JP3548832B2 - Ophthalmic equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial applications]
The present invention relates to an ophthalmologic apparatus provided with an exciter filter and a barrier filter used for fluorescence imaging.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As this type of ophthalmologic apparatus, there is a fundus camera. In this fundus camera, an exciter filter for fluorescence imaging is provided in an illumination optical path of an illumination optical system for guiding illumination light from an illumination light source to an eye to be inspected by a driving means for the exciter, and is detachably provided. Generally, a barrier filter for fluorescence imaging is provided in the observation / imaging optical path of the observation / imaging optical system for guiding light to the imaging means so as to be insertable and removable by a driving means for the barrier.
[0003]
Moreover, in the fluorescence imaging mode, the barrier filter is removed from the observation / imaging optical path even when the exciter filter is in the middle of the illumination optical path at the time of focusing before the imaging switch is pressed (in particular, before the fluorescence is emitted). Thereby, the fundus can be observed.
[0004]
In such a configuration, there is a risk that one of the barrier filters may be forgotten to enter the optical path due to a user's erroneous operation during the fluorescent imaging. Therefore, in order to prevent forgetting to insert the barrier filter during fluorescence imaging, when the imaging switch is pressed while the exciter filter is in the illumination optical path in the fluorescence imaging mode, the barrier filter is inserted into the observation / imaging optical path by the driving means. After that, the light emission of the photographing light source is controlled.
[0005]
However, in order to make it easy to confirm the nerve fiber running in the fundus, only the fluorescence filter is used to illuminate the fundus with monochromatic light that passes through the filter, and observation / photographing is performed without a barrier filter. Sometimes you want to do.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, in the device for automatically inserting the barrier filter described above, even if the user wants to photograph the fundus with monochromatic light, the photographing switch is in the fluorescent photographing mode when the exciter filter is in the illumination light path. When the button was pressed, the barrier filter was inserted into the observation / photographing optical path as described above, and it was not possible to perform photographing with monochromatic light using only the exciter filter.
[0007]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide an ophthalmologic apparatus which can automatically perform a switching operation between fundus imaging and fluorescence imaging using monochromatic light by detecting a fluorescence imaging mode and setting an exciter filter and a barrier filter in an interlocked or unlinked state. It is in.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve this object, the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that an exciter filter for fluorescence imaging is inserted and removed by a first driving means in the middle of an illumination optical path of an illumination optical system for guiding illumination light from an illumination light source to an eye to be inspected. capable provided, said burr ya filter for fluorescence imaging to observed and photographed optical path of the observation and photographing optical system for guiding the imaging means light from the eye is provided detachably with a second driving means Control means for operating the first and second driving means in conjunction with the time of photographing, and detecting whether or not the fluorescence photographing mode is on from the ON / OFF state of a timer switch for measuring the time of the fluorescence photographing , and the interlocking state control by said control means from disengagement state when the switch is turned oN from OFF, the disengagement-like control by said control means from the interlocking state when the timer switch is turned OFF from oN Characterized in that the ophthalmologic apparatus provided with interlocking switching means is set so switched to.
[0023]
【Example】
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0024]
<First embodiment>
FIG. 2 shows an optical system of a fundus camera (ophthalmologic apparatus). In FIG. 2, reference numeral 1 denotes an illumination optical system of a fundus camera, 2 denotes an observation / photographing optical system of the fundus camera, and 3 denotes an eye to be inspected.
[0025]
[Illumination optical system]
The illumination optical system 1 has an observation illumination optical system and a photographing illumination optical system.
[0026]
The photographing illumination optical system includes a xenon lamp 6, a condenser lens 7, a small-diameter light-shielding plate 8, a ring-shaped aperture 9, a small-diameter light-shielding plate 10, a relay lens 11, a reflection mirror 12, a relay lens 13, a black spot plate 14, a relay lens 15, Optical components such as a perforated mirror 16 and an objective lens 17 are provided in this order. The photographing illumination light from the xenon lamp 6 is projected onto the fundus oculi Ef of the eye 3 through optical components from the condenser lens 7 to the objective lens 17.
[0027]
Further, between the condenser lens 7 and the small-diameter light shielding plate 8, an exciter filter E1 for visible fluorescence and an exciter filter E2 for infrared fluorescence can be inserted and removed by solenoids S1 and S2 as first driving means. Is provided.
[0028]
The observation illumination optical system has optical components from a halogen lamp 4 as a light source for observation, a condenser lens 5, a condenser lens 7 to an objective lens 17. The observation illumination light from the halogen lamp 4 is projected onto the fundus oculi Ef via optical components from the condenser lens 5 to the objective lens 17.
[0029]
The small-diameter light-shielding plate 8 is conjugate to the cornea 25, the ring slit 9 is conjugate to the pupil 28, the small-diameter light-shielding plate 10 is conjugate to the rear surface 26a of the crystalline lens 26, and the black spot plate 14 is reflected by the surface of the objective lens 17. This is a light shielding material for preventing light from passing through the hole 16a of the perforated mirror 16.
[0030]
[Observation and photographing optical system]
The observation / photographing optical system 2 has an electronic observation / photographing optical system and a film photographing optical system.
[0031]
The electronic observation / photographing optical system includes an objective lens 17, a focusing lens 19, an imaging lens 20, a quick return mirror 21, a mask 36, a field lens 22 conjugate with the fundus oculi Ef, a reflection mirror 23, and a relay. It has a lens 24 and the like.
[0032]
The film photographing optical system has an objective lens 17, a focusing lens 19, an imaging lens 20, and a mask M facing the eye 3 and guides light from the eye to the film F of a 35 mm camera (imaging means). It is supposed to.
[0033]
Further, between the perforated mirror 16 and the focusing lens 19, a barrier filter B1 for visible fluorescence and a barrier filter B2 for infrared fluorescence can be respectively inserted and removed by solenoids S3 and S4 as the second driving means. It is arranged in.
[0034]
Then, the fundus image of the subject's eye 3 due to the reflected light from the fundus oculi Ef is converted into optical components from the objective lens 17 to the imaging lens 20, a mirror 21, a field lens 22, a reflection mirror 23, and a relay lens conjugated to the fundus oculi Ef. 24, an image is formed on the area CCD 30a (image input means, imaging means) of the television camera 30 via the mask 36.
[0035]
[Fixation target optical system]
The fixation target optical system A has a half mirror 32 disposed removably between the imaging lens 20 and the mirror 21, a small hole 33a as a fixation target, and is arranged conjugate with the fundus Ef. A fixation target mask 33 and a fixation target light source 34 such as a light emitting diode disposed facing the small hole 33a. The mask 33 and the fixation target light source 34 are mounted on a fixation target drive device 35 such as an XY table (not shown) that is electrically driven and controlled by a pulse motor or the like.
[0036]
[Control circuit]
The above-described fundus camera has the arithmetic control circuit 40 (interlock switching means) shown in FIG. 1 as control means. Signals from a photographing switch 41, a photographing device selecting switch 42, a photographing mode selecting switch 43, a timer switch 44, an exciter switch 45, a barrier switch 46, and the like are input to the arithmetic control circuit 40.
[0037]
The arithmetic and control circuit 40 controls the operation of the solenoids S1, S2, S3 and S4 via the drive circuits 51, 52, 53 and 54, and also controls the operation of the light emission control circuit 55. ing. In FIG. 1, LED1 is a light emitting diode for checking the operation of the exciter filter E1, LED2 is a light emitting diode for checking the operation of the exciter filter E2, LED3 is a light emitting diode for checking the operation of the barrier filter B1, and LED4 is an operation of the barrier filter B2. This is a light emitting diode for confirmation. Here, the operation check means a state in which each filter is inserted in the optical path.
[0038]
Moreover, the arithmetic control circuit 40 is connected to the area CCD 30a of the TV camera 30, and the monitor television 60 is connected via an electronic video recording device 61 such as a video device.
[0039]
The photographing device selecting switch 42 is for selecting film photographing, electronic photographing or the like. When film photographing is selected by the photographing device selecting switch 42, the arithmetic control circuit 40 causes the quick return mirror 21 to observe and photograph the film photographing optical system. When the electronic photographing is selected by the photographing device selecting switch 42 after removing from the optical path, the arithmetic control circuit 40 inserts the quick return mirror 21 into the observation / photographing optical path of the film photographing optical system.
[0040]
Note that a rotary switch is used as the photographing mode selection switch 43. The photographing mode selection switch 43 has an operation knob 43a shown in FIG. 3, and the operation knob 43a has a selection mark 43b. By rotating the operation knob 43a to set the selection mark 43b to the visible color, the visible single color, the visible fluorescent light, the infrared single color, and the infrared fluorescent light, the visible color photographing mode, the visible monochromatic photographing mode, the visible fluorescent light A photographing mode, an infrared monochromatic photographing mode, an infrared fluorescent photographing mode, and the like are selected.
[0041]
<Other Functions of Operation Control Circuit 40>
Next, other functions of the arithmetic and control circuit 40 will be described together with their functions.
[0042]
(1) Visible color photography (interlock release)
When the power switch of the retinal camera (not shown) is turned on, the arithmetic control circuit 40 operates and is initialized. At the same time, the timer switch 44 is turned off, and the counter / timer display becomes “000001”. The counter / timer display “000001” is incremented by “1” each time the photographing switch 43 is pressed. Note that this counter / timer display is performed while avoiding the display portion of the fundus image at the center of the screen of the monitor television 60. For example, it is assumed that the counter / timer display is a part that does not disturb the fundus image at the center of the screen such as the lower side or the left side of the screen of the monitor television 60.
[0043]
Here, when performing visible color photographing, the selection mark 43b of the operation knob 43a of the photographing mode selection switch 43 is set to the visible color. In this mode, the arithmetic control circuit 40 controls so that the filter is not automatically inserted into the optical path even when the photographing switch 41 is turned on. Therefore, when the photographing switch 41 is turned on, the arithmetic control circuit 40 causes the xenon lamp 6 to emit light by the light emission control circuit 55, and performs color photographing of the fundus with visible light without using a filter.
[0044]
(2) Photographing with visible monochromatic light (non-linked)
In the case of photographing with visible monochromatic light, the selection mark 43b of the operation knob 43a of the photographing mode selection switch 43 is set to the visible monochromatic light.
[0045]
In this mode, when the photographing switch 41 is turned on, the arithmetic control circuit 40 drives the visible fluorescent exciter solenoid S1 with the drive circuit 51, inserts the visible fluorescent exciter filter E1 into the optical path, and the light emission control circuit 55 The xenon lamp 6 is caused to emit light, and fundus photography is performed using only the visible fluorescence exciter filter E1 (with monochromatic light). In this mode, the control circuit 40 prevents the barrier filter B1 from being inserted into the optical path.
[0046]
(3) Visible fluorescence imaging (interlocking)
Next, FAG (fluoressen), which is a fluorescent agent for visible fluorescence, is intravenously injected into the patient, and at the same time, the timer switch 44 is turned on. At the same time, the counter / timer display 71 changes from the counter display to the timer display, and displays the elapsed time after intravenous injection.
[0047]
On the other hand, when the visible fluorescence photographing mode is selected by the photographing mode selection switch 43, the arithmetic and control circuit 40 activates the visible fluorescent exciter solenoid S1 or the visible fluorescent barrier solenoid S3 by the driving circuit 51 or 53, and the visible fluorescent exciter is operated. The filter E1 or the barrier filter B1 for visible fluorescence is inserted into the optical path.
[0048]
Accordingly, the arithmetic control circuit 40 turns on the light emitting diode LED1 for the visible fluorescent exciter filter E1 or the light emitting diode LED3 for the visible fluorescent barrier filter B1, and each filter E1 or B1 is inserted in the optical path. To the user.
[0049]
Next, when the photographing switch 41 is turned on, the arithmetic control circuit 40 operates the light emission control circuit 55 to control the light emission of the xenon lamp 6.
[0050]
Here, when the photographing switch 41 is turned on, when either one of the visible fluorescent exciter filter E1 or the visible fluorescent barrier filter B1 is not inserted in the optical path, the arithmetic control circuit 40 drives the drive circuit 51. Alternatively, the xenon lamp 6 is set to emit light after the filter E1 or B1 that has not been inserted is automatically inserted into the optical path by controlling the drive of the xenon lamp 6.
[0051]
Thereby, the visible fluorescence from the fundus blood vessel is guided to the film F or the area CCD 30a via the observation / photographing optical path and the barrier filter B1, and the fundus blood vessel image by the visible fluorescence is recorded on the film F or the electronic image recording device 61. It is recorded on a recording medium such as a video tape.
[0052]
(4) Photographing with infrared monochromatic light (non-linked)
In the case of photographing using infrared monochromatic light, the selection mark 43b of the operation knob 43a of the photographing mode selection switch 43 is set to the infrared monochromatic light.
[0053]
In this mode, when the photographing switch 41 is turned on, the arithmetic control circuit 40 drives the visible fluorescent exciter solenoid S2 by the drive circuit 51, inserts the infrared fluorescent exciter filter E2 into the optical path, and sets the light emission control circuit 55 Causes the xenon lamp 6 to emit light, and performs fundus photography (by monochromatic light) using only the infrared fluorescence exciter filter E2. In this mode, the control circuit 40 prevents the barrier filter B2 from being inserted into the optical path.
[0054]
(5) Infrared fluorescence imaging (interlocking)
At the same time, ICG (indocyanine green), which is a fluorescent agent for infrared fluorescence, is intravenously injected into the patient, and at the same time, the timer switch 44 is turned on. At the same time, the counter / timer display 71 changes from the counter display to the timer display, and displays the elapsed time after intravenous injection.
[0055]
On the other hand, when the infrared fluorescent photographing mode is selected by the photographing mode selection switch 43, the arithmetic and control circuit 40 activates the infrared fluorescent exciter solenoid S2 or the infrared fluorescent barrier solenoid S4 by the drive circuit 52 or 54, and the red The external fluorescence exciter filter E2 or the infrared fluorescence barrier filter B2 is inserted into the optical path.
[0056]
Accordingly, the arithmetic and control circuit 40 turns on the light emitting diode LED2 for the infrared fluorescent exciter filter E2 or the light emitting diode LED4 for the infrared fluorescent barrier filter B2, and each filter E2 or B2 is inserted into the optical path. Notify the user that
[0057]
Next, when the photographing switch 41 is turned on, the arithmetic control circuit 40 operates the light emission control circuit 55 to control the light emission of the xenon lamp 6.
[0058]
Here, when the photographing switch 41 is turned ON, if either the infrared fluorescent exciter filter E2 or the infrared fluorescent barrier filter B2 is not inserted in the optical path, the arithmetic control circuit 40 After the drive circuit 52 or 54 is driven and controlled to automatically insert the filter E2 or B2 that has not been inserted into the optical path, the xenon lamp 6 is set to emit light.
[0059]
Thereby, the visible fluorescent light from the fundus blood vessels is guided to the film F or the area CCD 30a via the observation / photographing optical path and the barrier filter B2, and the fundus blood vessel image due to the infrared fluorescent light is recorded on the film F or the electronic image recording device 61. Is recorded on a recording medium such as a video tape.
[0060]
As described above, in the present embodiment, the arithmetic control circuit 40 detects the state of the photographing mode selected by the photographing mode selection switch 43 as the photographing condition, and switches between interlocking and interlocking. In other words, the arithmetic and control circuit 40 detects whether or not the camera is in the fluorescence imaging mode, and switches from the interlocked state to the interlocked state in the fluorescence imaging mode, and from the interlocked state to the interlocked state in the other imaging mode from the fluorescence imaging mode. It is set to switch to.
[0061]
<Other Modification 1>
In the case where the configuration of the filters E1 and B1 for visible fluorescence imaging or the filter E2 or B2 for infrared fluorescence imaging is omitted, the imaging mode as the imaging condition is detected without using the imaging mode selection switch 43. It can also be done. That is, in this configuration, it is possible to detect whether or not the timer switch 44 is in the infrared fluorescence imaging mode or the visible fluorescence imaging mode from the ON / OFF state.
[0062]
In this case, the arithmetic control circuit 40 detects whether or not the fluorescence imaging mode is set to the fluorescence imaging mode from the ON / OFF state of the timer switch 44. The state may be set to switch from the interlocked state to the interlocked release state when the timer switch 44 changes from ON to OFF.
[0063]
The arithmetic and control circuit 40 also includes a fluorescent agent intravenous detecting means provided in the intravenous means used when intravenously injecting the fluorescent agent into the subject, and performs the fluorescence based on the detection signal from the fluorescent intravenous detecting means. It is also possible to detect whether or not the mode is the photographing mode, and to set the state to be switched from the interlocked state to the interlocked state when in the fluorescent image capturing mode, and to be switched from the interlocked state to the interlocked state when the fluorescent image mode is switched to another image capturing mode.
[0064]
In this case, the fluorescent agent intravenous detection means may be a fluorescent agent injection end detecting means provided in the fluorescent agent intravenous syringe. In general, a syringe is provided with an injection needle at one end of a cylinder, a flange on the other end opening edge of the cylinder for hanging a finger, and one end of the piston from the other end opening edge to the cylinder. A side is inserted, and a flange is provided on the other end of the piston for hanging a finger. Therefore, by providing a switch on one of the flange of the cylinder and the flange of the piston as the above-described injection end detecting means, and by turning on this switch on the other flange, the end of the intravenous injection of the fluorescent agent is detected. You can also
[0065]
Further, the above-described fluorescent agent intravenous detection means may be an arm detecting means such as a switch provided on the arm rest of the subject used when intravenously injecting the fluorescent agent. In this case, the arithmetic control circuit 40 changes the state from the disengaged state to the interlocked state when the arm detecting means detects that the subject's arm has been placed on the arm rest of the subject used during intravenous injection of the fluorescent agent. When the arm detecting means detects that the subject's arm has been removed from the arm rest of the subject used for intravenous injection of the fluorescent agent, the setting is made to switch from the interlocked state to the interlocked release state. .
[0066]
<Other Modification 2>
Further, the arithmetic and control circuit 40 detects whether or not the fluorescence imaging mode is set based on the state of insertion / removal of the fluorescence imaging filter E1 or E2 or B1 or B2 into / from the optical path, and the filter B1 or B2 is inserted into the optical path. When the filter B1 or B2 is removed from the optical path, it can be set to switch from the interlocked state to the interlocked state. The operation of inserting the filters B1 and B2 into the optical path is performed by the arithmetic and control circuit 40 operating and controlling the drive circuits 51 to 54 to operate the solenoids S3 and S4. Is always detected by the arithmetic and control circuit 40. However, the insertion of the filters B1 and B2 in the optical path can be detected by a detection switch or the like.
[0067]
Further, the arithmetic control circuit 40 detects whether or not the mode is the photographing mode from the switching state of the xenon lamp 6 as the photographing light source by the light emitting amount switching means. The state may be set to switch from the interlocked state to the interlocked release state when the light emission amount switching state is a low light emission amount. As the light emission amount switching means, a rotary type or a linearly slidable volume or the like can be used, or a configuration in which the light emission amount is switched stepwise by using a plurality of switches can be adopted. .
[0068]
The arithmetic and control circuit 40 detects whether or not the camera is in the fluorescent image capturing mode based on the video signal output from the TV camera 30 as the image capturing means. It can be set to switch from the linked state to the linked state when the video signal becomes a color signal.
[0069]
The arithmetic and control circuit 40 detects whether or not the film sensitivity of the film F provided in the 35 mm camera as the imaging means is in the fluorescence imaging mode based on the film sensitivity from the DX code detection means, and determines whether the film sensitivity by the DX code detection means is predetermined. It is also possible to set the fluorescence imaging mode to switch from the interlocked state to the interlocked state when the sensitivity exceeds the sensitivity, and to switch from the interlocked state to the interlocked state when the film sensitivity by the DX code detecting means is lower than a predetermined sensitivity.
[0070]
The arithmetic and control circuit 40 turns ON / OFF the timer switch 44 for measuring the fluorescence image, inserts and removes the filters B1 and B2 for the fluorescence image into and out of the optical path, the detection state by the arm detection means provided on the arm holder, Fluorescence detection mode is detected based on a combination of a plurality of conditions, such as film sensitivity from a DX code detection unit of a 35 mm camera as an imaging unit, and a light emission amount switching state from a light emission amount switching unit of a photographing light source. It is also possible to set so as to switch from the interlocked state to the interlocked state when in the shooting mode, and to switch from the interlocked state to the unlinked state when the mode changes from the fluorescence imaging mode to another imaging mode.
[0071]
The arithmetic control circuit 40 may detect the type of the photographing device as the photographing condition, and may be set to switch between interlocking and uncoupling. In this case, as a photographing device, a 35 mm camera loaded with a film for infrared fluorescent photographing, a 35 mm camera loaded with a film for visible fluorescent photographing, a 35 mm camera loaded with a film for visible color photographing, color photographing There are various types of polaroid cameras, color TV cameras, infrared fluorescent TV cameras, and the like. By providing means for recognizing each photographing device and inputting the recognition signal to the arithmetic control circuit 40 in the mounting portion of each photographing device to the fundus camera main body, the arithmetic control circuit 40 Can be detected.
[0072]
【effect】
Since the present invention is configured as described above, even if the photographing switch is pressed while the exciter filter is in the illumination light path, the barrier filter is set in the non-interlocked state so as not to enter the observation / photographing light path, and the monochromatic light is emitted. Ophthalmologic imaging can be performed, and if linked, it is possible to prevent forgetting to insert a filter during fluorescent imaging.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of an optical system of an ophthalmologic apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a control circuit of the ophthalmologic apparatus shown in FIG.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an operation knob of a shooting mode selection switch in the control circuit shown in FIG. 1;
[Explanation of symbols]
1: Illumination optical system 2: Observation / photographing optical system 6: Xenon lamp 6 (illumination light source)
30 ... TV camera (imaging means)
40 ... operation control circuit (interlock switching means, control means)
45 ... part of the exciter switch interlock release means)
46 ... Barrier switch (part of interlock release means)
41 photographing switch 44 timer switch 51, 52, 53, 54 driving circuit (driving means)
S1, S2, S3, S4 ... solenoid (drive means)
F… Film

Claims (1)

An exciter filter for fluorescence imaging is provided in the illumination optical path of the illumination optical system for guiding illumination light from the illumination light source to the subject's eye so as to be insertable / removable with the first driving means, and the light from the subject's eye is provided to the imaging means. with burrs ya filter for fluorescence imaging is provided detachably with a second driving means to observed and photographed optical path of the observation and photographing optical system guiding for,
Control means for operating the first and second driving means in conjunction with shooting ,
Detecting whether or not the fluorescence imaging mode is set from the ON / OFF state of the timer switch for fluorescence imaging timing, and when the timer switch is turned from OFF to ON , the control by the control unit is changed from the interlocked state to the interlocked state. An ophthalmologic apparatus comprising: an interlock switching unit configured to switch the control by the control unit from an interlocked state to an interlocked release state when the timer switch is turned off from ON .

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