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JP3579120B2 - HIV protease inhibitor - Google Patents

HIV protease inhibitor Download PDF

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Publication number
JP3579120B2
JP3579120B2 JP10848995A JP10848995A JP3579120B2 JP 3579120 B2 JP3579120 B2 JP 3579120B2 JP 10848995 A JP10848995 A JP 10848995A JP 10848995 A JP10848995 A JP 10848995A JP 3579120 B2 JP3579120 B2 JP 3579120B2
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compound
mmol
present
hiv protease
hiv
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JPH08301896A (en
Inventor
紀洋 藤岡
民雄 藤原
直文 橋本
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Shionogi and Co Ltd
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Shionogi and Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
本発明は、HIVプロテアーゼに対する阻害活性を有し、HIV感染症の予防及び治療に有効な新規ノルスタチン誘導体に関する。
【0002】
【従来技術と発明が解決すべき課題】
従来、後天性免疫不全症候群(AIDS)の治療には、免疫不全症ウイルス(HIV)のRNA逆転写酵素阻害剤や、プロテアーゼ阻害剤を用いることが提案されてきた。これらの内、プロテアーゼ阻害剤の活性成分として、種々のペプチド誘導体が開示されている(例えば、特開平2−117615号公報、特開平2−202898号公報、特開平2−202899号公報、特開平2−204475号公報、特開平5−78311号公報、特開平5−170722号公報、特開平5−178824号公報、特開平6−100533号公報、及びWO93/3066など)。特に、ペプチド中にヒドロキシアミノ酸アイソスターとしてβ−アミノ−α−ヒドロキシカルボン酸基を有する誘導体が注目されている(EP0490667A2、特開平5−170722号公報、特開平5−178824号公報、及びWO93/3066など)。
しかしながら、HIVプロテアーゼ阻害剤の経口投与に際する吸収率、代謝的な安定性、リンパ節への移行性、HIVプロテアーゼとの親和性などの有効性、特に経口投与に際する吸収率の点で問題があり、AIDSなどのHIV感染症の治療又は予防を適切に行うためには、さらに多くの化合物を開発し、臨床適用の可否を調べる必要がある。
【0003】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上記の課題を解決するものであって、式I:
【化2】

Figure 0003579120
(式中、R及びRはそれぞれ独立してアルキル、又はR及びRは隣接するNと一緒になってヘテロ環基を形成してもよい;R及びRはそれぞれ独立して水素、アルキル又はヘテロ環基;Rはアルキル;nは1〜3の整数を表す)
で示される化合物又はその塩を提供するものである。
本発明者らは、式IにおけるRに様々な基を有する一連の化合物を合成し、HIVプロテアーゼ阻害活性、細胞毒性、経口投与での有効性等に関してスクリーニングした結果、本発明化合物が優れた特性を有することを見出し、本発明を完成したものである。
【0004】
本明細書中、「アルキル」とは、直鎖又は分枝状の炭素数1〜8のアルキルを意味し、メチル、エチル、プロピル、イソプロピル、ブチル、ペンチル、ヘキシル、ヘプチル、オクチル等が例示され、メチルが好ましい。
「ヘテロ環基」とは、芳香族系及び非芳香族系複素環の双方を意味し、O、S及びNから独立して選択される1又はそれ以上の数の同一又は異なるヘテロ原子を有する5−7員の環であって、これらは炭素環と縮合していてもよい。そのような芳香族系複素環の例として、フリル、チエニル、テトラゾリル、ピロリル、ピラゾリル、イミダゾリル、オキサゾリル、チアゾリル、ピリジニル、オキサジニル又はトリアジニルを挙げることができる。また非芳香族系複素環の例として、ピロリジニル、チアゾリジニル、オキサゾリジニル、イミダゾリジニル、チアゾリニル、オキサゾリニル、イミダゾリニル、ピペリジニル、ピペラジニル、モルホリニル、チオモルホリニル、オキサジアゾリル及びジオキサニルを挙げることができる。
本発明化合物のR及びRによって形成されるヘテロ環基としては、非芳香族系複素環が好ましく、モルホリニルが特に好ましい。
また、本発明化合物のR及びRにおけるヘテロ環基としては、芳香族系複素環が好ましい。
なお、ヘテロ環基は置換されていてもよく、そのような置換基としては、メチル、エチル等の低級アルキル、トリフルオロメチルを挙げることができる。
【0005】
式Iの化合物の塩は、薬学的に許容し得る塩であって、塩酸、硝酸、りん酸、硫酸、臭化水素酸、沃化水素酸、亜硝酸、亜りん酸等の無機酸から導かれる塩、及び脂肪族モノー及びジカルボン酸、フェニル−置換アルカン酸、ヒドロキシ−アルカン一酸及びアルカン二酸、芳香族酸並びに脂肪族及び芳香族スルホン酸等の無毒な有機酸から導かれる塩が含まれる。このような薬学的に許容し得る酸付加塩には、硫酸塩、ピロ硫酸塩、重硫酸塩、亜硫酸塩、重亜硫酸塩、硝酸塩、りん酸塩、第2りん酸塩、第1りん酸塩、メタりん酸塩、ピロりん酸塩、塩酸塩、臭化水素酸塩、沃化水素酸塩、弗化水素酸塩、酢酸塩、プロピオン酸塩、デカン酸塩、カプリル酸塩、アクリル酸塩、ギ酸塩、イソ酪酸塩、カプリン酸塩、ヘプタン酸塩、プロピオル酸塩、シュウ酸塩、マロン酸塩、コハク酸塩、スベリン酸塩、セバシン酸塩、フマル酸塩、マレイン酸塩、マンデル酸塩、ブチン−1,4−二酸塩、ヘキシン−1,6−二酸塩、安息香酸塩、クロロ安息香酸塩、メチル安息香酸塩、ジニトロ安息香酸塩、ヒドロキシ安息香酸塩、フタル酸塩、テレフタル酸塩、ベンゼンスルホン酸塩、トルエンスルホン酸塩、クロロベンゼンスルホン酸塩、キシレンスルホン酸塩、フェニル酢酸塩、フェニルプロピオン酸塩、フェニル酪酸塩、クエン酸塩、乳酸塩、β−ヒドロキシ酪酸塩、グリコール酸塩、リンゴ酸塩、酒石酸塩、メタンスルホン酸塩、プロパンスルホン酸塩、ナフタレン−1−スルホン酸塩、ナフタレン−2−スルホン酸塩及びその他の塩が含まれる。本発明にとって好ましいのは無機酸の塩であって、塩酸塩及び硝酸塩が特に好ましい。
【0006】
本発明の化合物Iは、後述する実験例に示すように、式IにおけるRがメチル以外の基である類似化合物(例えば、Rが水素である対照化合物I1及びI2)に比較して、優れたHIVプロテアーゼ阻害活性を有すると共に、経口投与に際する吸収率が高くHIV感染症の予防及び治療に有用であると期待される。上記の定義で示される化合物Iのすべて上記の本発明の目的に有用であるが、中でも、R及びRがモルホリノを形成しているかR及びRが共にメチルであり、かつ/又はR及びRがメチルである化合物が好ましい。
【0007】
本発明化合物は、当業者既知の方法を用いて製造することができる。
一般的な合成法として、縮合は、液相法により段階的に実施する。例えば、縮合剤として、HOBt/DCC、HOBt/EDC或はDEPC/NMMの存在下、溶媒としてCHCl、DMF、THF、AcOEtの何れかを用いて行う。反応温度は−10℃〜30℃、好ましくは0℃〜25℃、反応時間は1〜16時間、好ましくは3〜5時間である。
中間体の脱保護は4N−HCl/ジオキサン或は6NaqHCl/ジオキサンを用い、反応温度0〜25℃、反応時間1〜3時間で実施する。
脱保護されたアミン成分は、塩酸を中和して遊離状態で取り出すか、或は溶媒を減圧留去後、当量の塩基(例えばTEA又はNMM)を加え、次の反応に使用してもよい。本発明化合物Iは例えば、以下の反応式に従って製造することができる。
【0008】
本発明の化合物I又はその塩を、HIV感染症の予防又は治療に用いるためには、経口又は非経口投与に適した製剤の形で投与する。経口投与による場合、本発明化合物は、通常の製剤、例えば、錠剤、散剤、顆粒剤、カプセル剤等の固形剤;水剤;油性懸濁剤;又はシロップ剤もしくはエリキシル剤等の液剤のいずれかの剤形としても用いることができる。非経口投与による場合、本発明化合物は、水性又は油性懸濁注射剤として用いることができる。その調製に際しては、慣用の賦形剤、結合剤、滑沢剤、水性溶剤、油性溶剤、乳化剤、懸濁化剤等のいずれをも用いることができ、また他の添加剤、例えば保存剤、安定剤等を含むものであってもよい。
本発明化合物又はその塩の投与量は、投与方法、患者の年齢、体重、状態及び疾患の種類によっても異なるが、通常、経口的には、1日あたり3mg〜2g、好ましくは、10mg〜1gであり、これを1〜5回に分割して投与すればよい。
【0009】
【実施例】
以下に実施例を挙げて本発明を詳しく説明するが、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。
実施例で使用する略語を以下に説明する。
TEA:トリエチルアミン
(BOC)O:ジ−t−ブチルカルボナート
EDC(HCl):1−エチル−3−(3−ジメチルアミノプロピル)カルボジイミド塩酸塩
HOBt:N−ヒドロキシベンゾトリアゾール
NMM:N−メチルモルホリン
DEPC:ジエチルシアノホスホナート
【0010】
製造例1
【化3】
Figure 0003579120
(1)化合物(5.00g、37.55mmol)を、CHCl(50ml)に懸濁し、TEA(5.8ml、41.38mmol)を加え、撹拌下、室温にて(Boc)O(9.80g、44.9mmol)を加えて3時間反応する。反応液に水性NaHCOを加え、酸性部を転溶し、次いで塩基性溶液にクエン酸を加えてpH3とし、酢酸エチル(×3)抽出する。抽出液は合併して飽和NaCl(×2)で洗滌後、MgSOで乾燥し、溶媒を減圧留去し、化合物(7.2g、収率82.2%)を得た。
化合物(7.20g、3.09mmol)、t−ブチルアミン(3.89ml、3.70mmol)及びHOBt(4.84g、3.58mmol)をCHCl(40ml)に懸濁し、N気流中で氷冷撹拌下、EDC(7.1g、3.6mmol)を加え、1時間反応した後、室温にて一夜反応する。溶媒を減圧留去し、残渣に6N−HCl(50ml)−ジオキサン(20ml)を加え、5時間反応する。反応液はCHCl(×3)で洗滌した後、NaHCOでアルカリ性とし、CHCl(×3)で抽出し、化合物(5.80g、収率:定量的)を得た。
【0011】
(2)化合物(Tetrahedron Letters,Vol.29,No.27,3295−3298(1988)に準じて製造)(4.77g、16.15mmol)、化合物(2.53g、13.44mmol)及びHOBt(2.18g、16.13mmol)をCHCl(30ml)−MeCN(10ml)に溶解し、N気流中、氷冷撹拌下、EDC(3.18g、16.14mmol)を加える。1時間後、室温にして16時間反応する。反応液は水性NaHCO(×2)、水、10%クエン酸(×2)及び水で順次、洗滌後、MgSOにて乾燥し、溶媒を減圧留去して、粗(2S,3S)(N−t−ブトキシカルボニル−3−アミノ−2−ヒドロキシ−4−フェニル−ブチリル)−L−チアゾリジン−4−カルボン酸 t−ブチルアミド(化合物)(7.0g)を得た。
粗化合物(7.00g)に4N−HCl/ジオキサン50mlを加え、撹拌下室温にて2時間反応する。溶媒を減圧留去し、残渣にCHCl(15ml)及び水(15ml)を加え、撹拌下、水性NaHCOにてpH8とし、析出した結晶を濾取し、mp213−215℃を示す化合物(4.60g、収率93.7%)を得た。
【0012】
製造例2
【化4】
Figure 0003579120
化合物(2.70g、7.39mmol)及び[R,R=CH;R=H](1.93g、8.88mmol)及びHOBt(1.32g、9.77mmol)をCHCl(150ml)に懸濁し、N気流、氷冷撹拌下、EDC(2.00g、10.15mmol)を加え、1時間反応し、更に室温で4時間反応した。反応液は7% NaHCO水溶液で洗浄後,MgSOにて乾燥した。溶媒を減圧留去して得た結晶性残渣を酢酸エチルより再結晶し、mp232−234℃を示す化合物[R,R=CH;R=H](3.85g、収率92.3%)を得た。
【0013】
製造例3
【化5】
Figure 0003579120
化合物[R,R=CH;R=H](3.80g、6.73mmol)に4N−HCl/ジオキサン(60ml)を加え、撹拌下、室温にて2時間反応した。溶媒を減圧留去して、残渣に7%NaHCO水溶液を加えてアルカリ性とし、析出した結晶を濾取、水洗、乾燥した。更に酢酸エチル−n−ヘキサン混液より再結晶して、mp125−128℃を示す化合物[R,R=CH;R=H](2.80g、収率89.6%)を得た。
【0014】
製造例4
【化6】
Figure 0003579120
化合物[R,R=CH;R=H](1.40g、3.02mmol)、化合物(1.14g,3.61mmol)、HOBt(0.488g、3.61mmol)、EDC(0.712g、3.61mmol)、CHCl(16ml)及びMeCN(4ml)を用い、参考例1と同様に反応して化合物[R,R=CH;R=H](2.20g、収率95.8%)を得た。得られた化合物は製造例3と同様に脱保護し、対応する化合物を得た。
【0015】
製造例5
【化7】
Figure 0003579120
化合物[R,R=CH;R=CH](1.00g、2.09mmol)、化合物(Thaisyivongs,S.,Pals,D.T.,Harris,D.W.,Kati,W.M.,Turner,S.R.,J.Med.Chem.1986 29 2088記載の合成法を参考に合成](0.692g、2.19mmol)、NMM(0.28ml)をCHCl(5ml)に溶解し、N気流、撹拌下、室温にてDEPC(ジエチルシアノホスホナート、Aldrich社製)(0.35ml、2.2mmol)を加え、3時間反応した。反応液は10%クエン酸水溶液、水で洗浄し、次いで7%NaHCO水溶液、水で洗浄した後、MgSOにて乾燥した。溶媒を減圧留去して粗生成物(0.660g)を得、これをクロマト処理し[SiO(80g)、28%NHOH水/MeOH/CHCl(0.2:2:100)混液]、化合物[R,R=CH;R=CH](0.71g、収率43.8%)を得た。得られた化合物は製造例3と同様に脱保護し、対応する化合物を得た。
【0016】
参考例1 フラグメント法A
【化8】
Figure 0003579120
化合物[R,R=CH;R=H](0.70g、1.51mmol)、化合物(0.62g、1.81mmol)、HOBt(0.250g、1.85mmol)及びEDC(0.360g、1.83mmol)を製造例2と同様に反応し、粗生成物をクロマト処理する[SiO(Merk社、230−400メッシュ)(35g)、28%NHOH水/MeOH/CHCl(0.25:2.5:100)混液]。流出物(1.15g)をEtOでトリチュレートしてmp212−214℃を示す灰白色結晶の化合物III[R,R=CH;R=H;R,R=モルホリノ](1.10g、収率92%)を得た。
【0017】
参考例2
【化9】
Figure 0003579120
製造例4で得た化合物[R,R=CH;R=H](0.150g、0.22mmol)、化合物(R,R=モルホリノ)(0.041g、0.24mmol)、HOBt(0.016g、0.12mmol)、EDC(0.047g、0.24mmol)を参考例1と同様に反応してmp195〜198℃の化合物III[R,R=CH;R=H;R,R=モルホリノ](0.147g、収率83.1%)を得た。
【0018】
実施例1
【化10】
Figure 0003579120
製造例5で得た化合物[R,R=CH;R=CH](0.320g、0.47mmol)、化合物(R,R=モルホリノ)(0.103g、0.71mmol)、NMM(86μl)、CHCl(3ml)、DEPC(120μl)を用い、製造例5と同様に反応して化合物I[R,R=CH;R=CH;R,R=モルホリノ](0.242g、収率63.7%)を得た。
【0019】
上記実施例で得た化合物及び同様にして得た化合物の製造過程における収率、物性値、元素分析値等を以下の表1及び2に示す。
【0020】
【表1】
Figure 0003579120
【0021】
【表2】
Figure 0003579120
実施例で得た化合物のHIVプロテアーゼ阻害作用及びHIV感染抑制作用を以下の方法で調べた。
【0022】
実験例1 化合物のHIV−1プロテアーゼ阻害作用の測定
実験は、以下の一般的手法に従って行われた。
材料
予め5倍希釈系列の検体溶液(DMSO)を作成し、そこから5μlをとってエッペンドルフマイクロチューブに入れる。これに、氷冷しておいた反応液(95μl)を加える。混合後の成分の最終濃度は次のようになるよう設定した。
Figure 0003579120
注:
1)発蛍光基質 4−(4−ジメチルアミノフェニラゾ)ベンゾイル(DABCYL)−γ−アミノブチリル(GABA)−Ser−Gln−Asn−Tyr−Pro−Ile−Val−Gln−5−[(2−アミノエチル)アミノ]ナフタレン−1−スルホン酸(EDANS)
2)HIV−1プロテアーゼが37℃で1分間に1μMのDGGpEを分解する活性を1ユニットとする。
【0023】
方法
反応液を37℃で2時間反応し、2%トリフルオロ酢酸(TFA)(100μl)を加えて反応を停止させる。
反応液中の分解産物をTSK−gel ODS−80TMカラムを用い、0.1%TFA−17%アセトニトリル、0.8ml/分の条件でHPLCで分離し、365nmで励起し、490nmの蛍光強度を測定した。
化合物によるプロテアーゼの阻害率%は、以下の式に従って計算した。
【数1】
阻害率(%)=
[1−{(試料を加えた時のピーク面積)/(試料を加えない時のピーク面積)}]×100
50%阻害濃度(IC50ng/ml)は化合物の各濃度における阻害率%のセミログプロットより求めた。
【0024】
実験例2 ラット経口投与による測定
一夜絶食したラット(雄性Jcl−SD、8−9週令、240−300g)にHIVプロテアーゼ阻害剤(20mg/4ml/kgの0.01Mクエン酸水溶液又は懸濁液)を経口投与後、頸静脈から経時的に採血し、血漿中濃度推移を非麻酔下で追跡した。
【0025】
AUC(血漿中濃度時間曲線下面積)測定
除蛋白処理
血液試料は、血漿(200μl)にMeCN(750μl)を加えた後、ミキサーで撹拌し、冷却遠心機で遠心し、得られた上清(850μl)を蒸発乾固し、溶離液(0.1%トリフルオロ酢酸水溶液−MeCN系溶媒)(150μl)に溶解した後、100μlをHPLCに注入し、以下の条件で定量した。
定量
HIVプロテアーゼ阻害剤の定量は、SPD−M6A UV検出器を備えたLC−6A HPLC(島津(株);京都)を用いて行った(カラム:Nucleosil5C18;溶離液:0.1%トリフルオロ酢酸水溶液−MeCN系溶媒)。
同様にして静脈内投与におけるAUCを測定した。結果を下記の表3に示す。
【0026】
【表3】
Figure 0003579120
1)経口投与によるHIVプロテアーゼ阻害アッセイ
2)非経口(静注)投与によるHIVプロテアーゼ阻害アッセイ
3)対照化合物I1[R,R=モルホリノ;R,R=CH;R=H;n=1]
4)対照化合物I2[R,R=モルホリノ;R,R=CH;R=H;n=2]
表3に示した結果から明らかなように、Rがメチルである本発明化合物は、Rが水素である対照化合物に比較して、経口投与で有用である。
【0027】
【発明の効果】
本発明化合物又はその塩はHIVプロテアーゼ阻害活性を有し、HIV感染抑制作用を示し、経口投与に際する吸収率は高い。従って、本発明の化合物を用いてエイズ等のHIVウイルス感染症の予防又は治療を行うことが可能である。[0001]
The present invention relates to a novel norstatin derivative which has an inhibitory activity on HIV protease and is effective for prevention and treatment of HIV infection.
[0002]
[Prior Art and Problems to be Solved by the Invention]
Conventionally, it has been proposed to use an immunodeficiency virus (HIV) RNA reverse transcriptase inhibitor or a protease inhibitor for the treatment of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Among these, various peptide derivatives have been disclosed as active ingredients of protease inhibitors (for example, JP-A-2-117615, JP-A-2-202898, JP-A-2-202899, JP-A-2-202899). JP-A-2-204475, JP-A-5-78311, JP-A-5-170722, JP-A-5-178824, JP-A-6-100533, and WO93 / 3066. In particular, derivatives having a β-amino-α-hydroxycarboxylic acid group as a hydroxyamino acid isostere in a peptide have attracted attention (EP 0490667A2, JP-A-5-170722, JP-A-5-178824, and WO93 / 3066).
However, in terms of the absorption rate of an HIV protease inhibitor upon oral administration, metabolic stability, transferability to lymph nodes, effectiveness such as affinity for HIV protease, etc., particularly in terms of absorption rate upon oral administration. There is a problem, and in order to properly treat or prevent HIV infection such as AIDS, it is necessary to develop more compounds and investigate the feasibility of clinical application.
[0003]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems, and comprises a compound of the formula I:
Embedded image
Figure 0003579120
(Wherein R 1 and R 2 are each independently alkyl, or R 1 and R 2 may form a heterocyclic group together with adjacent N; R 3 and R 4 are each independently R 5 is alkyl; n represents an integer of 1 to 3)
Or a salt thereof.
The present inventors have synthesized a series of compounds having various groups R 5 in formula I, HIV protease inhibitory activity, cytotoxicity, a result of screening for efficacy, etc. for oral administration, the compound of the present invention is excellent The present invention has been found to have characteristics, and the present invention has been completed.
[0004]
In the present specification, “alkyl” means a linear or branched alkyl having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and examples thereof include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl and the like. And methyl are preferred.
"Heterocyclic group" means both aromatic and non-aromatic heterocycles, having one or more numbers of the same or different heteroatoms independently selected from O, S and N 5-7 membered rings, which may be fused with a carbocycle. Examples of such aromatic heterocycles include furyl, thienyl, tetrazolyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, oxazolyl, thiazolyl, pyridinyl, oxazinyl or triazinyl. Examples of the non-aromatic heterocycle include pyrrolidinyl, thiazolidinyl, oxazolidinyl, imidazolidinyl, thiazolinyl, oxazolinyl, imidazolinyl, piperidinyl, piperazinyl, morpholinyl, thiomorpholinyl, oxadiazolyl, and dioxanyl.
As the heterocyclic group formed by R 1 and R 2 of the compound of the present invention, a non-aromatic heterocyclic ring is preferable, and morpholinyl is particularly preferable.
Further, as the heterocyclic group for R 3 and R 4 of the compound of the present invention, an aromatic heterocyclic ring is preferable.
The heterocyclic group may be substituted, and examples of such a substituent include lower alkyl such as methyl and ethyl, and trifluoromethyl.
[0005]
Salts of the compounds of formula I are pharmaceutically acceptable salts, derived from inorganic acids such as hydrochloric, nitric, phosphoric, sulfuric, hydrobromic, hydroiodic, nitrous, phosphorous and the like. And salts derived from non-toxic organic acids such as aliphatic mono- and dicarboxylic acids, phenyl-substituted alkanoic acids, hydroxy-alkane monoacids and alkane diacids, aromatic acids and aliphatic and aromatic sulfonic acids. It is. Such pharmaceutically acceptable acid addition salts include sulfate, pyrosulfate, bisulfate, sulfite, bisulfite, nitrate, phosphate, secondary phosphate, primary phosphate. , Metaphosphate, pyrophosphate, hydrochloride, hydrobromide, hydroiodide, hydrofluoride, acetate, propionate, decanoate, caprylate, acrylate , Formate, isobutyrate, caprate, heptanoate, propiolate, oxalate, malonate, succinate, suberate, sebacate, fumarate, maleate, mandelic acid Salts, butyne-1,4-dioate, hexyne-1,6-dioate, benzoate, chlorobenzoate, methylbenzoate, dinitrobenzoate, hydroxybenzoate, phthalate, Terephthalate, benzenesulfonate, toluenesulfonate, Benzenesulfonate, xylenesulfonate, phenylacetate, phenylpropionate, phenylbutyrate, citrate, lactate, β-hydroxybutyrate, glycolate, malate, tartrate, methanesulfonic acid Salts, propanesulfonate, naphthalene-1-sulfonate, naphthalene-2-sulfonate and other salts. Preferred for the present invention are salts of inorganic acids, with hydrochlorides and nitrates being particularly preferred.
[0006]
Compound I of the present invention has a structure as shown in Experimental Examples which will be described later, compared to analogous compounds in which R 5 in Formula I is a group other than methyl (for example, control compounds I1 and I2 in which R 5 is hydrogen). It has excellent HIV protease inhibitory activity and high absorption rate upon oral administration, and is expected to be useful for prevention and treatment of HIV infection. All of the compounds I as defined above are useful for the purposes of the present invention described above, among which R 1 and R 2 form morpholino or R 1 and R 2 are both methyl, and / or Compounds in which R 3 and R 4 are methyl are preferred.
[0007]
The compound of the present invention can be produced by a method known to those skilled in the art.
As a general synthesis method, the condensation is carried out stepwise by a liquid phase method. For example, in the presence of HOBt / DCC, HOBt / EDC or DEPC / NMM as a condensing agent, any one of CH 2 Cl 2 , DMF, THF and AcOEt is used as a solvent. The reaction temperature is -10C to 30C, preferably 0C to 25C, and the reaction time is 1 to 16 hours, preferably 3 to 5 hours.
The deprotection of the intermediate is carried out using 4N-HCl / dioxane or 6NaqHCl / dioxane at a reaction temperature of 0 to 25 ° C. and a reaction time of 1 to 3 hours.
The deprotected amine component may be removed in a free state by neutralizing hydrochloric acid, or the solvent may be distilled off under reduced pressure, and then an equivalent amount of a base (eg, TEA or NMM) may be added and used in the next reaction. . The compound I of the present invention can be produced, for example, according to the following reaction formula.
[0008]
In order to use the compound I of the present invention or a salt thereof for the prevention or treatment of HIV infection, it is administered in the form of a preparation suitable for oral or parenteral administration. In the case of oral administration, the compound of the present invention is any of ordinary preparations, for example, solid preparations such as tablets, powders, granules and capsules; liquid preparations; oily suspensions; and liquid preparations such as syrups and elixirs. Can also be used as a dosage form. In the case of parenteral administration, the compound of the present invention can be used as an aqueous or oily suspension injection. In the preparation thereof, any of conventional excipients, binders, lubricants, aqueous solvents, oily solvents, emulsifiers, suspending agents and the like can be used, and other additives such as preservatives, It may contain a stabilizer or the like.
The dose of the compound of the present invention or a salt thereof varies depending on the method of administration, the age, weight, condition and type of disease of the patient, but is usually orally 3 mg to 2 g, preferably 10 mg to 1 g per day. This may be administered in 1 to 5 divided doses.
[0009]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to Examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
Abbreviations used in the examples are described below.
TEA: triethylamine (BOC) 2 O: di-t-butyl carbonate EDC (HCl): 1-ethyl-3- (3-dimethylaminopropyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride HOBt: N-hydroxybenzotriazole NMM: N-methylmorpholine DEPC: diethyl cyanophosphonate
Production Example 1
Embedded image
Figure 0003579120
(1) Compound a (5.00 g, 37.55 mmol) was suspended in CH 2 Cl 2 (50 ml), TEA (5.8 ml, 41.38 mmol) was added, and (Boc) 2 was stirred at room temperature at room temperature. O (9.80 g, 44.9 mmol) is added and reacted for 3 hours. Aqueous NaHCO 3 is added to the reaction solution to dissolve the acidic part, and then the basic solution is adjusted to pH 3 by adding citric acid and extracted with ethyl acetate (× 3). The combined extracts were washed with saturated NaCl (× 2), dried over MgSO 4 , and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to obtain Compound b (7.2 g, yield 82.2%).
Compound b (7.20 g, 3.09 mmol), t-butylamine (3.89 ml, 3.70 mmol) and HOBt (4.84 g, 3.58 mmol) were suspended in CH 2 Cl 2 (40 ml), and N 2 gas flow was performed. EDC (7.1 g, 3.6 mmol) was added under ice-cooling and stirring in the mixture, and the mixture was reacted for 1 hour and then reacted at room temperature overnight. The solvent is distilled off under reduced pressure, 6N-HCl (50 ml) -dioxane (20 ml) is added to the residue, and the mixture is reacted for 5 hours. The reaction solution was washed with CH 2 Cl 2 (× 3), made alkaline with NaHCO 3 , and extracted with CH 2 Cl 2 (× 3) to obtain a compound c (5.80 g, yield: quantitative). .
[0011]
(2) Compound d (manufactured according to Tetrahedron Letters, Vol. 29, No. 27, 3295-3298 (1988)) (4.77 g, 16.15 mmol), compound c (2.53 g, 13.44 mmol) and HOBt (2.18g, 16.13mmol) was dissolved in CH 2 Cl 2 (30ml) -MeCN (10ml), in a stream of N 2 is added with stirring under ice-cooling, EDC and (3.18g, 16.14mmol). One hour later, the reaction is carried out at room temperature for 16 hours. The reaction solution was washed successively with aqueous NaHCO 3 (× 2), water, 10% citric acid (× 2) and water, dried over MgSO 4 , and the solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure to give crude (2S, 3S) (Nt-butoxycarbonyl-3-amino-2-hydroxy-4-phenyl-butyryl) -L-thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid t-butylamide (Compound e ) (7.0 g) was obtained.
50 ml of 4N HCl / dioxane is added to the crude compound e (7.00 g), and the mixture is reacted with stirring at room temperature for 2 hours. The solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, CH 2 Cl 2 (15 ml) and water (15 ml) were added to the residue, the mixture was adjusted to pH 8 with aqueous NaHCO 3 under stirring, and the precipitated crystals were collected by filtration to give a compound exhibiting mp 213-215 ° C. 1 (4.60 g, yield 93.7%) was obtained.
[0012]
Production Example 2
Embedded image
Figure 0003579120
Compound 1 (2.70 g, 7.39 mmol) and 2 [R 3 , R 4 = CH 3 ; R 5 = H] (1.93 g, 8.88 mmol) and HOBt (1.32 g, 9.77 mmol) were converted to CH. Suspended in 2 Cl 2 (150 ml), EDC (2.00 g, 10.15 mmol) was added under N 2 stream and ice-cooled stirring, and the mixture was reacted for 1 hour and further reacted at room temperature for 4 hours. The reaction solution was washed with a 7% aqueous solution of NaHCO 3 and dried over MgSO 4 . The crystalline residue obtained by evaporating the solvent under reduced pressure was recrystallized from ethyl acetate, and the compound 3 [R 3 , R 4 = CH 3 ; R 5 = H] showing mp 232-234 ° C. (3.85 g, yield) 92.3%).
[0013]
Production Example 3
Embedded image
Figure 0003579120
4N-HCl / dioxane (60 ml) was added to compound 3 [R 3 , R 4 CHCH 3 ; R 5 HH] (3.80 g, 6.73 mmol), and the mixture was reacted at room temperature for 2 hours with stirring. The solvent was distilled off under reduced pressure, and the residue was made alkaline by adding a 7% aqueous NaHCO 3 solution. The precipitated crystals were collected by filtration, washed with water, and dried. Further, the product was recrystallized from a mixed solution of ethyl acetate and n-hexane to give a compound 4 [R 3 , R 4 = CH 3 ; R 5 = H] (2.80 g, yield 89.6%) having an mp of 125 to 128 ° C. Obtained.
[0014]
Production Example 4
Embedded image
Figure 0003579120
Compound 4 [R 3 , R 4 = CH 3 ; R 5 = H] (1.40 g, 3.02 mmol), Compound 6 (1.14 g, 3.61 mmol), HOBt (0.488 g, 3.61 mmol), Using EDC (0.712 g, 3.61 mmol), CH 2 Cl 2 (16 ml) and MeCN (4 ml), the reaction was carried out in the same manner as in Reference Example 1 to give Compound 7 [R 3 , R 4 = CH 3 ; R 5 = H] (2.20 g, yield 95.8%). The obtained compound 7 was deprotected in the same manner as in Production Example 3 to obtain the corresponding compound 8 .
[0015]
Production Example 5
Embedded image
Figure 0003579120
Compound 4 [R 3 , R 4 CHCH 3 ; R 5 CHCH 3 ] (1.00 g, 2.09 mmol), Compound 6 (Thaisyvongs, S., Pals, DT, Harris, D.W., Kati, WM, Turner, SR, J. Med. Chem. 1986 29 2088] (0.692 g, 2.19 mmol) and NMM (0.28 ml) in CH was dissolved in 2 Cl 2 (5ml), N 2 stream under stirring, DEPC at room temperature (diethyl cyano phosphonate, manufactured by Aldrich Co.) (0.35 ml, 2.2 mmol) was added and the mixture was reacted for 3 hours. the reaction mixture 10% aqueous citric acid, washed with water, followed by 7% NaHCO 3 solution, washed with water, and dried over MgSO 4. the solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure to a crude product (0. Give 60 g), which was chromatographed [SiO 2 (80g), 28 % NH 4 OH water / MeOH / CH 2 Cl 2 ( 0.2: 2: 100) mixture], compound 7 [R 3, R 4 = CH 3 ; R 5 = CH 3 ] (0.71 g, yield 43.8%) The obtained compound 7 was deprotected in the same manner as in Preparation Example 3 to obtain the corresponding compound 8 .
[0016]
Reference Example 1 Fragment Method A
Embedded image
Figure 0003579120
Compound 4 [R 3 , R 4 CHCH 3 ; R 5 HH] (0.70 g, 1.51 mmol), Compound 5 (0.62 g, 1.81 mmol), HOBt (0.250 g, 1.85 mmol) and EDC (0.360 g, 1.83 mmol) is reacted in the same manner as in Production Example 2, and the crude product is subjected to chromatographic treatment [SiO 2 (Merk, 230-400 mesh) (35 g), 28% aqueous NH 4 OH / MeOH / CH 2 Cl 2 (0.25 : 2.5: 100) mixture. The effluent (1.15 g) was triturated with Et 2 O to give compound III of off-white crystals showing mp 212-214 ° C. [R 3 , R 4 = CH 3 ; R 5 = H; R 1 , R 2 = morpholino] ( 1.10 g, yield 92%).
[0017]
Reference Example 2
Embedded image
Figure 0003579120
Compound 8 obtained in Production Example 4 [R 3 , R 4 = CH 3 ; R 5 = H] (0.150 g, 0.22 mmol), Compound 9 (R 1 , R 2 = morpholino) (0.041 g, 0 .24 mmol), HOBt (0.016 g, 0.12 mmol) and EDC (0.047 g, 0.24 mmol) were reacted in the same manner as in Reference Example 1 to give compound III [R 3 , R 4 = CH with a mp of 195-198 ° C. 3; yield R 1, R 2 = morpholino] a (0.147 g, 83.1% yield); R 5 = H.
[0018]
Example 1
Embedded image
Figure 0003579120
Compound 8 obtained in Production Example 5 [R 3 , R 4 = CH 3 ; R 5 = CH 3 ] (0.320 g, 0.47 mmol), compound 9 (R 1 , R 2 = morpholino) (0.103 g, 0.71 mmol), NMM (86 μl), CH 2 Cl 2 (3 ml), and DEPC (120 μl) were reacted in the same manner as in Production Example 5 to react with Compound I [R 3 , R 4 = CH 3 ; R 5 = CH 3 ; R 1 , R 2 = morpholino] (0.242 g, yield 63.7%).
[0019]
The yields, physical properties, elemental analysis values, and the like of the compounds obtained in the above Examples and the compounds obtained in the same manner in the production process are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.
[0020]
[Table 1]
Figure 0003579120
[0021]
[Table 2]
Figure 0003579120
The HIV protease inhibitory activity and HIV infection inhibitory activity of the compounds obtained in the examples were examined by the following methods.
[0022]
Experimental Example 1 An experiment for measuring the HIV-1 protease inhibitory action of a compound was performed according to the following general method.
Materials Prepare a 5-fold dilution series of sample solution (DMSO) in advance, take 5 μl from it, and place in an Eppendorf microtube. To this is added an ice-cooled reaction solution (95 μl). The final concentrations of the components after mixing were set as follows.
Figure 0003579120
note:
1) Fluorescent substrate 4- (4-dimethylaminophenylazo) benzoyl (DABCYL) -γ-aminobutyryl (GABA) -Ser-Gln-Asn-Tyr-Pro-Ile-Val-Gln-5-[(2-amino Ethyl) amino] naphthalene-1-sulfonic acid (EDANS)
2) The activity of HIV-1 protease to decompose 1 μM DGGpE per minute at 37 ° C. is defined as one unit.
[0023]
Method The reaction was allowed to react at 37 ° C. for 2 hours, and the reaction was stopped by the addition of 2% trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) (100 μl).
The degradation products in the reaction solution were separated by HPLC using a TSK-gel ODS-80TM column under the conditions of 0.1% TFA-17% acetonitrile, 0.8 ml / min, excited at 365 nm, and the fluorescence intensity at 490 nm was measured. It was measured.
The percentage of inhibition of the protease by the compound was calculated according to the following formula.
(Equation 1)
Inhibition rate (%) =
[1-{(peak area when sample is added) / (peak area when no sample is added)}] × 100
The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC 50 ng / ml) was determined from a semilog plot of% inhibition at each concentration of compound.
[0024]
Experimental Example 2 Measurement by oral administration to rats An overnight fasted rat (male Jcl-SD, 8-9 weeks old, 240-300 g) was administered to an HIV protease inhibitor (20 mg / 4 ml / kg of a 0.01 M citric acid aqueous solution). Or suspensions) were orally administered, blood was collected over time from the jugular vein, and changes in plasma concentration were tracked under non-anesthesia.
[0025]
AUC (area under the plasma concentration time curve) measurement
Deproteinization treatment The blood sample was prepared by adding MeCN (750 μl) to plasma (200 μl), stirring with a mixer, centrifuging with a cooling centrifuge, and evaporating the resulting supernatant (850 μl) to dryness. After dissolving in an eluent (0.1% trifluoroacetic acid aqueous solution-MeCN solvent) (150 μl), 100 μl was injected into HPLC and quantified under the following conditions.
Determination of quantitative HIV protease inhibitors, LC-6A HPLC equipped with SPD-M6A UV detector; was performed using (Shimadzu Corporation, Kyoto) (column: Nucleosil5C 18; eluant: 0.1% trifluoroacetic Acetic acid aqueous solution-MeCN solvent).
AUC in intravenous administration was measured in the same manner. The results are shown in Table 3 below.
[0026]
[Table 3]
Figure 0003579120
1) HIV protease inhibition assay by oral administration 2) HIV protease inhibition assay by parenteral (iv) administration 3) Control compound I1 [R 1 , R 2 = morpholino; R 3 , R 4 = CH 3 ; R 5 = H N = 1]
4) Control compound I2 [R 1 , R 2 = morpholino; R 3 , R 4 = CH 3 ; R 5 = H; n = 2]
As is evident from the results shown in Table 3, the compounds of the present invention where R 5 is methyl are useful for oral administration as compared to the control compounds where R 5 is hydrogen.
[0027]
【The invention's effect】
The compound of the present invention or a salt thereof has an HIV protease inhibitory activity, exhibits an HIV infection suppressing effect, and has a high absorption rate upon oral administration. Therefore, it is possible to prevent or treat HIV virus infections such as AIDS using the compounds of the present invention.

Claims (6)

式I:
Figure 0003579120
(式中、R及びRはそれぞれ独立してアルキル、又はR及びRは隣接するNと一緒になってヘテロ環基を形成してもよい;R及びRはそれぞれ独立して水素、アルキル又はヘテロ環基;Rはアルキル;nは1〜3の整数を表す)
で示される化合物又はその塩。
Formula I:
Figure 0003579120
(Wherein R 1 and R 2 are each independently alkyl, or R 1 and R 2 may form a heterocyclic group together with adjacent N; R 3 and R 4 are each independently Te hydrogen, alkyl or a heterocyclic group; R 5 is alkyl; n represents an integer of 1 to 3)
Or a salt thereof.
がメチルである請求項1記載の化合物。The compound according to claim 1, wherein R 5 is methyl. N(R)Rがモルホリノである請求項1記載の化合物。The compound according to claim 1, wherein N (R 1 ) R 2 is morpholino. 及びRがメチルである請求項1記載の化合物。The compound according to claim 1, wherein R 1 and R 2 are methyl. 及びRがメチルである請求項3又は4記載の化合物。The compound according to claim 3 or 4, wherein R 3 and R 4 are methyl. 請求項1記載の化合物を有効量含有する抗ウイルス剤。An antiviral agent comprising an effective amount of the compound according to claim 1.
JP10848995A 1995-05-02 1995-05-02 HIV protease inhibitor Expired - Fee Related JP3579120B2 (en)

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