JP3519536B2 - Spindle device with coolant ejection nozzle and coolant supply cutting method - Google Patents

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a spindle device with a coolant injection nozzle used in a machine tool such as a machining center and a coolant supply cutting method.
In particular, the present invention relates to a spindle device with a coolant jet nozzle and a coolant supply cutting method which are used in cutting such as deep groove cutting with a predetermined tool movement path.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In cutting with a machine tool such as a machining center, a coolant liquid is sprayed from a coolant jet nozzle provided on a spindle head to a cutting position by a cutting tool attached to the spindle. It is being appreciated.

[0003]

A cutting tool such as an end mill is used, and a spindle attached with the cutting tool is defined on a plane orthogonal to the axis of rotation of the spindle by biaxial control such as X-axis and Y-axis. When performing deep groove cutting in an arbitrary shape by moving along the tool movement path, the coolant should always be at a predetermined angular position around the main spindle rotation axis, such as the main shaft advancing direction, in other words, the front side with respect to the groove cutting advancing direction. If the liquid is not sprayed, the coolant liquid cannot be efficiently supplied to the cutting position.

On the other hand, in the conventional spindle head, the coolant jet nozzles are fixedly arranged. In other words, the rotation angle position of the coolant jet nozzles around the spindle rotation axis (around the C axis) is fixed. On the other hand, when the traveling direction of the main spindle changes in the X and Y axis directions, the rotation angle position of the coolant jet nozzle around the main spindle rotation axis changes relative to the main spindle traveling direction. It becomes impossible to spray the coolant from the required angular position to the cutting position.

For this reason, conventionally, the flow rate of the coolant liquid jetted from the coolant jet nozzle is set to be large, or the coolant jet nozzles are arranged at a plurality of positions around the axis of rotation of the main shaft, and the coolant liquid is jetted from each of the coolant jet nozzles. We are dealing with it by erupting.

However, this measure requires a large amount of coolant, is uneconomical, has a narrow groove width, and is used for high-speed cutting of deep grooves. It is difficult to reliably supply the liquid. For this reason, particularly in the case of narrow deep groove machining, the cutting tool diameter is small, and the cutting tool life is likely to be impaired at an early stage due to seizure of the cutting tool or inclusion of chips.

Since such a cutting tool for deep groove machining is generally expensive, the short tool life leads to a considerable increase in cost, and frequent tool replacement is required, resulting in deterioration of production efficiency. Insufficient coolant also causes the machined surface to be rough, which causes the quality of the machined product to deteriorate.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and a coolant jet nozzle capable of reliably supplying a required amount of coolant to a cutting position without waste even in the case of deep groove machining with a narrow width. An object of the present invention is to provide an attached spindle device and a coolant supply cutting processing method using this spindle device with a coolant ejection nozzle.

[0009]

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, a spindle device with a coolant ejection nozzle according to the present invention is a coolant ejection device configured as an attachment-type spindle head detachable from a shaft moving member of a machine tool. A spindle device with a nozzle, a spindle on which a cutting tool is mounted, a nozzle mount member rotatably arranged around a rotation axis of the spindle, a coolant ejection nozzle attached to the nozzle mount member, and a spindle head. Provided in
Is a spindle motor for rotating the spindle, said nozzle mounting member, a transmission mechanism for driving connection to the machine body main shaft which is rotationally driven by a motor mounted on the axis moving member being mounted on said shaft moving member The nozzle mount member is rotationally driven at a specified angle by the rotation of the main shaft of the machine body, and the coolant ejection nozzle is positioned at a predetermined rotation angle position around the main shaft rotation axis.

In the spindle device with a coolant jet nozzle according to the present invention, the nozzle mount member is driven to rotate at a specified angle by the main shaft of the machine body mounted on the shaft moving member, so that the coolant jet nozzle rotates about the spindle rotation axis. The angular position is changed, and the rotational angular position of the coolant ejection nozzle around the main shaft rotation axis can be maintained in a constant relationship with the main shaft advancing direction. As a result, the coolant liquid can be sprayed to the cutting position from a required angular position around the main shaft rotation axis regardless of the main shaft moving direction.

In the spindle device with a coolant jet nozzle according to the present invention, preferably, the nozzle mount member is inscribed in or outfitted with a fixed side member concentric with the rotation axis of the main shaft to rotate from the fixed side member. The nozzle mount member and the fixed side member constitute a rotary coupling configured to supply a coolant liquid from the fixed side member to the coolant jet nozzle, as instructed as possible.

In the spindle device with a coolant ejection nozzle according to the present invention, the coolant liquid is sent from the fixed member to the nozzle mounting member connected to the rotary coupling, and the coolant liquid is supplied from the nozzle mounting member to the coolant ejection nozzle.

A coolant supply cutting method according to the present invention uses the spindle device with a coolant jet nozzle according to the above-mentioned invention, and moves the spindle by a tool moving path defined on a plane orthogonal to the spindle rotation axis by biaxial control. Then, the traveling direction of the spindle in the plane is determined from the axis movement command of the spindle by the two-axis control, and the rotation angle position around the spindle rotation axis of the coolant ejection nozzle is always at a predetermined angle with respect to the traveling direction of the spindle. The drive of the main shaft of the machine body is controlled so as to be maintained in the position.

In the coolant supply cutting method according to the present invention, under the condition that the spindle is moved by the tool movement path defined on the plane orthogonal to the spindle rotation axis by the biaxial control, the axis of the spindle is controlled by the biaxial control. The traveling direction of the spindle in the plane is determined from the movement command, the drive of the machine body spindle is controlled according to the traveling direction, and the rotation angle position around the spindle rotation axis of the coolant ejection nozzle is always relative to the spindle traveling direction. Keep in the given angular position.

The method of moving the main spindle by the tool movement path defined on the plane orthogonal to the main spindle rotation axis by the two-axis control is not limited to the X-axis movement and the Y-axis movement of the main spindle, but also the Y-axis movement of the main spindle. And the X-axis movement of the work table may be combined.

A method of discriminating the traveling direction of the spindle in the plane from the axis movement command of the spindle by the two-axis control is a control for directing the blade surface of the cutting tool in the machining progress direction in the normal control machining by the numerical control machine tool. It can be performed by a control technique equivalent to.

[0017]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows one of machine tools in which a spindle device with a coolant jet nozzle according to the present invention is used.
A gate type machining center is shown. This portal type machining center comprises a bed 1 fixedly arranged, a work table 3 arranged on the bed 1 and axially moving in the X-axis direction, and a portal type fixed frame fixedly arranged across the bed 1 in the Y-axis direction. 5, a cross beam 7 provided on the gate-shaped fixed frame 5 and extending on the bed 1 in the Y-axis direction, a saddle 9 provided on the cross beam 7 so as to be axially movable in the Y-axis direction, and a saddle 9. And a ram (axis moving member) 11 provided so as to be axially movable in the vertical direction (Z-axis direction). The spindle device 21 with a coolant jet nozzle according to the present invention is attached to and detached from the ram 11 as one attachment-type spindle head. Can be mounted as possible.

In the following description, the spindle device 21 with the coolant ejection nozzle may be referred to as the spindle head 21.

As shown in FIG. 2, the spindle head 2
1 has a quill spindle device 25 in the head main body 23, in addition to the machine main spindle of the ram. The quill spindle device 25 is arranged at a position concentric with the center axis of the main shaft of the machine body, and has a main shaft 31 on which a cutting tool 29 such as an end mill for grooving is detachably mounted by a chuck 27 at a lower end portion thereof. It has a spindle motor 33 that is driven to rotate at high speed.

A ring-shaped fixed side member 32 is fixed to the lower bottom surface of the head body 23, and a ring-shaped nozzle mount member 35 is rotatably fitted and mounted inside the fixed side member 32. The nozzle mount member 35 is the main shaft 2
It is arranged concentrically with 9 and surrounds the main shaft 29, and is supported by a fixed side member 32 so as to be rotatable around the rotation axis of the main shaft 29.

A tubular coolant injection nozzle 37 is attached to the nozzle mount member 35. The coolant jet nozzle 37 jets the coolant liquid toward the blade portion of the cutting tool 26 with directivity, and the rotation of the nozzle mount member 35 around the main spindle rotation axis causes 360 degrees of rotation about the main spindle rotation axis. It can be located at any angle of rotation.

The fixed side member 32 has a coolant liquid passage 39.
And the peripheral groove 41 are formed, the coolant liquid passage 43 is formed in the nozzle mount member 35, and the fixed side member 3 is formed.
O-rings 45 and 47 for liquid tightness are attached to the fitting portion between the nozzle mounting member 35 and the nozzle mounting member 35, and the stationary side member 32 and the nozzle mounting member 35 are provided with a circumferential groove 41 from the coolant liquid passage 39 of the stationary side member 32. A rotary coupling that supplies the coolant liquid to the coolant jet nozzle 37 via the coolant liquid passage 43 is configured. Coolant liquid passage 3
9 is a coolant liquid supply hose 49 extending from the ram side.
Are connected in communication.

A gear 51 is fixed to the nozzle mount member 35. The head main body 23 is equipped with a dedicated servo motor 53 for rotating the nozzle mount. The drive gear 5 is attached to the rotary shaft (output shaft) 55 of the servo motor 53.
5 is attached, and the drive gear 55 meshes with the gear 51 of the nozzle mount member 35.

In this spindle head 21, the servo motor 5
3 is given a drive command, the servo motor 5
3, the nozzle mount member 35 is rotationally driven at a specified angle, and the coolant ejection nozzle 37 is positioned at a predetermined rotation angle position around the main shaft rotation axis (C axis) according to the specified angle, and the coolant liquid is supplied from a predetermined direction. Is ejected toward the blade portion of the cutting tool 26.

Accordingly, the spindle 31 is moved by the tool movement path defined on the plane orthogonal to the spindle rotation axis by the biaxial control of the X axis and the Y axis, and the spindle 31 is controlled by the biaxial control.
Of the spindle 31 (X-axis movement command of the work table 3 and Y-axis movement command of the saddle 9) is used to determine the traveling direction of the spindle 31 in the XY plane, and based on this spindle traveling direction, a drive command (C By giving the axis control command), the rotation angle position of the coolant ejection nozzle 37 around the main axis rotation axis can be always maintained at a predetermined angle position with respect to the main axis traveling direction.

FIG. 3 shows the spindle head 21 shown in FIG.
Shows a spindle head equivalent to. In addition, in FIG.
The parts corresponding to those in FIG. 2 are designated by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 2, and the description thereof will be omitted. In FIG. 3, reference numeral W indicates a workpiece, and reference numeral m indicates a groove to be cut.

FIG. 4 shows another embodiment of a spindle device (spindle head) with a coolant jet nozzle according to the present invention. Note that, also in FIG. 3, the portions corresponding to those in FIG. 2 are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in FIG. 2, and the description thereof will be omitted.

In this embodiment, the nozzle mount member 35 is rotationally driven by the machine body main shaft 10 provided on the ram 11. The bed body 23 has a pulley shaft 61 rotatably at a connection portion with the ram 11. The pulley shaft 61 has a taper portion 63, and is the main shaft (ram shaft) of the machine body.
It is fitted and connected to the taper receiving hole 12 of 10 and is rotationally driven by the machine body main shaft 10. A pulley 65 is fixed to the pulley shaft 61.

The bed body 23 rotatably supports an intermediate shaft 67 extending in the vertical direction. A pulley 69 is attached to the upper end of the intermediate shaft 67, and an endless belt 67 is stretched around the pulley 69 and the pulley 65.

A pulley 71 having the same diameter as the pulley 65 is fixed to the nozzle mount member 35. A pulley 73 having the same diameter as the pulley 69 is attached to the lower end of the intermediate shaft 67, and an endless belt 75 is stretched between the pulley 73 and the pulley 71.

In this embodiment, a drive command is given to the servo motor (main shaft motor capable of C-axis control) 8 of the main shaft 10 of the machine body (see FIG. 1) so that the nozzle mount member 35 is designated by the servo motor 8. It is driven to rotate at an angle, and the coolant jet nozzle 37 is located at a predetermined rotation angle position around the main shaft rotation axis (around the C axis) according to the specified angle, and the coolant liquid is directed to the blade portion of the cutting tool 26 from a predetermined direction. Gush towards.

In this embodiment, it is necessary to provide a dedicated rotary drive means for rotationally driving the nozzle mount member 35.

Further, pulleys 65 and 71, pulleys 69 and 73
Since each has the same diameter, the machine main body spindle 10
Since the rotation of the nozzle mount member 35 and the rotation of the nozzle mount member 35 are performed at a constant speed in a one-to-one relationship, the rotation angle of the machine body main shaft 10 and the rotation angle of the nozzle mount member 35 become the same, and the coolant injection nozzle 37 The rotation angle position around the rotation axis of the spindle can be easily controlled by controlling the rotation angle of the machine body spindle 10.

The coolant supplying and cutting method according to the present invention is carried out by mounting the spindle device 21 with the coolant jet nozzle having the above-mentioned configuration on the ram 11.

FIG. 5 shows a control system used for carrying out the coolant supply cutting method according to the present invention. The control system executes a NC machining program and outputs a command to move each axis, and a program execution unit 101 and a program execution unit 10.
Interpolation calculation unit 10 that inputs an axis command from 1 and performs interpolation calculation
3, the interpolation calculation unit 103 uses the movement amounts of the X, Y, Z, and C axes as command values, and the position control / drive unit 10 of each axis.
5, 107, 109 and 111.

Position control / driving units 105, 107, 10
Reference numerals 9 and 111 respectively input rotation angle information from coaxial rotary encoders (pulse generators) 113, 115, 117 and 119, and the servo motors 91 of the respective axes have the manipulated variables of the respective axes calculated by position feedback compensation control.
The drive of 21, 123, 125, 127 is controlled. Here, the C-axis servo motor 127 is the above-mentioned servo motor 5
3 or servo motor 8.

Regarding the C-axis control, the program execution unit 101 fetches the X-axis coordinate command value and the Y-axis coordinate command value for each block, and from this and the present X-axis coordinate value and Y-axis coordinate value of the spindle 31. The traveling direction of the spindle 27 in the XY plane is obtained by vector calculation, and the C-axis movement command is output so that the rotation angle position of the coolant jet nozzle 37 around the spindle rotation axis with respect to the spindle traveling direction at the time of machining is always maintained. .

This calculation of the C-axis movement command is performed by an algorithm equivalent to the calculation of the C-axis movement command in the control for directing the blade surface of the cutting tool in the normal direction control machining by the numerically controlled machine tool. You can

The rotational angle position of the coolant jet nozzle 37 around the main spindle rotation axis with respect to the main spindle advancing direction at the start of machining can be arbitrarily set in the normal machining command start program. If the main spindle 31 is moved by the control along the tool movement path defined on the XY plane orthogonal to the main spindle rotation axis, the servo motor 127 is driven by the C-axis movement command in synchronization with the two-axis control, so that the coolant is ejected. The rotational angular position of the nozzle 37 around the main shaft rotation axis is always held at a predetermined angular position with respect to the main shaft advancing direction.

In the above, the present invention has been described in detail with respect to a specific embodiment, but the present invention is not limited to this, and various embodiments are possible within the scope of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that it is possible.

[0042]

As can be understood from the above description, in the spindle device with the coolant jet nozzle according to the first aspect, the nozzle mount member is rotationally driven at the designated angle by the machine body spindle equipped in the shaft moving member. As a result, the rotational angle position of the coolant ejection nozzle around the main spindle rotation axis can be changed, and the rotation angle position of the coolant ejection nozzle around the main spindle rotation axis can be maintained in a constant relationship with respect to the main spindle advancing direction. Regardless of the method, the coolant can be sprayed from the required angular position around the main spindle rotation axis to the cutting position, so even if the deep groove is narrow, the required amount of coolant can be cut without waste. Can be reliably supplied to the position.

As a result, no shortage of coolant will occur even in the case of narrow deep groove machining, the life of the tool will be shortened, the frequency of tool replacement will be reduced, and the surface roughness of the machined surface will not be reduced. Can be done.

Further, since the nozzle mount member is rotationally driven by the main shaft of the machine body mounted on the shaft moving member such as the ram, it is not necessary to provide a dedicated servo motor or the like for controlling the nozzle rotation angle, and the machine body is not required. The nozzle rotation angle can be easily controlled by directly controlling the C axis of the main shaft.

In the spindle device with the coolant ejection nozzle according to the second aspect, the coolant is supplied from the fixed side member to the nozzle mounting member connected to the rotary coupling, and the coolant liquid is supplied from the nozzle mounting member to the coolant ejection nozzle. Even if the ejection nozzle rotates 360 degrees or more in the same direction around the rotation axis of the main shaft, the coolant can be properly supplied to the coolant ejection nozzle without causing a problem such as entanglement of the coolant supply hose.

In the coolant supply cutting method according to the third aspect of the present invention, the spindle is controlled by the two axes under the condition that the spindle is moved by the tool movement path defined on the plane orthogonal to the spindle rotation axis by the two axes control. Discriminating the traveling direction of the spindle in the plane from the axis movement command, and controlling the drive of the rotation driving means in accordance with the traveling direction to determine the rotation angle position of the coolant ejection nozzle around the spindle rotation axis with respect to the spindle traveling direction. Since it is always maintained at a predetermined angular position, the rotational angle position around the main shaft rotation axis of the coolant jet nozzle can be maintained in a constant relationship with respect to the main shaft advancing direction by automatic control such as numerical control.

As a result, regardless of the traveling direction of the spindle,
Coolant liquid can be sprayed to the cutting position from the required angular position around the main spindle rotation axis, and the required amount of coolant liquid can be reliably supplied to the cutting position without waste even in the case of narrow deep groove machining. .

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a portal machining center in which a spindle device with a coolant ejection nozzle according to the present invention is used.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of a spindle device with a coolant ejection nozzle according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing one embodiment of a spindle device with a coolant ejection nozzle according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing another embodiment of a spindle device with a coolant ejection nozzle according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an embodiment of a control system used for carrying out the coolant supply cutting method according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 Bed 3 Work Table 5 Gate-type Fixed Frame 7 Cross Beam 8 Servo Motor 9 Saddle 10 Machine Main Body Spindle (ram axis) 11 Ram 21 Spindle Device with Spindle for Coolant (Spindle Head) 25 Quill Spindle Device 29 Cutting Tool 31 Spindle 33 Spindle Motor 32 Fixed side member 35 Nozzle mount member 37 Coolant ejection nozzle 49 Coolant liquid supply hose 51 Gear 53 Servo motor 61 Pulley shafts 65, 69, 71, 73 Pulley 101 Program execution unit 103 Interpolation calculation unit

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] 1. A spindle device with a coolant ejection nozzle, which is configured as an attachment-type spindle head that is attachable to and detachable from a shaft moving member of a machine tool, wherein a spindle on which a cutting tool is mounted, and a rotation axis of the spindle. A nozzle mount member rotatably arranged, a coolant ejection nozzle attached to the nozzle mount member, a spindle motor provided on a spindle head and rotationally driving the spindle, the nozzle mount member, and the shaft moving member. And a transmission mechanism drivingly connected to a machine body main spindle that is rotationally driven by a motor mounted on the shaft moving member, and rotationally drives the nozzle mount member at a specified angle by rotation of the machine body main spindle. , Characterized in that the coolant injection nozzle is positioned at a predetermined rotation angle position around the main shaft rotation axis. Coolant jet nozzle with spindle device for. 2. The nozzle mount member is inwardly or externally fitted to a fixed side member concentric with a rotation axis of the main shaft, and is rotatably instructed by the fixed side member. The main shaft device with a coolant ejection nozzle according to claim 1, wherein a rotary coupling configured to supply a coolant liquid from the fixed side member to the coolant ejection nozzle is constituted by a side member. 3. The spindle device with a coolant jet nozzle according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the spindle is moved by a tool movement path defined in a plane orthogonal to the spindle axis of rotation by biaxial control, and the biaxial The traveling direction of the spindle in the plane is determined based on the axis movement command of the spindle by the control, and the rotational angular position around the spindle rotation axis of the coolant ejection nozzle is always kept at a predetermined angular position with respect to the spindle traveling direction. A method for supplying and cutting a coolant, characterized in that the drive of the main shaft of the machine body is controlled as described above.