JP3575743B2 - Tool head of machine tool - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a tool head of a machine tool provided with a tool spindle on which a rotary tool such as a turning tool and a mill tool is interchangeably mounted.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A tool head equipped with a tool spindle for interchangeably mounting a turning tool and a rotary tool is arranged opposite a work head equipped with a work spindle for gripping a workpiece, and a workpiece with a complicated shape is machined by one chucking. A machine tool having the capability is disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-76640.
[0003]
A tool shank hole for grasping a tool shank of a tool spindle of this kind is used to clean the tool shank hole and the tool shank by performing an air blow at the time of tool replacement, thereby improving the precision of the tool clamp.
The tool spindle is rotatably supported within the housing of the tool head and is driven directly by a motor. Further, when a turning tool is mounted, it is necessary to clamp the tool spindle to counter the turning resistance, and it is necessary to provide a mechanism for this clamping.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Since the tool head of the machine tool has the various functions described above, it has a complicated structure, and having an air blow structure of the tool shank portion poses a space problem.
A cutting fluid supply circuit called a through coolant is provided on the axis of the tool spindle. Therefore, conventionally, a means such as performing air blow cleaning of the tool shank portion using the through coolant circuit or performing air blow from the front surface of the tool spindle has been adopted.
The present invention provides a tool head having a dedicated circuit for air blowing of a tool shank in a tool spindle.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The machine tool according to the present invention is provided with a work head having a work spindle that grips and rotates or stands still, and is arranged opposite to the work head, and is stationary or rotated with a turning tool or a rotation tool interchangeably mounted. Equipped with a tool spindle. The tool head includes a tool spindle rotatably or statically supported in a housing of the tool head, a draw bar slidably inserted into an axis of the tool spindle, and a tool shank having an outer diameter portion of the tool spindle. A clamp member facing the hole, into which the draw bar is slidably inserted into the inner diameter portion, an air blow circuit formed on the draw bar parallel to the axis, and air from the draw bar air blow circuit formed on the clamp member. It is provided with a plurality of inclined holes for jetting toward the tool shank holes of the tool spindle.
[0006]
In addition, a pipe inserted into the axis of the drawbar is provided.The air blow circuit is formed between the outer diameter of the pipe and the inner diameter of the drawbar, and the inner diameter of the pipe supplies cutting fluid to the cutting section. To form a through coolant circuit.
When the draw bar moves to the tool unclamping position, the air blow circuit in the draw bar communicates with the inclined hole of the clamp member.
[0007]
Further, the tool spindle includes a face plate having an air blow circuit provided on the front surface of the tool head, and the tool spindle includes a plurality of inclined holes that inject air at a tip end of the tool shank hole, facing the air blow circuit of the face plate.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing the overall configuration of a machine tool embodying the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a main part.
The machine tool 1, which is a combined machining lathe, has a frame 10, and a headstock 20 is mounted on the frame 10 in the slide door 12. The headstock (work head) 20 has a work spindle (work spindle) 22 and holds the work W1 rotatably.
[0009]
The work spindle 22 rotates about the rotation axis C1 in the direction of arrow R1, and can be stopped and indexed during milling or the like. A Z axis as a control axis is set in parallel with the rotation axis C1.
A tail stock 30 is disposed to face the work spindle 22, and supports a long work W1 and the like together with the work spindle 22.
[0010]
A first linear motion guide device 14 is provided on the frame 10 in parallel with the Z axis, and the tool post base 40 is controlled to move in the Z axis direction.
The tool rest 50 is equipped with a tool head 100. The movement of the tool head 100 is controlled in a Y-axis direction orthogonal to a plane including the Z-axis and the X-axis, and is also indexed and controlled around an axis C2 parallel to the Y-axis. This rotation axis is called a B axis.
[0011]
The tool head 100 has a tool spindle 110. The tool spindle 110 has a function of holding and fixing the turning tool, and is driven to rotate about the axis C3 in the direction of arrow R3.
The machine tool 1 includes a tool magazine 60 and an automatic tool changer (ATC) 70, and mounts various tools T1 on a tool spindle 110.
As a tool to be mounted on the tool spindle 110, in addition to various turning tools, rotary tools such as a drill, a tap, a face mill, and an end mill are prepared.
[0012]
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of a main part of the tool head 100 of the present invention. An upper half of the center line shows a state in which the tool is unclamped to execute ATC, and a lower half of the center line Indicates a state in which the tool is clamped.
The tool head, generally designated by the reference numeral 100, has a drive motor stator 132 inside the housing 102, and the motor rotor 130 is directly attached to the outer periphery of the tool spindle 110. The tool spindle 110 is rotatably supported on the housing 102 by bearings 120 and 122.
[0013]
The tool spindle 110 has a tool shank hole 112 at the tip, and the tool T1 is mounted in a replaceable manner.
The tool spindle 110 has a hollow pipe shape, and a drawbar 150 is slidably inserted into the hollow center. A disc spring 160 is provided between the outer peripheral portion of the draw bar 150 and the inner peripheral portion of the tool spindle 110, and constantly biases the draw bar 150 toward the rear end of the tool spindle 110.
[0014]
The tool head includes a hydraulic mechanism that pushes the draw bar 150 toward the tip of the tool spindle 110 against the spring force of the disc spring 160.
A concave portion 158 is formed at the tip of the draw bar 150, and the ball 170 is inserted therein. The ball 170 cooperates with the hole Th of the tool T1 to perform clamping and unclamping of the tool T1 in a known manner.
[0015]
A pipe 190 is inserted into the center axis of the drawbar 150. Coolant is supplied to the hollow hole 192 of the pipe 190 from the rear part of the draw bar 150 and sent to the cutting part via the tool T1.
An air blow circuit 152 is formed between an outer peripheral portion of the pipe 190 and an inner peripheral portion of the draw bar 150, and air is supplied through a passage 154 formed at a rear portion of the draw bar 150.
[0016]
A clamp member 180 is provided at the inner diameter of the tool shank hole 112 of the tool spindle 110. The clamp member 180 has a radial hole 184 for holding the ball 170, and a drawbar 150 is slidably inserted into the inner diameter of the hole 184.
A passage 152 formed between the draw bar 150 and the pipe 190 is sealed in the vicinity of a portion where the draw bar 150 is inserted into the clamp member 180, and the draw bar 150 is provided with a radial hole 156.
[0017]
On the other hand, a ring-shaped inner diameter groove 181 is formed in the clamp member 180, and the inner diameter groove 181 communicates with the inner end surface of the tool shank hole 112 of the tool spindle 110 through a plurality of through holes 182.
[0018]
The radial hole 156 provided in the draw bar 150 is located at a tool unclamped position where the draw bar 150 is pushed out by a hydraulic mechanism, and faces the ring-shaped inner groove 181 of the clamp member 180.
In the tool unclamping state, the tool is pulled out from the tool shank hole 112 of the tool spindle 110 for replacement. Therefore, when the tool is extracted or inserted, air is supplied from a passage 154 provided in the draw bar 150, and air is blown out from the inclined hole 182 of the clamp member 180, so that the tool shank is formed. The inside of the hole 112 is cleaned.
[0019]
A face plate 200 is attached to the front surface of the housing 102 of the tool head 100. The face plate 200 has a passage 210 for air blow. The air passage 210 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the tool spindle 110 and communicates with the groove 114 and the plurality of inclined holes 116. The inclined hole 116 is opened near the entrance of the tool shank hole 112 of the tool spindle 110, and cleans the entrance of the tool shank hole 112 of the tool spindle 110 with jetting air.
[0020]
When the exchange of the tool is completed and the draw bar 150 is retracted by the spring force of the disc spring 160, the space between the radial hole 156 of the draw bar 150 and the inner diameter groove 181 of the clamp member 180 is shut off, and the air flows to the clamp member 180 side. Supply is cut off.
[0021]
In the above-described embodiment, the tool head of the machine tool has been described. For example, the machine tool is performed using a combined machining lathe, a machining center, or the like.
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
Since the tool head of the machine tool according to the present invention is configured as described above, an air blow circuit that supplies air jetted toward the tool shank can be rationally provided. Therefore, the foreign matter between the tool shank hole of the tool spindle and the shank of the tool is reliably removed, so that the accuracy of the tool clamp is improved and the processing accuracy is improved.
[0023]
In addition, the air injected from the tip of the tool spindle forms an air curtain that seals the tool shank hole when the tool is replaced, and has an effect of preventing foreign matter from entering the tool shank hole.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a machine tool.
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a main part of the machine tool.
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a main part of the tool head.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Machine Tool 10 Frame 20 Work Head 22 Work Spindle 50 Tool Post 60 Tool Magazine 70 ATC
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 100 Tool head 102 Housing 110 Tool spindle 112 Tool shank hole 120, 122 Bearing 130 Rotor 132 Stator 150 Drawbar 152 Air blow circuit 160 Disc spring 180 Clamp member 182 Through hole 200 Face plate 210 Air blow circuit

Claims (2)

A work head having a work spindle that grips a work and rotates or stands still, and a tool head that is disposed to face the work head and has a tool spindle that stands still or rotates with a turning tool or a rotation tool exchangeably mounted. A tool head of a machine tool having
A tool spindle rotatably or statically supported within the housing of the tool head, a drawbar slidably inserted into the axis of the tool spindle, and an outer diameter portion facing the tool shank hole of the tool spindle, A clamp member into which a draw bar is slidably inserted, a circuit for air blowing formed parallel to the axis of the draw bar , and a tool shank hole of a tool spindle formed on the clamp member and for allowing air from the air blow circuit of the draw bar to be formed. The air blow circuit is formed between the outer diameter of the pipe inserted into the axis of the drawbar and the inner diameter of the drawbar, and the inner diameter of the pipe is A through coolant circuit is formed to supply cutting fluid to the cutting section, and the drawbar moves to the tool unclamping position. When the machine tool the tool head inclined holes of air blowing circuit and the clamping member in the drawbar are communicated. 2. The machine according to claim 1, further comprising a face plate having an air blow circuit provided on a front surface of the tool head, wherein the tool spindle includes a plurality of inclined holes which communicate with the air blow circuit of the face plate and inject air at a tip end of the tool shank hole. Machine tool head.

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