Is appropriately selected, and can be carried out by an appropriate polymerization method such as bulk polymerization, solution polymerization, precipitation polymerization, emulsion polymerization, suspension polymerization, bulk-suspension polymerization.
[0026]
BookSpecific examples of preferred resin (I) in the invention are as follows.
4-t-butoxystyrene / 4-hydroxystyrene copolymer, 4-t-butoxycarbonyloxystyrene / 4-hydroxystyrene copolymer, 4- (1-ethoxyethoxy) styrene / 4-hydroxystyrene copolymer, 4- (1-n-butoxyethoxy) styrene / 4-hydroxystyrene copolymer, 4-tetrahydropyranyloxystyrene / 4-hydroxystyrene copolymer, 4-methyltetrahydropyranyloxystyrene / 4-hydroxystyrene copolymer A styrene resin such as a polymer, 4-tetrahydrofuranyloxystyrene / 4-hydroxystyrene copolymer, 4-methyltetrahydrofuranyloxystyrene / 4-hydroxystyrene copolymer;
4-t-butoxy-1-vinylnaphthalene / 4-hydroxy-1-vinylnaphthalene copolymer, 4-t-butoxycarbonyloxy-1-vinylnaphthalene / 4-hydroxy-1-vinylnaphthalene copolymer, 4- (1-Ethoxyethoxy) -1-vinylnaphthalene / 4-hydroxy-1-vinylnaphthalene copolymer, 4- (1-n-butoxyethoxy) -1-vinylnaphthalene / 4-hydroxy-1-vinylnaphthalene copolymer Polymer, 4-tetrahydropyranyloxy-1-vinylnaphthalene / 4-hydroxy-1-vinylnaphthalene copolymer, 4-methyltetrahydropyranyloxy-1-vinylnaphthalene / 4-hydroxy-1-vinylnaphthalene copolymer 4-tetrahydrofuranyloxy-1-vinylnaphthalene / 4-hydroxy-1 Vinylnaphthalene copolymer, 4-methyl-tetrahydrofuranyl-1- vinylnaphthalene / 4-hydroxy-1-vinylnaphthalene type resins such as vinyl naphthalene copolymer;
[0027]
T-butyl (meth) acrylate / tricyclodecanyl (meth) acrylate / (meth) acrylic acid copolymer, t-butoxycarbonyl (meth) acrylate / tricyclodecanyl (meth) acrylate / (meta ) Acrylic acid copolymer, 1-ethoxyethyl (meth) acrylate / tricyclodecanyl (meth) acrylate / (meth) acrylic acid copolymer, 1-butoxyethyl (meth) acrylate / (meth) acrylic Acid tricyclodecanyl / (meth) acrylic acid copolymer, (meth) acrylic acid tetrahydropyranyl / (meth) acrylic acid tricyclodecanyl / (meth) acrylic acid copolymer, (meth) acrylic acid methyltetrahydro Pyranyl / tricyclodecanyl (meth) acrylate / (meth) acrylic acid copolymer, tetrahydrofurani (meth) acrylic acid / (Meth) acrylic acid tricyclodecanyl / (meth) acrylic acid copolymer, (meth) acrylate tetrahydrofuranyl / (meth) acrylic acid tricyclodecanyl / (meth) acrylic acid copolymer,
(Meth) acrylic acid t-butyl / (meth) acrylic acid tricyclodecanyl / (meth) acrylic acid 2-hydroxypropyl copolymer, (meth) acrylic acid t-butoxycarbonyl / (meth) acrylic acid tricyclodecane Nyl / (meth) acrylic acid 2-hydroxypropyl copolymer, (meth) acrylic acid 1-ethoxyethyl / (meth) acrylic acid tricyclodecanyl / (meth) acrylic acid 2-hydroxypropyl copolymer, (meta ) 1-butoxyethyl acrylate / tricyclodecanyl (meth) acrylate / (hydroxy) 2-hydroxypropyl copolymer (meth) acrylate, tetrahydropyranyl (meth) acrylate / tricyclodecanyl (meth) acrylate / (Meth) acrylic acid 2-hydroxypropyl copolymer, (meth) acrylic acid methyltetrahydropropyl Nylyl / (meth) acrylic acid tricyclodecanyl / (meth) acrylic acid 2-hydroxypropyl copolymer, (meth) acrylic acid tetrahydrofuranyl / (meth) acrylic acid tricyclodecanyl / (meth) acrylic acid 2- (Meth) acrylic resins such as hydroxypropyl copolymer, methyltetrahydrofuranyl (meth) acrylate / tricyclodecanyl (meth) acrylate / (hydroxy) 2-hydroxypropyl copolymer of (meth) acrylate.
[0028]
Next, in the resin (II), examples of the alicyclic skeleton include bicyclic [2.2.1] heptane and tetracyclo [4.4.0. 12,5 . 17, 10 It may be polycyclic such as a skeleton derived from dodecane or the like.
The acid dissociable group in the resin (II) can be present at an appropriate position, but is preferably present in the alicyclic skeleton. The alicyclic skeleton has one or more substituents other than the acid dissociable group, for example, a halogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a halogenated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, and the like. You can also
The resin (II) is preferably a resin having at least one repeating unit represented by the following formula (2) or formula (3).
[0029]
[Formula 4]
[0030]
[Chemical formula 5]
[0031]
[In Formula (2) and Formula (3), n is 0 or 1, A and B are each independently a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a C1-C10 hydrocarbon group, or C1-C10. Represents a halogenated hydrocarbon group, and X and Y each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a halogenated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, or an acid dissociable group. , And at least one of X and Y is an acid-dissociable group. ]
As the acid dissociable group (hereinafter referred to as “acid dissociable group (ii)”) in formula (2) and formula (3), —R9 COOR10, -R9 OCOR11Or -R9 CN {however, R9 Is-(CH2)i-, I is an integer from 0 to 4 and R10Is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a halogenated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms, a tetrahydrofuranyl group, a tetrahydropyranyl group, a carbobutoxymethyl group, a carbobutoxyethyl group, a carbobutoxypropyl group, or a trialkylsilyl group. A group (wherein the alkyl group has 1 to 4 carbon atoms), R11Represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a halogenated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. }, Or a formula formed by combining X and Y with a carbon atom in the alicyclic skeleton
[0032]
[Chemical 6]
[0033]
{However, R12Is a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, or -SO having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.2 R13(However, R13Is an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or a halogenated alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. ). } An oxygen-containing heterocyclic structure or a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic structure represented by
[0034]
In the acid dissociable group (ii), -R9 COOR10As, for example, methoxycarbonyl group, ethoxycarbonyl group, n-propoxycarbonyl group, i-propoxycarbonyl group, n-butoxycarbonyl group,i-ButoxyA carbonyl group,sec-butoxyCarbonyl group, t-butoxycarbonyl group, n-pentyloxycarbonyl group, n-hexyloxycarbonyl group, n-heptyloxycarbonyl group, n-octyloxycarbonyl group, n-decyloxycarbonyl group, cyclopentyloxycarbonyl group, cyclohexyl (Cyclo) alkoxycarbonyl groups such as oxycarbonyl group, 4-t-butylcyclohexyloxycarbonyl group, cycloheptyloxycarbonyl group, cyclooctyloxycarbonyl group; phenoxycarbonyl group, 4-t-butylphenoxycarbonyl group, 1-naphthyl Aryloxycarbonyl groups such as oxycarbonyl group; aralkyloxycarbonyl groups such as benzyloxycarbonyl group and 4-t-butylbenzyloxycarbonyl group; methoxycarbonylmethyl , Ethoxycarbonylmethyl group, n- propoxycarbonylmethyl group,i-Propoxycarbonylmethyl group, n-butoxycarbonylmethyl group,i-ButoxyA carbonylmethyl group,sec-butoxy(Cyclo) alkoxycarbonylmethyl groups such as carbonylmethyl group, t-butoxycarbonylmethyl group, cyclohexyloxycarbonylmethyl group, 4-t-butylcyclohexyloxycarbonylmethyl group; phenoxycarbonylmethyl group, 1-naphthyloxycarbonylmethyl group, etc. Aryloxycarbonylmethyl group, aralkyloxycarbonylmethyl group such as benzyloxycarbonylmethyl group and 4-t-butylbenzyloxycarbonylmethyl group; 2-methoxycarbonylethyl group, 2-ethoxycarbonylethyl group, 2-n-propoxy Carbonylethyl group, 2-i-Propoxycarbonylethyl group, 2-n-butoxycarbonylethyl group, 2-i-ButoxyCarbonylethyl group, 2-sec-butoxy(Cyclo) alkoxycarbonylethyl groups such as carbonylethyl group, 2-t-butoxycarbonylethyl group, 2-cyclohexyloxycarbonylethyl group, 2- (4-butylcyclohexyloxycarbonyl) ethyl group; 2-phenoxycarbonylethyl group, 2-aryloxycarbonylethyl group such as 2- (1-naphthyloxycarbonyl) ethyl group; 2-aralkyloxycarbonyl such as 2-benzyloxycarbonylethyl group and 2- (4-t-butylbenzyloxycarbonyl) ethyl group An ethyl group etc. can be mentioned.
[0035]
-R9 OCOR11As, for example, acetyloxy group, propionyloxy group, butyryloxy group, valeryloxy group, caproyloxy group, heptanoyloxy group, octanoyloxy group, nonanoyloxy group, decanoyloxy group, undecanoyloxy group, cyclohexylcarbonyloxy group (Cyclo) acyloxy groups such as 4-t-butylcyclohexylcarbonyloxy group; arylcarbonyloxy groups such as benzoyloxy group, 4-t-butylbenzoyloxy group and 1-naphthoyloxy group; benzylcarbonyloxy group, 4 Aralkylcarbonyloxy groups such as t-butylbenzylcarbonyloxy group; acetyloxycarbonylmethyl group, propionyloxycarbonylmethyl group, butyryloxycarbonylmethyl group, cyclohexylcarbo (Cyclo) acyloxymethyl groups such as ruoxymethyl group and 4-t-butylcyclohexylcarbonyloxymethyl group; arylcarbonyloxymethyl groups such as benzoyloxymethyl group and 1-naphthoyloxymethyl group; benzylcarbonyloxymethyl group, 4 An aralkylcarbonyloxymethyl group such as -t-butylbenzylcarbonyloxymethyl group; 2-acetyloxyethyl group, 2-propionyloxyethyl group, 2-butyryloxyethyl group, 2-cyclohexylcarbonyloxyethyl group, 2- ( 2- (cyclo) acyloxyethyl groups such as 4-t-butylcyclohexylcarbonyloxy) ethyl group; 2-arylcarbonyloxyethyl groups such as 2-benzoyloxyethyl group and 2- (1-naphthoyloxy) ethyl group ; 2-benji Carbonyloxy ethyl group, 2- (4-t-butylbenzyl-carbonyloxy) 2 aralkylcarbonyloxy ethyl group or ethyl group, and the like.
-R9 Examples of CN include a cyano group, a cyanomethyl group, a 2-cyanoethyl group, a 2-cyanopropyl group, a 3-cyanopropyl group, and a 4-cyanobutyl group.
Of these acid dissociable groups (ii), -R9 COOR10Is more preferable, -COOR is more preferable10Particularly preferred are methoxycarbonyl group, t-butoxycarbonyl group, tetrahydropyranyloxycarbonyl group, dicarboxyanhydride group and the like.
[0036]
Furthermore, examples of the halogen atoms of A, B, X and Y in the formula (2) and the formula (3) include F, Cl, Br, I and the like, and monovalent valence having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. As the hydrocarbon group, for example, a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group,i-Propyl group, n-butyl group,i-ButylGroup,sec-butylGroups, t-butyl groups, n-hexyl groups, n-octyl groups, n-decyl groups, cyclopentyl groups, cyclohexyl groups, cycloheptyl groups, cyclooctyl groups and the like (cyclo) alkyl groups; phenyl groups, 4-t- Examples thereof include aryl groups such as butylphenyl group and 1-naphthyl group; aralkyl groups such as benzyl group and 4-t-butylbenzyl group, etc., and monovalent halogenated hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 10 carbon atoms. For example, the halogenated derivative of the said C1-C10 monovalent hydrocarbon group can be mentioned.
[0037]
Resin (II) can be produced, for example, by the following methods (d) to (h).
(D) An acid-dissociable group (ii) -containing norbornene derivative corresponding to the repeating unit represented by formula (2) or formula (3) (hereinafter, these derivatives are collectively referred to as “norbornene derivative (α)”). Optionally ring-opening (co) polymerizing with other unsaturated alicyclic compounds capable of ring-opening copolymerization,
(E) a method of radical copolymerizing a norbornene derivative (α) and a copolymerizable unsaturated compound such as ethylene and maleic anhydride,
(F) A method in which the resin obtained by the method (d) or (e) is partially hydrolyzed and / or solvolyzed by a conventional method,
(G) A method of introducing an acid dissociable group (ii) by a conventional method into at least a part of the acidic functional group in the resin obtained by the method (f),
(H) The acid dissociable group (ii) corresponding to the repeating unit represented by formula (2) or formula (3) contains an acidic functional group in which the acid dissociable group (ii) in the norbornene derivative is dissociated Norbornene derivatives (hereinafter, these derivatives are collectively referred to as “norbornene derivatives (β)”) of ring-opening (co) polymerization or radical copolymerization of the acidic functional group in the (co) polymer obtained. A method of introducing an acid dissociable group (ii) into at least a part by a conventional method.
[0038]
Examples of the norbornene derivative (α) include:
5-methoxycarbonylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene,
5-ethoxycarbonylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene,
5-n-propoxycarbonylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene,
5-i-propoxycarbonylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene,
5-n-butoxycarbonylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene,
5-t-butoxycarbonylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene,
5-cyclohexyloxycarbonylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene,
5- (4'-t-butylcyclohexyloxy) carbonylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene,
5-phenoxycarbonylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene,
5-tetrahydrofuranyloxycarbonylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene,
5-tetrahydropyranyloxycarbonylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene,
5-acetyloxybicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene,
5-cyanobicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene,
5-methyl-5-methoxycarbonylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene,
5-methyl-5-ethoxycarbonylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene,
5-methyl-5-n-propoxycarbonylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene,
5-methyl-5-i-propoxycarbonylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene,
5-methyl-5-n-butoxycarbonylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene,
5-methyl-5-t-butoxycarbonylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene,
5-methyl-5-cyclohexyloxycarbonylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene,
5-methyl-5- (4'-t-butylcyclohexyloxy) carbonylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene,
5-methyl-5-phenoxycarbonylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene,
5-methyl-5-tetrahydrofuranyloxycarbonylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene,
5-methyl-5-tetrahydropyranyloxycarbonylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene,
5,6-dicarboxyanhydride bicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene,
[0039]
8-methoxycarbonyltetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8-Ethoxycarbonyltetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8-n-propoxycarbonyltetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8-i-propoxycarbonyltetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8-n-butoxycarbonyltetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8-t-butoxycarbonyltetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8-cyclohexyloxycarbonyltetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 .
17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8- (4'-t-butylcyclohexyloxy) carbonyltetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8-phenoxycarbonyltetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8-tetrahydrofuranyloxycarbonyltetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] -3-dodecene,
8-tetrahydropyranyloxycarbonyltetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] -3-dodecene,
8-Methyl-8-methoxycarbonyltetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 .
17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8-Methyl-8-ethoxycarbonyltetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 .
17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8-Methyl-8-n-propoxycarbonyltetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8-Methyl-8-i-propoxycarbonyltetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8-Methyl-8-n-butoxycarbonyltetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8-methyl-8-t-butoxycarbonyltetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8-methyl-8-cyclohexyloxycarbonyltetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8-methyl-8- (4'-t-butylcyclohexyloxy) carbonyltetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8-Methyl-8-phenoxycarbonyltetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 .
17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8-Methyl-8-tetrahydrofuranyloxycarbonyltetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] -3-dodecene,
8-Methyl-8-tetrahydropyranyloxycarbonyltetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] -3-dodecene,
8,9-Dicarboxyanhydride tetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 .
17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene
Etc.
These norbornene derivatives (α) can be used alone or in admixture of two or more.
[0040]
Examples of other unsaturated alicyclic compounds capable of ring-opening copolymerization with the norbornene derivative (α) include:
Bicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene,
Bicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene-5-carboxylic acid,
5-methylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene-5-carboxylic acid,
5-methylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene,
5-ethylbicyclo [2.2.1] hept-2-ene,
Tetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8-methyltetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8-ethyltetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
Tetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 Dodec-3-ene-8-carboxylic acid,
8-methyltetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 Dodec-3-ene-8-carboxylic acid,
8-Fluorotetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8-fluoromethyltetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8-difluoromethyltetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8-trifluoromethyltetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8-Pentafluoroethyltetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8,8-difluorotetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8,9-difluorotetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8,8-bis (trifluoromethyl) tetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 .
17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8,9-bis (trifluoromethyl) tetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 .
17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8-Methyl-8-trifluoromethyltetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 .
17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8,8,9-trifluorotetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8,8,9-Tris (trifluoromethyl) tetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8,8,9,9-tetrafluorotetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8,8,9,9-tetrakis (trifluoromethyl) tetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8,8-difluoro-9,9-bis (trifluoromethyl) tetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8,9-difluoro-8,9-bis (trifluoromethyl) tetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8,8,9-trifluoro-9-trifluoromethyltetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8,8,9-trifluoro-9-trifluoromethoxytetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8,8,9-trifluoro-9-pentafluoropropoxytetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8-Fluoro-8-pentafluoroethyl-9,9-bis (trifluoromethyl) tetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8,9-difluoro-8-i-Heptafluoropropyl-9-trifluoromethyltetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8-chloro-8,9,9-trifluorotetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 .
17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8,9-Dichloro-8,9-bis (trifluoromethyl) tetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8- (2,2,2-trifluorocarboxyethyl) tetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
8-Methyl-8- (2,2,2-trifluorocarboxyethyl) tetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10 ] Dodec-3-ene,
Cyclobutene, cyclopentene, cyclooctene, 1,5-cyclooctadiene, 1,5,9-cyclododecatriene, 5-ethylidenenorbornene, dicyclopentadiene, tricyclo [5.2.1.02,6 ] Dec-8-ene, tricyclo [5.2.1.02,6 ] Dec-3-ene, tricyclo [4.4.0.12,5 ] Undec-3-ene, tricyclo [6.2.1.0]1,8 ] Undec-9-ene, tricyclo [6.2.1.01,8 ] Undec-4-ene, tetracyclo [4.4.0.12,5 . 17, 10. 01,6 ] Dodec-3-ene, 8-methyltetracyclo [4.4.0.1]2,5 . 17, 10. 01,6 ] Dodec-3-ene, 8-ethylidenetetracyclo [4.4.0.1]2,5 . 17,12 ] Dodec-3-ene, 8-ethylidenetetracyclo [4.4.0.1]2,5 . 17, 10. 01,6 ] Dodec-3-ene, pentacyclo [6.5.1.13, 6 . 02,7 . 09,13 ] Pentadec-4-ene, pentacyclo [7.4.0.1]2,5 . 19,12. 08,13 ] Pentadec-3-ene
Etc.
These other unsaturated alicyclic compounds can be used alone or in admixture of two or more.
The content of repeating units derived from other unsaturated alicyclic compounds in the resin (II) is usually 50 mol% or less, preferably 40 mol% or less, based on all repeating units in the resin (II). More preferably, it is 30 mol% or less.
Moreover, as a norbornene derivative ((beta)), the compound which converted the ester group in the compound illustrated about the said norbornene derivative ((alpha)) into the carboxyl group can be mentioned.
[0041]
The ring-opening (co) polymerization in the method (d) uses, for example, a metathesis catalyst, and an activator (for example, boron compound, silicon compound, alcohol, water, etc.), molecular weight regulator (for example) For example, it can be carried out in a suitable solvent in the presence of α-olefins, α, ω-diolefins, vinyl aromatic compounds and the like.
The metathesis catalyst is usually at least one selected from the group of W, Mo or Re compounds (hereinafter referred to as “specific transition metal compounds”), and the Deming periodic table IA, IIA, IIIA, IVA or IVB. It consists of a group metal compound and a combination with at least one selected from the group of compounds having a metal-carbon bond or metal-hydrogen bond (hereinafter referred to as “specific organometallic compound etc.”).
Specific transition metal compounds include, for example, WCl6, WCl5, WCl4, WBr6, WF6 , WI6 , MoCl5 , MoCl4 , MoCl3 , ReCl3 , WOCl4 , WOCl3 , WOBr3 , MoOCl3, MoOBr3, ReOCl3, ReOBr3, WCl2(OC2H5)4, W (OC2H5)6 , MoCl3(OC2H5)2 , Mo (OC2H5)5, WO2(Acac)2(However, acac represents an acetylacetonate residue.) MoO2(Acac)2 , W (OCOR)5(However, OCOR represents a carboxylic acid residue.) Mo (OCOR)5 , W (CO)6, Mo (CO)6 , Re2(CO)10 , WCl5・ P (C6H5)3, MoCl5・ P (C6H5)3, ReOBr3・ P (C6H5)3, WCl6・ NC5H5 , W (CO)5・ P (C6H5)3, W (CO)3・ (CH3CN)3Etc.
These specific transition metal compounds can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
Moreover, as a specific organometallic compound etc., for example, n-C4H9Li, n-C5H11Na, C6H5Na, CH3MgI, C2H5MgBr, CH3MgBr, n-C3H7MgCl, t-C4H9MgCl, CH2= CHCH2MgCl 2, (C2H5)2Zn, (C2H5)2Cd, CaZn (C2H5)4 , (CH3)3B, (C2H5)3B, (n-C4H9)3B, (CH3)3Al, (CH3)2AlCl, CH3AlCl2, (CH3)3Al2Cl3, (C2H5)3Al, (C2H5)3Al2Cl3 , (C2H5)2Al · O (C2H5)2, (C2H5)2AlCl, C2H5AlCl2 , (C2H5)2AlH, (C2H5)2AlOC2H5, (C2H5)2AlCN, LiAl (C2H5)2 , (N-C3H7)3Al, (i-C4H9)3Al, (i-C4H9)2AlH, (n-C6H13)3Al, (n-C8H17)3Al, (C6H5)3Al, (CH3)4Ga, (CH3)4Sn, (n-C4H9)4Sn, (C2H5)3SnH, LiH 2, NaH 2, B2H6, NaBH4 , AlH3LiAlH4TiH4Etc.
These specific organometallic compounds can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
The radical copolymerization in the method (e) can be carried out in a suitable solvent using a radical polymerization catalyst such as hydroperoxides, dialkyl peroxides, diacyl peroxides, azo compounds and the like. .
In addition, the ring-opening (co) polymerization or radical copolymerization in the method (h) can be carried out in the same manner as the method (d) or (e).
As the resin (II), those having a small number of carbon / carbon unsaturated bonds are preferable from the viewpoint of transparency to radiation. Such a resin (II) can be used, for example, at an appropriate stage in the above-mentioned method (d) or the above-mentioned ring-opening (co) polymerization method (h), or following these methods. It can be obtained by performing an addition reaction such as halogen addition or hydrogen halide addition, and a resin obtained by hydrogenation reaction is particularly preferred. In addition, the resin (II) obtained by the method (e) and the radical (co) polymerization method (h) has substantially no carbon-carbon unsaturated bond.
The hydrogenation rate in the hydrogenated resin (II) is preferably 70% or more, more preferably 90% or more, and particularly preferably 100%.
[0042]
The polystyrene-reduced weight molecular weight (hereinafter referred to as “Mw”) of the acid-dissociable group-containing resin measured by gel permeation chromatography is usually 1,000 to 300,000, preferably 3,000 to 200,000, More preferably, it is 5,000-100,000.
BookIn the invention, the acid-dissociable group-containing resins can be used alone or in admixture of two or more.
[0043]
As the resin (II), the following resin (II-1), resin (II-2) and resin (II-3) are particularly preferable.
Resin (II-1) is a resin containing a repeating unit represented by the following formula (4).
[0044]
[Chemical 7]
[0045]
[In Formula (4), n and A are synonymous with Formula (2) and Formula (3), respectively, and X is an acid.dissociationRepresents a sex group. ]
Resin (II-2) is a random copolymer containing a repeating unit represented by the following general formula (4) and a repeating unit represented by the following formula (5).
[0046]
[Chemical 7]
[0047]
[Chemical 8]
[0048]
[In Formula (4) and General Formula (5), n and m are each independently 0 or 1, and A and B are synonymous with Formula (2) and Formula (3), respectively, and X is acid-dissociable. Indicates a group. ]
The molar ratio of the repeating unit represented by the formula (4) to the repeating unit represented by the formula (5) in the resin (II-2) is usually 20/80 to 95/5, preferably 30/70 to 90/10.
Resin (II-3) is a random copolymer containing a repeating unit represented by the following formula (6), and further optionally containing a repeating unit represented by the following formula (7).
[0049]
[Chemical 9]
[0050]
[Chemical Formula 10]
[0051]
[In Formula (6) and Formula (7), A, B, X, and Y are synonymous with Formula (2) and Formula (3), respectively. ]
The molar ratio of the repeating unit represented by the formula (6) to the repeating unit represented by the formula (7) in the resin (II-3) is usually 5/95 to 100/0, preferably 10/90 to 90/10.
[0077]
BookThe blending ratio of each component in the positive-type radiation-sensitive resin composition of the invention varies depending on the desired characteristics of the resist, but preferred blending ratios are as follows.
The compounding amount of the acid generator (A) is usually 0.1 to 20 parts by weight, preferably 0.5 to 15 parts by weight, particularly preferably 0.7 to 7 parts per 100 parts by weight of the acid dissociable group-containing resin. Parts by weight. In this case, if the blending amount of the acid generator (A) is less than 0.1 parts by weight, the sensitivity and resolution tend to decrease, and if it exceeds 20 parts by weight, the resist coatability and pattern shape deteriorate. It tends to be easy to do.
BookMore specifically showing the blending ratio of each component in the invention,
Preferably,
[1-1] 0.1 to 15 parts by weight of an acid generator (A) and 100 parts by weight of an acid dissociable group-containing resin,
More preferably,
[1-3] 0.5-12 parts by weight of an acid generator (A) and 100 parts by weight of an acid-dissociable group-containing resin,
Particularly preferably,
[1-5] 0.7 to 7 parts by weight of an acid generator (A) and 100 parts by weight of an acid-dissociable group-containing resin.
[0079]
further,BookVarious additives such as a functional compound, a surfactant, and a Lewis base additive can be blended in the positive radiation sensitive resin composition of the invention as necessary.
The functional compound has an action of improving dry etching resistance and pattern shape.
Examples of such functional compounds include 1-adamantanol, 3-adamantanol, 1-adamantane methanol, 3-adamantane methanol, 1,3-diadamantanol, 1,3-adamantane dimethanol, 1-adamantane. Carboxylic acid, 3-adamantanecarboxylic acid, 1,3-adamantanedicarboxylic acid, 1-adamantaneacetic acid, 3-adamantaneacetic acid, 1,3-adamantanediacetic acid, 3-methyl-2-norbornanemethanol, mirtanol, camphoric acid Cis-bicyclo [3.3.0] octane-2-carboxylic acid, 2-hydroxy-3-pinanone, camphanic acid, 3-hydroxy-4,7,7-trimethylbicyclo [2.2.1] heptane -2-acetic acid, 1,5-decalindiol, 4,8-dihydroxytricyclo [5 .2.1.02,6 ] Decane, borneol, 1-noradamantanecarboxylic acid, 3-noradamantanecarboxylic acid, 2-norbornaneacetic acid, 1,3-norbornanediol, 2,3-norbornanediol, 2,5-norbornanediol, 2,6-norbornane Diol, 4-pentylbicyclo [2.2.2] octane-1-carboxylic acid, pinanediol, 1-naphthalenemethanol, 2-naphthalenemethanol, 1-naphthol, 2-naphthol, 1-naphthalenecarboxylic acid, 2-naphthalenecarboxylic acid Acid, (1-naphthyloxy) acetic acid, (2-naphthyloxy) acetic acid, 1-naphthylacetic acid, 2-naphthylacetic acid, 1,2-naphthalenediethanol, 1,3-naphthalenediethanol, 1,4-naphthalenedi Methanol, 1,5-naphthalenediethanol, 1,6 Naphthalene diethanol, 1,7-naphthalene diethanol, 1,8-naphthalene diethanol, 2,3-naphthalene diethanol, 2,6-naphthalene diethanol, 2,7-naphthalene diethanol, 1,2-dihydroxynaphthalene 1,3-dihydroxynaphthalene, 1,4-dihydroxynaphthalene, 1,5-dihydroxynaphthalene, 1,6-dihydroxynaphthalene, 1,7-dihydroxynaphthalene, 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene, 2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene, 2,6-dihydroxynaphthalene, 2,7-dihydroxynaphthalene, (1,2-naphthyloxy) diacetic acid, (1,3-naphthyloxy) diacetic acid, (1,4-naphthyloxy) diacetic acid, (1, 5-naphthyloxy) diacetic acid, (1,6-naphthyloxy) Diacetic acid, (1,7-naphthyloxy) diacetic acid, (1,8-naphthyloxy) diacetic acid, (2,3-naphthyloxy) diacetic acid, (2,6-naphthyloxy) diacetic acid, (2, 7-naphthyloxy) diacetic acid, 1,2-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 1,3-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 1,4-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 1,5-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 1,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 1, 7-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 1,8-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2,3-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 2,7-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 1,2-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, 1,3- Naphthalenediacetic acid, 1,4-naphthalenediacetic acid, 1,5-naphthalenediacetic acid, 1,6-naphthalenediacetic acid, 1,7-naphthalenediacetic acid, 1,8-naphth Talendiacetic acid, 2,3-naphthalenediacetic acid, 2,6-naphthalenediacetic acid, 2,7-naphthalenediacetic acid, 3-hydroxy-1,8-dicarboxynaphthalene, 1-hydroxy-2-carboxynaphthalene, 3- Hydroxy-2-carboxynaphthalene, 4-hydroxy-2-carboxynaphthalene, 5-hydroxy-2-carboxynaphthalene, 6-hydroxy-2-carboxynaphthalene, 7-hydroxy-2-carboxynaphthalene, 8-hydroxy-2-carboxy Naphthalene, 2-hydroxy-1-carboxynaphthalene, 3-hydroxy-1-carboxynaphthalene, 4-hydroxy-1-carboxynaphthalene, 5-hydroxy-1-carboxynaphthalene, 6-hydroxy-1-carboxynaphthalene, 7-hydroxy -1-ka Boxynaphthalene, 8-hydroxy-1-carboxynaphthalene, 1-carboxy-2-naphthyloxyacetic acid, 3-carboxy-2-naphthyloxyacetic acid, 4-carboxy-2-naphthyloxyacetic acid, 5-carboxy-2-naphthyl Oxyacetic acid, 6-carboxy-2-naphthyloxyacetic acid, 7-carboxy-2-naphthyloxyacetic acid, 8-carboxy-2-naphthyloxyacetic acid, 2-carboxy-1-naphthyloxyacetic acid, 3-carboxy-1-naphthyl Oxyacetic acid, 4-carboxy-1-naphthyloxyacetic acid, 5-carboxy-1-naphthyloxyacetic acid, 6-carboxy-1-naphthyloxyacetic acid, 7-carboxy-1-naphthyloxyacetic acid, 8-carboxy-1-naphthyl Oxyacetic acid, etc., carboxyl groups in these compounds or Compound obtained by substituting hydrogen atom in groups with an acid dissociable group can be given. Here, examples of the acid dissociable group include the same acid dissociable groups (i) and acid dissociable groups (ii) exemplified for the acid dissociable group-containing resin. These functional compounds can be used alone or in admixture of two or more.
The usage-amount of a functional compound is 50 parts weight or less normally with respect to 100 weight part of acid dissociable group containing resin or alkali-soluble resin.
[0080]
The surfactant has an effect of improving coatability, striation, developability and the like.
Examples of the surfactant include polyoxyethylene lauryl ether, polyoxyethylene stearyl ether, polyoxyethylene oleyl ether, polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether, polyethylene glycol dilaurate, polyethylene glycol distearate. In addition to nonionic surfactants such as KP341 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), Polyflow No. 75, no. 95 (manufactured by Kyoeisha Yushi Chemical Co., Ltd.), F-top EF301, EF303, EF352 (manufactured by Tochem Products), Megafax F171, F173 (manufactured by Dainippon Ink and Chemicals), Florard FC430, FC431 (manufactured by Sumitomo 3M) Asahi Guard AG710, Surflon S-382, SC-101, SC-102, SC-103, SC-104, SC-105, SC-106 (manufactured by Asahi Glass) and the like.
These surfactants can be used alone or in admixture of two or more.
The compounding quantity of surfactant is 2 parts weight or less normally with respect to 100 weight part of all the resin components in a radiation sensitive resin composition.
[0081]
The Lewis base additive is a compound that acts as a Lewis base for acids generated from the acid generator (A) and / or other acid generators. By adding the additive, a resist pattern is obtained. It is possible to more effectively improve the verticality of the side walls.
Examples of such Lewis base additives include nitrogen-containing basic compounds and salts thereof, carboxylic acids, alcohols and the like, and nitrogen-containing basic compounds are preferable.
Specific examples of the nitrogen-containing basic compound include triethylamine, tri-n-propylamine, and triethylamine.-I-Propylamine, tri-n-butylamine, tri-n-hexylamine, triethanolamine, triphenylamine, aniline, N, N-dimethylaniline, 2-methylaniline, 3-methylaniline, 4-methylaniline, 4-nitroaniline , 1-naphthylamine, 2-naphthylamine, diphenylamine, ethylenediamine, tetramethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, pyrrolidine, piperidine and other amine compounds; imidazole, 4-methylimidazole, 4-methyl-2-phenylimidazole, thiabendazole, benzimidazole, etc. Imidazole compounds; pyridine, 2-methylpyridine, 4-ethylpyridine, 2-hydroxypyridine, 4-hydroxypyridine, 2-phenylpyridine, 4-phenylpyridine, nico Pyridine compounds such as acid, nicotinamide, quinoline, acridine; purine, 1,3,5-triazine, triphenyl-1,3,5-triazine, 1,2,3-triazole, 1,2,4- Other nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compounds such as triazole and urazole can be exemplified. These nitrogen-containing basic compounds can be used alone or in admixture of two or more.
The compounding quantity of a Lewis base additive is 1 mol or less normally with respect to 1 mol of acid generators (A), Preferably it is 0.05-1 mol. In this case, when the compounding amount of the Lewis base additive exceeds 1 mol, the sensitivity as a resist tends to be lowered.
Examples of additives other than those described above include antihalation agents, adhesion assistants, storage stabilizers, and antifoaming agents.
[0082]
Preparation of composition solution
BookThe positive-type radiation-sensitive resin composition of the invention is usually used in a filter having a pore size of about 0.2 μm after being dissolved in a solvent such that the total solid content is, for example, 5 to 50% by weight. The solution is prepared as a composition solution.
Examples of the solvent used for preparing the composition solution include n-propyl alcohol, i-propyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, t-butyl alcohol, cyclohexanol, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, Ethylene glycol mono-n-propyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol di-n-propyl ether, diethylene glycol di-n-butyl ether, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether Acetate, ethylene glycol mono-n-propyl ether acetate, propylene glycol Monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol mono-n-propyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol mono-n-propyl ether acetate, toluene, xylene, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl n -Propyl ketone, i-propyl ketone, methyl n-butyl ketone, methyl i-butyl ketone, 2-heptanone, 3-heptanone, 4-heptanone, cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone, methyl 2-hydroxypropionate, ethyl 2-hydroxypropionate 2-ethyl-2-hydroxy-2-methylpropionate, ethyl ethoxyacetate, ethyl hydroxyacetate, 2-hydroxy-3-methyl Methyl butyrate, 3-methoxybutyl acetate, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutyl acetate, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutylpropionate, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutylbutyrate, ethyl acetate, n-propyl acetate N-butyl acetate, methyl acetoacetate, ethyl acetoacetate, methyl 3-methoxypropionate, ethyl 3-ethoxypropionate, methyl pyruvate, ethyl pyruvate, N-methylpyrrolidone, N, N-dimethylformamide, N, N-dimethylacetamide, benzyl ethyl ether, dihexyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, acetonyl acetone, isophorone, caproic acid, caprylic acid, 1-octanol, 1-nonanol, benzyl alcohol And alcohol, benzyl acetate, ethyl benzoate, diethyl oxalate, diethyl maleate, γ-butyrolactone, ethylene carbonate, and propylene carbonate.
These solvents are used alone or in admixture of two or more.
[0083]
Method for forming resist pattern
BookWhen forming a resist pattern from the positive radiation-sensitive resin composition of the invention, the composition solution prepared as described above is applied by appropriate coating means such as spin coating, cast coating, roll coating, and the like. For example, a resist film is formed by coating on a substrate such as a silicon wafer or a wafer coated with aluminum, and the resist film is exposed to form a predetermined resist pattern after pre-baking in some cases. To do. As radiation used in this case, near ultraviolet rays such as i-line (wavelength 365 nm), bright line spectrum of mercury lamp (wavelength 254 nm), far ultraviolet rays such as KrF excimer laser (wavelength 248 nm) or ArF excimer laser (wavelength 193 nm), Various types of radiation such as X-rays such as synchrotron radiation and charged particle beams such as electron beams can be used.
In forming the resist pattern, it is preferable to perform a heat treatment after exposure (hereinafter referred to as “post-exposure baking”). The heating conditions for post-exposure baking vary depending on the composition of the composition, but are usually 30 to 200 ° C, preferably 50 to 170 ° C.
In order to maximize the potential of the radiation-sensitive resin composition, as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-12458, an organic or inorganic antireflection film is used on the substrate to be used. In order to prevent the influence of basic impurities and the like contained in the environmental atmosphere, a protective film is formed on the resist film as disclosed in, for example, JP-A-5-188598. Can be provided, or these techniques can be used in combination.
Next, the exposed resist film is developed to form a predetermined resist pattern.
Examples of the developer used for forming the resist pattern include sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, sodium carbonate, sodium silicate, sodium metasilicate, aqueous ammonia, ethylamine, n-propylamine, diethylamine, diamine, and the like. -N-propylamine, triethylamine, methyldiethylamine, dimethylethylamine, triethanolamine, tetramethylammonium hydroxide, pyrrole, piperidine, choline, 1,8-diazabicyclo [5.4.0] -7-undecene, 1,5 An alkaline aqueous solution in which at least one alkaline compound such as diazabicyclo [4.3.0] -5-nonene is dissolved is preferable. The concentration of the alkaline aqueous solution is usually 10% by weight or less. In this case, if the concentration of the alkaline aqueous solution exceeds 10% by weight, the unexposed area is also dissolved in the developer, which is not preferable.
In addition, for example, an organic solvent can be added to the developer composed of the alkaline aqueous solution.
Specific examples of the organic solvent include ketones such as acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl i-butyl ketone, cyclopentanone, cyclohexanone, 3-methyl-2-cyclopentanone, and 2,6-dimethylcyclohexanone; methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol , N-propyl alcohol, i-propyl alcohol, n-butyl alcohol, t-butyl alcohol, cyclopentanol, cyclohexanol, 1,4-hexanediol, 1,4-hexanedimethylol, and the like; tetrahydrofuran, dioxane Ethers such as ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, and i-amyl acetate; aromatic hydrocarbons such as toluene and xylene; phenol, acetonyl acetone, dimethylformamide, and the like.
These organic solvents can be used alone or in admixture of two or more.
The amount of the organic solvent used is preferably 100% by volume or less with respect to the alkaline aqueous solution. In this case, if the amount of the organic solvent used exceeds 100% by volume, the developability deteriorates and the undeveloped residue in the exposed area becomes remarkable, which is not preferable.
In addition, an appropriate amount of a surfactant or the like can be added to the developer composed of an alkaline aqueous solution.
In addition, after developing with the developing solution which consists of alkaline aqueous solution, generally it wash | cleans with water and dries.
[0084]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the embodiment of the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to these examples.
Measurement of Mw and evaluation of each resist in Examples and Comparative Examples were performed as follows.
Mw
Tosoh Corporation GPC column (G2000HXLTwo, G3000HXLOne, G4000HXLAnd a gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using monodisperse polystyrene as a standard under analysis conditions of a flow rate of 1.0 ml / min, an elution solvent tetrahydrofuran, and a column temperature of 40 ° C.
sensitivity
The exposure amount for forming a line-and-space pattern (1L1S) having a line width of 0.3 μm in a one-to-one line width was defined as the optimum exposure amount, and this optimum exposure amount was defined as sensitivity.
resolution
The minimum dimension (μm) of the resist pattern resolved when exposed at the optimum exposure amount was defined as the resolution.
Pattern shape
Measure a lower side dimension La and an upper side dimension Lb of a 1L1S rectangular cross section formed on a silicon wafer with a line width of 0.3 μm using a scanning electron microscope.
0.85 ≦ Lb / La ≦ 1
If the pattern shape is “good” if there is no pattern gap or pattern upper layer in the vicinity of the substrate, the pattern shape is “bad” if it does not satisfy at least one of these conditions. "
Residual film rate
The ratio of the post-development thickness (%) to the pre-development thickness of the resist pattern resolved when exposed at the optimum exposure amount was defined as the remaining film ratio.
[0085]
Each component used in each example and comparative example is as follows.
Positive radiation sensitive resin composition
Acid generator (A):
(A-2) 4-Methoxy-1-naphthyltetrahydrothiophenium trifluoromethanesulfonate
(A-3) 4-n-Butoxy-1-naphthyltetrahydrothiophenium trifluoromethanesulfonate
(A-4) 4-t-Butoxy-1-naphthyltetrahydrothiophenium trifluoromethanesulfonate
(A-5) 4-n-butoxy-1-naphthyltetrahydrothiophenium-n-nonafluorobutanesulfonate
Other acid generators:
(A-1) Triphenylsulfonium trifluoromethanesulfonate
Acid-dissociable group-containing resin:
(B1-1) Resin in which 26 mol% of the phenolic hydroxyl group of poly (hydroxystyrene) is substituted with a t-butoxycarbonyl group (Mw = 9,000)
(B1-5) Copolymer of tetrahydropyranyl acrylate, tricyclodecanyl acrylate and 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate (copolymerization molar ratio = 4: 5: 1, Mw = 13,000)
[0089]
(B1-8) A copolymer comprising a repeating unit represented by the following formula (20-1) and a repeating unit represented by the following formula (20-2) (copolymerization molar ratio = 55/45, Mw = 12,000)
[0090]
Embedded image
[0091]
Alkali solubility control agent:
(B2-2) Following formula (21)
[0092]
Embedded image
[0093]
Other ingredients:
As Lewis base additive,
(E-1) Tri-n-butylamine
Use
As solvent
(S-1) Ethyl 2-hydroxypropionate
(S-3) 2-Heptanone
Was used.
[0095]
【Example】
Example 14Comparative Example 1
Each component shown in Table 1 (where parts are based on weight) was mixed to obtain a uniform solution, and then filtered through a membrane filter having a pore size of 0.2 μm to prepare a composition solution.
Next, each composition solution was spin-coated on a silicone wafer and then pre-baked on a hot plate maintained at 100 ° C. for 5 minutes to form a resist film having a thickness of 1.1 μm. Thereafter, each resist film was subjected to a mask pattern in Example 1 and Comparative Example 1, using a KrF excimer laser exposure machine (trade name NSR-2005EX8A) manufactured by Nikon Corporation.2~4Then, it exposed by changing the exposure amount using the ArF excimer laser exposure machine (lens numerical aperture = 0.55) by Nikon Corporation. Next, after baking for 1 minute after exposure on a hot plate maintained at 110 ° C., development was performed with an aqueous 2.38 wt% tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution at 25 ° C. for 1 minute, washed with water, and dried. A resist pattern was formed.
The evaluation results of each example and comparative example 1 are shown in Table 2.
[0096]
[Table 1]
[0097]
[Table 2]
[0098]
【The invention's effect】
The positive radiation-sensitive resin composition of the present invention is particularly excellent in sensitivity by using a specific salt as the acid generator (A), and is excellent in resolution, pattern shape, remaining film ratio, and the like. . Moreover,The present inventionofPositive typeThe radiation sensitive resin composition can effectively respond to various types of radiation such as near ultraviolet rays, far ultraviolet rays, X-rays, and charged particle beams.
Therefore, the positive radiation-sensitive resin composition of the present invention is extremely useful as a resist for semiconductor device production, which is expected to become increasingly finer in the future.
Claims (4)
A1 - は1価アニオンを示し、aは4〜7の整数、bは1〜7の整数である。〕で表される感放射線性酸発生剤、並びに
(B1)酸解離性基を含有するアルカリ不溶性またはアルカリ難溶性の樹脂であって、該酸解離性基が解離したときにアルカリ可溶性となる樹脂
を含有することを特徴とするポジ型感放射線性樹脂組成物。(A) The following formula (1-1)
A 1 - represents a monovalent anion, a is 4-7 integer, b is an integer of 1-7. And (B1) an alkali-insoluble or alkali-insoluble resin containing an acid-dissociable group, which becomes alkali-soluble when the acid-dissociable group is dissociated. A positive-type radiation-sensitive resin composition comprising:
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JP34733097A JP3632410B2 (en) | 1996-12-19 | 1997-12-03 | Positive radiation sensitive resin composition |
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JP8-353866 | 1996-12-19 | ||
JP35386696 | 1996-12-19 | ||
JP34733097A JP3632410B2 (en) | 1996-12-19 | 1997-12-03 | Positive radiation sensitive resin composition |
Related Child Applications (1)
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JP2004228885A Division JP3849700B2 (en) | 1996-12-19 | 2004-08-05 | Negative radiation sensitive resin composition |
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JP3632410B2 true JP3632410B2 (en) | 2005-03-23 |
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