JP3573914B2 - Counterfeit prevention sheets and cards - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to counterfeit prevention sheets and counterfeit prevention credit cards and other cards, and more specifically, a substance containing ¹³ C in at least a part of sheets such as securities and cards such as credit cards. The present invention relates to a forgery-preventing sheet or card comprising the above-mentioned layer or a layer in which the substance is microencapsulated. The present invention also relates to a method for determining the authenticity of these sheets and cards.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various kinds of sheets such as banknotes, securities, treasure lottery tickets, betting tickets, bicycle race tickets and the like have been widely used. In recent years, various types of cards have become widespread, and the number of cards issued has dramatically increased. In terms of applications, cash cards issued by banks and the like, credit cards used in the distribution field, and traffic such as railways and buses There are a wide variety of boarding cards or tickets used in institutions, such as pachinko cards, and in terms of their mechanical and functional aspects, there are various types such as optical cards, magnetic cards, and IC cards.
[0003]
The number of such sheets and cards is expected to increase further in the future, but crimes such as counterfeiting and alteration thereof are also rapidly increasing, and countermeasures are strongly required. In the case of sheets such as banknotes and securities, measures such as (1) a function that can determine the authenticity of those sheets within the range normally used by ordinary users, and (2) a simple appliance for ordinary users For example, a function that can relatively easily determine the authenticity by using a loupe or an ultraviolet irradiation device, (3) a true / false judgment function on the assumption of completely mechanical processing, (4) an undisclosed truth that can be recognized only by the issuing and manufacturing authorities. It is important to provide a false judgment function.Specific examples include various methods such as inserting a transparent form of a specific symbol or figure, printing with special luminescent ink, and printing macro characters. ing.
[0004]
In the case of cards, for example, the following methods (a) and (b) have been developed. (A) A hologram layer is formed on a card, or a special material such as a fluorescent substance or a liquid crystal substance is applied and fixed on the card, thereby forming an optical pattern that is difficult to forge and determining authenticity. For example, in JP-A-63-51193, a card made of a cholesteric liquid crystal polymer and having a film having a fixed cholesteric liquid crystal structure on at least a part of its surface is used. Discrimination is made using the properties of color change due to reflectivity and viewing angle change.
[0005]
(B) Encrypted information is provided on magnetic particles or ribbon-shaped magnetic material applied or fused on a card, a forgery prevention function is given to the card itself, and authenticity is verified by an authentication algorithm such as a distribution state of an output signal. judge. For example, in JP-A-63-39961, a plastic film containing 0.001 to 10% by weight of magnetic particles having an average particle size of 0.05 to 10 μm is used. Each card is identified by reading the magnetization state using a magnetic reproducing device.
[0006]
However, in the method as in (a) above, irreversible information is visually recognized and determined. Therefore, when this action is automatically performed, it becomes expensive to determine a pattern and the like, and In the method as in (b), since the magnetic recording can be easily erased and can be easily written, the information on the card changes reversibly. Reproduction and the like become possible. In particular, the authentication algorithm is sometimes deciphered, and it is said that there are many unauthorized uses in telephone cards and the like to which the authentication algorithm is applied.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The inventor of the present invention has conducted various studies and studies in order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and found that the present invention utilizes the scarcity and availability of a specific substance. This is what led to the creation. That is, carbon in natural carbon or in compounds containing carbon includes ¹² C and ¹³ C, of which only ¹³ C is contained in only about 1.1% of the total carbon.
[0008]
In the present invention, the use of carbon itself containing the rare element ¹³ C in a larger amount than that of the natural substance or a compound containing the ¹³ C in a larger amount than the natural substance makes it possible to provide securities with excellent anti-counterfeiting properties. It is an object of the present invention to provide sheets and cards, and an authenticity judgment method for the sheets and cards.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, the present invention provides (1) sheets and cards for preventing forgery, characterized in that at least a part of the sheets or cards holds a layer of a substance containing a larger amount of ¹³ C than natural ones. Further, the present invention provides (2) forgery, characterized in that at least a part of a sheet or a card has a layer in which a substance containing ¹³ C in a larger amount than a natural substance is microencapsulated. It is intended to provide sheets and cards for prevention.
[0010]
Furthermore, the present invention is (3) sheets or mass spectrometry the amount of ^{13 C} in the layer of material containing a large amount of ^{13 C} than that of the native formed on at least a portion of the cards, nuclear magnetic resonance or The present invention provides a forgery prevention sheet and a card authenticity judgment method characterized by judging the authenticity of a sheet or card by measuring by an infrared absorption method, and (4) the sheet or card. Measuring the amount of ¹³ C in a layer microencapsulated with a substance containing a larger amount of ¹³ C than the natural one formed on at least a part of cards by mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, or infrared absorption The present invention provides an anti-counterfeit sheet and a card authenticity determination method, wherein the authenticity of a sheet or a card is determined by the method.
[0011]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
In the present invention, bills, bonds, stocks, securities, passports (passports), and other sheets [in the present specification, these bills, bonds, stocks, securities, passports, etc. Seats, etc.), credit cards, telephone cards, tickets or boarding cards used in transportation such as railroads and buses, driver's licenses, pachinko cards, etc. Cards incorporating various other functions and mechanisms (in this specification, such credit cards, telephone cards, tickets or boarding cards, licenses such as car driving licenses, pachinko cards and other cards are collectively referred to as appropriate. Credit cards, etc. "," cards, etc. ").
[0012]
As the material of the sheets, hard paper and various other papers are usually used, but plastic is also used in some of them. There is no particular limitation on the material of the cards themselves, such as acrylic resin, polyester resin, polyolefin (including polyvinyl chloride) resin, polyamide resin, polyurethane resin, polycarbonate resin, and other synthetic resins, as well as aluminum, Various materials such as metals such as aluminum alloys and papers are used, and the present invention is directed to such sheets and cards and applied to them.
[0013]
In the present invention, micro-substances including a large amount of ^{13 C} at least a portion of the sheets and credit card cards such as the than that of the natural than that of a layer or natural substances containing a large amount of ^{13 C} thereof securities Retain the encapsulated layer. As the substance containing ¹³ C in a larger amount than the natural substance, any of inorganic substances and organic substances is used.
[0014]
As examples thereof (1) carbon such as carbon black containing a large amount of ¹³ C than that of the native, (2) _CO containing a large amount of ¹³ C than that of natural, CO 2, SiC, etc. of the inorganic material, (3 And organic substances such as hydrocarbons such as CH ₄ containing ¹³ C in a larger amount than natural ones, fatty acids, alcohols, amides such as urea, amino acids, cyclic compounds of glucose and aromatic compounds.
[0015]
These materials are obtained, for example, by purification or synthesis from methane or other starting materials containing ¹³ C in the usual proportions. As for carbon in natural carbon and compounds containing carbon, ¹³ C is present at a ratio of about 1.1%, but in the present invention, the ¹³ C concentration in carbon itself and in compounds is 1.1%. Apply higher than%. In this case, whether the concentration of ¹³ C is much higher than that of the natural one (1.1%) is set mainly from the viewpoint of measurement accuracy and detection accuracy, which will be described later. Is preferably higher.
[0016]
In the present invention, to hold the layers microencapsulated materials containing a large amount of ^{13 C} than that of a layer or natural substances, including amounts of ^{13 C} than the naturally least a portion of the sheets or cards, The following is an example of the manner in which sheets and cards are held. Hereinafter, referred finger and the appropriate layers microencapsulated materials containing a large amount of ^{13 C} than that of the layers and natural substances ^{"13 C-labeled} material layer" containing a large amount of ^{13 C} than that of the native and sheets The substance in these layers held in or on a card or on a surface is referred to as " ^13C- labeled substance" as appropriate.
[0017]
(1) A ¹³ C-labeled substance is applied to the front or back surface of sheets or cards (this embodiment is a case where the ¹³ C-labeled substance itself can serve as a binder). (2) An organic or inorganic ( ¹³ C-labeled substance) (3) A ^13C- labeled substance is used as a printing liquid to form a mixture with a binder such as water glass) on a surface or the back of a sheet or card. (4) A ¹³ C-labeled substance is attached to the front or back surface of sheets or cards by ion implantation.
[0018]
In the above embodiments (1) to (4), a shallow concave portion may be provided in advance in a part of sheets or cards, and the present invention may be applied to this concave portion. In the present invention, the ¹³ C-labeled substance may be held inside sheets or cards. In this case, a recess or a space for filling the sheet or the card is partially provided in advance, and the recess or the space is filled with the ¹³ C-labeled substance. In this case, if necessary, after filling, the surface is sealed with, for example, a plastic thin film.
[0019]
The microcapsules are microparticles obtained by encapsulating a fine substance as a core substance with a thin film such as a polymer, and the microcapsules in the present invention correspond to a substance in which the core substance contains a larger amount of ¹³ C than a natural substance. As described above, the ¹³ C-labeled substance used in the present invention is a gas, a liquid, or a solid at room temperature, but any of them can be used by encapsulation. In particular, when the ¹³ C-labeled substance is a gaseous or liquid substance at room temperature, it is encapsulated by encapsulating them in a thin film. Will be retained.
[0020]
Microcapsule production methods can be roughly classified into (1) interfacial deposition methods such as phase separation method (coacervation method), submerged drying method and air suspension coating method, and (2) interfacial polymerization method, in There are interfacial reaction methods such as a situ polymerization method and a cured-in-liquid coating method (orifice method), and the microcapsules used in the present invention are produced by any of these methods. Here, one or two examples of specific production modes of the encapsulation are as follows.
[0021]
(1) separating gelatin, casein, methylcellulose, were mixed C ¹³ labeled substance or a solution thereof to a colloidal solution of a natural or synthetic polymeric material such as polystyrene, an encapsulated coacervates utilizing coacervation. (2) form a water-in-oil emulsion containing a C ¹³ labeled substance, separated by encapsulating covering the fine emulsion particles to form a polymer thin film by interfacial polycondensation at the interface between the fine emulsion particles and the medium solution And the like.
[0022]
FIGS. 1A to 1C show an embodiment in which a ¹³ C-labeled substance layer is carried on the front or back surface of a card. 1A to 1C, reference numeral 1 denotes a card, 2 denotes a stripe of a magnetic substance or a liquid crystal substance, and 3 denotes an area on which a ¹³ C-labeled substance layer is formed. Although this region 3 is formed in a square shape at the lower left position of the card surface in FIG. 1A, it can be located at an appropriate position such as a center portion or a right portion.
[0023]
The shape may be an appropriate shape such as a square shape as shown in FIG. 1A, a circular shape, a triangular shape, a polygonal shape of a pentagon or more, or a stripe shape. FIG. 1B shows an example of a circular shape, and FIG. 1C shows an example of a stripe shape. Instead of forming the layer on the front or back surface of the card, the layer may be embedded between the front and back surfaces of the card. Of course, these points are also the same in the case of sheets.
[0024]
Next, the authenticity of the sheets or cards can be determined by various measuring methods such as infrared spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and nuclear magnetic resonance. The measurement method of the present invention is not limited to those things illustration, does not contain any ^{13 C,} as distinguished from the case ^{where 13 C} is contained in a proportion of natural, amounts of ^{13 C} than that of the native Any measurement method can be used as long as the ¹³ C content can be measured.
[0025]
Since the sheets or cards configured as described above have a ¹³ C-labeled substance layer having a larger amount of ¹³ C than natural ones, the presence thereof is measured by measuring the amount of ¹³ C in the layer. Then, it is determined that the original sheet or card according to the present invention is genuine. On the other hand, sheets having no layer according to the present invention (including a case where the provided layer is not formed of a material containing carbon) or sheets having a layer in which ¹³ C is contained at a natural ratio or In the case of cards, since the ¹³ C amount is not measured or substantially not detected by the above measurement (that is, only the natural proportion of ¹³ C is measured and detected), genuine sheets or cards are not detected. Is not determined.
[0026]
FIGS. 2 to 4 illustrate a case where the authenticity of a card configured as shown in FIGS. 1A to 1C is determined, for example, by infrared spectroscopy. 2 shows a transmission-type measurement method, FIG. 3 shows a reflection-type measurement method, and FIG. 4 shows a scattering-type measurement method. 2 to FIG. 4, parts common to FIGS. 1A to 1C and parts common to each other in FIG. 2 to FIG.
[0027]
2 (a) is mode to measure the ^{13 C-labeled} material layer formed on the surface or back of the card the card, internal FIG. 2 (b) ^{13 C-labeled} material layer of the card, i.e. formed between the front and rear surfaces This is a mode for measuring the performed card. In FIG. 2A, the infrared light from the infrared lamp 4 passes through the card, but is absorbed by the ¹³ C-labeled substance layer 3. At this time, the ¹³ C-labeled substance layer 3 itself is applied after being mixed with an infrared-permeable substance, for example, a powder of KBr crystal. In the case of the transmission type, since infrared rays need to be transmitted to the card itself, at least a portion of the card where the ¹³ C-labeled substance layer is formed is made of an infrared-permeable material such as an acrylic resin. .
[0028]
In this case, since the absorption wavelength by ¹³ C is shifted from the absorption wavelength by ¹² C, the quantitative ratio of ¹³ C is measured by the detector 5 by measuring the absorption intensity at each absorption wavelength. That is, since the ¹³ C content of the ¹³ C-labeled substance layer 3 is larger than the ¹³ C content (1.1%) in natural carbon, the absorption intensity in the absorption wavelength range of ¹³ C becomes large, This determines that the card is authentic. Of course, these points are also the same in the case of sheets.
[0029]
Embodiment shown in FIG. 2 (a) is the case of forming the ^{13 C} labeled substance layer 3 on the surface or back of the card is the same for the case of forming the ^{13 C} labeled substance layer 3 to the inside of the card. FIG. 2 (b) shows an embodiment in which the authenticity of a card having a ^13C labeling substance layer 3 formed inside the card, that is, between the front and back surfaces, is determined. The principle and operation method are the same as those in FIG. 2 (a). It is.
[0030]
Infrared rays from the infrared lamp 4 are applied to the ¹³ C-labeled substance layer 3. As described above, since the absorption wavelength by ¹³ C is shifted from the absorption wavelength by ¹² C, the absorption intensity at each absorption wavelength is measured. In this embodiment, the quantitative proportion of ¹³ C is measured by the detector 5. In this case, the material of the card itself has nothing to do with the presence or absence of infrared light transmission, and there is no limitation on the material in this respect, so that the material can be selected and used according to the purpose of the card itself.
[0031]
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a reflection type measuring method. This measurement method is applied to an opaque sample, and a medium having a high refractive index of an ATR crystal (Attenuated Total Reflection Crystal) such as glass or quartz is closely attached to a smooth surface, and the difference in the refractive index is used. The infrared light is totally reflected at the surface. In FIG. 3, reference numeral 6 denotes an ATR crystal, and infrared light from the infrared lamp 4 is reflected by the ATR crystal 6.
[0032]
In this case, since the absorption wavelength of ¹³ C is shifted from the absorption wavelength of ¹² C as described above, the quantitative ratio of ¹³ C is measured by the detector 5 by measuring the absorption intensity at each absorption wavelength. In this method, as the surface becomes smoother and the adhesion to the ATR crystal becomes better, the sensitivity becomes higher and the measurement accuracy becomes higher, so that the determination can be made with high accuracy.
[0033]
FIG. 4 shows a scattering type measuring method. This method is applied when measuring infrared absorption of non-smooth and rough surfaces. On a rough surface, the infrared light is reflected in random directions, but this scattered light (not strictly scattered light, but referred to here as scattered light) is condensed by a hemispherical mirror 7 and condensed by this. Infrared light is measured by the detector 5. For sheets and cards, often those that are used repeatedly, reflected light from the applied ^{13 C-labeled} material layer 3 on the surface thereof is likely to become scattered light, ^{13 C-labeled} in this way is such surfaces Applied to material layer 3.
[0034]
The above is an embodiment in which the ¹³ C-labeled substance layer is directly measured by the infrared absorption method. However, by applying heat to the ¹³ C-labeled substance layer with a micro heater or the like, the ¹³ C labeled substance is volatilized or burned. It can also be measured by using ¹³ CO ₂ gas. In this case, the authenticity of the card is determined by detecting the volatile ¹³ C-labeled substance or the generated gas containing ¹³ CO ₂ by an infrared absorption method and measuring the quantitative ratio of ¹³ C. Although the infrared absorption method has been described above as an example, the determination can be made in the same manner by using the respective characteristics by mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, or the like.
[0035]
【Example】
Hereinafter, examples of the present invention will be described, but it goes without saying that the present invention is not limited to the examples. In this example, a card as shown in FIG. 1B was manufactured, and the authenticity of the card was tested.
[0036]
The methane obtained from natural gas as a raw material is rectified to produce methane in which ¹³ CH _{4 in} all methane is 50%, and the carbon in potassium cyanide (KCN) is adjusted to contain 50% of ¹³ C using this as a raw material. Potassium platinum cyanide powder was prepared and mixed with KBr crystal powder (mixing weight ratio = 1: 1). Further, a card ((0.8 mm thick, 5.5 cm wide, 8.5 cm long)) made of hard paper as shown in FIG. 1B is prepared, and a circular hole as indicated by reference numeral 3 in FIG. (Diameter = approximately 1.2 cm), and a thin film made of an acrylic resin was stuck on the back surface to close one surface of the hole, thereby forming a hole-like concave portion. The mixed powder was filled, and a thin film made of an acrylic resin was stuck thereon, and this was used as an example card.
[0037]
On the other hand, a commercially available potassium platinum cyanide powder is prepared, and in the same manner as described above, a hollow concave portion as indicated by reference numeral 3 in FIG. 1 (b) is filled with potassium cyanide platinum powder containing ¹³ C in a natural ratio. This card was used as a comparative example card. The example card and the comparative example card produced as described above were arranged as indicated by reference numeral 3 in FIG. 2B, respectively, and measured by transmission infrared spectroscopy. As a result, a clear absorption intensity based on ¹³ C was measured in the example card, but only an absorption intensity mainly based on ¹² C was measured in the comparative example card, and absorption based on ¹³ C was substantially not recognized.
[0038]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the sheets and cards of the present invention, which use a substance containing ¹³ C, which is a rare value and is usually hard to obtain, it is difficult to forge itself. Has excellent anti-counterfeiting properties. Further, since ¹³ C has a property different from that of ¹² C, its amount can be measured by an infrared absorption method, a mass spectrometry method, a nuclear magnetic resonance method, or the like, so that its authenticity can be easily determined.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of a forgery prevention card according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a transmission-type measuring method among infrared spectroscopy applicable to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a reflection type measuring method among infrared spectroscopy applicable to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a scattering-type measuring method among infrared spectroscopy applicable to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Card 2 Stripe 3 of magnetic substance or liquid crystal substance 3 ¹³ C-labeled substance layer 4 Infrared lamp 5 Detector 6 ATR crystal 7 Mirror

Claims (8)

The surface of the sheets or cards, and characterized by being obtained by forming a layer containing a containing substances with a large amount of ^{13 C} than the naturally least part as anti-counterfeit of between rear surface or the front and back surfaces, Forgery prevention sheets and cards. Forming a layer microencapsulated comprising as a core substance containing a substance quantity of ^{13 C} than the naturally least part as anti-counterfeit of between the surfaces of the sheets or cards, the back surface or the front and back surfaces, anti-counterfeit sheets and cards, and characterized by being. More than the above natural ones ^Thirteen C-containing substances are (1) larger in quantity than natural ones ^Thirteen Carbon containing C, (2) more than natural ^Thirteen Inorganic substances containing C, (3) more than natural substances ^Thirteen The anti-counterfeit sheet and card according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the organic substance is a cyclic compound of a hydrocarbon containing C, a fatty acid, an alcohol, an amide, an amino acid, glucose or an aromatic compound. . Layers microencapsulated is a circular, polygonal or ribbon comprising a containing substances with a large amount of ^{13 C} than the amounts of ^{13 C} a layer or natural containing a substance having free than those of the native as a core material 3. Forgery prevention sheets and cards according to claim 1 or 2 . Layers were microencapsulated and stripes, such as magnetic or a liquid crystal material comprising containing substances with a large amount of ^{13 C} than the amounts of ^{13 C} a layer or natural containing a substance having free than those of the native as a core material 3. The forgery-preventing sheets and cards according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein each is a separately formed layer. Layers microencapsulated including by a material containing a large amount of ^{13 C} than that of the layer or natural containing material containing a large amount of ¹³ C than that of the native in the anti-counterfeit sheets or cards such as a core substance infrared absorption method, for preventing sheets and cards, counterfeit according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is a layer that is detected by mass spectrometry or nuclear magnetic resonance. The amount of ^{13 C} in the layer containing containing substances with a large amount of ^{13 C} than that of the native formed as anti-counterfeit at least a portion of the inter surface of the sheets or cards, the back surface or the front and back surfaces, Is measured by mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance, or infrared absorption to determine the authenticity of sheets or cards. The surface of the sheets or cards, and microencapsulated including backside or surface and containing a substance quantity of ^{13 C} than at least a portion of natural formed as anti-counterfeit of between rear surface as a core material Determining the authenticity of sheets or cards by measuring the amount of ¹³ C in the layer by mass spectrometry, nuclear magnetic resonance or infrared absorption; authenticating sheets and cards for forgery prevention; Judgment method.

Images