JP3619196B2 - Powdered cement dispersant composition - Google Patents
Powdered cement dispersant composition Download PDFInfo
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- JP3619196B2 JP3619196B2 JP2002017055A JP2002017055A JP3619196B2 JP 3619196 B2 JP3619196 B2 JP 3619196B2 JP 2002017055 A JP2002017055 A JP 2002017055A JP 2002017055 A JP2002017055 A JP 2002017055A JP 3619196 B2 JP3619196 B2 JP 3619196B2
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- component
- weight
- graft copolymer
- cement dispersant
- dispersant composition
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Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 68
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 title claims description 67
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 title claims description 42
- 229920000578 graft copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 58
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 claims description 35
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 polyoxyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 11
- 125000006353 oxyethylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 9
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007259 addition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000007514 bases Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001860 alkaline earth metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005702 oxyalkylene group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002777 acetyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)=O 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007334 copolymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 7
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 description 6
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 2
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920006163 vinyl copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PFHOSZAOXCYAGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(2-cyano-4-methoxy-4-methylpentan-2-yl)diazenyl]-4-methoxy-2,4-dimethylpentanenitrile Chemical compound COC(C)(C)CC(C)(C#N)N=NC(C)(C#N)CC(C)(C)OC PFHOSZAOXCYAGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enal Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=CC=O)=C1OC FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bisulfite Chemical compound OS([O-])=O LSNNMFCWUKXFEE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- YIVJZNGAASQVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lauroyl peroxide Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OOC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC YIVJZNGAASQVEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004373 Pullulan Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001218 Pullulan Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003973 alkyl amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008378 aryl ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011400 blast furnace cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012241 calcium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- JHLNERQLKQQLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium silicate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] JHLNERQLKQQLRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007580 dry-mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005886 esterification reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- NVVZQXQBYZPMLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound O=C.C1=CC=C2C(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 NVVZQXQBYZPMLJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N melamine Chemical compound NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 JDSHMPZPIAZGSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004570 mortar (masonry) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012934 organic peroxide initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- UIIIBRHUICCMAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-ene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC=C UIIIBRHUICCMAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019423 pullulan Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007142 ring opening reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N tributylamine Chemical compound CCCCN(CCCC)CCCC IMFACGCPASFAPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は粉末状セメント分散剤組成物に関し、更に詳しくはモルタルやコンクリートの調製、特にセメント系プレミックス製品の製造に使用される粉末状セメント分散剤組成物に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
近年、セメント分散剤としてポリカルボン酸系の水溶性ビニル共重合体が使用されている。このセメント分散剤は一般に、水系で製造され、水溶液の状態で使用されている。したがって従来、ポリカルボン酸系の水溶性ビニル共重合体を用いた粉末状セメント分散剤乃至粉末状セメント分散剤組成物は、前記のような水溶液から製造されている。かかる粉末状セメント分散剤乃至粉末状セメント分散剤組成物としては、1)前記の水溶液を加熱乾燥して粉砕したもの(特開平11−310444、特開2000−327384)、2)前記の水溶液を無機粉体に吸着させたもの(特開平6−239652、特開平10−45451)が知られている。しかしながら、前記の1)には、乾燥や粉砕にその設備費も含めて膨大な費用がかかり、水溶液によってはそもそも粉状化それ自体が難しいものもあるという問題がある。また前記の2)には、吸着後に乾燥を必要としたり、或はそれを使用したセメント組成物の流動性を低下させたり、初期強度の発現が不充分という問題がある。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明が解決しようとする課題は、経済的且つ簡便に製造でき、またそれを使用したセメント組成物に優れた流動性及び初期強度を付与できる粉末状セメント分散剤組成物を提供する処にある。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
しかして本発明者らは、前記の課題を解決するべく研究した結果、特定の3成分を所定割合で混合したものが正しく好適であることを見出した。
【0005】
すなわち本発明は、下記のA成分を20〜93重量%、B成分を5〜78重量%及びC成分を0.1〜5重量%(合計100重量%)の割合で混合して成ることを特徴とする粉末状セメント分散剤組成物に係る。
【0006】
A成分:下記の第1工程及び第2工程を経て得られるグラフト共重合体、又は更に下記の第3工程を経て得られるグラフト共重合体の塩。
第1工程:下記の式1で示される単量体と無水マレイン酸とを合計で90モル%以上含有し且つ式1で示される単量体/無水マレイン酸=25/75〜50/50(モル比)の割合で含有するラジカル重合性単量体混合物を、溶剤を用いないでラジカル共重合して、数平均分子量3000〜60000の共重合体を得る工程。
第2工程:第1工程で得た共重合体100重量部に対し、脂肪族アルコール及び/又は脂環族アルコール1モル当たりエチレンオキサイドのみ又はエチレンオキサイドとプロピレンオキサイドとを合計2〜50モルの割合で付加反応したポリオキシアルキレンモノ脂肪族エーテル及び/又はポリオキシアルキレンモノ脂環族エーテルを0.2〜25重量部の割合でグラフト反応して、グラフト共重合体を得る工程。
第3工程:第2工程で得たグラフト共重合体を、アルカリ金属水酸化物、アルカリ土類金属水酸化物及びアミン類から選ばれる一つ又は二つ以上の塩基性化合物で部分的に又は完全に中和処理して、グラフト共重合体の塩を得る工程。
【0007】
【式1】
CH2=CH−CH2−O−A−O−R
【0008】
式1において、
R:アセチル基
A:オキシエチレン単位のみ又はオキシエチレン単位とオキシプロピレン単位の双方からなるオキシアルキレン単位の繰り返し数3〜100のポリアルキレングリコールから全ての水酸基を除いた残基
【0009】
B成分:多孔質シリカ微粉末
C成分:消泡剤
【0010】
本発明に用いるA成分は、前記の第1工程及び第2工程を経て得られるグラフト共重合体、又は更に前記の第3工程を経て得られるグラフト共重合体の塩である。第1工程は、ラジカル重合性単量体混合物をラジカル共重合して共重合体を得る工程である。かかる第1工程では、ラジカル重合性単量体混合物として、式1で示される単量体と無水マレイン酸とを必須成分とするものを用いる。
【0011】
式1で示される単量体としては、オキシエチレン単位のみ又はオキシエチレン単位とオキシプロピレン単位の双方からなるオキシアルキレン単位の繰り返し数3〜100のポリオキシアルキレン基を有するα−アリル−ω−アセチル−ポリオキシアルキレンが挙げられる。なかでも、式1中のAがオキシエチレン単位の繰り返し数10〜70のポリエチレングリコールから全ての水酸基を除いた残基である場合のα−アリル−ω−アセチル−ポリオキシエチレンが好ましい。
【0012】
ラジカル重合性単量体混合物を構成する、式1で示される単量体及び無水マレイン酸以外の他のラジカル重合性単量体としては、酢酸ビニル、スチレン、アクリル酸、アクリル酸アルキルエステル、(メタ)アリルスルホン酸又はその塩等が挙げられる。
【0013】
第1工程では、ラジカル重合性単量体混合物として、式1で示される単量体と無水マレイン酸とを合計で90モル%以上、好ましくは95モル%以上含有し、且つ式1で示される単量体/無水マレイン酸=25/75〜50/50(モル比)の割合、好ましくは30/70〜40/60(モル比)の割合で含有するものを用いる。
【0014】
第1工程では、以上説明したラジカル重合性単量体混合物を溶剤を用いないでラジカル共重合して数平均分子量3000〜60000、好ましくは5000〜30000の共重合体を得る。具体的には、ラジカル重合性単量体混合物を反応缶に仕込み、これに窒素雰囲気下でラジカル開始剤を加え、60〜90℃で5〜10時間ラジカル共重合反応させて、共重合体を得る。ここで用いるラジカル開始剤としては、アゾビスイソブチロニトリル、2,2’−アゾビス(4−メトキシ−2,4−ジメチルバレロニトリル)等のアゾ系開始剤、過酸化ベンゾイル、過酸化ラウロイル、クメンハイドロパーオキサイド等の有機過酸化物系開始剤が挙げられる。尚、本発明において、数平均分子量は、GPC法によるプルラン換算の数平均分子量である。
【0015】
第2工程は、第1工程で得た共重合体にポリオキシアルキレンモノ脂肪族エーテル及び/又はポリオキシアルキレンモノ脂環族エーテルをグラフト反応してグラフト共重合体を得る工程である。ここで用いるポリオキシアルキレンモノ脂肪族エーテル及び/又はポリオキシアルキレンモノ脂肪族エーテルは、脂肪族アルコール及び/又は脂環族アルコール1モル当たり、エチレンオキサイドのみ又はエチレンオキサイドとプロピレンオキサイドとを合計2〜50モルの割合でランダム状又はブロック状に付加反応したものであるが、なかでも炭素数1〜18の脂肪族アルコール及び/又は炭素数5又は6の脂環族アルコール1モル当たり、エチレンオキサイドを3〜25モルの割合で付加反応したものが好ましい。かかるポリオキシアルキレンモノ脂肪族エーテル及び/又はポリオキシアルキレンモノ脂環族エーテルそれ自体は公知の方法で合成できる。
【0016】
第2工程では、第1工程で得た共重合体100重量部に対し、以上説明したようなポリオキシアルキレンモノ脂肪族エーテル及び/又はポリオキシアルキレンモノ脂環族エーテルを0.2〜25重量部の割合、好ましくは1〜20重量部の割合でグラフト反応してグラフト共重合体を得る。具体的には、第1工程で得た共重合体と、ポリオキシアルキレンモノ脂肪族エーテル及び/又はポリオキシアルキレンモノ脂環族エーテルと、塩基性触媒とを反応缶に仕込み、窒素雰囲気とした後、100〜110℃で4〜6時間グラフト反応させて、グラフト共重合体を得る。ここで用いる塩基性触媒としては、酸無水物とアルコールとの開環エステル化反応に用いる公知のものが挙げられるが、なかでもアミン触媒が好ましく、低級アルキルアミンがより好ましい。
【0017】
第3工程は、第2工程で得たグラフト共重合体を塩基性化合物で部分的に又は完全に中和処理してグラフト共重合体の塩を得る工程である。かかる塩基性化合物としては、1)水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム等のアルカリ金属水酸化物、2)水酸化カルシウム、水酸化マグネシウム等のアルカリ土類金属水酸化物、3)アンモニア、トリエタノールアミン等のアミン類が挙げられ、これらは1種又は2種以上を使用できる。
【0018】
本発明に用いるB成分は多孔質シリカ微粉末である。多孔質シリカ微粉末は、一般に水ガラスを塩酸等の酸で中和し、析出した沈澱物を水洗し、乾燥して粉末状としたもので、SiO2・nH2Oの組成式で示される非晶質の珪酸から成っている。かかる多孔質シリカ微粉末のなかでも、B成分としては、比表面積が50〜450m2/gで、且つ平均粒径が0.1〜500μmのものが好ましく、特に吸油量(JIS−K5101−19による吸油量)が100ml/100gを超えるものが好ましい。
【0019】
本発明に用いるC成分は消泡剤である。C成分としては、ポリエーテル系消泡剤、アルキルホスフェート系消泡剤、シリコーン系消泡剤等、公知のものを使用できるが、なかでもポリエーテル系消泡剤が好ましい。
【0020】
本発明に係る粉末状セメント分散剤組成物は、以上説明したようなA成分を20〜93重量%、B成分を5〜78重量%及びC成分を0.1〜5重量%(合計100重量%)の割合で混合して成るものであるが、A成分を40〜85重量%、B成分を14〜59重量%及びC成分を0.2〜2重量%(合計100重量%)の割合で混合して成るものが好ましい。A成分は通常、加温して溶融状態としたものを用いるが、かかるA成分、B成分及びC成分の3成分を混合するだけで、乾燥や粉砕することなく、ブロッキングのない、さらっとした感触の、均一な粉末状セメント分散剤組成物を得るためであり、しかもそれを使用したセメント組成物に優れた流動性及び初期強度を付与できる粉末状セメント分散剤組成物を得るためである。
【0021】
本発明に係る粉末状セメント分散剤組成物は、攪拌羽根を備えたミキサーに、結果としてA成分、B成分及びC成分が所定割合となるよう、先ずB成分を投入し、次に予め加温して溶融状態としたA成分にC成分を混合しておいた混合物を攪拌しながら少しづつ投入することにより製造できる。製造物は通常粒径が3000μm以下の粉末状となるが、かかる粉末状セメント分散剤組成物をセメント系プレミックス製品の製造に使用する場合には、その粒径を揃えたものとするのが好ましく、粒径が2000μm以下で且つ平均粒径が1〜1500μmとなるよう篩を用いて分級するのが好ましい。
【0022】
本発明に係る粉末状セメント分散剤組成物を適用するセメントとしては、普通ポルトランドセメント、早強ポルトランドセメント、中庸熱ポルトランドセメント、高ビーライトポルトランドセメント等の各種ポルトランドセメントの他に、高炉セメント、フライアッシュセメント、シリカフュームセメント等の各種混合セメントやアルミナセメントを使用できる。必要に応じて、本発明に係る粉末状セメント分散剤組成物と共に硬化促進剤、硬化遅延剤、増粘剤、防水剤、防腐剤、防錆剤等の添加剤を併用することもできる。
【0023】
本発明に係る粉末状セメント分散剤組成物は、セメント又はセメントと微粉末混和材料とからなる結合材100重量部当たり、通常は0.03〜10重量部の割合となるよう用いるが、0.1〜5重量部の割合となるよう用いるのが好ましい。
【0024】
以上説明した本発明に係る粉末状セメント分散剤組成物は、通常は加温して溶融状態としたA成分、B成分及びC成分の3成分を混合するだけで、乾燥や粉砕することなく、したがって経済的に且つ簡便に製造でき、また詳しくは後述するように、それを使用したセメント組成物に優れた流動性及び初期強度を付与できる。
【0025】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明に係る粉末状セメント分散剤組成物の実施形態としては、次の1)〜8)が挙げられる。
【0026】
1)A成分として下記のグラフト共重合体(P−1)を60重量%、B成分として多孔質シリカ微粉末(比表面積180m2/g、平均粒径85μm)を39.5重量%及びC成分としてポリエーテル系消泡剤を0.5重量%(合計100重量%)の割合で混合して成る、粒径が500μm未満で且つ平均粒径が150μmの粉末状セメント分散剤組成物。
グラフト共重合体(P−1):α−アリル−ω−アセチル−ポリオキシエチレン(オキシエチレン単位の繰り返し数33、以下n=33とする)と無水マレイン酸とを合計で100モル%含有し且つα−アリル−ω−アセチル−ポリオキシエチレン(n=33)/無水マレイン酸=62/38(モル比)の割合で含有するラジカル重合性単量体混合物を溶剤を用いないでラジカル共重合した数平均分子量11300の共重合体100重量部に対し、α−メチル−ω−ヒドロキシ−ポリオキシエチレン(n=4)を8重量部の割合でグラフト反応して得たグラフト共重合体。
【0027】
2)A成分として下記のグラフト共重合体(P−2)を50重量%、B成分として多孔質シリカ微粉末(比表面積120m2/g、平均粒径50μm)を49.5重量%及びC成分としてポリエーテル系消泡剤を0.5重量%(合計100重量%)の割合で混合して成る、粒径が500μm未満で且つ平均粒径が90μmの粉末状セメント分散剤組成物。
グラフト共重合体(P−2):α−アリル−ω−アセチル−ポリオキシエチレン(n=15)と無水マレイン酸とを合計で100モル%含有し且つα−アリル−ω−アセチル−ポリオキシエチレン(n=15)/無水マレイン酸=45/55(モル比)の割合で含有するラジカル重合性単量体混合物を溶剤を用いないでラジカル共重合した数平均分子量8700の共重合体100重量部に対し、α−ブチル−ω−ヒドロキシ−ポリオキシエチレン(n=10)を5重量部の割合でグラフト反応して得たグラフト共重合体。
【0028】
3)A成分として下記のグラフト共重合体(P−3)を75重量%、B成分として多孔質シリカ微粉末(比表面積180m2/g、平均粒径85μm)を24重量%及びC成分としてポリエーテル系消泡剤を1.0重量%(合計100重量%)の割合で混合して成る、粒径が500μm未満で且つ平均粒径が190μmの粉末状セメント分散剤組成物。
グラフト共重合体(P−3):α−アリル−ω−アセチル−ポリオキシエチレン(n=55)と無水マレイン酸とを合計で100モル%含有し且つα−アリル−ω−アセチル−ポリオキシエチレン(n=55)/無水マレイン酸=30/70(モル比)の割合で含有するラジカル重合性単量体混合物を溶剤を用いないでラジカル共重合した数平均分子量19500の共重合体100重量部に対し、α−メチル−ω−ヒドロキシ−ポリオキシエチレン(n=4)を7重量部の割合でグラフト反応して得たグラフト共重合体。
【0029】
4)A成分として下記のグラフト共重合体(P−4)を80重量%、B成分として多孔質シリカ微粉末(比表面積210m2/g、平均粒径70μm)を18.5重量%及びC成分としてポリエーテル系消泡剤を1.5重量%(合計100重量%)の割合で混合して成る、粒径が1000μm未満で且つ平均粒径が270μmの粉末状セメント分散剤組成物。
グラフト共重合体(P−4):α−アリル−ω−アセチル−ポリオキシエチレン(n=50)ポリオキシプロピレン(オキシプロピレン単位の繰り返し数5、以下m=5とする)と無水マレイン酸とを合計で100モル%含有し且つα−アリル−ω−アセチル−ポリオキシエチレン(n=50)ポリオキシプロピレン(m=5)/無水マレイン酸=35/65(モル比)の割合で含有するラジカル重合性単量体混合物を溶剤を用いないでラジカル共重合した数平均分子量21900の共重合体100重量部に対し、α−ラウリル−ω−ヒドロキシ−ポリオキシエチレン(n=20)を3重量部の割合でグラフト反応して得たグラフト共重合体。
【0030】
5)A成分として下記のグラフト共重合体(P−5)を60重量%、B成分として多孔質シリカ微粉末(比表面積180m2/g、平均粒径85μm)を39.5重量%及びC成分としてポリエーテル系消泡剤を0.5重量%(合計100重量%)の割合で混合して成る、粒径が500μm未満で且つ平均粒径が120μmの粉末状セメント分散剤組成物。
グラフト共重合体(P−5):α−アリル−ω−アセチル−ポリオキシエチレン(n=33)と無水マレイン酸とを合計で97モル%含有しており、他のラジカル重合性単量体としてスチレンを3モル%含有していて、且つα−アリル−ω−アセチル−ポリオキシエチレン(n=33)/無水マレイン酸=32/65(モル比)の割合で含有するラジカル重合性単量体混合物を溶剤を用いないでラジカル共重合した数平均分子量15600の共重合体100重量部に対し、α−メチル−ω−ヒドロキシ−ポリオキシエチレン(n=4)を17重量部の割合でグラフト反応して得たグラフト共重合体。
【0031】
6)A成分として下記のグラフト共重合体の塩(P−6)を60重量%、B成分として多孔質シリカ微粉末(比表面積180m2/g、平均粒径85μm)を39.5重量%及びC成分としてポリエーテル系消泡剤を0.5重量%(合計100重量%)の割合で混合して成る、粒径が1000μm未満で且つ平均粒径が250μmの粉末状セメント分散剤組成物。
グラフト共重合体の塩(P−6):前記のグラフト共重合体(P−1)を水酸化ナトリウムで部分的に中和処理したもの
【0032】
7)A成分として下記のグラフト共重合体の塩(P−7)を55重量%、B成分として多孔質シリカ微粉末(比表面積180m2/g、平均粒径85μm)を44.5重量%及びC成分としてポリエーテル系消泡剤を0.5重量%(合計100重量%)の割合で混合して成る、粒径が1000μm未満で且つ平均粒径が250μmの粉末状セメント分散剤組成物。
グラフト共重合体の塩(P−7):前記のグラフト共重合体(P−2)をトリエタノールアミンで完全に中和処理したもの
【0033】
【実施例】
試験区分1(A成分としてのグラフト共重合体又はその塩の合成)
・グラフト共重合体(P−1)の合成
α−アリル−ω−アセチル−ポリオキシエチレン(n=33)1564g(1.0モル)及び無水マレイン酸160g(1.6モル)を反応容器に仕込み、攪拌しながら均一に溶解した後、雰囲気を窒素置換した。反応系の温度を温水浴にて80℃に保ち、アゾビスイソブチロニトリル4gを投入し、ラジカル共重合反応を開始した。ラジカル共重合反応開始後、更に合計8gのアゾビスイソブチロニトリルを分割投入し、6時間ラジカル共重合反応を行なってラジカル共重合反応を完結した。得られた共重合体を分析したところ、原料換算でα−アリル−ω−アセチル−ポリオキシエチレン(n=33)/無水マレイン酸=38/62(モル比)の割合で有する数平均分子量11300の共重合体であった。次いで、この共重合体100g、α−メチル−ω−ヒドロキシ−ポリオキシエチレン(n=4)8g及び触媒としてトリブチルアミン5gを反応容器に仕込み、雰囲気を窒素置換した後、攪拌しながら100℃で5時間グラフト反応を行なってグラフト共重合体(P−1)を得た。
【0034】
・グラフト共重合体(P−2)〜(P−5)及び(PR−1)〜(PR−7)の合成
グラフト共重合体(P−1)と同様にして、グラフト共重合体(P−2)〜(P−5)及び(PR−1)〜(PR−7)を得た。グラフト共重合体(P−1)を含め、合成した各グラフト共重合体の内容を表1にまとめて示した。
【0035】
【表1】
【0036】
表1において、
*1:式1で示される単量体/無水マレイン酸(モル比)
*2:ポリオキシエチレンモノ脂肪族エーテル及び/又はポリオキシエチレンモノ脂環族エーテルの種類
*3:第1工程で得た共重合体100重量部に対してグラフト反応させたポリオキシエチレンモノ脂肪族エーテル及び/又はポリオキシエチレンモノ脂環族エーテルの重量部
B−1:α−アリル−ω−アセチル−ポリオキシエチレン(n=33)
B−2:α−アリル−ω−アセチル−ポリオキシエチレン(n=15)
B−3:α−アリル−ω−アセチル−ポリオキシエチレン(n=55)
B−4:α−アリル−ω−アセチル−ポリオキシエチレン(n=50)ポリオキシプロピレン(m=5)
BR−1:α−アリル−ω−メチル−ポリオキシエチレン(n=33)
BR−2:α−アリル−ω−アセチル−ポリオキシエチレン(n=120)
BR−3:α−アリル−ω−アセチル−モノオキシエチレン
その他の単量体:スチレン
D−1:α−メチル−ω−ヒドロキシ−ポリオキシエチレン(n=4)
D−2:α−ブチル−ω−ヒドロキシ−ポリオキシエチレン(n=10)
D−3:α−ラウリル−ω−ヒドロキシ−ポリオキシエチレン(n=20)
D−4:α−シクロヘキシル−ω−ヒドロキシ−ポリオキシエチレン(n=6)
DR−1:α−ブチル−ω−ヒドロキシ−モノオキシエチレン
DR−2:α−ラウリル−ω−ヒドロキシ−ポリオキシエチレン(n=35)
DR−3:α−シクロヘキシル−ω−ヒドロキシ−ポリオキシエチレン(n=35)
【0037】
・グラフト共重合体の塩(P−6)の合成
前記のグラフト共重合体(P−1)100gを反応容器に仕込み、60℃に加温して溶融状態とした後、同温度を保持しつつ、撹拌しながら水酸化ナトリウム0.3gを徐加して、グラフト共重合体(P−1)を部分的に中和したグラフト共重合体の塩(P−6)を得た。
【0038】
・グラフト共重合体の塩(P−7)の合成
前記のグラフト共重合体(P−2)100gを反応容器に仕込み、60℃に加温して溶融状態とした後、同温度を保持しつつ、撹拌しながらトリエタノールアミン36gを徐加して、グラフト共重合体(P−2)を完全に中和したグラフト共重合体の塩(P−7)を得た。
【0039】
試験区分2(粉末状セメント分散剤組成物の製造)
・実施例1{粉末状セメント分散剤組成物(M−1)の製造}
先ず、B成分としての多孔質シリカ微粉末(比表面積180m2/g、平均粒径85μm)7.9kgをリボンミキサーに仕込んだ。次に、A成分としてのグラフト共重合体(P−1)12kgを60〜80℃に加温して溶融状態としたものとC成分としてのポリエーテル系消泡剤0.1kgとの混合物を、前記のリボンミキサーに攪拌しながら少しずつ分割投入して充分に混合した後、篩を用いて分級し、粒径が500μm未満で且つ平均粒径が150μmの粉末状セメント分散剤組成物(M−1)20kgを得た。
【0040】
・実施例2〜7及び比較例1〜15{粉末状セメント分散剤組成物(M−2)〜(M−7)及び(R−1)〜(R−15)の製造}
実施例1の粉末状セメント分散剤組成物(M−1)と同様にして、実施例2〜7及び比較例1〜15の粉末状セメント分散剤組成物(M−2)〜(M−7)及び(R−1)〜(R−15)を得た。実施例1を含め、製造した各粉末状セメント分散剤組成物の内容を表2及び表3にまとめて示した。
【0041】
【表2】
【0042】
表2において、
P−1〜P−7,PR−1〜PR−7:試験区分1で合成したグラフト共重合体又はその塩
*4:ポリエーテル系消泡剤(竹本油脂社製のAFK−2)
*5:比表面積20m2/g、平均粒径0.3μmのシリカフューム微粉末
*6:比表面積0.8m2/g、平均粒径2.5μmの炭酸カルシウム微粉末
【0043】
【表3】
【0044】
表3において、
粒径:篩の目開きから求めた。
平均粒径:分級した粉末を走査型電子顕微鏡で写真撮影し、この写真撮影の画像から100個の粒子を任意に選定して、選定した個々の粒子について長径(粒子の中心を通る最長の径d1)と短径(粒子の中心を通る最短の径d2)を測定し、(d1+d2)/2の平均値で求めた。
比較例9〜15は粉末状にならなかったので粒径及び平均粒径を求めなかった。
【0045】
試験区分3(セメント系プレミックス製品の製造、セメントペーストの調製及び評価)
試験区分2で製造した粉末状セメント分散剤組成物等のうちで状態が粉末であるものを用いた。先ず、2Lのホバートミキサーに普通ポルトランドセメント(比重=3.16、ブレーン値3300)1000重量部を投入し、後で調製するセメントペーストのフロー値が200±10mmの範囲となるように試験区分2で製造した粉末状セメント分散剤組成物を加減して加え、乾式混合してセメント系プレミックス製品を製造した。次に、これらのセメント系プレミックス製品に水270部を加え、20℃の温度下で3分間混練してセメントペーストを調製した。調製した各セメントペーストのフロー値、フロー残存率、圧縮強度を下記のように測定し、結果を表4にまとめて示した。
【0046】
・フロー値
日本建築学会JASS15M−103(セルフレベリング材の品質基準)の方法に準じ、内径5cm×高さ5.1cmの塩化ビニール製コーン(内容積100ml)に調製したセメントペーストを充填し、コーンを引き上げた後のペーストの拡がり値を測定してフロー値とした。フロー値はセメントペーストの調製直後と90分後で測定し、フロー残存率は(90分後のフロー値/直後のフロー値)×100で求めた。
・圧縮強度
直径5cm×高さ10cmの鋼製型枠に調製直後のセメントペーストを充填し、20℃の温度下で湿気養生して、材齢18時間後の圧縮強度を、JIS−A1108に準じて測定した。
【0047】
【表4】
【0048】
表4において、
添加量:セメント100部に対する粉末状セメント分散剤組成物の添加重量部
*7:メラミンスルホン酸ホルマリン高縮合物塩の粉末品
*8:ナフタレンスルホン酸ホルマリン高縮合物塩の粉末品
【0049】
【発明の効果】
既に明らかなように、以上説明した本発明には、乾燥や粉砕を必要とせず、したがって経済的且つ簡便に製造でき、しかもそれを使用したセメント組成物に優れた流動性及び初期強度を付与できるという効果がある。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a powdered cement dispersant composition, and more particularly to a powdered cement dispersant composition used for the preparation of mortar and concrete, particularly for the production of cementitious premix products.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, polycarboxylic acid-based water-soluble vinyl copolymers have been used as cement dispersants. This cement dispersant is generally produced in an aqueous system and used in the form of an aqueous solution. Therefore, conventionally, a powdery cement dispersant or a powdery cement dispersant composition using a polycarboxylic acid-based water-soluble vinyl copolymer has been produced from the aqueous solution as described above. The powdery cement dispersant or the powdery cement dispersant composition includes 1) the above-mentioned aqueous solution dried by heating and pulverizing (JP-A-11-310444, JP-A-2000-327384), and 2) the aqueous solution. Those adsorbed on inorganic powder (Japanese Patent Laid-Open Nos. 6-239652 and 10-45451) are known. However, the above 1) has a problem in that drying and pulverization involve enormous costs including equipment costs, and some aqueous solutions are difficult to powder. Further, the above 2) has a problem that drying is necessary after adsorption, or the fluidity of a cement composition using the same is lowered, and the initial strength is not sufficiently developed.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a powdery cement dispersant composition that can be produced economically and easily, and that can impart excellent fluidity and initial strength to a cement composition using the same. .
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a result of studying the above problems, the present inventors have found that a mixture of specific three components at a predetermined ratio is correctly suitable.
[0005]
That is, the present invention comprises mixing the following A component at a ratio of 20 to 93% by weight, B component at 5 to 78% by weight, and C component at 0.1 to 5% by weight (total 100% by weight). It relates to a powdery cement dispersant composition.
[0006]
Component A: A graft copolymer obtained through the following first step and second step, or a salt of the graft copolymer obtained through the following third step.
First Step: Monomer / maleic anhydride represented by the formula 1 containing 90 mol% or more of the monomer represented by the following formula 1 and maleic anhydride in total = 25 / 75-50 / 50 ( A step of obtaining a copolymer having a number average molecular weight of 3000 to 60000 by radical copolymerizing a radical polymerizable monomer mixture contained in a molar ratio) without using a solvent.
Second step: A proportion of 2 to 50 mol of ethylene oxide alone or ethylene oxide and propylene oxide per mol of aliphatic alcohol and / or alicyclic alcohol with respect to 100 parts by weight of the copolymer obtained in the first step. A step of graft reaction of 0.2 to 25 parts by weight of the polyoxyalkylene monoaliphatic ether and / or polyoxyalkylene monoalicyclic ether subjected to the addition reaction in step 2 to obtain a graft copolymer.
Third step: The graft copolymer obtained in the second step is partially or partially composed of one or two or more basic compounds selected from alkali metal hydroxides, alkaline earth metal hydroxides, and amines. A step of completely neutralizing to obtain a salt of the graft copolymer.
[0007]
[Formula 1]
CH 2 = CH-CH 2 -O -A-O-R
[0008]
In Equation 1,
R: Acetyl group A: Residue obtained by removing all hydroxyl groups from polyalkylene glycol having 3 to 100 repeating oxyalkylene units consisting of only oxyethylene units or both oxyethylene units and oxypropylene units.
B component: porous silica fine powder C component: antifoaming agent
The component A used in the present invention is a graft copolymer obtained through the first step and the second step, or a salt of the graft copolymer obtained through the third step. The first step is a step of obtaining a copolymer by radical copolymerization of a radical polymerizable monomer mixture. In the first step, a radically polymerizable monomer mixture containing a monomer represented by Formula 1 and maleic anhydride as essential components is used.
[0011]
As the monomer represented by Formula 1, α-allyl-ω-acetyl having a polyoxyalkylene group having 3 to 100 repeating oxyalkylene units consisting of only oxyethylene units or both oxyethylene units and oxypropylene units. -Polyoxyalkylene. Among them, α-allyl-ω-acetyl-polyoxyethylene in the case where A in Formula 1 is a residue obtained by removing all hydroxyl groups from polyethylene glycol having 10 to 70 repeating oxyethylene units is preferable.
[0012]
As the radical polymerizable monomer other than the monomer represented by Formula 1 and maleic anhydride constituting the radical polymerizable monomer mixture, vinyl acetate, styrene, acrylic acid, alkyl acrylate ester, ( And (meth) allylsulfonic acid or a salt thereof.
[0013]
In the first step, the radically polymerizable monomer mixture contains the monomer represented by formula 1 and maleic anhydride in a total of 90 mol% or more, preferably 95 mol% or more, and represented by formula 1. Monomer / maleic anhydride = containing 25/75 to 50/50 (molar ratio), preferably 30/70 to 40/60 (molar ratio).
[0014]
In the first step, the above-mentioned radical polymerizable monomer mixture is radical copolymerized without using a solvent to obtain a copolymer having a number average molecular weight of 3000 to 60000, preferably 5000 to 30000. Specifically, a radical polymerizable monomer mixture is charged into a reaction vessel, a radical initiator is added to the reactor in a nitrogen atmosphere, and a radical copolymerization reaction is performed at 60 to 90 ° C. for 5 to 10 hours to obtain a copolymer. obtain. Examples of the radical initiator used here include azo initiators such as azobisisobutyronitrile and 2,2′-azobis (4-methoxy-2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile), benzoyl peroxide, lauroyl peroxide, Examples thereof include organic peroxide initiators such as cumene hydroperoxide. In addition, in this invention, a number average molecular weight is a number average molecular weight of pullulan conversion by GPC method.
[0015]
The second step is a step of obtaining a graft copolymer by grafting a polyoxyalkylene monoaliphatic ether and / or a polyoxyalkylene monoalicyclic ether to the copolymer obtained in the first step. The polyoxyalkylene monoaliphatic ether and / or polyoxyalkylene monoaliphatic ether used here is ethylene oxide alone or ethylene oxide and propylene oxide in total 2 to 1 per mole of aliphatic alcohol and / or alicyclic alcohol. It is an addition reaction in a random or block form at a ratio of 50 moles. Among them, ethylene oxide is added per mole of aliphatic alcohol having 1 to 18 carbon atoms and / or alicyclic alcohol having 5 or 6 carbon atoms. What carried out addition reaction in the ratio of 3-25 mol is preferable. Such polyoxyalkylene monoaliphatic ether and / or polyoxyalkylene monoalicyclic ether itself can be synthesized by a known method.
[0016]
In the second step, the polyoxyalkylene monoaliphatic ether and / or the polyoxyalkylene monoalicyclic ether as described above is 0.2 to 25 wt% with respect to 100 parts by weight of the copolymer obtained in the first step. The graft copolymer is obtained by graft reaction at a ratio of 1 part, preferably 1 to 20 parts by weight. Specifically, the copolymer obtained in the first step, polyoxyalkylene monoaliphatic ether and / or polyoxyalkylene monoalicyclic ether, and a basic catalyst were charged into a reaction vessel to form a nitrogen atmosphere. Thereafter, a graft reaction is carried out at 100 to 110 ° C. for 4 to 6 hours to obtain a graft copolymer. Examples of the basic catalyst used here include known catalysts used in the ring-opening esterification reaction between an acid anhydride and an alcohol. Among them, an amine catalyst is preferable, and a lower alkylamine is more preferable.
[0017]
The third step is a step of obtaining a graft copolymer salt by partially or completely neutralizing the graft copolymer obtained in the second step with a basic compound. Examples of such basic compounds include 1) alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, 2) alkaline earth metal hydroxides such as calcium hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide, and 3) ammonia and triethanolamine. Examples of these amines include one or two or more of them.
[0018]
The component B used in the present invention is a porous silica fine powder. The porous silica fine powder is generally obtained by neutralizing water glass with an acid such as hydrochloric acid, washing the deposited precipitate with water, and drying to form a powder, which is represented by a composition formula of SiO 2 · nH 2 O. Made of amorphous silicic acid. Among these porous silica fine powders, the component B preferably has a specific surface area of 50 to 450 m 2 / g and an average particle size of 0.1 to 500 μm, and particularly oil absorption (JIS-K5101-19). (The amount of oil absorption by A) exceeds 100 ml / 100 g.
[0019]
The C component used in the present invention is an antifoaming agent. As the component C, known ones such as polyether antifoaming agents, alkyl phosphate antifoaming agents, and silicone antifoaming agents can be used, and among them, polyether antifoaming agents are preferable.
[0020]
The powdery cement dispersant composition according to the present invention comprises 20 to 93% by weight of the A component as described above, 5 to 78% by weight of the B component, and 0.1 to 5% by weight of the C component (total 100% by weight). %)), The proportion of component A is 40 to 85% by weight, component B is 14 to 59% by weight, and component C is 0.2 to 2% by weight (total 100% by weight) It is preferable to use a mixture of The A component is usually heated and used in a molten state, but only by mixing the three components of the A component, the B component, and the C component, without drying or crushing, there is no blocking, and it is light. This is to obtain a uniform powdery cement dispersant composition having a touch, and to obtain a powdery cement dispersant composition capable of imparting excellent fluidity and initial strength to a cement composition using it.
[0021]
In the powdered cement dispersant composition according to the present invention, the B component is first charged into a mixer equipped with a stirring blade so that the A component, the B component, and the C component are in a predetermined ratio, and then heated in advance. Then, it can be produced by adding a mixture of the component A mixed with the component A in a molten state little by little while stirring. The product is usually in the form of a powder having a particle size of 3000 μm or less. However, when such a powdered cement dispersant composition is used for the production of a cement-based premix product, the particle size should be uniform. Preferably, classification is performed using a sieve so that the particle diameter is 2000 μm or less and the average particle diameter is 1 to 1500 μm.
[0022]
Examples of the cement to which the powdery cement dispersant composition according to the present invention is applied include ordinary Portland cement, early-strength Portland cement, moderately hot Portland cement, high belite Portland cement, and other various Portland cements, blast furnace cement, fly Various mixed cements such as ash cement and silica fume cement and alumina cement can be used. If necessary, additives such as a curing accelerator, a curing retarder, a thickener, a waterproofing agent, a preservative, and a rust inhibitor may be used in combination with the powdered cement dispersant composition according to the present invention.
[0023]
The powdery cement dispersant composition according to the present invention is usually used at a ratio of 0.03 to 10 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of cement or a binder composed of cement and fine powder admixture. It is preferable to use 1 to 5 parts by weight.
[0024]
The powdered cement dispersant composition according to the present invention described above is usually mixed with the three components of component A, component B and component C which are heated and melted, without drying or pulverizing, Therefore, it can be produced economically and simply, and as described in detail later, excellent fluidity and initial strength can be imparted to a cement composition using the same.
[0025]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Examples of the powdery cement dispersant composition according to the present invention include the following 1) to 8).
[0026]
1) 60% by weight of the following graft copolymer (P-1) as component A, 39.5% by weight of porous silica fine powder (specific surface area 180 m 2 / g, average particle size 85 μm) as component B, and C A powdery cement dispersant composition having a particle size of less than 500 μm and an average particle size of 150 μm, comprising a polyether antifoam as a component mixed at a ratio of 0.5% by weight (100% by weight in total).
Graft copolymer (P-1): α-allyl-ω-acetyl-polyoxyethylene (oxyethylene unit repeat number 33, hereinafter referred to as n = 33) and maleic anhydride are contained in a total of 100 mol%. And radical copolymerization of a radically polymerizable monomer mixture containing α-allyl-ω-acetyl-polyoxyethylene (n = 33) / maleic anhydride = 62/38 (molar ratio) without using a solvent. A graft copolymer obtained by grafting α-methyl-ω-hydroxy-polyoxyethylene (n = 4) at a ratio of 8 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of the copolymer having a number average molecular weight of 11,300.
[0027]
2) 50% by weight of the following graft copolymer (P-2) as component A, 49.5% by weight of porous silica fine powder (specific surface area 120 m 2 / g, average particle size 50 μm) as component B and C A powdery cement dispersant composition having a particle size of less than 500 μm and an average particle size of 90 μm, comprising a polyether antifoam as a component mixed at a ratio of 0.5% by weight (total 100% by weight).
Graft copolymer (P-2): α-allyl-ω-acetyl-polyoxyethylene (n = 15) and maleic anhydride in a total amount of 100 mol% and α-allyl-ω-acetyl-polyoxy 100 weight% copolymer having a number average molecular weight of 8700 obtained by radical copolymerization of a radical polymerizable monomer mixture containing ethylene (n = 15) / maleic anhydride = 45/55 (molar ratio) without using a solvent. A graft copolymer obtained by grafting α-butyl-ω-hydroxy-polyoxyethylene (n = 10) at a ratio of 5 parts by weight with respect to parts.
[0028]
3) 75% by weight of the following graft copolymer (P-3) as component A, 24% by weight of porous silica fine powder (specific surface area 180 m 2 / g, average particle size 85 μm) as component B and C component A powdery cement dispersant composition having a particle size of less than 500 μm and an average particle size of 190 μm, comprising a polyether antifoam mixed at a ratio of 1.0% by weight (total 100% by weight).
Graft copolymer (P-3): α-allyl-ω-acetyl-polyoxyethylene (n = 55) and maleic anhydride in a total amount of 100 mol% and α-allyl-ω-acetyl-polyoxy 100 weight copolymer having a number average molecular weight of 19,500 obtained by radical copolymerization of a radical polymerizable monomer mixture containing ethylene (n = 55) / maleic anhydride = 30/70 (molar ratio) without using a solvent A graft copolymer obtained by grafting α-methyl-ω-hydroxy-polyoxyethylene (n = 4) at a ratio of 7 parts by weight with respect to parts.
[0029]
4) 80% by weight of the following graft copolymer (P-4) as component A, 18.5% by weight of porous silica fine powder (specific surface area 210 m 2 / g, average particle size 70 μm) as component B, and C A powdery cement dispersant composition having a particle size of less than 1000 μm and an average particle size of 270 μm, comprising a polyether antifoam as a component mixed at a ratio of 1.5% by weight (total 100% by weight).
Graft copolymer (P-4): α-allyl-ω-acetyl-polyoxyethylene (n = 50) polyoxypropylene (5 repetitions of oxypropylene units, hereinafter referred to as m = 5), maleic anhydride, In a proportion of α-allyl-ω-acetyl-polyoxyethylene (n = 50) polyoxypropylene (m = 5) / maleic anhydride = 35/65 (molar ratio) 3 parts by weight of α-lauryl-ω-hydroxy-polyoxyethylene (n = 20) per 100 parts by weight of a copolymer having a number average molecular weight of 21,900 obtained by radical copolymerization of a radical polymerizable monomer mixture without using a solvent A graft copolymer obtained by grafting at a ratio of parts.
[0030]
5) 60% by weight of the following graft copolymer (P-5) as component A, 39.5% by weight of porous silica fine powder (specific surface area 180 m 2 / g, average particle size 85 μm) as component B and C A powdery cement dispersant composition having a particle size of less than 500 μm and an average particle size of 120 μm, comprising a polyether antifoam as a component mixed at a ratio of 0.5% by weight (total 100% by weight).
Graft copolymer (P-5): α-allyl-ω-acetyl-polyoxyethylene (n = 33) and 97 mol% of maleic anhydride in total, other radical polymerizable monomers Radically polymerizable monomer containing 3 mol% of styrene and α-allyl-ω-acetyl-polyoxyethylene (n = 33) / maleic anhydride = 32/65 (molar ratio) The α-methyl-ω-hydroxy-polyoxyethylene (n = 4) was grafted at a ratio of 17 parts by weight to 100 parts by weight of the copolymer having a number average molecular weight of 15600 obtained by radical copolymerization of the body mixture without using a solvent. Graft copolymer obtained by reaction.
[0031]
6) 60% by weight of the following graft copolymer salt (P-6) as component A and 39.5% by weight of porous silica fine powder (specific surface area 180 m 2 / g, average particle size 85 μm) as component B And a defoaming cement composition having a particle size of less than 1000 μm and an average particle size of 250 μm, which is a mixture of polyether antifoaming agent as component C at a ratio of 0.5% by weight (total 100% by weight) .
Graft copolymer salt (P-6): The graft copolymer (P-1) partially neutralized with sodium hydroxide.
7) 55% by weight of the following graft copolymer salt (P-7) as component A, and 44.5% by weight of porous silica fine powder (specific surface area 180 m 2 / g, average particle size 85 μm) as component B And a defoaming cement composition having a particle size of less than 1000 μm and an average particle size of 250 μm, which is a mixture of polyether antifoaming agent as component C at a ratio of 0.5% by weight (total 100% by weight) .
Graft copolymer salt (P-7): the graft copolymer (P-2) completely neutralized with triethanolamine.
【Example】
Test Category 1 (Synthesis of graft copolymer or its salt as component A)
Synthesis of graft copolymer (P-1) 1564 g (1.0 mol) of α-allyl-ω-acetyl-polyoxyethylene (n = 33) and 160 g (1.6 mol) of maleic anhydride in a reaction vessel After stirring and dissolving uniformly with stirring, the atmosphere was replaced with nitrogen. The temperature of the reaction system was kept at 80 ° C. in a warm water bath, 4 g of azobisisobutyronitrile was added, and radical copolymerization reaction was started. After the start of the radical copolymerization reaction, a total of 8 g of azobisisobutyronitrile was added in portions, and the radical copolymerization reaction was performed for 6 hours to complete the radical copolymerization reaction. When the obtained copolymer was analyzed, it was a number average molecular weight 11300 having a ratio of α-allyl-ω-acetyl-polyoxyethylene (n = 33) / maleic anhydride = 38/62 (molar ratio) in terms of raw materials. It was a copolymer. Next, 100 g of this copolymer, 8 g of α-methyl-ω-hydroxy-polyoxyethylene (n = 4) and 5 g of tributylamine as a catalyst were charged in a reaction vessel, the atmosphere was replaced with nitrogen, and the mixture was stirred at 100 ° C. A graft reaction was performed for 5 hours to obtain a graft copolymer (P-1).
[0034]
・ Synthesis of graft copolymers (P-2) to (P-5) and (PR-1) to (PR-7) In the same manner as the graft copolymer (P-1), the graft copolymer (P -2) to (P-5) and (PR-1) to (PR-7) were obtained. The contents of each synthesized graft copolymer including the graft copolymer (P-1) are summarized in Table 1.
[0035]
[Table 1]
[0036]
In Table 1,
* 1: Monomer represented by formula 1 / maleic anhydride (molar ratio)
* 2: Type of polyoxyethylene monoaliphatic ether and / or polyoxyethylene monoalicyclic ether * 3: Polyoxyethylene monofatty grafted to 100 parts by weight of the copolymer obtained in the first step Parts by weight of aromatic ether and / or polyoxyethylene monoalicyclic ether B-1: α-allyl-ω-acetyl-polyoxyethylene (n = 33)
B-2: α-allyl-ω-acetyl-polyoxyethylene (n = 15)
B-3: α-Allyl-ω-acetyl-polyoxyethylene (n = 55)
B-4: α-allyl-ω-acetyl-polyoxyethylene (n = 50) polyoxypropylene (m = 5)
BR-1: α-allyl-ω-methyl-polyoxyethylene (n = 33)
BR-2: α-allyl-ω-acetyl-polyoxyethylene (n = 120)
BR-3: α-allyl-ω-acetyl-monooxyethylene Other monomer: Styrene D-1: α-methyl-ω-hydroxy-polyoxyethylene (n = 4)
D-2: α-Butyl-ω-hydroxy-polyoxyethylene (n = 10)
D-3: α-lauryl-ω-hydroxy-polyoxyethylene (n = 20)
D-4: α-cyclohexyl-ω-hydroxy-polyoxyethylene (n = 6)
DR-1: α-butyl-ω-hydroxy-monooxyethylene DR-2: α-lauryl-ω-hydroxy-polyoxyethylene (n = 35)
DR-3: α-cyclohexyl-ω-hydroxy-polyoxyethylene (n = 35)
[0037]
-Synthesis of graft copolymer salt (P-6) 100 g of the above graft copolymer (P-1) was charged into a reaction vessel, heated to 60 ° C to be in a molten state, and then maintained at the same temperature. While stirring, 0.3 g of sodium hydroxide was gradually added to obtain a graft copolymer salt (P-6) in which the graft copolymer (P-1) was partially neutralized.
[0038]
・ Synthesis of graft copolymer salt (P-7) 100 g of the above graft copolymer (P-2) was charged into a reaction vessel, heated to 60 ° C. to obtain a molten state, and then maintained at the same temperature. While stirring, 36 g of triethanolamine was gradually added to obtain a graft copolymer salt (P-7) in which the graft copolymer (P-2) was completely neutralized.
[0039]
Test Category 2 (Manufacture of powdered cement dispersant composition)
Example 1 {Production of powdered cement dispersant composition (M-1)}
First, 7.9 kg of porous silica fine powder (specific surface area 180 m 2 / g, average particle size 85 μm) as component B was charged into a ribbon mixer. Next, a mixture of 12 kg of graft copolymer (P-1) as component A heated to 60-80 ° C. to a molten state and 0.1 kg of a polyether antifoam as component C The mixture was mixed little by little while stirring into the ribbon mixer, and then mixed using a sieve, followed by classification using a sieve, and a powdery cement dispersant composition having a particle size of less than 500 μm and an average particle size of 150 μm -1) 20 kg was obtained.
[0040]
Examples 2 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 15 {Production of powdered cement dispersant compositions (M-2) to (M-7) and (R-1) to (R-15)}
In the same manner as the powdery cement dispersant composition (M-1) of Example 1, the powdery cement dispersant compositions (M-2) to (M-7) of Examples 2 to 7 and Comparative Examples 1 to 15 ) And (R-1) to (R-15) were obtained. The contents of each powdered cement dispersant composition produced, including Example 1, are summarized in Tables 2 and 3.
[0041]
[Table 2]
[0042]
In Table 2,
P-1 to P-7, PR-1 to PR-7: Graft copolymer synthesized in Test Category 1 or a salt thereof * 4: Polyether-based antifoaming agent (AFK-2 manufactured by Takemoto Yushi Co., Ltd.)
* 5: Silica fume fine powder having a specific surface area of 20 m 2 / g and an average particle diameter of 0.3 μm * 6: Calcium carbonate fine powder having a specific surface area of 0.8 m 2 / g and an average particle diameter of 2.5 μm
[Table 3]
[0044]
In Table 3,
Particle size: Determined from sieve openings.
Average particle diameter: Photograph the classified powder with a scanning electron microscope, select 100 particles arbitrarily from the photographed image, and select the long diameter (the longest diameter passing through the center of the particle) for each selected particle. d1) and the short diameter (the shortest diameter d2 passing through the center of the particle) were measured and determined by the average value of (d1 + d2) / 2.
Since Comparative Examples 9-15 did not become powdery, the particle size and average particle size were not determined.
[0045]
Test category 3 (Manufacture of cement-based premix products, preparation and evaluation of cement paste)
Among the powdered cement dispersant compositions produced in Test Category 2, those in a state of powder were used. First, 1000 parts by weight of ordinary Portland cement (specific gravity = 3.16, brane value 3300) is put into a 2 L Hobart mixer, and test category 2 is set so that the flow value of cement paste to be prepared later is in the range of 200 ± 10 mm. The cementitious premix product was manufactured by adding and subtracting the powdery cement dispersant composition produced in step 1 and dry mixing. Next, 270 parts of water was added to these cement-based premix products, and kneaded at a temperature of 20 ° C. for 3 minutes to prepare a cement paste. The flow value, flow residual ratio, and compressive strength of each prepared cement paste were measured as follows, and the results are summarized in Table 4.
[0046]
・ Flow value According to the method of JASS15M-103 (Quality Standards for Self-Leveling Material) of Architectural Institute of Japan The spread value of the paste after raising was measured to obtain a flow value. The flow value was measured immediately after preparation of the cement paste and 90 minutes later, and the flow residual ratio was determined by (flow value after 90 minutes / flow value immediately after) × 100.
・ Compression strength 5cm x 10cm height steel mold was filled with cement paste immediately after preparation, moisture cured at a temperature of 20 ° C, and compression strength after 18 hours of age was in accordance with JIS-A1108. Measured.
[0047]
[Table 4]
[0048]
In Table 4,
Amount added: part by weight of powdered cement dispersant composition added to 100 parts of cement * 7: powder of melamine sulfonic acid formalin high condensate salt * 8: powder of naphthalene sulfonic acid formalin high condensate salt
【The invention's effect】
As is apparent, the present invention described above does not require drying or pulverization, and therefore can be produced economically and simply, and can impart excellent fluidity and initial strength to a cement composition using the same. There is an effect.
Claims (7)
A成分:下記の第1工程及び第2工程を経て得られるグラフト共重合体、又は更に下記の第3工程を経て得られるグラフト共重合体の塩。
第1工程:下記の式1で示される単量体と無水マレイン酸とを合計で90モル%以上含有し且つ式1で示される単量体/無水マレイン酸=25/75〜50/50(モル比)の割合で含有するラジカル重合性単量体混合物を、溶剤を用いないでラジカル共重合して、数平均分子量3000〜60000の共重合体を得る工程。
第2工程:第1工程で得た共重合体100重量部に対し、脂肪族アルコール及び/又は脂環族アルコール1モル当たりエチレンオキサイドのみ又はエチレンオキサイドとプロピレンオキサイドとを合計2〜50モルの割合で付加反応したポリオキシアルキレンモノ脂肪族エーテル及び/又はポリオキシアルキレンモノ脂環族エーテルを0.2〜25重量部の割合でグラフト反応して、グラフト共重合体を得る工程。
第3工程:第2工程で得たグラフト共重合体を、アルカリ金属水酸化物、アルカリ土類金属水酸化物及びアミン類から選ばれる一つ又は二つ以上の塩基性化合物で部分的に又は完全に中和処理して、グラフト共重合体の塩を得る工程。
【式1】
CH2=CH−CH2−O−A−O−R
(式1において、
R:アセチル基
A:オキシエチレン単位のみ又はオキシエチレン単位とオキシプロピレン単位の双方からなるオキシアルキレン単位の繰り返し数3〜100のポリアルキレングリコールから全ての水酸基を除いた残基)
B成分:多孔質シリカ微粉末
C成分:消泡剤Powder form characterized by mixing 20 to 93% by weight of the following A component, 5 to 78% by weight of B component, and 0.1 to 5% by weight of C component (total 100% by weight) Cement dispersant composition.
Component A: A graft copolymer obtained through the following first step and second step, or a salt of the graft copolymer obtained through the following third step.
First Step: Monomer / maleic anhydride represented by the formula 1 containing 90 mol% or more of the monomer represented by the following formula 1 and maleic anhydride in total = 25 / 75-50 / 50 ( A step of obtaining a copolymer having a number average molecular weight of 3000 to 60000 by radical copolymerizing a radical polymerizable monomer mixture contained in a molar ratio) without using a solvent.
Second step: A proportion of 2 to 50 mol of ethylene oxide alone or ethylene oxide and propylene oxide per mol of aliphatic alcohol and / or alicyclic alcohol with respect to 100 parts by weight of the copolymer obtained in the first step. A step of graft reaction of 0.2 to 25 parts by weight of the polyoxyalkylene monoaliphatic ether and / or polyoxyalkylene monoalicyclic ether subjected to the addition reaction in step 2 to obtain a graft copolymer.
Third step: The graft copolymer obtained in the second step is partially or partially composed of one or two or more basic compounds selected from alkali metal hydroxides, alkaline earth metal hydroxides, and amines. A step of completely neutralizing to obtain a salt of the graft copolymer.
[Formula 1]
CH 2 = CH-CH 2 -O -A-O-R
(In Equation 1,
R: Acetyl group A: Residue obtained by removing all hydroxyl groups from polyalkylene glycol having 3 to 100 repeating oxyalkylene units consisting of only oxyethylene units or oxyethylene units and oxypropylene units)
B component: Porous silica fine powder C component: Antifoaming agent
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