JP3549166B2 - Ventilation control device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention detects a human body with a pyroelectric infrared sensor, and optimizes a ventilation amount based on an activity amount level determined based on the frequency of movement of the human body and an indoor gas concentration estimated based on the activity amount level. The present invention relates to a control device for a ventilator that can be controlled in a controlled manner.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a conventional ventilator using a pyroelectric infrared sensor, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 4-218294, a pyroelectric device capable of detecting the presence of each room including a pseudo stationary state of a person is disclosed. A ventilating fan is driven when a person enters the detection area by the detection signal of the pyroelectric infrared sensor, and continues to be driven as long as the person is in the detection area. There is known a method in which the operation is first stopped at the time when the operation is performed.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The above-described conventional ventilating device using a pyroelectric infrared sensor controls a ventilation fan according to the presence or absence of a person in a room. In order to operate the ventilation system regardless of whether the air is discharged, sufficient ventilation can be obtained when the amount of carbon dioxide and the like emitted from the human body increases, such as when living a fairly active life. There was a problem that it could not be done.
[0004]
In addition, ventilation changes the room temperature by performing ventilation to drive the ventilation load regardless of whether the indoor temperature has reached a stable state or the ventilation load due to the temperature difference between the indoor temperature and the outdoor temperature. There is a problem that it may be uncomfortable for a certain human body.
[0005]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to improve the comfort of a room by maintaining an appropriate gas concentration in the room.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a human body detecting means comprising a pyroelectric infrared sensor for detecting the movement of a human body in a room and outputting a human body detection pulse signal, and a first timer means for measuring a different predetermined time. When a second timer means, the human body detection pulse signal by integrating predetermined time by the first timer means the number of, and determining the amount of activity determination means of a human body activity amount in accordance with the number of the integrated pulses, the activity Indoor gas concentration estimating means for estimating the indoor gas concentration based on the activity level signal output from the quantity determining means and the duration of the activity level signal by the second timer means; An indoor gas concentration setting means for setting, and a difference between an indoor gas concentration signal output from the indoor gas concentration estimating means and the indoor gas concentration setting means and a set indoor gas concentration. Those having a third ventilation control means for controlling ventilation according.
[0009]
Also, the present invention provides a human body detecting means comprising a pyroelectric infrared sensor for detecting a motion of a human body in a room and outputting a human body detection pulse signal, a first timer means for measuring a predetermined time, and the human body detection pulse. An activity amount determining unit that integrates the number of signals by the first timer unit for a predetermined time and determines an activity amount of a human body according to the integrated pulse number; an indoor temperature detecting unit; an indoor temperature setting unit; A transient stability determining means for determining whether or not the room is in a stable state based on a difference between the room temperature output from the detecting means and the indoor temperature setting means and the set room temperature, and an output from the transient stability determining means and the activity amount determining means; And a fourth ventilation control means for controlling the ventilation according to both the transient stability signal and the activity level signal.
[0010]
Further, the present invention is provided with a comfort level detecting means for detecting the indoor comfort level in place of the indoor temperature detecting means, and a comfort level setting means for setting the comfort level in place of the indoor temperature setting means.
[0011]
[Action]
The operation of the present invention in the above configuration is as follows.
[0012]
The human body detection pulse signal output according to the movement of the human body in the room is integrated by the human body detection means composed of a pyroelectric infrared sensor for a predetermined time, and the activity amount of the human body is determined by the activity amount determination means in accordance with the number of pulses. Then, as the amount of activity increases, the amount of ventilation is increased by the ventilation control means so that the amount of indoor carbon dioxide and the like does not increase.
[0013]
In addition, the indoor gas concentration estimating means estimates the indoor gas concentration such as carbon dioxide, based on the duration of the activity amount level determined by the activity amount determining means, and controls the ventilation amount by comparing with the set indoor gas concentration. By doing so, the indoor gas concentration can be reduced to a predetermined value or less.
[0014]
Further, in addition to the ventilation amount control according to the activity amount level, the temperature difference between the indoor temperature and the outdoor temperature is detected, and when the inside / outside temperature difference is large, the natural ventilation increases and the ventilation load increases. Taking this into consideration, the ventilation amount can be reduced as compared with the normal case, and the ventilation control can be performed without causing discomfort to the human body in the room.
[0015]
Further, even in a transitional room state in which the room temperature has not reached the set temperature, the ventilation is reduced as compared with a normal case so as not to cause discomfort to the human body, and the comfort is improved.
[0016]
( Reference example )
Hereinafter, a reference example of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0017]
FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a control device for a ventilation device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a human body detecting means which comprises a pyroelectric infrared sensor and detects a motion of a human body in a room and outputs a human body detection pulse signal 1A; 4 denotes a first timer means for measuring a predetermined time; The human body detection pulse signal 1A from the human body detection means 1 is received, the number of the human body detection pulse signals 1A is integrated for a predetermined time by the first timer means 4, the activity amount of the human body is determined according to the integrated pulse number, and the activity level is determined. The activity amount determining means 3 for outputting the signal 2A is a first ventilation amount controlling means for receiving the activity amount level signal 2A from the activity amount determining means 2 and outputting the ventilation amount signal 3A according to the activity amount level signal 2A. .
[0018]
The operation of the above configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. When the activity amount of the human body in the room is large, the human body detection pulse signal 1A is frequently output from the human body detection means 1. Therefore, when the human body detection pulse signal 1A is integrated for a predetermined time, the value increases. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 2, when the integrated pulse number of the human body detection pulse signal 1A is large, the activity amount determining means 2 determines that the activity level is large, and conversely, when the integrated pulse number is small, the activity level is small. judge. The activity level of the human body and the amount of carbon dioxide emitted from the human body have a relationship as shown in FIG. That is, it is known that as the activity level increases, the amount of oxygen taken in by the human body increases, and accordingly, the amount of carbon dioxide emitted from the human body increases.
[0019]
When the activity level of the human body increases in this way, the amount of carbon dioxide emitted from the human body increases, so that the concentration of carbon dioxide in the room increases. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, when the activity level of the human body is large, a ventilation signal 3A is output by the first ventilation control means 3 so as to increase the ventilation, and a ventilation fan (not shown) or the like is used. Since the ventilation volume is increased, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the room does not increase significantly, and the concentration can be maintained at an appropriate level.
[0021]
Figure 5 shows a block diagram of a control device of the ventilation device. In FIG. 5, 11 is an indoor temperature detecting means for detecting an indoor temperature and outputting an indoor temperature signal 11A, 12 is an outdoor temperature detecting means for detecting an outdoor temperature and outputting an outdoor temperature signal 12A, and 13 is an indoor temperature signal 11A. And an outdoor temperature difference detecting means for detecting the temperature difference between the indoor and the outdoor using the outdoor temperature signal 12A as an input signal and outputting an indoor / outdoor temperature difference signal 13A, and an activity amount level signal 2A and an indoor / outdoor temperature difference signal 13A as input signals. The second ventilation amount control means outputs the ventilation amount signal 14A according to the activity level of the human body and the difference between the inside and outside temperatures.
[0022]
The operation of the above configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 6 shows the relationship between the air density of the room and the natural ventilation rate using the inside / outside temperature difference as a parameter. The air tightness of a room is a numerical value indicating how much a gap is formed between an outdoor space and an adjacent space, and is often expressed as a gap area per unit floor area. As shown in FIG. 6, it is known that even when the air density is the same value, the natural ventilation differs depending on the inside / outside temperature difference, and the natural ventilation increases as the inside / outside temperature difference increases. Therefore, in addition to controlling the ventilation according to the activity level signal 2A output from the activity determining means 2, ventilation control is performed in consideration of the natural ventilation due to the temperature difference between inside and outside. That is, as shown in FIG. 7, even when the activity level is constant, taking into account that the natural ventilation differs depending on the inside / outside temperature difference, the ventilation is larger when the inside / outside temperature difference is larger than when the normal temperature difference is used. Reduce the amount.
[0023]
Thus, according to the reference example , when the temperature difference between the inside and outside is large, the natural ventilation increases even if the ventilation is reduced, so that the overall ventilation does not change so much. It can be maintained at an appropriate level. Further, when the inside / outside temperature difference is large, reducing the ventilation volume reduces the heat load due to ventilation, and can improve the comfort in that the room temperature change accompanying ventilation control is reduced.
[0024]
【Example】
(Example 1 )
Next, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. Here, the same components as those of the above-described reference example are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
[0025]
FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a control device of the ventilation device according to the first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 8, reference numeral 24 denotes second timer means for measuring a predetermined time, and reference numeral 21 denotes an activity level signal 2A output from the activity level determination means 2 and a continuation of the activity level signal 2A from the second timer means 24. Indoor gas concentration estimating means for estimating indoor gas concentration based on time, indoor gas concentration setting means for setting indoor gas concentration to a predetermined value or less, and indoor gas concentration output from indoor gas concentration estimating means 21 The third ventilation amount control means receives the signal of both the concentration signal 21A and the indoor gas concentration setting signal 22A output from the indoor gas concentration setting means 22, and outputs a ventilation amount signal 23A.
[0026]
The operation of the above configuration will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0027]
FIG. 9 shows a change in the concentration of carbon dioxide, which is generally used as a representative standard of the degree of indoor gas pollution, using the activity level of the human body as a parameter. When the activity level is high, the amount of oxygen taken in by the human body increases, and the amount of carbon dioxide emitted from the human body increases with this. Therefore, the concentration of carbon dioxide in the room increases with time. As described above, the change in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the room can be estimated by calculation based on the duration of the activity level of the human body. In the present embodiment, based on this concept, the duration of the activity level signal 2A output from the activity level determining means 2 is measured by the second timer means 24, and the indoor time is measured by both the activity level and the duration. The gas concentration estimation means 21 estimates the concentration of carbon dioxide in the room, and outputs the result to the third ventilation control means 23 as an indoor gas concentration signal 21A.
[0028]
FIG. 10 shows an example of the operation of this embodiment. FIG. 10 shows a scene in which the user is absent until time T1, enters a room at T1, sits down on a sofa or the like, and relaxes. At this time, the movement of the human body in the room is detected by the human body detecting means 1 after time T1, the human body pulse signal 1A is output from the human body detecting means 1, and this pulse signal is integrated by the first timer means 4 for a predetermined time, The activity level is determined as M1 by the activity level determination means 2 based on the integrated value, and is output as an activity level signal 2A. The duration of the activity level M1 is measured by the second timer means 24, and the indoor gas concentration estimating means 21 estimates the concentration of carbon dioxide in the room. At this time, since the estimated concentration of carbon dioxide is lower than the value σs set by the indoor gas concentration setting means 22, the ventilation rate controlled by the third ventilation rate control means 23 is zero. Thereafter, when a hard work such as cleaning is started at time T2, the activity amount determination unit 2 determines that the work is M2 and outputs the result as the activity amount level signal 2A. Similarly, the duration of the activity level M2 is measured by the second timer means 24, and the transition of the indoor carbon dioxide concentration is estimated by the indoor gas concentration estimating means 21. Then, at time T3, when the value of the indoor gas concentration signal 21A output from the indoor gas concentration estimating means 21 reaches the concentration σs set by the indoor gas concentration setting means 22, the third ventilation rate controlling means 23 As a result, the ventilation signal 23A is output as V1, and ventilation is started by a ventilation fan (not shown) or the like. Then, at time T4, when the cleaning is completed and a meal or the like is started, the activity amount determination means 2 determines the activity amount of M3, outputs the activity amount determination signal 2A, and reduces the activity amount from M2 to M3. Is detected, the ventilation amount signal 23A is output by the third ventilation amount control means 23 as V2. Then, the ventilation rate decreases due to the decrease in the ventilation rate signal 23A from V1 to V2. After that, the same operation is performed, and when the activity amount determination signal 2A continues at M3 and the ventilation amount signal 23A is V2, the indoor gas concentration signal 21A does not become much higher than the set concentration σs, so this state is maintained. It remains.
[0029]
As described above, according to this embodiment, the ventilation amount is appropriately controlled while estimating the indoor carbon dioxide concentration based on the activity level of the human body and the duration thereof. Can be maintained at an appropriate level without increasing the concentration.
[0030]
(Example 2 )
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 11 to 13. Here, the same components as those in the previous embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
[0031]
FIG. 11 is a block diagram of a control device for a ventilation device according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 11, reference numeral 31 denotes an indoor temperature setting means for setting an indoor temperature and outputting an indoor temperature setting signal 31A. Reference numeral 32 denotes an input between the indoor temperature signal 11A and the indoor temperature setting signal 31A, and a difference between the indoor temperature and the set indoor temperature. Transient stabilizing means for judging whether the air conditioning state of the room is in a transitional period or a stable period based on the deviation and outputting a transient stabilization signal 32A. Is a fourth ventilation amount control means that outputs the following.
[0032]
The operation of the above configuration will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0033]
FIG. 12 shows the relationship between the amount of ventilation and the amount of activity, using the transition period and the stable period as parameters. In other words, even when the activity level is the same, if the room state is in the transitional period, the ventilation amount is set smaller than the stable period in consideration of the heat load due to ventilation.
[0034]
FIG. 13 shows an example of the operation of this embodiment. In FIG. 13, the activity level is M1, and this is a case where the heating operation is started by the air conditioner. Since the room temperature detected by the room temperature detecting means 11 is lower than the set temperature θs set by the room temperature setting means 31 until time T1, the state of the room is in the transition period by the transient stability determining means 32. It is determined that there is, and as a result, as shown in FIG. 12, since the activity amount level is M1 and the transition period is the transition period, the fourth ventilation amount control means 33 outputs the ventilation amount as V1. Thereafter, when the room temperature rises by the air conditioner and reaches time T1, the room temperature reaches the set time θs. At this time, the transient stabilizing means 32 determines that the room has reached a stable state, and the fourth ventilation rate The control means 33 outputs a ventilation volume signal 33A as a ventilation volume of V2.
[0035]
As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is determined whether the air-conditioning state of the room is in the transition period or the stable period based on the difference between the room temperature and the set room temperature. By reducing the amount, the heat load due to ventilation can be reduced, and the indoor comfort can be improved.
[0036]
(Example 3 )
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 14, 15 and 12. FIG. Here, the same components as those in the previous embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.
[0037]
FIG. 14 is a block diagram of a control device for a ventilation device according to a third embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 14, reference numeral 41 denotes a comfort level detecting means for detecting the indoor comfort level and outputting a comfort level signal 41A, and reference numeral 42 denotes a comfort level setting means for setting the indoor comfort level and outputting a comfort level setting signal 42A. Here, the comfort level is determined in consideration of factors other than the room temperature. For example, a PMV value that can be obtained by detecting or estimating a radiation temperature, airflow, humidity, and the like in addition to the room temperature, and an operating temperature that can be obtained from the room temperature and the radiation temperature.
[0038]
The operation of the above configuration will be described with reference to FIG.
In FIG. 15, the activity level is M1, and this is a case where the heating operation is started by the air conditioner. Since the comfort level detected by the comfort level detection unit 41 is lower than the set comfort level φs set by the comfort level setting unit 42 until the time T1, the state of the room is transiently set by the transient stability determination unit 32. As a result, as shown in FIG. 12, the fourth ventilation control means 33 outputs the ventilation amount V1 because the activity level is M1 and the transition period is the transition period. Thereafter, when the indoor comfort level is increased by the air conditioner and reaches time T1, the comfort level reaches the set comfort level φs. At this time, the transient stability determining unit 32 determines that the room has reached the stable state. The ventilation amount signal 33A is output by the ventilation amount control means 33 of No. 4 as the ventilation amount of V2.
[0039]
As described above, according to the present embodiment, it is determined whether the air-conditioning state of the room is in the transition period or the stable period based on the deviation between the indoor comfort level and the set comfort level. By reducing the amount of ventilation, the heat load due to ventilation can be reduced, and the indoor comfort can be improved.
[0040]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the description of the above embodiment, the present invention provides an indoor gas concentration estimating means for estimating an indoor gas concentration based on the duration of an activity level signal, and an indoor gas concentration setting the indoor gas concentration at a predetermined value or less. Setting means, and third ventilation rate control means for controlling the ventilation rate according to the difference between the indoor gas concentration signal output from the indoor gas concentration estimating means and the indoor gas concentration setting means and the set indoor gas concentration. By controlling the ventilation volume appropriately while estimating the concentration of carbon dioxide in the room based on the activity level of the human body and its duration, the concentration of carbon dioxide does not increase more than the set concentration. Concentration can be maintained at an appropriate level, and comfort can be improved .
[0041]
Further, the present invention determines whether or not the room is in a stable state based on a difference between the room temperature output from the room temperature detection unit and the room temperature setting unit and the set room temperature. A transient stability determination means is provided, and a fourth ventilation control means for controlling the ventilation according to both the transient stability signal and the activity level signal output from the transient stability determination means and the activity quantity determination means is provided. By determining whether the air conditioning state of the room is in a transitional period or a stable period based on the deviation between the room temperature and the set room temperature, in the case of the transitional period, the ventilation is reduced by reducing the amount of ventilation compared to the stable period. achieving the heat load due to, it is possible to make improved indoor comfort.
[0042]
In addition, the present invention includes the comfort level detecting means for detecting the comfort level of the room and the comfort level setting means for setting the comfort level. In some cases, it is possible to reduce the amount of ventilation, reduce the heat load due to ventilation, and improve comfort .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a control device of a ventilator according to a reference example of the present invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a relationship between an integrated pulse number and an activity amount. FIG. 3 is an activity amount level and a carbon dioxide emission amount. FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of the relationship between the activity level and the ventilation amount. FIG. 5 is a block diagram of a control device of the ventilator. FIG. 6 is an air density and a natural ventilation amount. FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the relationship between the activity level and the ventilation volume. FIG. 8 is a block diagram of the control device of the ventilator according to the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a diagram showing the relationship between the activity level and the change in carbon dioxide concentration. FIG. 10 is a time chart showing the operation. FIG. 11 is a block diagram of the control device of the ventilator according to the second embodiment of the present invention. ] of the relationship between the second and activity levels and ventilation of a third embodiment of the present invention illustrating 13 second of the present invention Block diagram of a control device of the ventilation device of a third embodiment of a time chart Figure 14 the present invention illustrating the operation of施例[15] the, EXPLANATION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS time chart showing the operation
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 human body detecting means 2 activity amount determining means 3 first ventilation rate controlling means 4 first timer means 11 indoor temperature detecting means 12 outdoor temperature detecting means 13 inside / outside temperature difference detecting means 14 second ventilation rate controlling means 21 indoor gas Concentration estimating means 22 Indoor gas concentration setting means 23 Third ventilation rate control means 24 Second timer means 31 Indoor temperature setting means 32 Transient stability determination means 33 Fourth ventilation rate control means 41 Comfort detection means 42 Comfort setting means

Claims (3)

A human body detecting means comprising a pyroelectric infrared sensor and detecting the movement of the human body in the room and outputting a human body detection pulse signal; first timer means and second timer means for measuring different predetermined times; An activity amount determining means for integrating the number of detection pulse signals by the first timer means for a predetermined time and determining an activity amount of the human body according to the integrated pulse number; and an activity amount level outputted from the activity amount determining means. A signal and an indoor gas concentration estimating means for estimating an indoor gas concentration based on the duration of the activity level signal by the second timer means, and an indoor gas concentration setting means for setting the indoor gas concentration to a predetermined value or less, the indoor gas concentration estimation means and said chamber gas concentration third to control the ventilation in accordance with the difference between the indoor gas concentration signal and setting the indoor gas concentration output from the setting means Control device for ventilation apparatus having a gas amount control means. A human body detecting means comprising a pyroelectric infrared sensor and detecting the movement of the human body in the room and outputting a human body detection pulse signal; first timer means for measuring a predetermined time; and counting the number of the human body detection pulse signals. Activity amount determining means for integrating for a predetermined time by the first timer means and determining the activity amount of the human body according to the integrated pulse number; indoor temperature detecting means and indoor temperature setting means; A transient stability determining means for determining whether the room is in a stable state based on a difference between the room temperature output from the setting means and the set room temperature, and a transient stability signal output from the transient stability determining means and the activity amount determining means; A control device for a ventilator, comprising: a fourth ventilation volume control means for controlling the ventilation volume in accordance with both of the first and second activity level signals . 3. The control device for a ventilator according to claim 2, further comprising a comfort level detecting means for detecting the degree of comfort in the room in place of the indoor temperature detecting means, and a comfort level setting means for setting the comfort level in place of the indoor temperature setting means. .

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