JP3576068B2 - High-speed gate pump - Google Patents

Description

【００４０】
（その他の実施例の形態）
前述したガイドケーシング６とモータユニット２１との間で形成される開口３２は、断面が円形の環状の隙間であった。しかしながら、この開口３２の断面形状は、横長又は縦長の多角形、扁平の円形、楕円形等の断面を有するものであっても良い。
【００４１】
【発明の効果】
本発明の高速小型の水中ポンプである高速ゲートポンプをゲートに取り付けることにより、従来のゲートポンプよりもコンパクト、省スペース、低コストのゲートポンプを製作をすることがができる。更に、従来、モータの極数の増大、キャビテーション条件、水路の水深の不足等の制約から出来なかった大口径ゲートポンプの製作及び設置ができるという効果がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】図１は、本発明の高速ゲートポンプを示す一部断面の側面図である。
【図２】図２は、前置案内羽根と羽根の関係を回転円周面で展開して示した展開図である。
【図３】図３は、羽根車入口及び出口の各速度の関係を求めた速度線図である。
【図４】図４は、本発明の実施の形態２を示し、角度αで高速ゲートポンプを傾けて扉体に配置した例である。
【図５】図５は、本発明の実施の形態３を示し、扉体の上流川に高速ゲートポンプを配置した例である。
【図６】図６は、本発明の実施の形態３の２台の高速ゲートポンプを扉体に配置した例であり、図６（ａ）は正面図、図６（ｂ）は側面図である。
【符号の説明】
１…扉体
２…高速ゲートポンプ
６…ガイドケーシング
７…環状部
９…固定フランジ
１５…前置案内羽根
２１…モータユニット
２６…羽根
２７…羽根車
３０…カバー[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a high-speed gate pump. More specifically, the present invention relates to a high-speed gate pump which is a submersible pump fixedly arranged on a door of a floodgate provided across a river or the like.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Various submersible pumps, that is, gate pumps (registered trademark of the present applicant) directly disposed on the door of a floodgate have been proposed. This gate pump generally includes a suction bell mouth, an impeller, a rear guide blade, a discharge casing, a discharge flap valve, and the like. The following three types are known as mounting types of the pump on the gate door. A vertical axis type in which the pump is arranged on the upstream side surface of the door body, a gate built-in type in which the pump is arranged inside the gate, and a horizontal axis type in which the rotation axis of the pump is horizontally arranged.
[0003]
The vertical axis type is a method in which a vertical shaft submersible pump is attached to a girder gate through an elbow-shaped casing. This method has an advantage that the gate and the pump do not require a special structure and are easy to manufacture. However, when two high-speed gate pumps are used for the waterway width, the water depth on the suction side is usually required to be 6 times the diameter, and the water depth on the suction side is usually required to be about 2.6 times the diameter.
[0004]
The built-in gate type is a type in which a submersible pump is built in a gate door body, and a discharge port is opened on the downstream side. With this built-in gate type, the overall shape of the gate pump has a well-balanced shape, the thickness of the door body is large, and the horizontal main girder can not be placed inside the door body, so if it is large, the strength design is It is difficult to do, and the dimensions of the water channel can be almost the same as the gate mounting type.
[0005]
The horizontal axis type (for example, JP-A-11-166496) is a type in which an outer rotor type submersible motor pump is mounted on a horizontal axis (horizontal direction). Since the motor shaft is horizontal and the direction of water flow and the direction of the opening coincide with each other on this horizontal axis, the flow speed of the water flowing into the water channel can be increased and the width of the water channel can be narrowed. Because it is installed, the axial dimension can be shortened, the outer diameter of the impeller becomes large, so it is disadvantageous for cavitation, so the number of poles of the motor increases, there is a limit to increasing the capacity, the suction aperture becomes large, It is not possible to operate at a low water level lower than that.
[0006]
On the other hand, in the case of an axial pump, the specific speed Ns is generally set to 1300 to 2000 (according to the technical standards for pumping and drainage). In this case, if the pump has a low head and a large diameter, the number of poles of the motor increases due to low-speed rotation, and accordingly the whole motor becomes large. As the number of poles of the motor increases, the motor efficiency and the motor power decrease. Therefore, the practical limit is about 20 poles, and therefore, there is a limit in manufacturing a large-diameter pump.
[0007]
For example, if a pump having a discharge amount Q = 90 m ³ / min and a total head = 2 m is designed with Ns = 2000, the rotation speed N is 354 rpm. Since this corresponds to 20 poles in the case of a power supply of 60 Hz, the pump capacity is almost limited.
[0008]
Next, axial flow pumps with rear guide vanes are required to produce twisted guide vanes, which are difficult to machine. Becomes heavier. In addition, if the rear guide vane is eliminated, the size and weight are reduced, but the pump efficiency is deteriorated and the required power is increased. Therefore, the size of the motor is increased, and as a result, not only the size and weight cannot be reduced, but also the cost of the entire equipment increases.
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In particular, in the gate pump, it is preferable to move the water linearly from the inner water side to the outer water side of the gate because the flow direction and the suction and discharge directions of the water channel coincide with each other, so that the loss is small, so that it is preferable. However, if the conventional pump is simply arranged on the horizontal axis, the overall size is large, the weight is large, and it becomes too long, and the balance is poor when attached to the gate.
The present invention has been made under the above-mentioned technical background, and achieves the following objects.
An object of the present invention is to provide a small-sized, lightweight, high-speed gate pump required for a gate pump.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a high-speed gate pump having a low head and a simple structure required for the gate pump.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a large capacity gate pump having a large specific speed and a small external dimension.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The high-speed gate pump according to the present invention is provided with a motor unit for rotationally driving, and an annular gap is formed between the motor unit and an outer periphery of the motor unit so as to be concentric with the drive axis of the motor unit. A high-speed gate pump comprising a guide casing, wherein a motor unit is arranged on a side where water to be pumped in flows, wherein the gap has a peripheral surface substantially parallel to the drive axis; and And a tapered hole that is continuous with the front guide blade arranged to give a swirling flow to the water to be sucked, and water that is connected to the motor unit and sent from the front guide blade. It comprises an impeller that gives a turn in the opposite direction to the front guide blade, and a discharge pipe that guides water pumped up by the impeller and has a tapered inner hole.
[0011]
The high-speed gate pump may be arranged such that a center axis of the impeller forms an angle with a horizontal line, and the motor unit is positioned below the impeller.
[0012]
It is preferable that a flap valve is disposed on the distal end surface of the discharge pipe so as to be swingable, and opens the discharge pipe only when discharging from the impeller. It is preferable to dispose a cover having one end fixed to the upper part on the opening side of the guide casing and forming an angle with the horizontal direction, and disposed so that the discharge pipe side is higher.
[0013]
The high-speed gate pump may be driven up and down by a vertical drive unit at a position substantially at the center of gravity of the motor unit. Further, the high-speed gate pump may be arranged on a door on the side from which the pumped-up water is discharged.
[0014]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
[Embodiment 1]
Hereinafter, Embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional side view showing a high-speed gate pump according to the present invention. The door 1 is a weir constituting a gate. In the present embodiment, a high-speed gate pump 2 is arranged and fixed to a door 1 constituting a roller gate, which is a kind of the gate. Both ends of the back surface of the door body 1 are supported up and down in the door groove, and receive water pressure. To receive the water pressure, a roller (not shown) is fixedly disposed at a portion of the back surface of the door body 1 which contacts the door groove. These structures and functions are well-known technologies, and the description thereof will be omitted.
[0015]
A pump fixing plate 3 is fixed by bolts 4 on one of the side surfaces of the door 1, that is, on the inflow side. This fixing may be performed by welding. The pump fixing plate 3 is for fixing the high-speed gate pump 2 of the present invention to the door 1 in a detachable manner, and is a rectangular fixing plate having a predetermined thickness. An opening 5 is formed in the center of the pump fixing plate 3. The opening 5 is a through hole for passing the pumped up water.
[0016]
A guide casing 6 is fixedly arranged on the water inflow side (normally, on the upstream side) of the opening 5. The guide casing 6 is an outer main body constituting the high-speed gate pump 2. The guide casing 6 includes an annular portion 7 and a tapered portion 8 that is continuous with the annular portion 7. A fixed flange 9 is integrally formed at the front of the guide casing 6, and the rear has an opening 32 communicating with the tapered portion 8 through an annular gap. The opening 32 is for sucking water from the inflow side. The high-speed gate pump 2 is fixed to the door 1 by fixing the fixing flange 9 to the pump fixing plate 3 with the plurality of bolts 10.
[0017]
The annular inner hole 11 of the annular portion 7 is a straight portion whose inner diameter dimension does not change. The tapered inner hole 12 of the tapered portion 8 continuous with the annular portion 7 is a cylindrical hole having a taper continuous with the annular inner hole 11. The taper angle of the tapered inner hole 12 is formed at 18 degrees in this example. This taper angle differs depending on the design such as the shape of the front guide blade 15 as described later, and is not a fixed value. The tapered inner hole 12 guides water flowing into the annular inner hole 11 of the guide casing 6 to the tapered inner hole 12 to increase the speed.
[0018]
On the inner peripheral surface of the tapered inner hole 12, six front guide blades 15 are arranged at equiangular positions in this example. The front guide blade 15 forms a lead angle in the direction of the central axis. The swirling motion according to the lead angle is given to the water flowing from the annular inner hole 11. A motor unit mounting portion 20 having a cylindrical outer shape is disposed at a center position of the motor unit mounting portion 20 and integrally connected to the front guide blade 15. Therefore, the front guide vane 15 has a function of imparting a turning motion to water and fixing the motor unit 21.
[0019]
The outer shape of the motor unit mounting portion 20 is substantially the same as that of the tapered inner hole 12, and the inside thereof is hollow. The motor unit mounting portion 20 and the motor unit 21 are fixed to the rear end of the motor unit mounting portion 20 with bolts 22. The front guide blade 15 gives the water flowing into the opening 32 a swirling flow in a direction opposite to an impeller 27 described later.
[0020]
The motor unit 21 is a motor having a built-in squirrel-cage induction motor and generating a rotational driving force by electric power. In this example, the number of magnetic poles of the conventional squirrel-cage induction motor is reduced to increase the number of revolutions, and the specific speed NS2000 to 3000 is increased. The motor unit 21 is supplied with power from a power line housed in the casing cable protection tube 23. A seal member (not shown) such as a mechanical seal is disposed on the outer periphery of the output shaft of the motor unit 21 so that water does not enter the inside of the motor unit 21.
[0021]
An impeller hub 25 is key-fixed to the output shaft of the motor unit 21. In this example, four (or two or three) blades 26 are arranged on the outer periphery of the impeller hub 25 at equal angular intervals on the outer periphery in this example. The impeller hub 25 and the blade 26 constitute an impeller 27. The motor unit 21 drives the impeller 27 to rotate. In front of the impeller hub 25, an impeller boss 28 having a curved surface with a rounded front and a flat end surface is fixed to the output shaft of the motor unit 21 with bolts (not shown).
[0022]
In order to secure a high specific speed, the diameter (d) of the impeller boss 28 is designed to be small, and the diameter ratio to the diameter (D) of the opening 5, that is, the boss ratio (d / D) is reduced, so that the boss passage The area is large. The impeller 27 receives a swirling flow of the front guide blade 15 as described later, and then generates a required lift while leaving a forward swirling flow with the impeller 27 in the wake. The magnitude of the swirling flow by the impeller 27 is a value that provides an appropriate swirling amount so as to minimize the loss in the discharge pipe 35 that is a conical expanding pipe described later.
[0023]
On the other hand, one end of the cover 30 is fixed to the upper part of the rear end face of the guide casing 6 by bolts 31. The cover 30 is a rectangular plate, and reduces the probability of inhaling air when the water level drops. That is, when the high-speed gate pump is operating, the water level near the opening 32 of the guide casing 6, which is the suction port, decreases. This lowering of the water level causes air to be sucked in, causing harmful vibrations and lowering the pump efficiency. This is to cover the vicinity of the water surface and prevent air from flowing into the opening 32. There is also a function for removing dust floating on the water surface so as not to be sucked.
[0024]
A discharge pipe 35 is disposed and fixed in front of the opening 5. The discharge pipe 35 is a tubular conically expanded pipe that expands forward, that is, a tapered pipe. In the present embodiment, the taper angle of the tapered inner hole 36 of the discharge pipe 35 is 18 degrees. When the impeller 27 is designed so that cavitation does not occur and a high specific speed is obtained, the outer diameter of the impeller 27 is usually smaller than the discharge port diameter which is the nominal diameter of the pump.
[0025]
Therefore, the tapered inner hole 36 of the discharge pipe 35 needs to have as little pressure loss as possible. For this reason, a gentle taper of 6 ° to 12 ° is usually desirable, but in the case of this example, an equivalent effect can be obtained with a steep taper of 12 ° to 20 ° due to the effect of an appropriate swirling flow.
[0026]
That is, in the wake flow sent out from the impeller 27, the ratio of the dynamic pressure to the total pressure becomes large. Therefore, in order to improve the efficiency, it is necessary to convert the dynamic pressure to a static pressure as much as possible. The function of the discharge pipe 35 fulfills this conversion function. The discharge pipe 35 can realize good pressure recovery while keeping the length in the axial direction short by the effect of an appropriate swirling flow. At this time, the energy of the swirling flow component is discarded, but the amount is small.
[0027]
An annular flange 37 is integrally formed on the outer periphery of the base end of the discharge pipe 35 by welding. The flange 37 is fixed to the pump fixing plate 3 by the bolt 10 together with the fixing flange 9 of the guide casing 6. An annular flange 38 is integrally formed on the outer periphery of the distal end of the discharge pipe 35 by welding. A flap valve 40 is arranged on the front surface of the flange 38. The flap valve 40 is a one-way valve that opens when the water pumped up from the high-speed gate pump 2 is being discharged, and closes when the high-speed gate pump 2 stops and water flows backward from the downstream side. is there.
[0028]
The upper end of the flap valve 40 is supported by a swing shaft 42 so as to be swingable. A seal member 44 is annularly arranged on the back surface (the discharge pipe 35 side) of the valve body 43 of the flap valve 40. The seal member 44 is made of an elastic member such as rubber, and is interposed between the flange 37 and the valve body 43 to reduce the opening and closing noise of the seal and flap valve 40.
[0029]
FIG. 2 is a developed view showing the relationship between the front guide vanes and the vanes on a rotating circumferential surface. The water flow sucked from the annular opening 32 is swirled in the circumferential direction by the front guide blade 15. The swirled water flow flows into the blades 26 of the impeller 27 rotating at the peripheral speed U at an impeller inlet flow speed C ₁ and an impeller inlet relative speed W ₁ .
[0030]
This is accelerated by the blades 26, and at the outlet, the impeller outlet flow speed C ₂ and the impeller outlet relative speed W ₂ are obtained. FIG. 2 is a velocity diagram showing the relationship between the respective velocities of the impeller entrance and the exit. FIG. 3 is a velocity diagram in which the relationship between the respective velocities at the entrance and exit of the impeller is obtained. However, assuming that the axial flow component of the water flow is the axial flow velocity Cm, the water flow at the inlet of the impeller 27 is given in advance a negative rotation component C _U1 as understood from FIG. 3. (This direction is defined as negative.) This negative rotation component is provided by the front guide blade 15 as described above.
[0031]
Due to this acceleration by the blade 26, the water flow becomes a rotation component _CU2 in which the rotation component at the outlet of the impeller 27 is a plus component. That is, the blade 26 gives the water stream a turning angle of the angle θ. In terms of absolute values, the rotation component _CU1 and the rotation component _CU2 are given by the blade 26 of the impeller 27. The rotation component _CU2 is intended to achieve an appropriate swirling flow by the discharge pipe 35, which is a conical expanding pipe, to realize a good pressure recovery while keeping the axial length short. At this time, the energy of the swirling flow component is discarded, but the amount is small.
[0032]
The theoretical head H of the impeller 27 is represented by the following equation.
[0033]
H = η _H U (C _U2 −C _U1 ) / g (1)
Here, η _H is efficiency.
[0034]
Small bosses side of the circumferential velocity U of the impeller 27, as will be appreciated from equation _(1), (C U2 _{-C U1)} it is necessary to be increased, before _-C by the action of置案the blade 15 _U1 (However, if _CU1 is negative.), The turning angle θ may be small. That is, there is an effect of reducing the twist of the impeller 27. That is, the closer the guide blade 15 is to the center side, that is, the closer to the motor unit mounting portion 20, the greater the torsion and the smaller the outer periphery.
[0035]
[Embodiment 2]
In the first embodiment described above, the impeller 27 is installed so that the central axis is horizontal. However, the high-speed gate pump 2 does not need to be installed horizontally. FIG. 4 shows an example in which the rotation axis 50 of the impeller 27 is fixed and installed at an angle α from the horizontal. This installation method has a small energy loss because the discharge of the high-speed gate pump 2 is directed upward, but has an advantage that the water can be sucked up to a position where the water depth is shallow and the pump can be pumped up.
[0036]
[Embodiment 3]
Embodiments 1 and 2 described above are both examples in which the door 1 is disposed on the upstream side that is the water inflow side. However, it is not always necessary to arrange it upstream. FIG. 5 is an example in which the door body 1 is arranged on the upstream side. On both sides of the door 1, four rollers 51 are arranged. The roller 51 is guided up and down in a guide groove (not shown). However, in the third embodiment, the weight cannot be balanced only by the rollers 51 that guide the door 1. In the high-speed gate pump 2, two box-shaped fixing portions 52 of the door 1 are arranged in a lateral direction, and a roller shaft 55 is fixed to each of them.
[0037]
On the upper part of the door 1, connecting parts 53 are arranged, respectively. The lower ends of the two racks 54 are connected to the connecting portion 53 by pins. This position is roughly the center of gravity of the high-speed gate pump 2. Since the rack 54 is moved up and down by the driving device, the door 1 is eventually driven up and down. Since no bending stress acts on the door 1, there is an advantage that the door 1 can be moved up and down stably.
[0038]
DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The pump of the present invention implemented a pump having the following specifications. In each case, a small and efficient pump with a high specific speed and a low head was realized.
[0039]
[Table 1]

[0040]
(Other Embodiments)
The opening 32 formed between the guide casing 6 and the motor unit 21 was an annular gap having a circular cross section. However, the cross-sectional shape of the opening 32 may have a cross-section such as a horizontally long or vertically long polygon, a flat circle, and an ellipse.
[0041]
【The invention's effect】
By attaching the high-speed gate pump, which is the high-speed and small submersible pump of the present invention, to the gate, a gate pump that is more compact, space-saving, and lower in cost than conventional gate pumps can be manufactured. Furthermore, there is an effect that it is possible to manufacture and install a large-diameter gate pump, which could not be conventionally performed due to restrictions such as an increase in the number of motor poles, cavitation conditions, and insufficient water depth in a water channel.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional side view showing a high-speed gate pump of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a developed view showing a relationship between a front guide blade and a blade, which is developed on a rotating circumferential surface.
FIG. 3 is a velocity diagram showing a relationship between respective speeds of an impeller inlet and an outlet.
FIG. 4 shows Embodiment 2 of the present invention, and is an example in which a high-speed gate pump is tilted at an angle α and disposed on a door body.
FIG. 5 shows the third embodiment of the present invention, and is an example in which a high-speed gate pump is arranged on an upstream river of a door body.
FIG. 6 is an example in which two high-speed gate pumps according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention are arranged on a door body. FIG. 6 (a) is a front view, and FIG. 6 (b) is a side view. is there.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Door 2 ... High-speed gate pump 6 ... Guide casing 7 ... Annular part 9 ... Fixed flange 15 ... Front guide blade 21 ... Motor unit 26 ... Blade 27 ... Impeller 30 ... Cover

Claims (6)

A motor unit for rotating and driving;
A high-speed gate pump comprising: a guide casing disposed concentrically with the drive axis of the motor unit on the outer periphery of the motor unit, and an annular gap formed between the motor unit and the motor casing;
An annular gap having a peripheral surface substantially parallel to the drive axis, wherein the motor unit is disposed on a side where water to be pumped flows in;
A tapered hole continuous with the annular gap,
In the tapered hole, a front guide vane arranged to give a swirling flow to the water to be sucked,
An impeller that is connected to the motor unit and gives water sent from the front guide blade to turn in a direction opposite to that of the front guide blade;
A high-speed gate pump, comprising: a discharge pipe having a tapered inner hole formed therein for guiding water pumped up by the impeller. The high-speed gate pump according to claim 1,
A high-speed gate pump, wherein a center axis of the impeller forms an angle with a horizontal line, and the motor unit is disposed below the impeller. The high-speed gate pump according to claim 1 or 2,
A high-speed gate pump, comprising: a flap valve that is swingably disposed on a distal end surface of the discharge pipe and that opens the discharge pipe only when discharging from the impeller. The high-speed gate pump according to claim 1, which is selected from claims 1 to 3,
A high-speed gate pump, comprising: a cover fixed at one end to an upper portion on the opening side of the guide casing and forming an angle with a horizontal direction, and disposed so that the discharge pipe side is higher. The high-speed gate pump according to claim 1, which is selected from claims 1 to 4,
A high-speed gate pump, wherein the motor unit is driven up and down by an up-down driving member connected at a substantially center of gravity of the motor unit. The high-speed gate pump according to claim 5,
The high-speed gate pump is arranged on the door on the side where the high-speed gate pump discharges.

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